feat: show "Waiting for remote..." during ZMODEM upload finalization

After all file data is written to the buffer, the progress bar shows
100% but the remote rz is still processing. Now a "finalizing" flag
is sent with the last progress event, and the UI displays "Waiting
for remote..." instead of the misleading 100% uploading state.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

application/i18n/locales/en.ts

@@ -699,6 +699,9 @@ const en: Messages = {
   'sftp.deleteConfirm.single': 'Delete "{name}"?',
   'sftp.deleteConfirm.title': 'Delete {count} item(s)?',
   'sftp.deleteConfirm.desc': 'This action cannot be undone. The following will be deleted:',
+  'sftp.deleteConfirm.descSingle': 'This action cannot be undone.',
+  'sftp.deleteConfirm.host': 'Host',
+  'sftp.deleteConfirm.path': 'Path',
   'sftp.error.loadFailed': 'Failed to load directory',
   'sftp.error.downloadFailed': 'Download failed',
   'sftp.error.uploadFailed': 'Upload failed',
@@ -1684,6 +1687,17 @@ const en: Messages = {
   'ai.claude.customPathPlaceholder': 'e.g. /usr/local/bin/claude',
   'ai.claude.check': 'Check',
 
+  // AI GitHub Copilot CLI
+  'ai.copilot.title': 'GitHub Copilot CLI',
+  'ai.copilot.description': 'Uses GitHub Copilot CLI via ACP over stdio (`copilot --acp --stdio`). Once detected, it can be selected as an external coding agent.',
+  'ai.copilot.detecting': 'Detecting...',
+  'ai.copilot.detected': 'Detected',
+  'ai.copilot.notFound': 'Not found',
+  'ai.copilot.path': 'Path:',
+  'ai.copilot.notFoundHint': 'Could not find copilot in PATH. Install it or specify the executable path below.',
+  'ai.copilot.customPathPlaceholder': 'e.g. /usr/local/bin/copilot',
+  'ai.copilot.check': 'Check',
+
   // AI Default Agent
   'ai.defaultAgent': 'Default Agent',
   'ai.defaultAgent.description': 'Agent to use when starting a new AI session',

application/i18n/locales/zh-CN.ts

@@ -507,6 +507,9 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   'sftp.deleteConfirm.single': '删除 "{name}"？',
   'sftp.deleteConfirm.title': '删除 {count} 个项目？',
   'sftp.deleteConfirm.desc': '此操作不可撤销，将删除以下内容：',
+  'sftp.deleteConfirm.descSingle': '此操作不可撤销。',
+  'sftp.deleteConfirm.host': '主机',
+  'sftp.deleteConfirm.path': '路径',
   'sftp.error.loadFailed': '加载目录失败',
   'sftp.error.downloadFailed': '下载失败',
   'sftp.error.uploadFailed': '上传失败',
@@ -1691,6 +1694,17 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   'ai.claude.customPathPlaceholder': '例如 /usr/local/bin/claude',
   'ai.claude.check': '检查',
 
+  // AI GitHub Copilot CLI
+  'ai.copilot.title': 'GitHub Copilot CLI',
+  'ai.copilot.description': '通过 ACP over stdio（`copilot --acp --stdio`）接入 GitHub Copilot CLI。检测到后即可作为外部编程 Agent 使用。',
+  'ai.copilot.detecting': '检测中...',
+  'ai.copilot.detected': '已检测到',
+  'ai.copilot.notFound': '未找到',
+  'ai.copilot.path': '路径：',
+  'ai.copilot.notFoundHint': '在 PATH 中未找到 copilot。请安装或在下方指定可执行文件路径。',
+  'ai.copilot.customPathPlaceholder': '例如 /usr/local/bin/copilot',
+  'ai.copilot.check': '检查',
+
   // AI Default Agent
   'ai.defaultAgent': '默认 Agent',
   'ai.defaultAgent.description': '创建新 AI 会话时使用的 Agent',

application/state/sftp/useSftpPaneActions.ts

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ interface UseSftpPaneActionsParams {
   listRemoteFiles: (sftpId: string, path: string, encoding?: SftpFilenameEncoding) => Promise<SftpFileEntry[]>;
   handleSessionError: (side: "left" | "right", error: Error) => void;
   isSessionError: (err: unknown) => boolean;
+  clearSelectionsExcept: (target: { side: "left" | "right"; tabId: string } | null) => void;
   dirCacheTtlMs: number;
 }
 
@@ -78,6 +79,7 @@ export const useSftpPaneActions = ({
   listRemoteFiles,
   handleSessionError,
   isSessionError,
+  clearSelectionsExcept,
   dirCacheTtlMs,
 }: UseSftpPaneActionsParams): UseSftpPaneActionsResult => {
   const normalizePathForCompare = useCallback((path: string): string => {
@@ -465,6 +467,10 @@ export const useSftpPaneActions = ({
 
   const toggleSelection = useCallback(
     (side: "left" | "right", fileName: string, multiSelect: boolean) => {
+      const activeTabId = (side === "left" ? leftTabsRef : rightTabsRef).current.activeTabId;
+      if (activeTabId) {
+        clearSelectionsExcept({ side, tabId: activeTabId });
+      }
       updateActiveTab(side, (prev) => {
         const newSelection = new Set(multiSelect ? prev.selectedFiles : []);
         if (newSelection.has(fileName)) {
@@ -475,11 +481,15 @@ export const useSftpPaneActions = ({
         return { ...prev, selectedFiles: newSelection };
       });
     },
-    [updateActiveTab],
+    [updateActiveTab, clearSelectionsExcept, leftTabsRef, rightTabsRef],
   );
 
   const rangeSelect = useCallback(
     (side: "left" | "right", fileNames: string[]) => {
+      const activeTabId = (side === "left" ? leftTabsRef : rightTabsRef).current.activeTabId;
+      if (activeTabId) {
+        clearSelectionsExcept({ side, tabId: activeTabId });
+      }
       const newSelection = new Set<string>();
       for (const name of fileNames) {
         if (name && name !== "..") {
@@ -489,7 +499,7 @@ export const useSftpPaneActions = ({
 
       updateActiveTab(side, (prev) => ({ ...prev, selectedFiles: newSelection }));
     },
-    [updateActiveTab],
+    [updateActiveTab, clearSelectionsExcept, leftTabsRef, rightTabsRef],
   );
 
   const clearSelection = useCallback((side: "left" | "right") => {

application/state/sftp/useSftpTabsState.ts

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ interface SftpTabsState {
   getActivePane: (side: "left" | "right") => SftpPane | null;
   updateTab: (side: "left" | "right", tabId: string, updater: (pane: SftpPane) => SftpPane) => void;
   updateActiveTab: (side: "left" | "right", updater: (pane: SftpPane) => SftpPane) => void;
+  clearSelectionsExcept: (target: { side: "left" | "right"; tabId: string } | null) => void;
   setTabShowHiddenFiles: (side: "left" | "right", tabId: string, showHiddenFiles: boolean) => void;
   addTab: (side: "left" | "right") => string;
   closeTab: (side: "left" | "right", tabId: string) => void;
@@ -34,6 +35,8 @@ interface SftpTabsState {
   getActiveTabId: (side: "left" | "right") => string | null;
 }
 
+const EMPTY_SELECTION = new Set<string>();
+
 export const useSftpTabsState = ({
   defaultShowHiddenFiles = false,
 }: {
@@ -95,6 +98,31 @@ export const useSftpTabsState = ({
     [updateTab],
   );
 
+  const clearSelectionsExcept = useCallback(
+    (target: { side: "left" | "right"; tabId: string } | null) => {
+      const clearSideSelections = (
+        prev: SftpSideTabs,
+        side: "left" | "right",
+      ): SftpSideTabs => {
+        let changed = false;
+        const tabs = prev.tabs.map((tab) => {
+          const shouldKeepSelection =
+            target?.side === side && target.tabId === tab.id;
+          if (shouldKeepSelection || tab.selectedFiles.size === 0) {
+            return tab;
+          }
+          changed = true;
+          return { ...tab, selectedFiles: EMPTY_SELECTION };
+        });
+        return changed ? { ...prev, tabs } : prev;
+      };
+
+      setLeftTabs((prev) => clearSideSelections(prev, "left"));
+      setRightTabs((prev) => clearSideSelections(prev, "right"));
+    },
+    [],
+  );
+
   const setTabShowHiddenFiles = useCallback(
     (side: "left" | "right", tabId: string, showHiddenFiles: boolean) => {
       updateTab(side, tabId, (prev) => {
@@ -258,6 +286,7 @@ export const useSftpTabsState = ({
     getActivePane,
     updateTab,
     updateActiveTab,
+    clearSelectionsExcept,
     setTabShowHiddenFiles,
     addTab,
     closeTab,

application/state/useSftpState.ts

@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ export const useSftpState = (
     getActivePane,
     updateTab,
     updateActiveTab,
+    clearSelectionsExcept,
     setTabShowHiddenFiles,
     addTab,
     closeTab,
@@ -235,6 +236,7 @@ export const useSftpState = (
     listRemoteFiles,
     handleSessionError,
     isSessionError,
+    clearSelectionsExcept,
     dirCacheTtlMs: DIR_CACHE_TTL_MS,
   });
 
@@ -339,6 +341,7 @@ export const useSftpState = (
     toggleSelection,
     rangeSelect,
     clearSelection,
+    clearSelectionsExcept,
     selectAll,
     setFilter,
     setFilenameEncoding,
@@ -392,6 +395,7 @@ export const useSftpState = (
     toggleSelection,
     rangeSelect,
     clearSelection,
+    clearSelectionsExcept,
     selectAll,
     setFilter,
     setFilenameEncoding,
@@ -448,6 +452,8 @@ export const useSftpState = (
     toggleSelection: (...args: Parameters<typeof toggleSelection>) => methodsRef.current.toggleSelection(...args),
     rangeSelect: (...args: Parameters<typeof rangeSelect>) => methodsRef.current.rangeSelect(...args),
     clearSelection: (...args: Parameters<typeof clearSelection>) => methodsRef.current.clearSelection(...args),
+    clearSelectionsExcept: (...args: Parameters<typeof clearSelectionsExcept>) =>
+      methodsRef.current.clearSelectionsExcept(...args),
     selectAll: (...args: Parameters<typeof selectAll>) => methodsRef.current.selectAll(...args),
     setFilter: (...args: Parameters<typeof setFilter>) => methodsRef.current.setFilter(...args),
     setFilenameEncoding: (...args: Parameters<typeof setFilenameEncoding>) =>

components/AIChatSidePanel.tsx

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import { useI18n } from '../application/i18n/I18nProvider';
 import { useWindowControls } from '../application/state/useWindowControls';
 import { useFileUpload } from '../application/state/useFileUpload';
 import type {
+  AgentModelPreset,
   AIPermissionMode,
   AISession,
   AISessionScope,
@@ -43,6 +44,20 @@ import { clearAllPendingApprovals } from '../infrastructure/ai/shared/approvalGa
 import { useConversationExport } from './ai/hooks/useConversationExport';
 import type { ExecutorContext } from '../infrastructure/ai/cattyAgent/executor';
 
+function isCopilotAgentConfig(agent?: ExternalAgentConfig): boolean {
+  if (!agent) return false;
+  const tokens = [
+    agent.id,
+    agent.name,
+    agent.icon,
+    agent.command,
+    agent.acpCommand,
+  ]
+    .filter((value): value is string => typeof value === 'string' && value.length > 0)
+    .map((value) => value.split('/').pop()?.toLowerCase() ?? value.toLowerCase());
+  return tokens.some((token) => token.includes('copilot'));
+}
+
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Props
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -425,15 +440,62 @@ const AIChatSidePanelInner: React.FC<AIChatSidePanelProps> = ({
 
   const providerDisplayName = activeProvider?.name ?? '';
   const modelDisplayName = activeModelId || activeProvider?.defaultModel || '';
+  const [runtimeAgentModelPresets, setRuntimeAgentModelPresets] = useState<Record<string, AgentModelPreset[]>>({});
 
   // Agent model presets for the current external agent
   const currentAgentConfig = useMemo(
     () => currentAgentId !== 'catty' ? externalAgents.find(a => a.id === currentAgentId) : undefined,
     [currentAgentId, externalAgents],
   );
+  const isCopilotExternalAgent = useMemo(
+    () => isCopilotAgentConfig(currentAgentConfig),
+    [currentAgentConfig],
+  );
+
+  // Ref to read agentModelMap inside the effect without re-triggering it
+  // when setAgentModel updates the map (avoids double ACP spawn).
+  const agentModelMapRef = useRef(agentModelMap);
+  agentModelMapRef.current = agentModelMap;
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!currentAgentConfig?.acpCommand) return;
+    if (!isCopilotExternalAgent) return;
+
+    const bridge = getNetcattyBridge();
+    if (!bridge?.aiAcpListModels) return;
+
+    let cancelled = false;
+    void bridge.aiAcpListModels(
+      currentAgentConfig.acpCommand,
+      currentAgentConfig.acpArgs || [],
+      undefined,
+      undefined,
+      `models_${currentAgentId}`,
+    ).then((result) => {
+      if (cancelled || !result?.ok || !Array.isArray(result.models)) return;
+      const knownModelIds = new Set(result.models.map((model) => model.id));
+      setRuntimeAgentModelPresets((prev) => ({
+        ...prev,
+        [currentAgentId]: result.models ?? [],
+      }));
+      const storedModelId = agentModelMapRef.current[currentAgentId];
+      if (result.currentModelId && (!storedModelId || !knownModelIds.has(storedModelId))) {
+        setAgentModel(currentAgentId, result.currentModelId);
+      }
+    }).catch((err) => {
+      if (!cancelled) {
+        console.warn('[AIChatSidePanel] Failed to load ACP agent models:', err);
+      }
+    });
+
+    return () => {
+      cancelled = true;
+    };
+  }, [currentAgentConfig, currentAgentId, isCopilotExternalAgent, setAgentModel]);
+
   const agentModelPresets = useMemo(
-    () => getAgentModelPresets(currentAgentConfig?.command),
-    [currentAgentConfig?.command],
+    () => runtimeAgentModelPresets[currentAgentId] ?? getAgentModelPresets(currentAgentConfig?.command),
+    [currentAgentId, currentAgentConfig?.command, runtimeAgentModelPresets],
   );
 
   // Per-agent model: recall last selection or use first preset as default
@@ -593,7 +655,9 @@ const AIChatSidePanelInner: React.FC<AIChatSidePanelProps> = ({
     const assistantMsgId = generateId();
     addMessageToSession(sessionId, {
       id: assistantMsgId, role: 'assistant', content: '', timestamp: Date.now(),
-      model: isExternalAgent ? (agentConfig?.name || 'external') : (activeModelId || activeProvider?.defaultModel || ''),
+      model: isExternalAgent
+        ? (selectedAgentModel || agentConfig?.name || 'external')
+        : (activeModelId || activeProvider?.defaultModel || ''),
       providerId: isExternalAgent ? undefined : activeProvider?.providerId,
     });
 

components/DistroAvatar.tsx

@@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ const DistroAvatarInner: React.FC<DistroAvatarProps> = ({
 
   // Size variants - all use rounded corners for consistency
   const sizeClasses = {
-    sm: "h-6 w-6 rounded-md",
-    md: "h-11 w-11 rounded-xl",
+    sm: "h-6 w-6 rounded",
+    md: "h-11 w-11 rounded-lg",
     lg: "h-14 w-14 rounded-xl",
   };
   const iconSizes = {
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ const DistroAvatarInner: React.FC<DistroAvatarProps> = ({
       <div
         className={cn(
           containerClass,
-          "flex items-center justify-center border border-border/40 overflow-hidden",
+          "flex items-center justify-center overflow-hidden",
           bg,
           className,
         )}

components/SelectHostPanel.tsx

@@ -19,6 +19,12 @@ import { Input } from "./ui/input";
 import { ScrollArea } from "./ui/scroll-area";
 import { SortDropdown, SortMode } from "./ui/sort-dropdown";
 import { TagFilterDropdown } from "./ui/tag-filter-dropdown";
+import {
+  Tooltip,
+  TooltipContent,
+  TooltipProvider,
+  TooltipTrigger,
+} from "./ui/tooltip";
 
 interface SelectHostPanelProps {
   hosts: Host[];
@@ -198,6 +204,7 @@ const SelectHostPanel: React.FC<SelectHostPanelProps> = ({
   }, [currentPath]);
 
   return (
+    <TooltipProvider delayDuration={300}>
     <div
       className={cn(
         "absolute right-0 top-0 bottom-0 w-[380px] border-l border-border/60 bg-background z-40 flex flex-col app-no-drag",
@@ -271,7 +278,7 @@ const SelectHostPanel: React.FC<SelectHostPanelProps> = ({
 
       {/* Content */}
       <ScrollArea className="flex-1">
-        <div className="p-4 space-y-4">
+        <div className="p-3 space-y-3">
           {/* Breadcrumbs */}
           {currentPath && (
             <div className="flex items-center gap-1 text-xs text-muted-foreground">
@@ -301,20 +308,20 @@ const SelectHostPanel: React.FC<SelectHostPanelProps> = ({
           )}
           {groupsWithCounts.length > 0 && (
             <div>
-              <h4 className="text-sm font-semibold mb-3">{t("vault.groups.title")}</h4>
+              <h4 className="text-xs font-semibold mb-2 text-muted-foreground">{t("vault.groups.title")}</h4>
               <div className="space-y-1">
                 {groupsWithCounts.map((group) => (
                   <div
                     key={group.path}
-                    className="flex items-center gap-3 px-3 py-2.5 rounded-lg hover:bg-muted/70 cursor-pointer transition-colors"
+                    className="flex items-center gap-2.5 px-2.5 py-2 rounded-lg hover:bg-muted/70 cursor-pointer transition-colors"
                     onClick={() => setCurrentPath(group.path)}
                   >
-                    <div className="h-10 w-10 rounded-lg bg-primary/15 text-primary flex items-center justify-center">
-                      <LayoutGrid size={18} />
+                    <div className="h-8 w-8 rounded-lg bg-primary/15 text-primary flex items-center justify-center shrink-0">
+                      <LayoutGrid size={15} />
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex-1 min-w-0">
-                      <div className="font-medium">{group.name}</div>
-                      <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
+                      <div className="text-[13px] font-medium truncate">{group.name}</div>
+                      <div className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">
                         {t("vault.groups.hostsCount", { count: group.count })}
                       </div>
                     </div>
@@ -327,18 +334,19 @@ const SelectHostPanel: React.FC<SelectHostPanelProps> = ({
           {/* Hosts Section */}
           {filteredHosts.length > 0 && (
             <div>
-              <h4 className="text-sm font-semibold mb-3">{t("vault.nav.hosts")}</h4>
+              <h4 className="text-xs font-semibold mb-2 text-muted-foreground">{t("vault.nav.hosts")}</h4>
               <div className="space-y-1">
                 {filteredHosts.map((host) => {
                   const isSelected = selectedHostIds.includes(host.id);
+                  const connectionStr = `${host.username}@${host.hostname}:${host.port || 22}`;
 
                   return (
                     <div
                       key={host.id}
                       className={cn(
-                        "flex items-center gap-3 px-3 py-2.5 rounded-lg cursor-pointer transition-colors",
+                        "flex items-center gap-2.5 px-2.5 py-2 rounded-lg cursor-pointer transition-colors",
                         isSelected
-                          ? "bg-muted border border-border"
+                          ? "bg-muted"
                           : "hover:bg-muted/70",
                       )}
                       onClick={() => onSelect(host)}
@@ -346,16 +354,32 @@ const SelectHostPanel: React.FC<SelectHostPanelProps> = ({
                       <DistroAvatar
                         host={host}
                         fallback={host.os[0].toUpperCase()}
-                        className="h-10 w-10"
+                        className="h-8 w-8 rounded-md"
                       />
                       <div className="flex-1 min-w-0">
-                        <div className="font-medium">{host.label}</div>
-                        <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground truncate">
-                          {host.username}@{host.hostname}:{host.port || 22}
-                        </div>
+                        <Tooltip>
+                          <TooltipTrigger asChild>
+                            <div className="text-[13px] font-medium truncate">
+                              {host.label}
+                            </div>
+                          </TooltipTrigger>
+                          <TooltipContent side="top" align="start">
+                            <p>{host.label}</p>
+                          </TooltipContent>
+                        </Tooltip>
+                        <Tooltip>
+                          <TooltipTrigger asChild>
+                            <div className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground truncate">
+                              {connectionStr}
+                            </div>
+                          </TooltipTrigger>
+                          <TooltipContent side="top" align="start">
+                            <p>{connectionStr}</p>
+                          </TooltipContent>
+                        </Tooltip>
                       </div>
                       {isSelected && (
-                        <Check size={16} className="text-primary" />
+                        <Check size={14} className="text-primary shrink-0" />
                       )}
                     </div>
                   );
@@ -413,6 +437,7 @@ const SelectHostPanel: React.FC<SelectHostPanelProps> = ({
         />
       )}
     </div>
+    </TooltipProvider>
   );
 };
 

components/SftpSidePanel.tsx

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ import { useSftpViewPaneCallbacks } from "./sftp/hooks/useSftpViewPaneCallbacks"
 import { useSftpViewTabs } from "./sftp/hooks/useSftpViewTabs";
 import { useSftpKeyboardShortcuts } from "./sftp/hooks/useSftpKeyboardShortcuts";
 import { sftpFocusStore } from "./sftp/hooks/useSftpFocusedPane";
+import { keepOnlyPaneSelections } from "./sftp/hooks/selectionScope";
 import { KeyBinding, HotkeyScheme } from "../domain/models";
 
 interface SftpSidePanelProps {
@@ -130,12 +131,14 @@ const SftpSidePanelInner: React.FC<SftpSidePanelProps> = ({
   const autoSyncRef = useRef(sftpAutoSync);
   autoSyncRef.current = sftpAutoSync;
   const panelRootRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
+  const dialogActionScopeIdRef = useRef(`sftp-side-panel:${crypto.randomUUID()}`);
   const [hasPaneFocus, setHasPaneFocus] = useState(false);
 
   useSftpKeyboardShortcuts({
     keyBindings,
     hotkeyScheme,
     sftpRef,
+    dialogActionScopeId: dialogActionScopeIdRef.current,
     isActive: isVisible && hasPaneFocus,
   });
 
@@ -149,10 +152,19 @@ const SftpSidePanelInner: React.FC<SftpSidePanelProps> = ({
     sftpRef.current.setShowHiddenFiles("left", paneId, !pane.showHiddenFiles);
   }, []);
 
+  const syncFocusedSelection = useCallback((tabId: string | null) => {
+    if (tabId) {
+      keepOnlyPaneSelections(sftpRef.current, { side: "left", tabId });
+      return;
+    }
+    keepOnlyPaneSelections(sftpRef.current, null);
+  }, []);
+
   const handlePaneFocus = useCallback(() => {
     sftpFocusStore.setFocusedSide("left");
     setHasPaneFocus(true);
-  }, []);
+    syncFocusedSelection(sftpRef.current.getActiveTabId("left"));
+  }, [syncFocusedSelection]);
 
   // NOTE: We intentionally do NOT sync to activeTabStore here.
   // activeTabStore is a global singleton shared with SftpView.
@@ -161,19 +173,30 @@ const SftpSidePanelInner: React.FC<SftpSidePanelProps> = ({
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!isVisible) {
       setHasPaneFocus(false);
+      syncFocusedSelection(null);
     }
-  }, [isVisible]);
+  }, [isVisible, syncFocusedSelection]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!isVisible) return;
 
     const handlePointerDown = (event: PointerEvent) => {
       const target = event.target as Node | null;
+      const elementTarget = target instanceof Element ? target : null;
+      const isPortalInteraction = !!elementTarget?.closest(
+        '#netcatty-context-menu-root, [role="dialog"], [data-radix-popper-content-wrapper]',
+      );
+      if (isPortalInteraction) {
+        return;
+      }
+
       if (panelRootRef.current?.contains(target)) {
         sftpFocusStore.setFocusedSide("left");
         setHasPaneFocus(true);
+        syncFocusedSelection(sftpRef.current.getActiveTabId("left"));
       } else {
         setHasPaneFocus(false);
+        syncFocusedSelection(null);
       }
     };
 
@@ -181,7 +204,7 @@ const SftpSidePanelInner: React.FC<SftpSidePanelProps> = ({
     return () => {
       document.removeEventListener("pointerdown", handlePointerDown, true);
     };
-  }, [isVisible]);
+  }, [isVisible, syncFocusedSelection]);
 
   const {
     leftCallbacks,
@@ -599,10 +622,12 @@ const SftpSidePanelInner: React.FC<SftpSidePanelProps> = ({
                 <SftpPaneView
                   side="left"
                   pane={pane}
+                  dialogActionScopeId={dialogActionScopeIdRef.current}
                   isPaneFocused={isVisible && hasPaneFocus}
                   sftpDefaultViewMode={sftpDefaultViewMode}
                   showHeader
                   showEmptyHeader
+                  forceActive
                   onToggleShowHiddenFiles={() => handleToggleHiddenFiles(pane.id)}
                   onGoToTerminalCwd={onGetTerminalCwd ? handleGoToTerminalCwd : undefined}
                 />

components/SftpView.tsx

@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ import { useSftpViewPaneCallbacks } from "./sftp/hooks/useSftpViewPaneCallbacks"
 import { useSftpViewTabs } from "./sftp/hooks/useSftpViewTabs";
 import { useSftpKeyboardShortcuts } from "./sftp/hooks/useSftpKeyboardShortcuts";
 import { sftpFocusStore, SftpFocusedSide, useSftpFocusedSide } from "./sftp/hooks/useSftpFocusedPane";
+import { keepOnlyActivePaneSelections, keepOnlyPaneSelections } from "./sftp/hooks/selectionScope";
+
 
 // Wrapper component that subscribes to activeTabId for CSS visibility
 // This isolates the activeTabId subscription - only this component re-renders on tab switch
@@ -79,6 +81,7 @@ const SftpViewInner: React.FC<SftpViewProps> = ({
   const { t } = useI18n();
   const isActive = useIsSftpActive();
   const rootRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
+  const dialogActionScopeIdRef = useRef("sftp-main-view");
 
   useInstantThemeSwitch(rootRef);
 
@@ -132,6 +135,7 @@ const SftpViewInner: React.FC<SftpViewProps> = ({
     keyBindings,
     hotkeyScheme,
     sftpRef,
+    dialogActionScopeId: dialogActionScopeIdRef.current,
     isActive,
   });
 
@@ -139,8 +143,18 @@ const SftpViewInner: React.FC<SftpViewProps> = ({
   const focusedSide = useSftpFocusedSide();
 
   // Handle pane focus when clicking on a pane container
-  const handlePaneFocus = useCallback((side: SftpFocusedSide) => {
+  // Clear the opposite side's selection so file operations only affect the focused pane
+  const handlePaneFocus = useCallback((side: SftpFocusedSide, targetTabId?: string) => {
+    const prevSide = sftpFocusStore.getFocusedSide();
     sftpFocusStore.setFocusedSide(side);
+    if (prevSide !== side) {
+      if (targetTabId) {
+        keepOnlyPaneSelections(sftpRef.current, { side, tabId: targetTabId });
+      } else {
+        // Focus side changed — clear other panes but keep the newly focused pane intact.
+        keepOnlyActivePaneSelections(sftpRef.current, side);
+      }
+    }
   }, []);
 
   const handleToggleHiddenFiles = useCallback((side: "left" | "right", paneId: string) => {
@@ -255,6 +269,26 @@ const SftpViewInner: React.FC<SftpViewProps> = ({
     handleHostSelectRight,
   } = useSftpViewTabs({ sftp, sftpRef });
 
+  const handleAddTabLeftWithFocus = useCallback(() => {
+    const tabId = handleAddTabLeft();
+    handlePaneFocus("left", tabId);
+  }, [handleAddTabLeft, handlePaneFocus]);
+
+  const handleAddTabRightWithFocus = useCallback(() => {
+    const tabId = handleAddTabRight();
+    handlePaneFocus("right", tabId);
+  }, [handleAddTabRight, handlePaneFocus]);
+
+  const handleSelectTabLeftWithFocus = useCallback((tabId: string) => {
+    handleSelectTabLeft(tabId);
+    handlePaneFocus("left", tabId);
+  }, [handlePaneFocus, handleSelectTabLeft]);
+
+  const handleSelectTabRightWithFocus = useCallback((tabId: string) => {
+    handleSelectTabRight(tabId);
+    handlePaneFocus("right", tabId);
+  }, [handlePaneFocus, handleSelectTabRight]);
+
   return (
     <SftpContextProvider
       hosts={hosts}
@@ -295,9 +329,9 @@ const SftpViewInner: React.FC<SftpViewProps> = ({
               <SftpTabBar
                 tabs={leftTabsInfo}
                 side="left"
-                onSelectTab={handleSelectTabLeft}
+                onSelectTab={handleSelectTabLeftWithFocus}
                 onCloseTab={handleCloseTabLeft}
-                onAddTab={handleAddTabLeft}
+                onAddTab={handleAddTabLeftWithFocus}
                 onReorderTabs={handleReorderTabsLeft}
                 onMoveTabToOtherSide={handleMoveTabFromRightToLeft}
               />
@@ -313,6 +347,7 @@ const SftpViewInner: React.FC<SftpViewProps> = ({
                   <SftpPaneView
                     side="left"
                     pane={pane}
+                    dialogActionScopeId={dialogActionScopeIdRef.current}
                     isPaneFocused={focusedSide === "left"}
                     sftpDefaultViewMode={sftpDefaultViewMode}
                     showHeader
@@ -354,9 +389,9 @@ const SftpViewInner: React.FC<SftpViewProps> = ({
               <SftpTabBar
                 tabs={rightTabsInfo}
                 side="right"
-                onSelectTab={handleSelectTabRight}
+                onSelectTab={handleSelectTabRightWithFocus}
                 onCloseTab={handleCloseTabRight}
-                onAddTab={handleAddTabRight}
+                onAddTab={handleAddTabRightWithFocus}
                 onReorderTabs={handleReorderTabsRight}
                 onMoveTabToOtherSide={handleMoveTabFromLeftToRight}
               />
@@ -372,6 +407,7 @@ const SftpViewInner: React.FC<SftpViewProps> = ({
                   <SftpPaneView
                     side="right"
                     pane={pane}
+                    dialogActionScopeId={dialogActionScopeIdRef.current}
                     isPaneFocused={focusedSide === "right"}
                     sftpDefaultViewMode={sftpDefaultViewMode}
                     showHeader

components/Terminal.tsx

@@ -44,6 +44,8 @@ import { TerminalToolbar } from "./terminal/TerminalToolbar";
 import { TerminalComposeBar } from "./terminal/TerminalComposeBar";
 import { TerminalContextMenu } from "./terminal/TerminalContextMenu";
 import { TerminalSearchBar } from "./terminal/TerminalSearchBar";
+import { ZmodemProgressIndicator } from "./terminal/ZmodemProgressIndicator";
+import { useZmodemTransfer } from "./terminal/hooks/useZmodemTransfer";
 import { createTerminalSessionStarters, type PendingAuth } from "./terminal/runtime/createTerminalSessionStarters";
 import { createXTermRuntime, type XTermRuntime } from "./terminal/runtime/createXTermRuntime";
 import { XTERM_PERFORMANCE_CONFIG } from "../infrastructure/config/xtermPerformance";
@@ -500,6 +502,27 @@ const TerminalComponent: React.FC<TerminalProps> = ({
     isVisible,
   });
 
+  const zmodem = useZmodemTransfer(sessionId);
+
+  const zmodemToastedRef = useRef(false);
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (zmodem.active) {
+      zmodemToastedRef.current = false;
+      return;
+    }
+    if (zmodemToastedRef.current) return;
+    if (zmodem.error) {
+      zmodemToastedRef.current = true;
+      toast.error(zmodem.error, 'ZMODEM');
+    } else if (zmodem.filename) {
+      zmodemToastedRef.current = true;
+      toast.success(
+        `${zmodem.transferType === 'upload' ? 'Uploaded' : 'Downloaded'}: ${zmodem.filename}`,
+        'ZMODEM',
+      );
+    }
+  }, [zmodem.active, zmodem.error, zmodem.filename, zmodem.transferType]);
+
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!error) {
       lastToastedErrorRef.current = null;
@@ -1963,6 +1986,7 @@ const TerminalComponent: React.FC<TerminalProps> = ({
                 containerRef={containerRef}
                 onRequestReposition={autocomplete.repositionPopup}
                 searchBarOffset={isSearchOpen ? 64 : 30}
+                onDismiss={autocompleteClosePopup}
               />,
               document.body,
             )
@@ -2047,6 +2071,22 @@ const TerminalComponent: React.FC<TerminalProps> = ({
                 }}
               />
             )}
+
+          {/* ZMODEM transfer progress indicator */}
+          {zmodem.active && (
+            <div className="absolute bottom-4 right-4 z-[25] pointer-events-auto">
+              <ZmodemProgressIndicator
+                transferType={zmodem.transferType}
+                filename={zmodem.filename}
+                transferred={zmodem.transferred}
+                total={zmodem.total}
+                fileIndex={zmodem.fileIndex}
+                fileCount={zmodem.fileCount}
+                finalizing={zmodem.finalizing}
+                onCancel={zmodem.cancel}
+              />
+            </div>
+          )}
         </div>
 
         {/* Compose Bar (solo sessions only; workspace uses TerminalLayer's global bar) */}

components/ai/AgentIconBadge.tsx

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ type AgentLike = {
 
 type AgentIconKey =
   | 'catty'
+  | 'copilot'
   | 'openai'
   | 'claude'
   | 'anthropic'
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ type AgentIconKey =
   | 'openrouter'
   | 'zed'
   | 'atom'
-| 'terminal'
+  | 'terminal'
   | 'plus';
 
 type AgentIconVisual = {
@@ -35,6 +36,11 @@ const AGENT_ICON_VISUALS: Record<AgentIconKey, AgentIconVisual> = {
     badgeClassName: 'border-violet-500/20 bg-violet-500/10',
     imageClassName: 'object-contain dark:brightness-0 dark:invert opacity-90',
   },
+  copilot: {
+    src: '/ai/agents/copilot.svg',
+    badgeClassName: 'border-zinc-300 bg-white',
+    imageClassName: 'object-contain brightness-0',
+  },
   openai: {
     src: '/ai/providers/openai.svg',
     badgeClassName: 'border-emerald-500/22 bg-emerald-500/12',
@@ -115,6 +121,9 @@ function getAgentIconKey(agent: AgentLike | 'add-more'): AgentIconKey {
   if (tokens.some((token) => token.includes('claude'))) {
     return 'claude';
   }
+  if (tokens.some((token) => token.includes('copilot'))) {
+    return 'copilot';
+  }
   if (tokens.some((token) => token.includes('anthropic'))) {
     return 'anthropic';
   }
@@ -160,7 +169,8 @@ export const AgentIconBadge: React.FC<{
   variant?: 'plain' | 'badge';
   className?: string;
 }> = ({ agent, size = 'md', variant = 'badge', className }) => {
-  const visual = AGENT_ICON_VISUALS[getAgentIconKey(agent)];
+  const iconKey = getAgentIconKey(agent);
+  const visual = AGENT_ICON_VISUALS[iconKey];
   const badgeSize =
     size === 'xs'
       ? 'h-4 w-4 rounded-sm'

components/ai/AgentSelector.tsx

@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@ import { ChevronDown, RefreshCw, Plus, Settings } from 'lucide-react';
 import React, { useCallback, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
 import { cn } from '../../lib/utils';
 import { useI18n } from '../../application/i18n/I18nProvider';
+import {
+  isSettingsManagedDiscoveredAgent,
+  matchesManagedAgentConfig,
+} from '../../infrastructure/ai/managedAgents';
 import type { AgentInfo, ExternalAgentConfig, DiscoveredAgent } from '../../infrastructure/ai/types';
 import AgentIconBadge from './AgentIconBadge';
 import {
@@ -140,7 +144,12 @@ const AgentSelector: React.FC<AgentSelectorProps> = ({
   const unconfiguredDiscovered = useMemo(
     () =>
       discoveredAgents.filter(
-        (da) => !externalAgents.some((ea) => ea.command === da.command || ea.command === da.path),
+        (da) => {
+          if (isSettingsManagedDiscoveredAgent(da)) {
+            return !externalAgents.some((ea) => matchesManagedAgentConfig(ea, da.command));
+          }
+          return !externalAgents.some((ea) => ea.command === da.command || ea.command === da.path);
+        },
       ),
     [discoveredAgents, externalAgents],
   );

components/ai/ChatMessageList.tsx

@@ -238,8 +238,13 @@ const ChatMessageList: React.FC<ChatMessageListProps> = ({ messages, isStreaming
                       </MessageResponse>
                 )}
 
-                {/* Tool calls */}
-                {message.toolCalls?.map((tc) => {
+                {/* Pending tool calls from the *last* assistant message are rendered
+                    after all tool-result messages (see below) for chronological order.
+                    Unresolved tool calls from earlier or cancelled messages are shown
+                    inline — as interrupted, or with approval controls if still pending. */}
+                {(message !== lastAssistantMessage || message.executionStatus === 'cancelled') && message.toolCalls?.filter((tc) =>
+                  !resolvedToolCallIds.has(tc.id),
+                ).map((tc) => {
                   const isPending = pendingApprovals.has(tc.id);
                   const resolved = resolvedApprovals.get(tc.id);
                   const approvalStatus = isPending
@@ -249,14 +254,12 @@ const ChatMessageList: React.FC<ChatMessageListProps> = ({ messages, isStreaming
                       : resolved === false
                         ? 'denied' as const
                         : undefined;
-
                   return (
                     <ToolCall
                       key={tc.id}
                       name={tc.name}
                       args={tc.arguments}
-                      isLoading={isThisStreaming && message.executionStatus === 'running' && !isPending}
-                      isInterrupted={message.executionStatus === 'cancelled' && !resolvedToolCallIds.has(tc.id)}
+                      isInterrupted={!isPending}
                       approvalStatus={approvalStatus}
                       onApprove={() => handleApprove(tc.id)}
                       onReject={() => handleReject(tc.id)}
@@ -290,6 +293,33 @@ const ChatMessageList: React.FC<ChatMessageListProps> = ({ messages, isStreaming
           );
         })}
 
+        {/* Pending tool calls from the last assistant message — rendered here
+            (after all tool-result messages) so they appear at the bottom. */}
+        {lastAssistantMessage?.toolCalls?.filter((tc) =>
+          !resolvedToolCallIds.has(tc.id) && lastAssistantMessage.executionStatus !== 'cancelled',
+        ).map((tc) => {
+          const isPending = pendingApprovals.has(tc.id);
+          const resolved = resolvedApprovals.get(tc.id);
+          const approvalStatus = isPending
+            ? 'pending' as const
+            : resolved === true
+              ? 'approved' as const
+              : resolved === false
+                ? 'denied' as const
+                : undefined;
+          return (
+            <ToolCall
+              key={tc.id}
+              name={tc.name}
+              args={tc.arguments}
+              isLoading={isStreaming && lastAssistantMessage.executionStatus === 'running' && !isPending}
+              approvalStatus={approvalStatus}
+              onApprove={() => handleApprove(tc.id)}
+              onReject={() => handleReject(tc.id)}
+            />
+          );
+        })}
+
         {/* Standalone MCP/ACP approval requests (not tied to SDK tool calls) */}
         {Array.from(pendingApprovals.entries())
           .filter((entry) => entry[0].startsWith('mcp_approval_') && (!activeSessionId || entry[1].chatSessionId === activeSessionId))

components/ai/hooks/useAIChatStreaming.ts

@@ -112,6 +112,13 @@ export interface PanelBridge extends NetcattyBridge {
   aiSyncProviders?: (providers: Array<{ id: string; providerId: string; apiKey?: string; baseURL?: string; enabled: boolean }>) => Promise<{ ok: boolean }>;
   aiSyncWebSearch?: (apiHost: string | null, apiKey: string | null) => Promise<{ ok: boolean }>;
   aiMcpUpdateSessions?: (sessions: TerminalSessionInfo[], chatSessionId?: string) => Promise<unknown>;
+  aiAcpListModels?: (
+    acpCommand: string,
+    acpArgs?: string[],
+    cwd?: string,
+    providerId?: string,
+    chatSessionId?: string,
+  ) => Promise<{ ok: boolean; models?: Array<{ id: string; name: string; description?: string }>; currentModelId?: string | null; error?: string }>;
   aiAcpCleanup?: (chatSessionId: string) => Promise<{ ok: boolean }>;
   [key: string]: ((...args: unknown[]) => unknown) | undefined;
 }

components/port-forwarding/WizardContent.tsx

@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ export const WizardContent: React.FC<WizardContentProps> = ({
                     >
                         {selectedHost ? (
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 w-full">
-                                <DistroAvatar host={selectedHost} fallback={selectedHost.os[0].toUpperCase()} className="h-6 w-6" />
+                                <DistroAvatar host={selectedHost} fallback={selectedHost.os[0].toUpperCase()} size="sm" />
                                 <span>{selectedHost.label}</span>
                                 <Check size={14} className="ml-auto" />
                             </div>
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ export const WizardContent: React.FC<WizardContentProps> = ({
                     >
                         {selectedHost ? (
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 w-full">
-                                <DistroAvatar host={selectedHost} fallback={selectedHost.os[0].toUpperCase()} className="h-6 w-6" />
+                                <DistroAvatar host={selectedHost} fallback={selectedHost.os[0].toUpperCase()} size="sm" />
                                 <span>{selectedHost.label}</span>
                                 <Check size={14} className="ml-auto" />
                             </div>

components/settings/tabs/SettingsAITab.tsx

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  *   - SafetySettings
  */
 import { Bot, Globe } from "lucide-react";
-import React, { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from "react";
+import React, { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from "react";
 import type {
   AIPermissionMode,
   AIProviderId,
@@ -16,8 +16,12 @@ import type {
   ProviderConfig,
   WebSearchConfig,
 } from "../../../infrastructure/ai/types";
+import {
+  getManagedAgentStoredPath,
+  matchesManagedAgentConfig,
+  type ManagedAgentKey,
+} from "../../../infrastructure/ai/managedAgents";
 import { PROVIDER_PRESETS } from "../../../infrastructure/ai/types";
-import { useAgentDiscovery } from "../../../application/state/useAgentDiscovery";
 import { useI18n } from "../../../application/i18n/I18nProvider";
 import { TabsContent } from "../../ui/tabs";
 import { Select, SettingRow } from "../settings-ui";
@@ -38,6 +42,7 @@ import { ProviderCard } from "./ai/ProviderCard";
 import { AddProviderDropdown } from "./ai/AddProviderDropdown";
 import { CodexConnectionCard } from "./ai/CodexConnectionCard";
 import { ClaudeCodeCard } from "./ai/ClaudeCodeCard";
+import { CopilotCliCard } from "./ai/CopilotCliCard";
 import { SafetySettings } from "./ai/SafetySettings";
 import { WebSearchSettings } from "./ai/WebSearchSettings";
 
@@ -70,6 +75,54 @@ interface SettingsAITabProps {
   setWebSearchConfig: (config: WebSearchConfig | null) => void;
 }
 
+function areExternalAgentListsEqual(
+  left: ExternalAgentConfig[],
+  right: ExternalAgentConfig[],
+): boolean {
+  if (left.length !== right.length) return false;
+  return left.every((agent, index) => JSON.stringify(agent) === JSON.stringify(right[index]));
+}
+
+function buildManagedAgentState(
+  prevAgents: ExternalAgentConfig[],
+  defaultAgentId: string,
+  agentKey: ManagedAgentKey,
+  pathInfo: AgentPathInfo | null,
+): { agents: ExternalAgentConfig[]; defaultAgentId: string } {
+  const managedId = `discovered_${agentKey}`;
+  const managedAgents = prevAgents.filter((agent) => matchesManagedAgentConfig(agent, agentKey));
+  const otherAgents = prevAgents.filter((agent) => !matchesManagedAgentConfig(agent, agentKey));
+  const storedPath = getManagedAgentStoredPath(prevAgents, agentKey);
+
+  if (!pathInfo?.available || !pathInfo.path) {
+    return {
+      agents: storedPath ? prevAgents : otherAgents,
+      defaultAgentId: storedPath
+        ? defaultAgentId
+        : managedAgents.some((agent) => agent.id === defaultAgentId)
+          ? "catty"
+          : defaultAgentId,
+    };
+  }
+
+  const existingManaged = managedAgents.find((agent) => agent.id === managedId);
+  const defaults = AGENT_DEFAULTS[agentKey];
+  const nextManagedAgent: ExternalAgentConfig = {
+    ...existingManaged,
+    ...defaults,
+    id: managedId,
+    command: pathInfo.path,
+    enabled: managedAgents.length === 0 ? true : managedAgents.some((agent) => agent.enabled),
+  };
+
+  return {
+    agents: [...otherAgents, nextManagedAgent],
+    defaultAgentId: managedAgents.some((agent) => agent.id === defaultAgentId)
+      ? managedId
+      : defaultAgentId,
+  };
+}
+
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Main Tab Component
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -113,58 +166,44 @@ const SettingsAITab: React.FC<SettingsAITabProps> = ({
   const [claudePathInfo, setClaudePathInfo] = useState<AgentPathInfo | null>(null);
   const [claudeCustomPath, setClaudeCustomPath] = useState("");
   const [isResolvingClaude, setIsResolvingClaude] = useState(false);
+  const initialManagedPathsRef = useRef<{
+    codex: string;
+    claude: string;
+    copilot: string;
+  } | null>(null);
+  if (!initialManagedPathsRef.current) {
+    initialManagedPathsRef.current = {
+      codex: getManagedAgentStoredPath(externalAgents, "codex") ?? "",
+      claude: getManagedAgentStoredPath(externalAgents, "claude") ?? "",
+      copilot: getManagedAgentStoredPath(externalAgents, "copilot") ?? "",
+    };
+  }
 
-  const {
-    discoveredAgents,
-    isDiscovering,
-    enableAgent,
-  } = useAgentDiscovery(externalAgents, setExternalAgents);
+  const [copilotPathInfo, setCopilotPathInfo] = useState<AgentPathInfo | null>(null);
+  const [copilotCustomPath, setCopilotCustomPath] = useState("");
+  const [isResolvingCopilot, setIsResolvingCopilot] = useState(false);
 
-  // Derive path info from discovery results
-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (isDiscovering) return;
+  // Ref to read current defaultAgentId without adding it as a dependency.
+  const defaultAgentIdRef = useRef(defaultAgentId);
+  defaultAgentIdRef.current = defaultAgentId;
 
-    const codex = discoveredAgents.find((a) => a.command === "codex");
-    setCodexPathInfo(
-      codex
-        ? { path: codex.path, version: codex.version, available: true }
-        : { path: null, version: null, available: false },
-    );
-
-    const claude = discoveredAgents.find((a) => a.command === "claude");
-    setClaudePathInfo(
-      claude
-        ? { path: claude.path, version: claude.version, available: true }
-        : { path: null, version: null, available: false },
-    );
-  }, [isDiscovering, discoveredAgents]);
-
-  // Auto-register discovered agents in externalAgents
-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (isDiscovering || discoveredAgents.length === 0) return;
-
-    setExternalAgents((prev) => {
-      const agentsToRegister: ExternalAgentConfig[] = [];
-
-      for (const da of discoveredAgents) {
-        if (da.command !== "codex" && da.command !== "claude") continue;
-        const agentId = `discovered_${da.command}`;
-        if (prev.some((ea) => ea.id === agentId)) continue;
-        agentsToRegister.push(enableAgent(da));
-      }
-
-      return agentsToRegister.length > 0 ? [...prev, ...agentsToRegister] : prev;
-    });
-  }, [isDiscovering, discoveredAgents, enableAgent, setExternalAgents]);
-
-  // Validate a custom path for an agent
-  const handleCheckCustomPath = useCallback(async (agentKey: "codex" | "claude") => {
+  const resolveAgentPath = useCallback(async (
+    agentKey: ManagedAgentKey,
+    customPath = "",
+  ) => {
     const bridge = getBridge();
-    if (!bridge?.aiResolveCli) return;
+    if (!bridge?.aiResolveCli) return null;
 
-    const customPath = agentKey === "codex" ? codexCustomPath : claudeCustomPath;
-    const setInfo = agentKey === "codex" ? setCodexPathInfo : setClaudePathInfo;
-    const setResolving = agentKey === "codex" ? setIsResolvingCodex : setIsResolvingClaude;
+    const setInfo = agentKey === "codex"
+      ? setCodexPathInfo
+      : agentKey === "claude"
+        ? setClaudePathInfo
+        : setCopilotPathInfo;
+    const setResolving = agentKey === "codex"
+      ? setIsResolvingCodex
+      : agentKey === "claude"
+        ? setIsResolvingClaude
+        : setIsResolvingCopilot;
 
     setResolving(true);
     try {
@@ -174,32 +213,48 @@ const SettingsAITab: React.FC<SettingsAITabProps> = ({
       });
       setInfo(result);
 
-      // Register/update in externalAgents if valid
-      if (result.available && result.path) {
-        const agentId = `discovered_${agentKey}`;
-        const defaults = AGENT_DEFAULTS[agentKey];
-        setExternalAgents((prev) => {
-          const idx = prev.findIndex((a) => a.id === agentId);
-          const config: ExternalAgentConfig = {
-            id: agentId,
-            command: result.path!,
-            enabled: true,
-            ...defaults,
-          };
-          if (idx >= 0) {
-            const updated = [...prev];
-            updated[idx] = { ...updated[idx], command: result.path! };
-            return updated;
-          }
-          return [...prev, config];
-        });
+      // Consolidate managed agent entries using the callback form of
+      // setExternalAgents so we never depend on externalAgents directly.
+      // All three agents resolve concurrently on mount — React runs
+      // state updater callbacks sequentially, so updating the ref inside
+      // ensures later calls see earlier defaultAgentId changes.
+      let nextDefaultId: string | null = null;
+      setExternalAgents((prev) => {
+        const state = buildManagedAgentState(prev, defaultAgentIdRef.current, agentKey, result);
+        if (state.defaultAgentId !== defaultAgentIdRef.current) {
+          nextDefaultId = state.defaultAgentId;
+          defaultAgentIdRef.current = state.defaultAgentId;
+        }
+        return areExternalAgentListsEqual(prev, state.agents) ? prev : state.agents;
+      });
+      if (nextDefaultId !== null) {
+        setDefaultAgentId(nextDefaultId);
       }
+
+      return result;
     } catch (err) {
       console.error("Path resolution failed:", err);
+      return null;
     } finally {
       setResolving(false);
     }
-  }, [codexCustomPath, claudeCustomPath, setExternalAgents]);
+  }, [setExternalAgents, setDefaultAgentId]);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    void resolveAgentPath("codex", initialManagedPathsRef.current?.codex ?? "");
+    void resolveAgentPath("claude", initialManagedPathsRef.current?.claude ?? "");
+    void resolveAgentPath("copilot", initialManagedPathsRef.current?.copilot ?? "");
+  }, [resolveAgentPath]);
+
+  // Validate a custom path for an agent
+  const handleCheckCustomPath = useCallback(async (agentKey: ManagedAgentKey) => {
+    const customPath = agentKey === "codex"
+      ? codexCustomPath
+      : agentKey === "claude"
+        ? claudeCustomPath
+        : copilotCustomPath;
+    await resolveAgentPath(agentKey, customPath);
+  }, [claudeCustomPath, codexCustomPath, copilotCustomPath, resolveAgentPath]);
 
   // Add a new provider from preset
   const handleAddProvider = useCallback(
@@ -457,7 +512,7 @@ const SettingsAITab: React.FC<SettingsAITabProps> = ({
 
             <CodexConnectionCard
               pathInfo={codexPathInfo}
-              isResolvingPath={isDiscovering || isResolvingCodex}
+              isResolvingPath={isResolvingCodex}
               customPath={codexCustomPath}
               onCustomPathChange={setCodexCustomPath}
               onRecheckPath={() => void handleCheckCustomPath("codex")}
@@ -483,13 +538,29 @@ const SettingsAITab: React.FC<SettingsAITabProps> = ({
 
             <ClaudeCodeCard
               pathInfo={claudePathInfo}
-              isResolvingPath={isDiscovering || isResolvingClaude}
+              isResolvingPath={isResolvingClaude}
               customPath={claudeCustomPath}
               onCustomPathChange={setClaudeCustomPath}
               onRecheckPath={() => void handleCheckCustomPath("claude")}
             />
           </div>
 
+          {/* -- GitHub Copilot CLI Section -- */}
+          <div className="space-y-4">
+            <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+              <ProviderIconBadge providerId="copilot" size="sm" />
+              <h3 className="text-base font-medium">{t('ai.copilot.title')}</h3>
+            </div>
+
+            <CopilotCliCard
+              pathInfo={copilotPathInfo}
+              isResolvingPath={isResolvingCopilot}
+              customPath={copilotCustomPath}
+              onCustomPathChange={setCopilotCustomPath}
+              onRecheckPath={() => void handleCheckCustomPath("copilot")}
+            />
+          </div>
+
           {/* -- Default Agent Section -- */}
           {agentOptions.length > 1 && (
             <div className="space-y-4">
@@ -507,7 +578,7 @@ const SettingsAITab: React.FC<SettingsAITabProps> = ({
                     value={defaultAgentId}
                     options={agentOptions}
                     onChange={setDefaultAgentId}
-                    className="w-48"
+                    className="w-64"
                   />
                 </SettingRow>
               </div>

components/settings/tabs/ai/CopilotCliCard.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+import React from "react";
+import { RefreshCw } from "lucide-react";
+import { useI18n } from "../../../../application/i18n/I18nProvider";
+import { Button } from "../../../ui/button";
+import { cn } from "../../../../lib/utils";
+import type { AgentPathInfo } from "./types";
+import { ProviderIconBadge } from "./ProviderIconBadge";
+
+export const CopilotCliCard: React.FC<{
+  pathInfo: AgentPathInfo | null;
+  isResolvingPath: boolean;
+  customPath: string;
+  onCustomPathChange: (path: string) => void;
+  onRecheckPath: () => void;
+}> = ({
+  pathInfo,
+  isResolvingPath,
+  customPath,
+  onCustomPathChange,
+  onRecheckPath,
+}) => {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
+  const found = pathInfo?.available;
+
+  const statusText = isResolvingPath
+    ? t('ai.copilot.detecting')
+    : found
+      ? t('ai.copilot.detected')
+      : t('ai.copilot.notFound');
+
+  const statusClassName = isResolvingPath
+    ? "text-muted-foreground"
+    : found
+      ? "text-emerald-500"
+      : "text-amber-500";
+
+  return (
+    <div className="rounded-lg border border-border/60 bg-muted/20 p-4 space-y-3">
+      <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4">
+        <div className="min-w-0">
+          <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+            <ProviderIconBadge providerId="copilot" size="sm" />
+            <span className="text-sm font-medium">{t('ai.copilot.title')}</span>
+          </div>
+          <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mt-2 leading-5">
+            {t('ai.copilot.description')}
+          </p>
+        </div>
+        <div className={cn("text-xs font-medium shrink-0", statusClassName)}>
+          {statusText}
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      {found ? (
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs">
+          <span className="text-muted-foreground">{t('ai.copilot.path')}</span>
+          <span className="font-mono text-foreground truncate">{pathInfo.path}</span>
+          {pathInfo.version && (
+            <>
+              <span className="text-muted-foreground">|</span>
+              <span className="text-muted-foreground">{pathInfo.version}</span>
+            </>
+          )}
+        </div>
+      ) : !isResolvingPath ? (
+        <div className="space-y-2">
+          <p className="text-xs text-amber-500">
+            {t('ai.copilot.notFoundHint')}
+          </p>
+          <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+            <input
+              type="text"
+              value={customPath}
+              onChange={(e) => onCustomPathChange(e.target.value)}
+              placeholder={t('ai.copilot.customPathPlaceholder')}
+              className="flex-1 h-8 rounded-md border border-input bg-background px-3 text-sm font-mono placeholder:text-muted-foreground focus-visible:outline-none focus-visible:ring-1 focus-visible:ring-ring"
+            />
+            <Button variant="outline" size="sm" onClick={onRecheckPath} disabled={!customPath.trim()}>
+              <RefreshCw size={14} className="mr-1.5" />
+              {t('ai.copilot.check')}
+            </Button>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      ) : null}
+    </div>
+  );
+};

components/settings/tabs/ai/ProviderIconBadge.tsx

@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ export const ProviderIconBadge: React.FC<{
       aria-hidden="true"
       draggable={false}
       className={cn(
-        "object-contain brightness-0 invert",
+        "object-contain",
+        providerId === "copilot" ? "brightness-0" : "brightness-0 invert",
         size === "sm" ? "w-3 h-3" : "w-4 h-4",
       )}
     />

components/settings/tabs/ai/index.ts

@@ -5,4 +5,5 @@ export { ProviderCard } from "./ProviderCard";
 export { AddProviderDropdown } from "./AddProviderDropdown";
 export { CodexConnectionCard } from "./CodexConnectionCard";
 export { ClaudeCodeCard } from "./ClaudeCodeCard";
+export { CopilotCliCard } from "./CopilotCliCard";
 export { SafetySettings } from "./SafetySettings";

components/settings/tabs/ai/types.ts

@@ -82,6 +82,13 @@ export const AGENT_DEFAULTS: Record<string, Omit<ExternalAgentConfig, "id" | "co
     acpCommand: "claude-agent-acp",
     acpArgs: [],
   },
+  copilot: {
+    name: "GitHub Copilot CLI",
+    args: ["-p", "{prompt}"],
+    icon: "copilot",
+    acpCommand: "copilot",
+    acpArgs: ["--acp", "--stdio"],
+  },
 };
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -108,12 +115,13 @@ export function normalizeCodexBridgeError(error: unknown): string {
 // Provider icon helper
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-export type SettingsIconId = AIProviderId | "claude";
+export type SettingsIconId = AIProviderId | "claude" | "copilot";
 
 export const SETTINGS_ICON_PATHS: Record<SettingsIconId, string> = {
   openai: "/ai/providers/openai.svg",
   anthropic: "/ai/providers/anthropic.svg",
   claude: "/ai/agents/claude.svg",
+  copilot: "/ai/agents/copilot.svg",
   google: "/ai/providers/google.svg",
   ollama: "/ai/providers/ollama.svg",
   openrouter: "/ai/providers/openrouter.svg",
@@ -124,6 +132,7 @@ export const SETTINGS_ICON_COLORS: Record<SettingsIconId, string> = {
   openai: "bg-emerald-600",
   anthropic: "bg-orange-600",
   claude: "bg-orange-600",
+  copilot: "border border-zinc-300 bg-white",
   google: "bg-blue-600",
   ollama: "bg-purple-600",
   openrouter: "bg-pink-600",

components/sftp/SftpContext.tsx

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ export interface SftpTransferSource {
 export interface SftpPaneCallbacks {
     onConnect: (host: Host | "local") => void;
     onDisconnect: () => void;
+    onPrepareSelection: () => void;
     onNavigateTo: (path: string) => void;
     onNavigateUp: () => void;
     onRefresh: () => void;

components/sftp/SftpFileRow.tsx

@@ -76,8 +76,10 @@ const SftpFileRowInner: React.FC<SftpFileRowProps> = ({
             onClick={handleSelect}
             onDoubleClick={handleOpen}
             className={cn(
-                "px-4 py-2 items-center cursor-pointer text-sm hover:bg-accent/50",
-                isSelectionVisible && "bg-accent text-accent-foreground",
+                "px-4 py-2 items-center cursor-pointer text-sm",
+                isSelectionVisible
+                    ? "bg-accent text-accent-foreground hover:bg-accent"
+                    : "hover:bg-accent/50",
                 isDragOver && isNavDir && "bg-primary/25 ring-1 ring-primary/50"
             )}
             style={{ display: 'grid', gridTemplateColumns: buildSftpColumnTemplate(columnWidths) }}
@@ -130,6 +132,8 @@ const SftpFileRowInner: React.FC<SftpFileRowProps> = ({
 const areEqual = (prev: SftpFileRowProps, next: SftpFileRowProps): boolean => {
     if (prev.index !== next.index) return false;
     if (prev.isSelected !== next.isSelected) return false;
+    // Only re-render for showSelectionHighlight changes when the row is actually selected
+    if (prev.isSelected && prev.showSelectionHighlight !== next.showSelectionHighlight) return false;
     if (prev.isDragOver !== next.isDragOver) return false;
     if (prev.columnWidths.name !== next.columnWidths.name) return false;
     if (prev.columnWidths.modified !== next.columnWidths.modified) return false;

components/sftp/SftpPaneDialogs.tsx

@@ -11,11 +11,14 @@ import {
 } from "../ui/dialog";
 import { Input } from "../ui/input";
 import { Label } from "../ui/label";
+import { getFileName, getParentPath } from "../../application/state/sftp/utils";
 import { SftpHostPicker } from "./index";
 import type { Host } from "../../types";
 
 interface SftpPaneDialogsProps {
   t: (key: string, params?: Record<string, unknown>) => string;
+  hostLabel?: string;
+  currentPath?: string;
   // New folder
   showNewFolderDialog: boolean;
   setShowNewFolderDialog: (open: boolean) => void;
@@ -61,8 +64,15 @@ interface SftpPaneDialogsProps {
   onDisconnect: () => void;
 }
 
+const HostHint: React.FC<{ label?: string }> = ({ label }) =>
+  label ? (
+    <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground truncate mb-1">{label}</div>
+  ) : null;
+
 export const SftpPaneDialogs: React.FC<SftpPaneDialogsProps> = ({
   t,
+  hostLabel,
+  currentPath,
   showNewFolderDialog,
   setShowNewFolderDialog,
   newFolderName,
@@ -100,12 +110,36 @@ export const SftpPaneDialogs: React.FC<SftpPaneDialogsProps> = ({
   setHostSearch,
   onConnect,
   onDisconnect,
-}) => (
+}) => {
+  const isSingleDeleteTarget = deleteTargets.length === 1;
+  const deletePath = (() => {
+    if (isSingleDeleteTarget) {
+      return deleteTargets[0];
+    }
+
+    const uniquePaths = Array.from(new Set(deleteTargets.map((target) => getParentPath(target)).filter(Boolean)));
+    if (uniquePaths.length === 1) return uniquePaths[0];
+    if (uniquePaths.length > 1) return "Multiple locations";
+    return currentPath;
+  })();
+  const showDeleteList = deleteTargets.length > 1;
+  const deleteListItems = (() => {
+    if (!showDeleteList) return [];
+
+    const uniquePaths = Array.from(new Set(deleteTargets.map((target) => getParentPath(target)).filter(Boolean)));
+    if (uniquePaths.length === 1) {
+      return deleteTargets.map((target) => getFileName(target) || target);
+    }
+    return deleteTargets;
+  })();
+
+  return (
   <>
     {/* Dialogs */}
     <Dialog open={showNewFolderDialog} onOpenChange={setShowNewFolderDialog}>
       <DialogContent className="max-w-sm">
         <DialogHeader>
+          <HostHint label={hostLabel} />
           <DialogTitle>{t("sftp.newFolder")}</DialogTitle>
         </DialogHeader>
         <div className="space-y-4">
@@ -148,6 +182,7 @@ export const SftpPaneDialogs: React.FC<SftpPaneDialogsProps> = ({
     }}>
       <DialogContent className="max-w-sm">
         <DialogHeader>
+          <HostHint label={hostLabel} />
           <DialogTitle>{t("sftp.newFile")}</DialogTitle>
         </DialogHeader>
         <div className="space-y-4">
@@ -192,6 +227,7 @@ export const SftpPaneDialogs: React.FC<SftpPaneDialogsProps> = ({
     <Dialog open={showOverwriteConfirm} onOpenChange={setShowOverwriteConfirm}>
       <DialogContent className="max-w-sm">
         <DialogHeader>
+          <HostHint label={hostLabel} />
           <DialogTitle>{t("sftp.overwrite.title")}</DialogTitle>
           <DialogDescription>
             {t("sftp.overwrite.desc", { name: overwriteTarget || "" })}
@@ -217,6 +253,7 @@ export const SftpPaneDialogs: React.FC<SftpPaneDialogsProps> = ({
     <Dialog open={showRenameDialog} onOpenChange={setShowRenameDialog}>
       <DialogContent className="max-w-sm">
         <DialogHeader>
+          <HostHint label={hostLabel} />
           <DialogTitle>{t("sftp.rename.title")}</DialogTitle>
         </DialogHeader>
         <div className="space-y-4">
@@ -258,19 +295,39 @@ export const SftpPaneDialogs: React.FC<SftpPaneDialogsProps> = ({
             {t("sftp.deleteConfirm.title", { count: deleteTargets.length })}
           </DialogTitle>
           <DialogDescription>
-            {t("sftp.deleteConfirm.desc")}
+            {t(showDeleteList ? "sftp.deleteConfirm.desc" : "sftp.deleteConfirm.descSingle")}
           </DialogDescription>
         </DialogHeader>
-        <div className="max-h-32 overflow-auto text-sm space-y-1">
-          {deleteTargets.map((name) => (
-            <div
-              key={name}
-              className="flex items-center gap-2 text-muted-foreground"
-            >
-              <Trash2 size={12} />
-              <span className="truncate">{name}</span>
+        <div className="space-y-3">
+          {hostLabel || deletePath ? (
+            <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground space-y-1.5">
+              {hostLabel ? (
+                <div className="flex items-start gap-2">
+                  <span className="font-medium text-foreground/80 shrink-0">{t("sftp.deleteConfirm.host")}:</span>
+                  <span className="break-all">{hostLabel}</span>
+                </div>
+              ) : null}
+              {deletePath ? (
+                <div className="flex items-start gap-2">
+                  <span className="font-medium text-foreground/80 shrink-0">{t("sftp.deleteConfirm.path")}:</span>
+                  <span className="break-all">{deletePath}</span>
+                </div>
+              ) : null}
             </div>
-          ))}
+          ) : null}
+          {showDeleteList ? (
+            <div className="max-h-32 overflow-auto text-sm space-y-1">
+              {deleteListItems.map((name) => (
+                <div
+                  key={name}
+                  className="flex items-center gap-2 text-muted-foreground"
+                >
+                  <Trash2 size={12} />
+                  <span className="truncate">{name}</span>
+                </div>
+              ))}
+            </div>
+          ) : null}
         </div>
         <DialogFooter>
           <Button
@@ -310,4 +367,5 @@ export const SftpPaneDialogs: React.FC<SftpPaneDialogsProps> = ({
       }}
     />
   </>
-);
+  );
+};

components/sftp/SftpPaneTreeView.tsx

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ import { getParentPath, joinPath } from '../../application/state/sftp/utils';
 import { buildSftpColumnTemplate, filterHiddenFiles, formatBytes, formatDate, getFileIcon, isNavigableDirectory, sortSftpEntries, type ColumnWidths, type SortField, type SortOrder } from './utils';
 import type { SftpTransferSource } from './SftpContext';
 import { sftpTreeSelectionStore, useSftpTreeSelectionState } from './hooks/useSftpTreeSelectionStore';
-import { sftpTreeEnterStore } from './hooks/useSftpKeyboardShortcuts';
+import { sftpKeyboardSelectionStore, sftpTreeEnterStore } from './hooks/useSftpKeyboardShortcuts';
 import { useI18n } from '../../application/i18n/I18nProvider';
 import { isKnownBinaryFile } from '../../lib/sftpFileUtils';
 
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ type NodeDescriptor =
 interface SftpPaneTreeViewProps {
   pane: SftpPane;
   side: 'left' | 'right';
+  onPrepareSelection: () => void;
   onLoadChildren: (path: string) => Promise<SftpFileEntry[]>;
   onMoveEntriesToPath: (sourcePaths: string[], targetPath: string) => Promise<void>;
   onNavigateUp: () => void;
@@ -126,8 +127,10 @@ const TreeNode = React.memo<TreeNodeProps>(({
   return (
     <div
       className={cn(
-        'grid items-center gap-x-1 px-2 cursor-pointer select-none hover:bg-accent/50 text-sm',
-        isSelected && 'bg-accent text-accent-foreground',
+        'grid items-center gap-x-1 px-2 cursor-pointer select-none text-sm',
+        isSelected
+          ? 'bg-accent text-accent-foreground hover:bg-accent'
+          : 'hover:bg-accent/50',
         isDragOver && 'ring-2 ring-primary/50 ring-inset bg-primary/10',
       )}
       style={{ gridTemplateColumns: columnTemplate, height: TREE_ROW_HEIGHT }}
@@ -257,6 +260,7 @@ interface ContextTarget {
 export const SftpPaneTreeView = React.memo<SftpPaneTreeViewProps>(({
   pane,
   side,
+  onPrepareSelection,
   onLoadChildren,
   onMoveEntriesToPath,
   onNavigateUp,
@@ -368,12 +372,21 @@ export const SftpPaneTreeView = React.memo<SftpPaneTreeViewProps>(({
   const [rootEntries, setRootEntries] = useState<SftpFileEntry[]>(pane.files ?? []);
   const [resolvedRootPath, setResolvedRootPath] = useState(pane.connection?.currentPath ?? '');
 
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (selectedPaths.size === 0) {
+      lastClickedPathRef.current = null;
+      sftpKeyboardSelectionStore.clear(pane.id);
+    }
+  }, [pane.id, selectedPaths.size]);
+
   const onOpenEntryRef = useRef(onOpenEntry);
   onOpenEntryRef.current = onOpenEntry;
   const onNavigateUpRef = useRef(onNavigateUp);
   onNavigateUpRef.current = onNavigateUp;
   const onNavigateToRef = useRef(onNavigateTo);
   onNavigateToRef.current = onNavigateTo;
+  const onPrepareSelectionRef = useRef(onPrepareSelection);
+  onPrepareSelectionRef.current = onPrepareSelection;
   const onMoveEntriesToPathRef = useRef(onMoveEntriesToPath);
   onMoveEntriesToPathRef.current = onMoveEntriesToPath;
   const onDragStartRef = useRef(onDragStart);
@@ -508,6 +521,7 @@ export const SftpPaneTreeView = React.memo<SftpPaneTreeViewProps>(({
       invalidateTreeCache();
       dispatchTreePaths({ type: 'RESET' });
       sftpTreeSelectionStore.clearSelection(pane.id);
+      sftpKeyboardSelectionStore.clear(pane.id);
       lastClickedPathRef.current = null;
     }
   }, [pane.connection?.currentPath, pane.connection?.id, pane.id, invalidateTreeCache]);
@@ -556,11 +570,11 @@ export const SftpPaneTreeView = React.memo<SftpPaneTreeViewProps>(({
     focusTreeContainer();
 
     const state = treeSelectionStateRef.current;
+    const currentIdx = state.visibleIndexByPath.get(entryPath) ?? -1;
     const nextSelection: string[] = (() => {
       if (e.shiftKey && lastClickedPathRef.current) {
         const items = state.visibleItems;
         const lastIdx = state.visibleIndexByPath.get(lastClickedPathRef.current) ?? -1;
-        const currentIdx = state.visibleIndexByPath.get(entryPath) ?? -1;
         if (lastIdx !== -1 && currentIdx !== -1) {
           const parentPath = getParentPath(entryPath);
           const start = Math.min(lastIdx, currentIdx);
@@ -582,7 +596,16 @@ export const SftpPaneTreeView = React.memo<SftpPaneTreeViewProps>(({
       return [entryPath];
     })();
 
+    onPrepareSelectionRef.current();
     sftpTreeSelectionStore.setSelection(pane.id, nextSelection);
+    if (currentIdx !== -1) {
+      if (e.shiftKey && lastClickedPathRef.current) {
+        const anchorIdx = state.visibleIndexByPath.get(lastClickedPathRef.current) ?? currentIdx;
+        sftpKeyboardSelectionStore.set(pane.id, anchorIdx, currentIdx);
+      } else {
+        sftpKeyboardSelectionStore.set(pane.id, currentIdx, currentIdx);
+      }
+    }
 
     lastClickedPathRef.current = entryPath;
   }, [focusTreeContainer, pane.id]);
@@ -610,23 +633,33 @@ export const SftpPaneTreeView = React.memo<SftpPaneTreeViewProps>(({
 
       const delta = e.key === 'ArrowDown' ? 1 : -1;
       const currentSelected = [...selectedPathsRef.current];
-      let currentIdx = -1;
-      if (currentSelected.length === 1) {
-        currentIdx = state.visibleIndexByPath.get(currentSelected[0]) ?? -1;
+      let { anchor: anchorIdx, focus: focusIdx } = sftpKeyboardSelectionStore.get(pane.id);
+      if (currentSelected.length === 0) {
+        anchorIdx = e.shiftKey ? 0 : -1;
+        focusIdx = -1;
+      } else {
+        const focusPath = items[focusIdx]?.path;
+        if (!focusPath || !state.selectedPaths.has(focusPath)) {
+          focusIdx = state.visibleIndexByPath.get(currentSelected[currentSelected.length - 1]) ?? 0;
+          anchorIdx = focusIdx;
+          sftpKeyboardSelectionStore.set(pane.id, anchorIdx, focusIdx);
+        }
       }
 
-      let nextIdx = currentIdx + delta;
+      let nextIdx = focusIdx + delta;
       if (nextIdx < 0) nextIdx = 0;
       if (nextIdx >= items.length) nextIdx = items.length - 1;
 
+      onPrepareSelectionRef.current();
       if (e.shiftKey && currentSelected.length > 0) {
-        const anchorIdx = currentIdx >= 0 ? currentIdx : 0;
         const start = Math.min(anchorIdx, nextIdx);
         const end = Math.max(anchorIdx, nextIdx);
         const paths = items.slice(start, end + 1).map((item) => item.path);
         sftpTreeSelectionStore.setSelection(pane.id, paths);
+        sftpKeyboardSelectionStore.set(pane.id, anchorIdx, nextIdx);
       } else {
         sftpTreeSelectionStore.setSelection(pane.id, [items[nextIdx].path]);
+        sftpKeyboardSelectionStore.set(pane.id, nextIdx, nextIdx);
       }
 
       lastClickedPathRef.current = items[nextIdx].path;

components/sftp/SftpPaneView.tsx

@@ -67,25 +67,31 @@ SftpPaneWrapper.displayName = "SftpPaneWrapper";
 interface SftpPaneViewProps {
   side: "left" | "right";
   pane: SftpPane;
+  dialogActionScopeId: string;
   isPaneFocused: boolean;
   sftpDefaultViewMode: 'list' | 'tree';
   showHeader?: boolean;
   showEmptyHeader?: boolean;
   onToggleShowHiddenFiles?: () => void;
   onGoToTerminalCwd?: () => void;
+  /** When true, treat this pane as always active (used by SftpSidePanel which manages visibility itself) */
+  forceActive?: boolean;
 }
 
 const SftpPaneViewInner: React.FC<SftpPaneViewProps> = ({
   side,
   pane,
+  dialogActionScopeId,
   isPaneFocused,
   sftpDefaultViewMode,
   showHeader = true,
   showEmptyHeader = true,
   onToggleShowHiddenFiles,
   onGoToTerminalCwd,
+  forceActive,
 }) => {
-  const isActive = true;
+  const activeTabId = useActiveTabId(side);
+  const isActive = forceActive || (activeTabId ? pane.id === activeTabId : true);
 
   const callbacks = useSftpPaneCallbacks(side);
   const { draggedFiles, onDragStart, onDragEnd } = useSftpDrag();
@@ -354,7 +360,7 @@ const SftpPaneViewInner: React.FC<SftpPaneViewProps> = ({
     ],
   );
 
-  useSftpDialogActionHandler(side, dialogActionHandlers);
+  useSftpDialogActionHandler(side, dialogActionScopeId, dialogActionHandlers, isActive);
 
   const handleSortWithTransition = (field: typeof sortField) => {
     startTransition(() => handleSort(field));
@@ -495,6 +501,7 @@ const SftpPaneViewInner: React.FC<SftpPaneViewProps> = ({
           <SftpPaneTreeView
             pane={pane}
             side={side}
+            onPrepareSelection={callbacks.onPrepareSelection}
             onLoadChildren={callbacks.onListDirectory}
             onMoveEntriesToPath={handleMoveEntriesToPath}
             onNavigateUp={callbacks.onNavigateUp}
@@ -573,6 +580,8 @@ const SftpPaneViewInner: React.FC<SftpPaneViewProps> = ({
 
       <SftpPaneDialogs
         t={t}
+        hostLabel={pane.connection?.hostLabel}
+        currentPath={pane.connection?.currentPath}
         showNewFolderDialog={showNewFolderDialog}
         setShowNewFolderDialog={setShowNewFolderDialog}
         newFolderName={newFolderName}
@@ -621,6 +630,7 @@ const sftpPaneViewAreEqual = (
 ): boolean => {
   if (prev.pane !== next.pane) return false;
   if (prev.side !== next.side) return false;
+  if (prev.dialogActionScopeId !== next.dialogActionScopeId) return false;
   if (prev.isPaneFocused !== next.isPaneFocused) return false;
   if (prev.showHeader !== next.showHeader) return false;
   if (prev.showEmptyHeader !== next.showEmptyHeader) return false;

components/sftp/SftpTabBar.tsx

@@ -214,6 +214,22 @@ const SftpTabBarInner: React.FC<SftpTabBarProps> = ({
     [onCloseTab],
   );
 
+  const handleSelectTabClick = useCallback(
+    (e: React.MouseEvent, tabId: string) => {
+      e.stopPropagation();
+      onSelectTab(tabId);
+    },
+    [onSelectTab],
+  );
+
+  const handleAddTabClick = useCallback(
+    (e: React.MouseEvent) => {
+      e.stopPropagation();
+      onAddTab();
+    },
+    [onAddTab],
+  );
+
   // Cross-pane drag handlers
   const handleCrossPaneDragOver = useCallback(
     (e: React.DragEvent) => {
@@ -302,7 +318,7 @@ const SftpTabBarInner: React.FC<SftpTabBarProps> = ({
               <div
                 key={tab.id}
                 data-tab-id={tab.id}
-                onClick={() => onSelectTab(tab.id)}
+                onClick={(e) => handleSelectTabClick(e, tab.id)}
                 draggable
                 onDragStart={(e) => handleTabDragStart(e, tab.id)}
                 onDragEnd={handleTabDragEnd}
@@ -379,7 +395,7 @@ const SftpTabBarInner: React.FC<SftpTabBarProps> = ({
       {/* Add tab button */}
       <button
         className="px-2 flex items-center justify-center text-muted-foreground hover:text-foreground hover:bg-[linear-gradient(135deg,_hsl(var(--accent)_/_0.18),_hsl(var(--primary)_/_0.18))] transition-all duration-150 border-l border-border/40 cursor-pointer"
-        onClick={onAddTab}
+        onClick={handleAddTabClick}
         title={t("sftp.tabs.addTab")}
       >
         <Plus size={14} />
@@ -418,4 +434,3 @@ const sftpTabBarAreEqual = (
 
 export const SftpTabBar = memo(SftpTabBarInner, sftpTabBarAreEqual);
 SftpTabBar.displayName = "SftpTabBar";
-

components/sftp/hooks/selectionScope.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+import type { SftpStateApi } from "../../../application/state/useSftpState";
+import { sftpTreeSelectionStore } from "./useSftpTreeSelectionStore";
+
+export interface SftpSelectionTarget {
+  side: "left" | "right";
+  tabId: string;
+}
+
+export const keepOnlyPaneSelections = (
+  sftp: SftpStateApi,
+  target: SftpSelectionTarget | null,
+) => {
+  sftp.clearSelectionsExcept(target);
+  const paneIds = [
+    ...sftp.leftTabs.tabs.map((tab) => tab.id),
+    ...sftp.rightTabs.tabs.map((tab) => tab.id),
+  ];
+  for (const paneId of paneIds) {
+    if (target?.tabId === paneId) continue;
+    sftpTreeSelectionStore.clearSelection(paneId);
+  }
+};
+
+export const keepOnlyActivePaneSelections = (
+  sftp: SftpStateApi,
+  side: "left" | "right",
+): SftpSelectionTarget | null => {
+  const tabId = sftp.getActiveTabId(side);
+  if (!tabId) {
+    keepOnlyPaneSelections(sftp, null);
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  const target = { side, tabId } as const;
+  keepOnlyPaneSelections(sftp, target);
+  return target;
+};

components/sftp/hooks/useSftpDialogAction.ts

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ type SftpDialogActionType = "rename" | "delete" | "newFolder" | "newFile" | null
 interface SftpDialogAction {
   type: SftpDialogActionType;
   targetSide: SftpFocusedSide;
+  targetScopeId: string;
   targetFiles?: string[]; // For rename (single file) or delete (multiple files)
   timestamp: number; // To distinguish different triggers of the same action
 }
@@ -37,13 +38,14 @@ export const sftpDialogActionStore = {
   /**
    * Trigger a dialog action
    */
-  trigger: (type: SftpDialogActionType, targetFiles?: string[]) => {
+  trigger: (type: SftpDialogActionType, targetScopeId: string, targetFiles?: string[]) => {
     if (!type) {
       dialogAction = null;
     } else {
       dialogAction = {
         type,
         targetSide: sftpFocusStore.getFocusedSide(),
+        targetScopeId,
         targetFiles,
         timestamp: Date.now(),
       };
@@ -82,17 +84,19 @@ export const useSftpDialogAction = (): SftpDialogAction | null => {
  */
 export const useSftpDialogActionHandler = (
   side: SftpFocusedSide,
+  scopeId: string,
   handlers: {
     onRename?: (fileName: string) => void;
     onDelete?: (fileNames: string[]) => void;
     onNewFolder?: () => void;
     onNewFile?: () => void;
-  }
+  },
+  isActive = true
 ) => {
   const action = useSftpDialogAction();
 
   useEffect(() => {
-    if (!action || action.targetSide !== side) return;
+    if (!action || action.targetSide !== side || action.targetScopeId !== scopeId || !isActive) return;
 
     // Handle the action and clear it
     switch (action.type) {
@@ -116,5 +120,5 @@ export const useSftpDialogActionHandler = (
 
     // Clear the action after handling
     sftpDialogActionStore.clear();
-  }, [action, side, handlers]);
+  }, [action, side, scopeId, handlers, isActive]);
 };

components/sftp/hooks/useSftpKeyboardShortcuts.ts

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import { sftpFocusStore } from "./useSftpFocusedPane";
 import { sftpDialogActionStore } from "./useSftpDialogAction";
 import { sftpTreeSelectionStore } from "./useSftpTreeSelectionStore";
 import { sftpListOrderStore } from "./useSftpListOrderStore";
+import { keepOnlyPaneSelections } from "./selectionScope";
 import type { SftpStateApi } from "../../../application/state/useSftpState";
 import { filterHiddenFiles, isNavigableDirectory } from "../index";
 import type { SftpFileEntry } from "../../../types";
@@ -72,13 +73,15 @@ export const sftpTreeEnterStore = {
 // indices per pane so Shift+Arrow extends correctly.
 const _kbSelectionState = new Map<string, { anchor: number; focus: number }>();
 
-function getKbSelection(paneId: string) {
-  return _kbSelectionState.get(paneId) ?? { anchor: 0, focus: 0 };
-}
-
-function setKbSelection(paneId: string, anchor: number, focus: number) {
-  _kbSelectionState.set(paneId, { anchor, focus });
-}
+export const sftpKeyboardSelectionStore = {
+  get: (paneId: string) => _kbSelectionState.get(paneId) ?? { anchor: 0, focus: 0 },
+  set: (paneId: string, anchor: number, focus: number) => {
+    _kbSelectionState.set(paneId, { anchor, focus });
+  },
+  clear: (paneId: string) => {
+    _kbSelectionState.delete(paneId);
+  },
+};
 
 // Basic navigation keys that work even when custom hotkeys are disabled.
 const BASIC_NAV_KEYS: Record<string, string> = {
@@ -90,6 +93,7 @@ interface UseSftpKeyboardShortcutsParams {
   keyBindings: KeyBinding[];
   hotkeyScheme: "disabled" | "mac" | "pc";
   sftpRef: MutableRefObject<SftpStateApi>;
+  dialogActionScopeId: string;
   isActive: boolean;
 }
 
@@ -115,6 +119,7 @@ export const useSftpKeyboardShortcuts = ({
   keyBindings,
   hotkeyScheme,
   sftpRef,
+  dialogActionScopeId,
   isActive,
 }: UseSftpKeyboardShortcutsParams) => {
   const handleKeyDown = useCallback(
@@ -134,6 +139,12 @@ export const useSftpKeyboardShortcuts = ({
         return;
       }
 
+      // Skip when a dialog or overlay is open to prevent SFTP shortcuts from
+      // firing while interacting with unrelated dialogs (e.g. settings, confirm).
+      if (document.querySelector('[role="dialog"][data-state="open"]')) {
+        return;
+      }
+
       // ── Arrow Up/Down: move selection ────────────────────────────────
       if ((e.key === 'ArrowUp' || e.key === 'ArrowDown') && !e.ctrlKey && !e.metaKey && !e.altKey) {
         const sftp = sftpRef.current;
@@ -155,29 +166,35 @@ export const useSftpKeyboardShortcuts = ({
 
           // Resolve current focus position from tracked state, falling back
           // to the actual selection when out of sync (e.g. after mouse click).
-          let { anchor: anchorIdx, focus: focusIdx } = getKbSelection(pane.id);
+          let { anchor: anchorIdx, focus: focusIdx } = sftpKeyboardSelectionStore.get(pane.id);
           const currentSelected = Array.from(pane.selectedFiles) as string[];
-          // If the tracked focus doesn't match the actual selection, re-sync
-          if (currentSelected.length >= 1 && !currentSelected.includes(listItems[focusIdx])) {
+          if (currentSelected.length === 0) {
+            // No selection: start from before the list so the first arrow press lands on item 0.
+            // For Shift+Arrow, anchor at 0 so range selection starts from the first item.
+            anchorIdx = e.shiftKey ? 0 : -1;
+            focusIdx = -1;
+          } else if (!currentSelected.includes(listItems[focusIdx])) {
+            // Tracked focus doesn't match actual selection, re-sync
             focusIdx = listItems.indexOf(currentSelected[currentSelected.length - 1]);
             if (focusIdx < 0) focusIdx = 0;
             anchorIdx = focusIdx;
-            setKbSelection(pane.id, anchorIdx, focusIdx);
+            sftpKeyboardSelectionStore.set(pane.id, anchorIdx, focusIdx);
           }
 
           let nextIdx = focusIdx + delta;
           if (nextIdx < 0) nextIdx = 0;
           if (nextIdx >= listItems.length) nextIdx = listItems.length - 1;
 
+          keepOnlyPaneSelections(sftp, { side: focusedSide, tabId: pane.id });
           if (e.shiftKey) {
             // Shift+Arrow: extend range from anchor to new focus
             const start = Math.min(anchorIdx, nextIdx);
             const end = Math.max(anchorIdx, nextIdx);
             sftp.rangeSelect(focusedSide, listItems.slice(start, end + 1));
-            setKbSelection(pane.id, anchorIdx, nextIdx);
+            sftpKeyboardSelectionStore.set(pane.id, anchorIdx, nextIdx);
           } else {
             sftp.rangeSelect(focusedSide, [listItems[nextIdx]]);
-            setKbSelection(pane.id, nextIdx, nextIdx);
+            sftpKeyboardSelectionStore.set(pane.id, nextIdx, nextIdx);
           }
           return;
         }
@@ -191,26 +208,35 @@ export const useSftpKeyboardShortcuts = ({
           const currentSelected = [...treeState.selectedPaths];
 
           // Use tracked state, re-sync if needed
-          let { anchor: anchorIdx, focus: focusIdx } = getKbSelection(pane.id);
-          if (currentSelected.length >= 1 && items[focusIdx]?.path !== currentSelected[currentSelected.length - 1]) {
-            focusIdx = treeState.visibleIndexByPath.get(currentSelected[currentSelected.length - 1]) ?? 0;
-            anchorIdx = focusIdx;
-            setKbSelection(pane.id, anchorIdx, focusIdx);
+          let { anchor: anchorIdx, focus: focusIdx } = sftpKeyboardSelectionStore.get(pane.id);
+          if (currentSelected.length === 0) {
+            // No selection: start from before the list so the first arrow press lands on item 0.
+            // For Shift+Arrow, anchor at 0 so range selection starts from the first item.
+            anchorIdx = e.shiftKey ? 0 : -1;
+            focusIdx = -1;
+          } else {
+            const focusPath = items[focusIdx]?.path;
+            if (!focusPath || !treeState.selectedPaths.has(focusPath)) {
+              focusIdx = treeState.visibleIndexByPath.get(currentSelected[currentSelected.length - 1]) ?? 0;
+              anchorIdx = focusIdx;
+              sftpKeyboardSelectionStore.set(pane.id, anchorIdx, focusIdx);
+            }
           }
 
           let nextIdx = focusIdx + delta;
           if (nextIdx < 0) nextIdx = 0;
           if (nextIdx >= items.length) nextIdx = items.length - 1;
 
+          keepOnlyPaneSelections(sftp, { side: focusedSide, tabId: pane.id });
           if (e.shiftKey) {
             const start = Math.min(anchorIdx, nextIdx);
             const end = Math.max(anchorIdx, nextIdx);
             const paths = items.slice(start, end + 1).map(item => item.path);
             sftpTreeSelectionStore.setSelection(pane.id, paths);
-            setKbSelection(pane.id, anchorIdx, nextIdx);
+            sftpKeyboardSelectionStore.set(pane.id, anchorIdx, nextIdx);
           } else {
             sftpTreeSelectionStore.setSelection(pane.id, [items[nextIdx].path]);
-            setKbSelection(pane.id, nextIdx, nextIdx);
+            sftpKeyboardSelectionStore.set(pane.id, nextIdx, nextIdx);
           }
           return;
         }
@@ -350,8 +376,10 @@ export const useSftpKeyboardShortcuts = ({
           if (!clipboard || clipboard.files.length === 0) return;
 
           // Use startTransfer to paste files from source to current pane
-          // The transfer direction is determined by clipboard sourceSide and current focusedSide
-          if (clipboard.sourceSide !== focusedSide) {
+          // Allow paste when source and target are different connections, even on the same side
+          const isSameConnection = clipboard.sourceSide === focusedSide
+            && clipboard.sourceConnectionId === pane.connection.id;
+          if (!isSameConnection) {
             const sourceTabs = clipboard.sourceSide === "left" ? sftp.leftTabs.tabs : sftp.rightTabs.tabs;
             const sourcePane = sourceTabs.find((tab) => tab.connection?.id === clipboard.sourceConnectionId);
 
@@ -439,6 +467,7 @@ export const useSftpKeyboardShortcuts = ({
 
         case "sftpSelectAll": {
           if (treeSelectionState.visibleItems.length > 0) {
+            keepOnlyPaneSelections(sftp, { side: focusedSide, tabId: pane.id });
             sftpTreeSelectionStore.selectAllVisible(pane.id);
             break;
           }
@@ -458,33 +487,38 @@ export const useSftpKeyboardShortcuts = ({
           const allFileNames = visibleFiles
             .filter((f) => f.name !== "..")
             .map((f) => f.name);
+          keepOnlyPaneSelections(sftp, { side: focusedSide, tabId: pane.id });
           sftp.rangeSelect(focusedSide, allFileNames);
           break;
         }
 
         case "sftpRename": {
           if (treeActionSelection.length === 1) {
-            sftpDialogActionStore.trigger("rename", [treeActionSelection[0].path]);
+            sftpDialogActionStore.trigger("rename", dialogActionScopeId, [treeActionSelection[0].path]);
             break;
           }
 
           // Trigger rename for the first selected file
           const selectedFiles = Array.from(pane.selectedFiles) as string[];
           if (selectedFiles.length !== 1) return;
-          sftpDialogActionStore.trigger("rename", selectedFiles);
+          sftpDialogActionStore.trigger("rename", dialogActionScopeId, selectedFiles);
           break;
         }
 
         case "sftpDelete": {
           if (treeActionSelection.length > 0) {
-            sftpDialogActionStore.trigger("delete", treeActionSelection.map((entry) => entry.path));
+            sftpDialogActionStore.trigger(
+              "delete",
+              dialogActionScopeId,
+              treeActionSelection.map((entry) => entry.path),
+            );
             break;
           }
 
           // Delete selected files
           const selectedFiles = Array.from(pane.selectedFiles) as string[];
           if (selectedFiles.length === 0) return;
-          sftpDialogActionStore.trigger("delete", selectedFiles);
+          sftpDialogActionStore.trigger("delete", dialogActionScopeId, selectedFiles);
           break;
         }
 
@@ -496,7 +530,7 @@ export const useSftpKeyboardShortcuts = ({
 
         case "sftpNewFolder": {
           // Create new folder
-          sftpDialogActionStore.trigger("newFolder");
+          sftpDialogActionStore.trigger("newFolder", dialogActionScopeId);
           break;
         }
 
@@ -559,7 +593,7 @@ export const useSftpKeyboardShortcuts = ({
         }
       }
     },
-    [hotkeyScheme, isActive, keyBindings, sftpRef]
+    [dialogActionScopeId, hotkeyScheme, isActive, keyBindings, sftpRef]
   );
 
   useEffect(() => {

components/sftp/hooks/useSftpPaneDragAndSelect.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import React, { useCallback, useRef, useState } from "react";
+import React, { useCallback, useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react";
 import type { SftpFileEntry } from "../../../types";
 import type { SftpPaneCallbacks, SftpDragCallbacks, SftpTransferSource } from "../SftpContext";
 import { isNavigableDirectory } from "../index";
@@ -67,6 +67,12 @@ export const useSftpPaneDragAndSelect = ({
   const onUploadRef = useRef(onUploadExternalFiles);
   onUploadRef.current = onUploadExternalFiles;
 
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (pane.selectedFiles.size === 0) {
+      lastSelectedIndexRef.current = null;
+    }
+  }, [pane.selectedFiles.size]);
+
   const getSamePaneDragPaths = useCallback((): string[] | null => {
     const dragged = draggedFilesRef.current;
     if (!dragged || dragged.length === 0) return null;

components/sftp/hooks/useSftpTreeSelectionStore.ts

@@ -99,6 +99,17 @@ export const sftpTreeSelectionStore = {
     setPaneState(paneId, (state) => ({ ...state, selectedPaths: EMPTY_PATHS }));
   },
 
+  clearAllExcept: (paneIdsToKeep?: Iterable<string>) => {
+    const keep = new Set(paneIdsToKeep ?? []);
+    Array.from(paneStates.keys()).forEach((paneId) => {
+      if (keep.has(paneId)) return;
+      setPaneState(paneId, (state) => {
+        if (state.selectedPaths.size === 0) return state;
+        return { ...state, selectedPaths: EMPTY_PATHS };
+      });
+    });
+  },
+
   selectAllVisible: (paneId: string) => {
     setPaneState(paneId, (state) => ({
       ...state,

components/sftp/hooks/useSftpViewPaneActions.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { useCallback, useMemo, useState } from "react";
 import type { MutableRefObject } from "react";
 import type { SftpStateApi } from "../../../application/state/useSftpState";
 import type { SftpDragCallbacks, SftpTransferSource } from "../SftpContext";
+import { keepOnlyActivePaneSelections } from "./selectionScope";
 
 interface UseSftpViewPaneActionsParams {
   sftpRef: MutableRefObject<SftpStateApi>;
@@ -14,6 +15,8 @@ interface UseSftpViewPaneActionsResult {
   onConnectRight: (host: Parameters<SftpStateApi["connect"]>[1]) => void;
   onDisconnectLeft: () => void;
   onDisconnectRight: () => void;
+  onPrepareSelectionLeft: () => void;
+  onPrepareSelectionRight: () => void;
   onNavigateToLeft: (path: string) => void;
   onNavigateToRight: (path: string) => void;
   onNavigateUpLeft: () => void;
@@ -126,6 +129,12 @@ export const useSftpViewPaneActions = ({
   );
   const onDisconnectLeft = useCallback(() => sftpRef.current.disconnect("left"), [sftpRef]);
   const onDisconnectRight = useCallback(() => sftpRef.current.disconnect("right"), [sftpRef]);
+  const onPrepareSelectionLeft = useCallback(() => {
+    keepOnlyActivePaneSelections(sftpRef.current, "left");
+  }, [sftpRef]);
+  const onPrepareSelectionRight = useCallback(() => {
+    keepOnlyActivePaneSelections(sftpRef.current, "right");
+  }, [sftpRef]);
   const onNavigateToLeft = useCallback(
     (path: string) => sftpRef.current.navigateTo("left", path),
     [sftpRef],
@@ -151,20 +160,32 @@ export const useSftpViewPaneActions = ({
     [sftpRef],
   );
   const onToggleSelectionLeft = useCallback(
-    (name: string, multi: boolean) => sftpRef.current.toggleSelection("left", name, multi),
-    [sftpRef],
+    (name: string, multi: boolean) => {
+      onPrepareSelectionLeft();
+      sftpRef.current.toggleSelection("left", name, multi);
+    },
+    [onPrepareSelectionLeft, sftpRef],
   );
   const onToggleSelectionRight = useCallback(
-    (name: string, multi: boolean) => sftpRef.current.toggleSelection("right", name, multi),
-    [sftpRef],
+    (name: string, multi: boolean) => {
+      onPrepareSelectionRight();
+      sftpRef.current.toggleSelection("right", name, multi);
+    },
+    [onPrepareSelectionRight, sftpRef],
   );
   const onRangeSelectLeft = useCallback(
-    (fileNames: string[]) => sftpRef.current.rangeSelect("left", fileNames),
-    [sftpRef],
+    (fileNames: string[]) => {
+      onPrepareSelectionLeft();
+      sftpRef.current.rangeSelect("left", fileNames);
+    },
+    [onPrepareSelectionLeft, sftpRef],
   );
   const onRangeSelectRight = useCallback(
-    (fileNames: string[]) => sftpRef.current.rangeSelect("right", fileNames),
-    [sftpRef],
+    (fileNames: string[]) => {
+      onPrepareSelectionRight();
+      sftpRef.current.rangeSelect("right", fileNames);
+    },
+    [onPrepareSelectionRight, sftpRef],
   );
   const onClearSelectionLeft = useCallback(() => sftpRef.current.clearSelection("left"), [sftpRef]);
   const onClearSelectionRight = useCallback(() => sftpRef.current.clearSelection("right"), [sftpRef]);
@@ -266,6 +287,8 @@ export const useSftpViewPaneActions = ({
     onConnectRight,
     onDisconnectLeft,
     onDisconnectRight,
+    onPrepareSelectionLeft,
+    onPrepareSelectionRight,
     onNavigateToLeft,
     onNavigateToRight,
     onNavigateUpLeft,

components/sftp/hooks/useSftpViewPaneCallbacks.ts

@@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ export const useSftpViewPaneCallbacks = ({
     () => ({
       onConnect: paneActions.onConnectLeft,
       onDisconnect: paneActions.onDisconnectLeft,
+      onPrepareSelection: paneActions.onPrepareSelectionLeft,
       onNavigateTo: paneActions.onNavigateToLeft,
       onNavigateUp: paneActions.onNavigateUpLeft,
       onRefresh: paneActions.onRefreshLeft,
@@ -176,6 +177,7 @@ export const useSftpViewPaneCallbacks = ({
     () => ({
       onConnect: paneActions.onConnectRight,
       onDisconnect: paneActions.onDisconnectRight,
+      onPrepareSelection: paneActions.onPrepareSelectionRight,
       onNavigateTo: paneActions.onNavigateToRight,
       onNavigateUp: paneActions.onNavigateUpRight,
       onRefresh: paneActions.onRefreshRight,

components/sftp/hooks/useSftpViewTabs.ts

@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ interface UseSftpViewTabsResult {
   setShowHostPickerRight: React.Dispatch<React.SetStateAction<boolean>>;
   setHostSearchLeft: React.Dispatch<React.SetStateAction<string>>;
   setHostSearchRight: React.Dispatch<React.SetStateAction<string>>;
-  handleAddTabLeft: () => void;
-  handleAddTabRight: () => void;
+  handleAddTabLeft: () => string;
+  handleAddTabRight: () => string;
   handleCloseTabLeft: (tabId: string) => void;
   handleCloseTabRight: (tabId: string) => void;
   handleSelectTabLeft: (tabId: string) => void;
@@ -42,13 +42,15 @@ export const useSftpViewTabs = ({ sftp, sftpRef }: UseSftpViewTabsParams): UseSf
   const [hostSearchRight, setHostSearchRight] = useState("");
 
   const handleAddTabLeft = useCallback(() => {
-    sftpRef.current.addTab("left");
+    const tabId = sftpRef.current.addTab("left");
     setShowHostPickerLeft(true);
+    return tabId;
   }, [sftpRef]);
 
   const handleAddTabRight = useCallback(() => {
-    sftpRef.current.addTab("right");
+    const tabId = sftpRef.current.addTab("right");
     setShowHostPickerRight(true);
+    return tabId;
   }, [sftpRef]);
 
   const handleCloseTabLeft = useCallback((tabId: string) => {

components/terminal/ZmodemProgressIndicator.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+import { ArrowDownToLine, ArrowUpFromLine, X } from 'lucide-react';
+import React from 'react';
+
+interface ZmodemProgressIndicatorProps {
+  transferType: 'upload' | 'download' | null;
+  filename: string | null;
+  transferred: number;
+  total: number;
+  fileIndex: number;
+  fileCount: number;
+  finalizing: boolean;
+  onCancel: () => void;
+}
+
+function formatBytes(bytes: number): string {
+  if (bytes <= 0) return '0 B';
+  const k = 1024;
+  const sizes = ['B', 'KB', 'MB', 'GB', 'TB'];
+  const i = Math.min(Math.floor(Math.log(bytes) / Math.log(k)), sizes.length - 1);
+  return `${(bytes / Math.pow(k, i)).toFixed(1)} ${sizes[i]}`;
+}
+
+export const ZmodemProgressIndicator: React.FC<ZmodemProgressIndicatorProps> = ({
+  transferType,
+  filename,
+  transferred,
+  total,
+  fileIndex,
+  fileCount,
+  finalizing,
+  onCancel,
+}) => {
+  const percent = total > 0 ? Math.min(100, Math.round((transferred / total) * 100)) : 0;
+  const Icon = transferType === 'upload' ? ArrowUpFromLine : ArrowDownToLine;
+  const label = finalizing ? 'Waiting for remote...' : transferType === 'upload' ? 'Uploading' : 'Downloading';
+  const fileInfo = fileCount > 0 ? ` (${fileIndex + 1}/${fileCount})` : '';
+
+  return (
+    <div
+      className="flex items-center gap-2.5 px-3 py-2 rounded-lg shadow-lg backdrop-blur-sm min-w-[240px] max-w-[360px]"
+      style={{
+        backgroundColor: 'color-mix(in srgb, var(--terminal-ui-bg, #000000) 90%, transparent)',
+        border: '1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--terminal-ui-fg, #ffffff) 15%, var(--terminal-ui-bg, #000000))',
+        color: 'var(--terminal-ui-fg, #ffffff)',
+      }}
+      onClick={(e) => e.stopPropagation()}
+      onMouseDown={(e) => e.stopPropagation()}
+    >
+      <Icon className="h-4 w-4 flex-shrink-0 opacity-60" />
+      <div className="flex-1 min-w-0">
+        <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-2 mb-1">
+          <span className="text-xs font-medium truncate">
+            {filename || label}{fileInfo}
+          </span>
+          <span className="text-[10px] opacity-60 flex-shrink-0">{percent}%</span>
+        </div>
+        <div className="w-full h-1 rounded-full overflow-hidden" style={{ backgroundColor: 'color-mix(in srgb, var(--terminal-ui-fg, #ffffff) 10%, transparent)' }}>
+          <div
+            className="h-full rounded-full transition-all duration-150"
+            style={{
+              width: `${percent}%`,
+              backgroundColor: transferType === 'upload' ? '#3b82f6' : '#22c55e',
+            }}
+          />
+        </div>
+        <div className="text-[10px] opacity-50 mt-0.5">
+          {formatBytes(transferred)} / {formatBytes(total)}
+        </div>
+      </div>
+      <button
+        onClick={onCancel}
+        className="flex-shrink-0 p-1 rounded transition-colors hover:bg-white/10"
+        title="Cancel transfer (Ctrl+C)"
+      >
+        <X className="h-3.5 w-3.5 opacity-60" />
+      </button>
+    </div>
+  );
+};

components/terminal/autocomplete/AutocompletePopup.tsx

@@ -48,6 +48,8 @@ interface AutocompletePopupProps {
   onRequestReposition?: () => void;
   /** Offset from top of container to terminal content area (toolbar + search bar) */
   searchBarOffset?: number;
+  /** Called when user clicks outside the popup to dismiss it */
+  onDismiss?: () => void;
 }
 
 const SOURCE_LABELS: Record<SuggestionSource, { label: string; fullLabel: string; fallbackColor: string }> = {
@@ -105,7 +107,9 @@ const AutocompletePopup: React.FC<AutocompletePopupProps> = ({
   containerRef,
   onRequestReposition,
   searchBarOffset: _searchBarOffset = 30,
+  onDismiss,
 }) => {
+  const wrapperRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   const listRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   const selectedRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   const [hoveredIndex, setHoveredIndex] = useState(-1);
@@ -148,6 +152,18 @@ const AutocompletePopup: React.FC<AutocompletePopupProps> = ({
     };
   }, [containerRef, onRequestReposition, visible]);
 
+  // Dismiss popup when clicking outside
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!visible || !onDismiss) return;
+    const handlePointerDown = (e: PointerEvent) => {
+      if (wrapperRef.current && !wrapperRef.current.contains(e.target as Node)) {
+        onDismiss();
+      }
+    };
+    document.addEventListener("pointerdown", handlePointerDown);
+    return () => document.removeEventListener("pointerdown", handlePointerDown);
+  }, [visible, onDismiss]);
+
   if (!visible || suggestions.length === 0) return null;
 
   const bg = themeColors?.background ?? "#1e1e2e";
@@ -217,6 +233,7 @@ const AutocompletePopup: React.FC<AutocompletePopupProps> = ({
 
   return (
     <div
+      ref={wrapperRef}
       style={{
         position: "fixed",
         left: `${clampedLeft}px`,

components/terminal/hooks/useZmodemTransfer.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useRef, useState } from 'react';
+import { netcattyBridge } from '../../../infrastructure/services/netcattyBridge';
+
+export interface ZmodemTransferState {
+  active: boolean;
+  transferType: 'upload' | 'download' | null;
+  filename: string | null;
+  transferred: number;
+  total: number;
+  fileIndex: number;
+  fileCount: number;
+  finalizing: boolean;
+  error: string | null;
+}
+
+const initialState: ZmodemTransferState = {
+  active: false,
+  transferType: null,
+  filename: null,
+  transferred: 0,
+  total: 0,
+  fileIndex: 0,
+  fileCount: 0,
+  finalizing: false,
+  error: null,
+};
+
+export function useZmodemTransfer(sessionId: string | null) {
+  const [state, setState] = useState<ZmodemTransferState>(initialState);
+  const disposeRef = useRef<(() => void) | null>(null);
+
+  const disposeExitRef = useRef<(() => void) | null>(null);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!sessionId) return;
+
+    const bridge = netcattyBridge.get();
+    if (!bridge?.onZmodemEvent) return;
+
+    disposeRef.current = bridge.onZmodemEvent(sessionId, (event) => {
+      switch (event.type) {
+        case 'detect':
+          setState({
+            active: true,
+            transferType: event.transferType ?? null,
+            filename: null,
+            transferred: 0,
+            total: 0,
+            fileIndex: 0,
+            fileCount: 0,
+            error: null,
+          });
+          break;
+        case 'progress':
+          setState((prev) => ({
+            ...prev,
+            active: true,
+            transferType: event.transferType ?? prev.transferType,
+            filename: event.filename ?? prev.filename,
+            transferred: event.transferred ?? prev.transferred,
+            total: event.total ?? prev.total,
+            fileIndex: event.fileIndex ?? prev.fileIndex,
+            fileCount: event.fileCount ?? prev.fileCount,
+            finalizing: !!((event as Record<string, unknown>).finalizing),
+          }));
+          break;
+        case 'complete':
+          setState((prev) => ({ ...prev, active: false }));
+          break;
+        case 'error':
+          setState((prev) => ({
+            ...prev,
+            active: false,
+            error: event.error ?? 'Unknown error',
+          }));
+          break;
+      }
+    });
+
+    // If the session exits mid-transfer (disconnect, shell exit, etc.),
+    // reset state so the progress indicator doesn't stay stuck.
+    disposeExitRef.current = bridge.onSessionExit(sessionId, () => {
+      setState(initialState);
+    });
+
+    return () => {
+      disposeRef.current?.();
+      disposeRef.current = null;
+      disposeExitRef.current?.();
+      disposeExitRef.current = null;
+      setState(initialState);
+    };
+  }, [sessionId]);
+
+  const cancel = useCallback(() => {
+    if (!sessionId) return;
+    const bridge = netcattyBridge.get();
+    bridge?.cancelZmodem?.(sessionId);
+  }, [sessionId]);
+
+  return { ...state, cancel };
+}

electron/bridges/ai/shellUtils.cjs

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 "use strict";
 
 const { execFileSync } = require("node:child_process");
-const { existsSync } = require("node:fs");
+const { existsSync, statSync } = require("node:fs");
 const path = require("node:path");
 
 // ── ANSI / URL regexes ──
@@ -93,7 +93,11 @@ function normalizeCliPathForPlatform(filePath) {
   if (!normalized) return null;
 
   if (process.platform !== "win32") {
-    return existsSync(normalized) ? normalized : null;
+    // Reject directories (e.g. /Applications/Codex.app) — must be a file
+    try {
+      if (existsSync(normalized) && statSync(normalized).isFile()) return normalized;
+    } catch { /* stat failed */ }
+    return null;
   }
 
   const ext = path.extname(normalized).toLowerCase();

electron/bridges/aiBridge.cjs

@@ -7,9 +7,11 @@
 
 const https = require("node:https");
 const http = require("node:http");
+const path = require("node:path");
 const { URL } = require("node:url");
 const { spawn, execFileSync } = require("node:child_process");
-const { existsSync } = require("node:fs");
+const fs = require("node:fs");
+const { existsSync } = fs;
 
 const mcpServerBridge = require("./mcpServerBridge.cjs");
 
@@ -60,7 +62,6 @@ const acpProviders = new Map();
 const acpActiveStreams = new Map();
 const acpRequestSessions = new Map();
 const acpPendingCancelRequests = new Set();
-const acpForceProviderReset = new Set();
 const acpChatRuns = new Map();
 
 // ── Provider registry (synced from renderer, keys stay encrypted) ──
@@ -141,21 +142,39 @@ function injectApiKeyIntoRequest(url, headers, providerId) {
 }
 
 function cleanupAcpProvider(chatSessionId) {
+  // Clean up temporary COPILOT_HOME directory regardless of whether a
+  // provider entry exists — prepareCopilotHome may have succeeded before
+  // provider creation failed.
+  try {
+    const tempDirBridge = require("./tempDirBridge.cjs");
+    const tempCopilotHome = path.join(tempDirBridge.getTempDir(), `copilot-home-${chatSessionId}`);
+    if (existsSync(tempCopilotHome)) {
+      fs.rmSync(tempCopilotHome, { recursive: true, force: true });
+    }
+  } catch {
+    // Best-effort cleanup
+  }
+
   const entry = acpProviders.get(chatSessionId);
   if (!entry) return;
-  const rootPid = entry.provider?.model?.agentProcess?.pid;
+  cleanupAcpProviderInstance(entry.provider, chatSessionId);
+  acpProviders.delete(chatSessionId);
+}
+
+function cleanupAcpProviderInstance(provider, chatSessionId = "transient") {
+  if (!provider) return;
+  const rootPid = provider?.model?.agentProcess?.pid;
   const childPids = getChildProcessTreePids(rootPid);
   try {
-    if (typeof entry.provider.forceCleanup === "function") {
-      entry.provider.forceCleanup();
-    } else if (typeof entry.provider.cleanup === "function") {
-      entry.provider.cleanup();
+    if (typeof provider.forceCleanup === "function") {
+      provider.forceCleanup();
+    } else if (typeof provider.cleanup === "function") {
+      provider.cleanup();
     }
   } catch (err) {
     console.warn("[ACP] Provider cleanup failed for session", chatSessionId, err?.message || err);
   }
   killTrackedProcessTree(rootPid, childPids);
-  acpProviders.delete(chatSessionId);
 }
 
 function isActiveAcpRun(chatSessionId, requestId) {
@@ -163,9 +182,10 @@ function isActiveAcpRun(chatSessionId, requestId) {
   return Boolean(activeRun && activeRun.requestId === requestId);
 }
 
-function isUnsupportedLoadSessionError(err) {
+function shouldRetryFreshSession(err) {
   const message = String(err?.message || err || "").toLowerCase();
-  return message.includes("method not found") && message.includes("session/load");
+  return (message.includes("method not found") && message.includes("session/load"))
+    || (message.includes("resource not found") && message.includes("session") && message.includes("not found"));
 }
 
 function getChildProcessTreePids(rootPid) {
@@ -302,6 +322,127 @@ function _validateSenderImpl(event, allowSettings) {
   }
 }
 
+function summarizeMcpServersForDebug(mcpServers) {
+  if (!Array.isArray(mcpServers)) return [];
+  return mcpServers.map((server) => ({
+    name: server?.name || "",
+    type: server?.type || "",
+    command: server?.command || "",
+    args: Array.isArray(server?.args) ? server.args : [],
+    hasEnv: Array.isArray(server?.env) ? server.env.length > 0 : false,
+    url: server?.url || "",
+  }));
+}
+
+function logAcpDebug(agentLabel, message, details) {
+  const prefix = `[ACP DEBUG][${agentLabel}]`;
+  if (details === undefined) {
+    console.log(prefix, message);
+    return;
+  }
+  try {
+    console.log(prefix, message, JSON.stringify(details));
+  } catch {
+    console.log(prefix, message, details);
+  }
+}
+
+function normalizeAgentCommandName(command) {
+  if (typeof command !== "string" || !command) return "";
+  return path.basename(command).toLowerCase().replace(/\.(exe|cmd|bat|ps1)$/i, "");
+}
+
+function matchesAgentCommand(command, expectedName) {
+  if (typeof command !== "string" || typeof expectedName !== "string") return false;
+  if (command.toLowerCase() === expectedName.toLowerCase()) return true;
+  return normalizeAgentCommandName(command) === normalizeAgentCommandName(expectedName);
+}
+
+function envPairsToObject(entries) {
+  if (!Array.isArray(entries)) return {};
+  const result = {};
+  for (const entry of entries) {
+    if (!entry || typeof entry.name !== "string") continue;
+    result[entry.name] = entry.value == null ? "" : String(entry.value);
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+function mapMcpServerToCopilotConfig(server) {
+  if (!server || typeof server !== "object" || !server.name) return null;
+
+  if (server.type === "stdio" || server.type === "local") {
+    return {
+      type: "local",
+      command: server.command || "",
+      args: Array.isArray(server.args) ? server.args : [],
+      env: envPairsToObject(server.env),
+      tools: ["*"],
+    };
+  }
+
+  if (server.type === "http" || server.type === "sse") {
+    return {
+      type: server.type,
+      url: server.url || "",
+      headers: envPairsToObject(server.headers),
+      tools: ["*"],
+    };
+  }
+
+  return null;
+}
+
+function safeReadJson(filePath) {
+  try {
+    if (!existsSync(filePath)) return null;
+    return JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(filePath, "utf8"));
+  } catch {
+    return null;
+  }
+}
+
+function prepareCopilotHome(shellEnv, mcpServers, chatSessionId) {
+  const tempDirBridge = require("./tempDirBridge.cjs");
+  const homeDir = shellEnv.HOME || process.env.HOME || process.env.USERPROFILE || "";
+  const realCopilotHome = shellEnv.COPILOT_HOME || path.join(homeDir, ".copilot");
+  const tempCopilotHome = path.join(tempDirBridge.getTempDir(), `copilot-home-${chatSessionId}`);
+
+  try {
+    fs.rmSync(tempCopilotHome, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  } catch {
+    // Ignore cleanup failures; mkdir/copy below will surface real issues if any.
+  }
+
+  fs.mkdirSync(tempCopilotHome, { recursive: true });
+
+  if (realCopilotHome && existsSync(realCopilotHome)) {
+    fs.cpSync(realCopilotHome, tempCopilotHome, { recursive: true });
+  }
+
+  const configPath = path.join(tempCopilotHome, "mcp-config.json");
+  const baseConfig = safeReadJson(configPath) || { mcpServers: {} };
+  const mergedServers = { ...(baseConfig.mcpServers || {}) };
+
+  for (const server of Array.isArray(mcpServers) ? mcpServers : []) {
+    const mapped = mapMcpServerToCopilotConfig(server);
+    if (!mapped) continue;
+    mergedServers[server.name] = mapped;
+  }
+
+  fs.writeFileSync(
+    configPath,
+    JSON.stringify({ ...baseConfig, mcpServers: mergedServers }, null, 2),
+    { mode: 0o600 },
+  );
+
+  return {
+    copilotHome: tempCopilotHome,
+    configPath,
+    serverNames: Object.keys(mergedServers),
+  };
+}
+
 /**
  * Make a streaming HTTP request and forward SSE events back to renderer
  */
@@ -1253,6 +1394,15 @@ function registerHandlers(ipcMain) {
         args: ["exec", "--full-auto", "--json", "{prompt}"],
         resolveAcp: resolveCodexAcpBinaryPath,
       },
+      {
+        command: "copilot",
+        name: "GitHub Copilot CLI",
+        icon: "copilot",
+        description: "GitHub's coding agent CLI",
+        acpCommand: "copilot",
+        acpArgs: ["--acp", "--stdio"],
+        args: ["-p", "{prompt}"],
+      },
     ];
 
     const shellEnv = await getShellEnv();
@@ -1303,12 +1453,16 @@ function registerHandlers(ipcMain) {
         const result = await runCommand(probeCmd, probeArgs, { env: shellEnv });
         version = (result.stdout || result.stderr || "").trim().split("\n")[0];
       } catch {
-        version = "";
+        // --version failed: not a valid CLI executable (e.g. .app bundle)
+        continue;
       }
 
+      if (!version) continue;
+
       const { resolveAcp: _unused, ...agentInfo } = agent;
       agents.push({
         ...agentInfo,
+        acpCommand: agent.command === "copilot" ? resolvedPath : agentInfo.acpCommand,
         path: resolvedPath,
         version,
         available: true,
@@ -1327,7 +1481,9 @@ function registerHandlers(ipcMain) {
 
     if (customPath) {
       // Normalize Windows shim paths like `codex` -> `codex.cmd` when present.
-      resolvedPath = normalizeCliPathForPlatform(customPath);
+      // Fall back to PATH search if the stored path no longer exists
+      // (e.g. CLI reinstalled to a different location).
+      resolvedPath = normalizeCliPathForPlatform(customPath) || resolveCliFromPath(command, shellEnv);
     } else {
       resolvedPath = resolveCliFromPath(command, shellEnv);
     }
@@ -1341,7 +1497,12 @@ function registerHandlers(ipcMain) {
       const result = await runCommand(resolvedPath, ["--version"], { env: shellEnv });
       version = (result.stdout || result.stderr || "").trim().split("\n")[0];
     } catch {
-      version = "";
+      // --version failed: not a valid CLI executable
+      return { path: resolvedPath, version: null, available: false };
+    }
+
+    if (!version) {
+      return { path: resolvedPath, version: null, available: false };
     }
 
     return { path: resolvedPath, version, available: true };
@@ -1521,6 +1682,7 @@ function registerHandlers(ipcMain) {
   const ALLOWED_AGENT_COMMANDS = new Set([
     "claude", "claude-agent-acp",
     "codex", "codex-acp",
+    "copilot",
   ]);
 
   // Spawn an external agent process
@@ -1730,6 +1892,102 @@ function registerHandlers(ipcMain) {
 
   // ── ACP (Agent Client Protocol) streaming ──
 
+  ipcMain.handle("netcatty:ai:acp:list-models", async (event, { acpCommand, acpArgs, cwd, providerId, chatSessionId }) => {
+    if (!validateSender(event)) {
+      return { ok: false, error: "Unauthorized IPC sender" };
+    }
+
+    let provider = null;
+    let copilotConfigInfo = null;
+    try {
+      const { createACPProvider } = require("@mcpc-tech/acp-ai-provider");
+      const shellEnv = await getShellEnv();
+      const sessionCwd = cwd || process.cwd();
+      const isCodexAgent = matchesAgentCommand(acpCommand, "codex-acp");
+      const isClaudeAgent = matchesAgentCommand(acpCommand, "claude-agent-acp");
+      const isCopilotAgent = matchesAgentCommand(acpCommand, "copilot");
+      const agentLabel = isCodexAgent ? "codex" : isClaudeAgent ? "claude" : isCopilotAgent ? "copilot" : acpCommand;
+
+      const resolvedProvider = providerId ? resolveProviderApiKey(providerId) : null;
+      const apiKey = resolvedProvider?.apiKey || undefined;
+
+      const agentEnv = { ...shellEnv };
+      if (apiKey) {
+        agentEnv.CODEX_API_KEY = apiKey;
+      }
+
+      if (isCopilotAgent) {
+        copilotConfigInfo = prepareCopilotHome(shellEnv, [], chatSessionId || `models_${Date.now()}`);
+        agentEnv.COPILOT_HOME = copilotConfigInfo.copilotHome;
+      }
+
+      const claudeAcp = isClaudeAgent ? resolveClaudeAcpBinaryPath(shellEnv, electronModule) : null;
+      const resolvedCommand = isCodexAgent
+        ? resolveCodexAcpBinaryPath(shellEnv, electronModule)
+        : claudeAcp
+          ? claudeAcp.command
+          : acpCommand;
+      const resolvedArgs = claudeAcp
+        ? [...claudeAcp.prependArgs, ...(acpArgs || [])]
+        : acpArgs || [];
+
+      provider = createACPProvider({
+        command: resolvedCommand,
+        args: resolvedArgs,
+        env: agentEnv,
+        session: {
+          cwd: sessionCwd,
+          mcpServers: [],
+        },
+        ...(isCodexAgent
+          ? { authMethodId: apiKey ? "codex-api-key" : "chatgpt" }
+          : isCopilotAgent
+            ? { authMethodId: "copilot-login" }
+            : {}),
+      });
+
+      const sessionInfo = await provider.initSession();
+      const availableModels = Array.isArray(sessionInfo?.models?.availableModels)
+        ? sessionInfo.models.availableModels
+        : [];
+
+      if (isCopilotAgent) {
+        logAcpDebug(agentLabel, "Fetched session models", {
+          chatSessionId: chatSessionId || null,
+          currentModelId: sessionInfo?.models?.currentModelId || null,
+          availableModelIds: availableModels.map((modelInfo) => modelInfo?.modelId).filter(Boolean),
+          copilotHome: copilotConfigInfo?.copilotHome || null,
+          copilotMcpConfigPath: copilotConfigInfo?.configPath || null,
+        });
+      }
+
+      return {
+        ok: true,
+        currentModelId: sessionInfo?.models?.currentModelId || null,
+        models: availableModels.map((modelInfo) => ({
+          id: modelInfo?.modelId,
+          name: modelInfo?.name || modelInfo?.displayName || modelInfo?.modelId,
+          description: modelInfo?.description || undefined,
+        })).filter((modelInfo) => Boolean(modelInfo.id)),
+      };
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error("[ACP] Failed to list models:", err?.message || err);
+      return { ok: false, error: err?.message || String(err) };
+    } finally {
+      try {
+        cleanupAcpProviderInstance(provider, chatSessionId || "transient-model-list");
+      } catch {
+        // Ignore cleanup failures for transient model-discovery providers.
+      }
+      // Clean up transient COPILOT_HOME created for model listing
+      if (copilotConfigInfo?.copilotHome) {
+        try {
+          fs.rmSync(copilotConfigInfo.copilotHome, { recursive: true, force: true });
+        } catch { /* best-effort */ }
+      }
+    }
+  });
+
   ipcMain.handle("netcatty:ai:acp:stream", async (event, { requestId, chatSessionId, acpCommand, acpArgs, prompt, cwd, providerId, model, existingSessionId, historyMessages, images }) => {
     // Validate IPC sender (Issue #17)
     if (!validateSender(event)) {
@@ -1771,8 +2029,10 @@ function registerHandlers(ipcMain) {
       const shellEnv = await getShellEnv();
       if (shouldAbortStartup()) return { ok: true };
       const sessionCwd = cwd || process.cwd();
-      const isCodexAgent = acpCommand === "codex-acp";
-      const isClaudeAgent = acpCommand === "claude-agent-acp";
+      const isCodexAgent = matchesAgentCommand(acpCommand, "codex-acp");
+      const isClaudeAgent = matchesAgentCommand(acpCommand, "claude-agent-acp");
+      const isCopilotAgent = matchesAgentCommand(acpCommand, "copilot");
+      const agentLabel = isCodexAgent ? "codex" : isClaudeAgent ? "claude" : isCopilotAgent ? "copilot" : acpCommand;
 
       // Resolve API key from providerId (decrypted in main process only)
       const resolvedProvider = providerId ? resolveProviderApiKey(providerId) : null;
@@ -1811,6 +2071,13 @@ function registerHandlers(ipcMain) {
         const scopedIds = mcpServerBridge.getScopedSessionIds(chatSessionId);
         const netcattyMcpConfig = mcpServerBridge.buildMcpServerConfig(mcpPort, scopedIds, chatSessionId);
         mcpSnapshot.mcpServers.push(netcattyMcpConfig);
+        if (isCopilotAgent) {
+          logAcpDebug(agentLabel, "Injected Netcatty MCP server into session", {
+            chatSessionId,
+            scopedIds,
+            injectedServer: summarizeMcpServersForDebug([netcattyMcpConfig])[0],
+          });
+        }
       } catch (err) {
         console.error("[ACP] Failed to inject Netcatty MCP server:", err?.message || err);
       }
@@ -1821,9 +2088,7 @@ function registerHandlers(ipcMain) {
 
       const currentPermissionMode = mcpServerBridge.getPermissionMode();
       let providerEntry = acpProviders.get(chatSessionId);
-      const shouldForceProviderReset = acpForceProviderReset.has(chatSessionId);
       const shouldReuseProvider = Boolean(
-        !shouldForceProviderReset &&
         providerEntry &&
         providerEntry.acpCommand === acpCommand &&
         providerEntry.cwd === sessionCwd &&
@@ -1840,6 +2105,11 @@ function registerHandlers(ipcMain) {
         if (apiKey) {
           agentEnv.CODEX_API_KEY = apiKey;
         }
+        let copilotConfigInfo = null;
+        if (isCopilotAgent) {
+          copilotConfigInfo = prepareCopilotHome(shellEnv, mcpSnapshot.mcpServers, chatSessionId);
+          agentEnv.COPILOT_HOME = copilotConfigInfo.copilotHome;
+        }
 
         const claudeAcp = isClaudeAgent ? resolveClaudeAcpBinaryPath(shellEnv, electronModule) : null;
         const resolvedCommand = isCodexAgent
@@ -1850,6 +2120,7 @@ function registerHandlers(ipcMain) {
         const resolvedArgs = claudeAcp
           ? [...claudeAcp.prependArgs, ...(acpArgs || [])]
           : acpArgs || [];
+        const sessionMcpServers = isCopilotAgent ? [] : mcpSnapshot.mcpServers;
 
         const provider = createACPProvider({
           command: resolvedCommand,
@@ -1857,15 +2128,31 @@ function registerHandlers(ipcMain) {
           env: agentEnv,
           session: {
             cwd: sessionCwd,
-            mcpServers: mcpSnapshot.mcpServers,
+            mcpServers: sessionMcpServers,
           },
           ...(resumeSessionId ? { existingSessionId: resumeSessionId } : {}),
           ...(isCodexAgent
             ? { authMethodId: apiKey ? "codex-api-key" : "chatgpt" }
+            : isCopilotAgent
+              ? { authMethodId: "copilot-login" }
             : {}),
           persistSession: true,
         });
 
+        if (isCopilotAgent) {
+          logAcpDebug(agentLabel, "Creating ACP provider", {
+            requestId,
+            chatSessionId,
+            cwd: sessionCwd,
+            resolvedCommand,
+            resolvedArgs,
+            sessionMcpServers: summarizeMcpServersForDebug(sessionMcpServers),
+            copilotHome: copilotConfigInfo?.copilotHome || null,
+            copilotMcpConfigPath: copilotConfigInfo?.configPath || null,
+            copilotMcpServerNames: copilotConfigInfo?.serverNames || [],
+          });
+        }
+
         providerEntry = {
           provider,
           acpCommand,
@@ -1877,15 +2164,21 @@ function registerHandlers(ipcMain) {
         };
         acpProviders.set(chatSessionId, providerEntry);
       }
-      acpForceProviderReset.delete(chatSessionId);
-
       let modelInstance = providerEntry.provider.languageModel(model || undefined);
       try {
         await providerEntry.provider.initSession(providerEntry.provider.tools);
+        if (isCopilotAgent) {
+          logAcpDebug(agentLabel, "ACP session initialized", {
+            requestId,
+            chatSessionId,
+            providerSessionId: providerEntry.provider.getSessionId?.() || null,
+            toolNames: Object.keys(providerEntry.provider.tools || {}),
+          });
+        }
         if (shouldAbortStartup()) return { ok: true };
       } catch (err) {
         const attemptedResumeSessionId = providerEntry.provider?.getSessionId?.() || existingSessionId;
-        if (!attemptedResumeSessionId || !isUnsupportedLoadSessionError(err)) {
+        if (!attemptedResumeSessionId || !shouldRetryFreshSession(err)) {
           throw err;
         }
 
@@ -1901,13 +2194,22 @@ function registerHandlers(ipcMain) {
           args: fallbackClaudeAcp
             ? [...fallbackClaudeAcp.prependArgs, ...(acpArgs || [])]
             : acpArgs || [],
-          env: apiKey ? { ...shellEnv, CODEX_API_KEY: apiKey } : { ...shellEnv },
+          env: (() => {
+            const fallbackEnv = apiKey ? { ...shellEnv, CODEX_API_KEY: apiKey } : { ...shellEnv };
+            if (isCopilotAgent) {
+              const fallbackCopilotConfig = prepareCopilotHome(shellEnv, mcpSnapshot.mcpServers, chatSessionId);
+              fallbackEnv.COPILOT_HOME = fallbackCopilotConfig.copilotHome;
+            }
+            return fallbackEnv;
+          })(),
           session: {
             cwd: sessionCwd,
-            mcpServers: mcpSnapshot.mcpServers,
+            mcpServers: isCopilotAgent ? [] : mcpSnapshot.mcpServers,
           },
           ...(isCodexAgent
             ? { authMethodId: apiKey ? "codex-api-key" : "chatgpt" }
+            : isCopilotAgent
+              ? { authMethodId: "copilot-login" }
             : {}),
           persistSession: true,
         });
@@ -1924,6 +2226,14 @@ function registerHandlers(ipcMain) {
         acpProviders.set(chatSessionId, providerEntry);
         modelInstance = providerEntry.provider.languageModel(model || undefined);
         await providerEntry.provider.initSession(providerEntry.provider.tools);
+        if (isCopilotAgent) {
+          logAcpDebug(agentLabel, "ACP session initialized after fallback", {
+            requestId,
+            chatSessionId,
+            providerSessionId: providerEntry.provider.getSessionId?.() || null,
+            toolNames: Object.keys(providerEntry.provider.tools || {}),
+          });
+        }
         if (shouldAbortStartup()) return { ok: true };
       }
       const activeProviderSessionId = providerEntry.provider.getSessionId?.() || null;
@@ -2042,6 +2352,9 @@ function registerHandlers(ipcMain) {
             if (serialized.type === "text-delta" || serialized.type === "reasoning-delta" || serialized.type === "tool-call") {
               hasContent = true;
             }
+            if (isCopilotAgent && (serialized.type === "tool-call" || serialized.type === "tool-result" || serialized.type === "error" || serialized.type === "status")) {
+              logAcpDebug(agentLabel, `Stream event: ${serialized.type}`, serialized);
+            }
             safeSend(event.sender, "netcatty:ai:acp:event", {
               requestId,
               event: serialized,
@@ -2057,6 +2370,13 @@ function registerHandlers(ipcMain) {
 
       // If stream completed with zero content, likely an auth or connection issue
       if (!hasContent && !abortController.signal.aborted) {
+        if (isCopilotAgent) {
+          logAcpDebug(agentLabel, "Stream completed with no content", {
+            requestId,
+            chatSessionId,
+            providerSessionId: providerEntry.provider.getSessionId?.() || null,
+          });
+        }
         if (!isActiveAcpRun(chatSessionId, requestId)) {
           return { ok: true };
         }
@@ -2095,9 +2415,6 @@ function registerHandlers(ipcMain) {
       acpPendingCancelRequests.delete(requestId);
       const activeRun = acpChatRuns.get(chatSessionId);
       if (activeRun?.requestId === requestId) {
-        if (abortController?.signal?.aborted || activeRun.cancelRequested) {
-          cleanupAcpProvider(chatSessionId);
-        }
         acpChatRuns.delete(chatSessionId);
       }
     }
@@ -2127,10 +2444,6 @@ function registerHandlers(ipcMain) {
       acpPendingCancelRequests.add(effectiveRequestId);
       cancelled = true;
     }
-    if (effectiveChatSessionId) {
-      acpForceProviderReset.add(effectiveChatSessionId);
-      cleanupAcpProvider(effectiveChatSessionId);
-    }
     // Preserve the ACP provider session on stop so the next user message can
     // continue within the same persisted conversation context. Full provider
     // cleanup is handled by netcatty:ai:acp:cleanup when the chat is deleted.
@@ -2143,7 +2456,6 @@ function registerHandlers(ipcMain) {
   ipcMain.handle("netcatty:ai:acp:cleanup", async (event, { chatSessionId }) => {
     if (!validateSender(event)) return { ok: false, error: "Unauthorized IPC sender" };
     mcpServerBridge.setChatSessionCancelled?.(chatSessionId, true);
-    acpForceProviderReset.delete(chatSessionId);
     cleanupAcpProvider(chatSessionId);
     mcpServerBridge.cleanupScopedMetadata(chatSessionId);
     return { ok: true };

electron/bridges/mcpServerBridge.cjs

@@ -380,6 +380,7 @@ async function handleMessage(socket, line) {
       if (!socket.destroyed) socket.write(response);
       return;
     }
+    console.warn("[MCP Bridge] auth/verify failed or unexpected first method", method);
     // Wrong token or wrong method — reject and close
     const response = JSON.stringify({
       jsonrpc: "2.0",
@@ -629,6 +630,22 @@ function handleExec(params) {
 
 // ── MCP Server Config Builder ──
 
+function resolveMcpServerRuntimeCommand() {
+  const runtimeCommand = process.execPath;
+  const runtimeEnv = [];
+
+  if (runtimeCommand && existsSync(runtimeCommand)) {
+    const basename = path.basename(runtimeCommand).toLowerCase();
+    const isNodeBinary = basename === "node" || basename.startsWith("node.");
+    if (!isNodeBinary) {
+      runtimeEnv.push({ name: "ELECTRON_RUN_AS_NODE", value: "1" });
+    }
+    return { command: runtimeCommand, env: runtimeEnv };
+  }
+
+  return { command: "node", env: runtimeEnv };
+}
+
 function buildMcpServerConfig(port, scopedSessionIds, chatSessionId) {
   // Use provided scoped IDs, or resolve from chatSessionId, or fall back
   const effectiveIds = (scopedSessionIds && scopedSessionIds.length > 0)
@@ -638,8 +655,10 @@ function buildMcpServerConfig(port, scopedSessionIds, chatSessionId) {
   const runtimePath = toUnpackedAsarPath(
     path.join(__dirname, "..", "mcp", "netcatty-mcp-server.cjs"),
   );
+  const runtime = resolveMcpServerRuntimeCommand();
 
   const env = [
+    ...runtime.env,
     { name: "NETCATTY_MCP_PORT", value: String(port) },
   ];
 
@@ -664,7 +683,7 @@ function buildMcpServerConfig(port, scopedSessionIds, chatSessionId) {
   return {
     name: "netcatty-remote-hosts",
     type: "stdio",
-    command: "node",
+    command: runtime.command,
     args: [runtimePath],
     env,
   };

electron/bridges/sshBridge.cjs

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ const {
 } = require("./sshAuthHelper.cjs");
 const sessionLogStreamManager = require("./sessionLogStreamManager.cjs");
 const { trackSessionIdlePrompt } = require("./ai/shellUtils.cjs");
+const { createZmodemSentry } = require("./zmodemHelper.cjs");
 
 // Default SSH key names in priority order (preferred keys tried first)
 const PREFERRED_KEY_NAMES = ["id_ed25519", "id_ecdsa", "id_rsa"];
@@ -1246,15 +1247,36 @@ async function startSSHSession(event, options) {
               }
             };
 
+            const sshZmodemSentry = createZmodemSentry({
+              sessionId,
+              onData(buf) {
+                const decoder = getSessionDecoder(sessionId, "stdout");
+                const decoded = decoder.write(buf);
+                trackSessionIdlePrompt(session, decoded);
+                bufferData(decoded);
+                sessionLogStreamManager.appendData(sessionId, decoded);
+              },
+              writeToRemote(buf) {
+                try { return stream.write(buf); } catch { return true; /* ignore */ }
+              },
+              interruptRemote() {
+                try { stream.signal?.("INT"); } catch { /* ignore */ }
+              },
+              getWebContents() {
+                return event.sender;
+              },
+              label: "SSH",
+            });
+            session.zmodemSentry = sshZmodemSentry;
+
             stream.on("data", (data) => {
-              const decoder = getSessionDecoder(sessionId, "stdout");
-              const decoded = decoder.write(data);
-              trackSessionIdlePrompt(session, decoded);
-              bufferData(decoded);
-              sessionLogStreamManager.appendData(sessionId, decoded);
+              // data is Buffer from ssh2 — feed raw bytes to ZMODEM sentry.
+              // In normal mode, sentry's onData callback handles decoding and buffering.
+              sshZmodemSentry.consume(data);
             });
 
             stream.stderr?.on("data", (data) => {
+              // stderr is not used for ZMODEM — decode normally
               const decoder = getSessionDecoder(sessionId, "stderr");
               const decoded = decoder.write(data);
               bufferData(decoded);
@@ -1294,6 +1316,7 @@ async function startSSHSession(event, options) {
                 } else {
                   safeSend(contents, "netcatty:exit", { sessionId, exitCode: streamExitCode, reason: streamExited ? "exited" : "closed" });
                 }
+                sessions.get(sessionId)?.zmodemSentry?.cancel();
                 sessions.delete(sessionId);
                 sessionEncodings.delete(sessionId);
                 sessionDecoders.delete(sessionId);
@@ -1362,6 +1385,7 @@ async function startSSHSession(event, options) {
         sendProgress(totalHops, totalHops, options.hostname, 'error', err.message);
         safeSend(contents, "netcatty:exit", { sessionId, exitCode: 1, error: err.message, reason: "error" });
         sessionLogStreamManager.stopStream(sessionId);
+        sessions.get(sessionId)?.zmodemSentry?.cancel();
         sessions.delete(sessionId);
         sessionEncodings.delete(sessionId);
         sessionDecoders.delete(sessionId);
@@ -1382,6 +1406,7 @@ async function startSSHSession(event, options) {
         sendProgress(totalHops, totalHops, options.hostname, 'error', err.message);
         safeSend(contents, "netcatty:exit", { sessionId, exitCode: 1, error: err.message, reason: "timeout" });
         sessionLogStreamManager.stopStream(sessionId);
+        sessions.get(sessionId)?.zmodemSentry?.cancel();
         sessions.delete(sessionId);
         sessionEncodings.delete(sessionId);
         sessionDecoders.delete(sessionId);
@@ -1412,6 +1437,7 @@ async function startSSHSession(event, options) {
           }
         }
         sessionLogStreamManager.stopStream(sessionId);
+        sessions.get(sessionId)?.zmodemSentry?.cancel();
         sessions.delete(sessionId);
         sessionEncodings.delete(sessionId);
         sessionDecoders.delete(sessionId);

electron/bridges/terminalBridge.cjs

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ const { SerialPort } = require("serialport");
 const sessionLogStreamManager = require("./sessionLogStreamManager.cjs");
 const { detectShellKind } = require("./ai/ptyExec.cjs");
 const { trackSessionIdlePrompt } = require("./ai/shellUtils.cjs");
+const { createZmodemSentry } = require("./zmodemHelper.cjs");
 
 // Shared references
 let sessions = null;
@@ -286,6 +287,7 @@ function startLocalSession(event, payload) {
     rows: payload?.rows || 24,
     env,
     cwd,
+    encoding: null, // Return Buffer for ZMODEM binary support
   });
   
   const session = {
@@ -329,11 +331,40 @@ function startLocalSession(event, payload) {
   });
   session.flushPendingData = flushLocal;
 
-  proc.onData((data) => {
-    trackSessionIdlePrompt(session, data);
-    bufferLocalData(data);
-    sessionLogStreamManager.appendData(sessionId, data);
-  });
+  // On Windows, node-pty ignores encoding: null and still emits UTF-8
+  // strings, making raw-byte ZMODEM impossible for local PTY sessions.
+  // Only wire up the sentry on platforms where encoding: null works.
+  if (process.platform !== "win32") {
+    const localDecoder = new StringDecoder("utf8");
+    const zmodemSentry = createZmodemSentry({
+      sessionId,
+      onData(buf) {
+        const str = localDecoder.write(buf);
+        if (!str) return;
+        trackSessionIdlePrompt(session, str);
+        bufferLocalData(str);
+        sessionLogStreamManager.appendData(sessionId, str);
+      },
+      writeToRemote(buf) {
+        try { return proc.write(buf); } catch { return true; }
+      },
+      getWebContents() {
+        return electronModule.webContents.fromId(session.webContentsId);
+      },
+      label: "Local",
+    });
+    session.zmodemSentry = zmodemSentry;
+
+    proc.onData((data) => {
+      zmodemSentry.consume(data);
+    });
+  } else {
+    proc.onData((data) => {
+      trackSessionIdlePrompt(session, data);
+      bufferLocalData(data);
+      sessionLogStreamManager.appendData(sessionId, data);
+    });
+  }
 
   proc.onExit((evt) => {
     flushLocal();
@@ -535,19 +566,57 @@ async function startTelnetSession(event, options) {
       contents?.send("netcatty:data", { sessionId, data });
     });
 
+    const telnetZmodemSentry = createZmodemSentry({
+      sessionId,
+      onData(buf) {
+        const decoded = telnetDecoder.write(buf);
+        if (!decoded) return;
+        const session = sessions.get(sessionId);
+        if (session) trackSessionIdlePrompt(session, decoded);
+        bufferTelnetData(decoded);
+        sessionLogStreamManager.appendData(sessionId, decoded);
+      },
+      writeToRemote(buf) {
+        // Escape 0xFF bytes as 0xFF 0xFF per Telnet spec so binary
+        // ZMODEM data passes through without being treated as IAC.
+        try {
+          let hasFF = false;
+          for (let i = 0; i < buf.length; i++) {
+            if (buf[i] === 0xff) { hasFF = true; break; }
+          }
+          if (hasFF) {
+            const escaped = [];
+            for (let i = 0; i < buf.length; i++) {
+              escaped.push(buf[i]);
+              if (buf[i] === 0xff) escaped.push(0xff);
+            }
+            return socket.write(Buffer.from(escaped));
+          } else {
+            return socket.write(buf);
+          }
+        } catch { return true; }
+      },
+      getWebContents() {
+        return electronModule.webContents.fromId(telnetWebContentsId);
+      },
+      label: "Telnet",
+    });
+    // Attach sentry to session once created (connect callback runs after this)
+    const attachTelnetSentry = () => {
+      const session = sessions.get(sessionId);
+      if (session) session.zmodemSentry = telnetZmodemSentry;
+    };
+    socket.once('connect', attachTelnetSentry);
+
     socket.on('data', (data) => {
       const session = sessions.get(sessionId);
       if (!session) return;
 
+      // Always run Telnet negotiation — even during ZMODEM, the Telnet
+      // layer still escapes 0xFF as IAC IAC and sends control sequences.
       const cleanData = handleTelnetNegotiation(data);
-
       if (cleanData.length > 0) {
-        const decoded = telnetDecoder.write(cleanData);
-        if (decoded) {
-          trackSessionIdlePrompt(session, decoded);
-          bufferTelnetData(decoded);
-          sessionLogStreamManager.appendData(sessionId, decoded);
-        }
+        telnetZmodemSentry.consume(cleanData);
       }
     });
 
@@ -562,6 +631,7 @@ async function startTelnetSession(event, options) {
         sessionLogStreamManager.stopStream(sessionId);
         const session = sessions.get(sessionId);
         if (session) {
+          session.zmodemSentry?.cancel();
           const contents = electronModule.webContents.fromId(session.webContentsId);
           contents?.send("netcatty:exit", { sessionId, exitCode: 1, error: err.message, reason: "error" });
         }
@@ -577,6 +647,7 @@ async function startTelnetSession(event, options) {
       sessionLogStreamManager.stopStream(sessionId);
       const session = sessions.get(sessionId);
       if (session) {
+        session.zmodemSentry?.cancel();
         const contents = electronModule.webContents.fromId(session.webContentsId);
         contents?.send("netcatty:exit", { sessionId, exitCode: hadError ? 1 : 0, reason: hadError ? "error" : "closed" });
       }
@@ -645,6 +716,7 @@ async function startMoshSession(event, options) {
       rows,
       env,
       cwd: os.homedir(),
+      encoding: null, // Return Buffer for ZMODEM binary support
     });
 
     const session = {
@@ -682,11 +754,37 @@ async function startMoshSession(event, options) {
     });
     session.flushPendingData = flushMosh;
 
-    proc.onData((data) => {
-      trackSessionIdlePrompt(session, data);
-      bufferMoshData(data);
-      sessionLogStreamManager.appendData(sessionId, data);
-    });
+    if (process.platform !== "win32") {
+      const moshDecoder = new StringDecoder("utf8");
+      const moshZmodemSentry = createZmodemSentry({
+        sessionId,
+        onData(buf) {
+          const str = moshDecoder.write(buf);
+          if (!str) return;
+          trackSessionIdlePrompt(session, str);
+          bufferMoshData(str);
+          sessionLogStreamManager.appendData(sessionId, str);
+        },
+        writeToRemote(buf) {
+          try { return proc.write(buf); } catch { return true; }
+        },
+        getWebContents() {
+          return electronModule.webContents.fromId(session.webContentsId);
+        },
+        label: "Mosh",
+      });
+      session.zmodemSentry = moshZmodemSentry;
+
+      proc.onData((data) => {
+        moshZmodemSentry.consume(data);
+      });
+    } else {
+      proc.onData((data) => {
+        trackSessionIdlePrompt(session, data);
+        bufferMoshData(data);
+        sessionLogStreamManager.appendData(sessionId, data);
+      });
+    }
 
     proc.onExit((evt) => {
       flushMosh();
@@ -790,17 +888,33 @@ async function startSerialSession(event, options) {
           });
         }
 
-        serialPort.on('data', (data) => {
-          const decoded = serialDecoder.write(data);
-          if (decoded) {
+        const serialZmodemSentry = createZmodemSentry({
+          sessionId,
+          onData(buf) {
+            const decoded = serialDecoder.write(buf);
+            if (!decoded) return;
             const contents = electronModule.webContents.fromId(session.webContentsId);
             contents?.send("netcatty:data", { sessionId, data: decoded });
             sessionLogStreamManager.appendData(sessionId, decoded);
-          }
+          },
+          writeToRemote(buf) {
+            try { return serialPort.write(buf); } catch { return true; }
+          },
+          getWebContents() {
+            return electronModule.webContents.fromId(session.webContentsId);
+          },
+          label: "Serial",
+        });
+        session.zmodemSentry = serialZmodemSentry;
+
+        serialPort.on('data', (data) => {
+          // data is already Buffer from serialport — feed to sentry
+          serialZmodemSentry.consume(data);
         });
 
         serialPort.on('error', (err) => {
           console.error(`[Serial] Port error: ${err.message}`);
+          session.zmodemSentry?.cancel();
           sessionLogStreamManager.stopStream(sessionId);
           const contents = electronModule.webContents.fromId(session.webContentsId);
           contents?.send("netcatty:exit", { sessionId, exitCode: 1, error: err.message, reason: "error" });
@@ -809,6 +923,7 @@ async function startSerialSession(event, options) {
 
         serialPort.on('close', () => {
           console.log(`[Serial] Port closed`);
+          session.zmodemSentry?.cancel();
           sessionLogStreamManager.stopStream(sessionId);
           const contents = electronModule.webContents.fromId(session.webContentsId);
           contents?.send("netcatty:exit", { sessionId, exitCode: 0, reason: "closed" });
@@ -830,7 +945,15 @@ async function startSerialSession(event, options) {
 function writeToSession(event, payload) {
   const session = sessions.get(payload.sessionId);
   if (!session) return;
-  
+
+  // During ZMODEM transfer, block terminal input (Ctrl+C cancels the transfer)
+  if (session.zmodemSentry?.isActive()) {
+    if (payload.data === '\x03') {
+      session.zmodemSentry.cancel();
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+
   try {
     if (session.stream) {
       session.stream.write(payload.data);
@@ -887,6 +1010,7 @@ function closeSession(event, payload) {
   if (!session) return;
   
   try {
+    session.zmodemSentry?.cancel();
     session.flushPendingData?.();
     if (session.stream) {
       session.stream.close();
@@ -999,6 +1123,7 @@ function cleanupAllSessions() {
   console.log(`[Terminal] Cleaning up ${sessions.size} sessions before quit`);
   for (const [sessionId, session] of sessions) {
     try {
+      session.zmodemSentry?.cancel();
       if (session.stream) {
         session.stream.close();
         session.conn?.end();

electron/bridges/zmodemHelper.cjs

@@ -0,0 +1,794 @@
+/**
+ * ZMODEM Helper - Provides ZMODEM file transfer support for terminal sessions.
+ *
+ * Architecture: ZMODEM detection and transfer runs entirely in the main process.
+ * The Sentry wraps the raw data stream and routes data either to the normal
+ * string-based terminal pipeline (via `to_terminal`) or to the ZMODEM protocol
+ * handler.  This avoids any changes to the IPC / preload / renderer data path.
+ *
+ * The renderer is only notified for progress display via lightweight IPC events.
+ */
+
+const Zmodem = require("zmodem.js");
+const fs = require("node:fs");
+const path = require("node:path");
+
+// Lazy-load electron to avoid issues when requiring from non-electron contexts
+let _electron = null;
+function getElectron() {
+  if (!_electron) _electron = require("electron");
+  return _electron;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create a ZMODEM sentry that wraps a session's data stream.
+ *
+ * All raw data from the PTY / SSH stream / socket should be fed into
+ * `consume()`.  The sentry transparently calls `onData(str)` for normal
+ * terminal output and handles ZMODEM transfers internally.
+ *
+ * @param {object} opts
+ * @param {string} opts.sessionId
+ * @param {(data: Buffer) => void} opts.onData
+ *   Called with raw bytes during normal (non-ZMODEM) operation.
+ *   The caller is responsible for charset-aware decoding (UTF-8, iconv, etc.).
+ * @param {(buf: Buffer) => void} opts.writeToRemote
+ *   Write raw bytes back to the remote side (PTY / SSH stream / socket).
+ * @param {() => import('electron').WebContents | null} opts.getWebContents
+ *   Returns the Electron WebContents for sending progress IPC events.
+ * @param {string} [opts.label]
+ *   Human-readable label for log messages (e.g. "Local", "SSH").
+ * @returns {ZmodemSentryWrapper}
+ */
+function createZmodemSentry(opts) {
+  const {
+    sessionId,
+    onData,
+    writeToRemote,
+    getWebContents,
+    interruptRemote,
+    label = "Session",
+  } = opts;
+
+  let active = false;
+  let currentZSession = null;
+  let _needsDrain = false;
+  const pendingEchoes = [];
+  let pendingTerminalSuppression = null;
+  let cancelInterruptTimer = null;
+  let ignoreDetectionUntil = 0;
+  // After aborting, suppress incoming data briefly so residual ZMODEM
+  // protocol bytes from the remote don't flood the terminal as garbage.
+  let cooldownUntil = 0;
+  const COOLDOWN_MS = 2000;
+  const ECHO_TTL_MS = 1500;
+  const ECHO_MAX_BYTES = 256;
+
+  function prunePendingEchoes(now = Date.now()) {
+    while (pendingEchoes.length && pendingEchoes[0].expiresAt <= now) {
+      pendingEchoes.shift();
+    }
+  }
+
+  function rememberOutgoingEcho(octets) {
+    const buf = Buffer.from(octets);
+    if (!buf.length || buf.length > ECHO_MAX_BYTES) return;
+    prunePendingEchoes();
+    pendingEchoes.push({
+      buf,
+      expiresAt: Date.now() + ECHO_TTL_MS,
+    });
+  }
+
+  function stripEchoedOutgoingData(data) {
+    if (!pendingEchoes.length) return data;
+
+    prunePendingEchoes();
+
+    let buf = Buffer.isBuffer(data) ? data : Buffer.from(data);
+    let mutated = false;
+
+    while (pendingEchoes.length && buf.length) {
+      const nextEcho = pendingEchoes[0].buf;
+      if (buf.length < nextEcho.length) break;
+      if (!buf.subarray(0, nextEcho.length).equals(nextEcho)) break;
+
+      mutated = true;
+      buf = buf.subarray(nextEcho.length);
+      pendingEchoes.shift();
+    }
+
+    return mutated ? buf : data;
+  }
+
+  function stripPendingTerminalSuppression(data) {
+    if (!pendingTerminalSuppression?.length) return data;
+
+    let buf = Buffer.isBuffer(data) ? data : Buffer.from(data);
+    const fullMatchAt = buf.indexOf(pendingTerminalSuppression);
+    if (fullMatchAt !== -1) {
+      buf = Buffer.concat([
+        buf.subarray(0, fullMatchAt),
+        buf.subarray(fullMatchAt + pendingTerminalSuppression.length),
+      ]);
+      pendingTerminalSuppression = null;
+      return buf;
+    }
+
+    const maxMatch = Math.min(pendingTerminalSuppression.length, buf.length);
+    let matchLen = 0;
+    while (matchLen < maxMatch && buf[matchLen] === pendingTerminalSuppression[matchLen]) {
+      matchLen += 1;
+    }
+
+    if (!matchLen) return buf;
+
+    buf = buf.subarray(matchLen);
+    pendingTerminalSuppression = matchLen === pendingTerminalSuppression.length
+      ? null
+      : pendingTerminalSuppression.subarray(matchLen);
+
+    return buf;
+  }
+
+  function stripVisibleZmodemHeaders(data) {
+    let buf = Buffer.isBuffer(data) ? data : Buffer.from(data);
+    let searchFrom = 0;
+
+    while (searchFrom < buf.length) {
+      const prefixAt = buf.indexOf(Buffer.from([0x2a, 0x2a, 0x18, 0x42]), searchFrom);
+      if (prefixAt === -1) break;
+
+      const minHeaderLength = 20;
+      if (buf.length - prefixAt < minHeaderLength) break;
+
+      let isHexHeader = true;
+      for (let i = 0; i < 14; i += 1) {
+        const byte = buf[prefixAt + 4 + i];
+        const isHexDigit =
+          (byte >= 0x30 && byte <= 0x39) ||
+          (byte >= 0x41 && byte <= 0x46) ||
+          (byte >= 0x61 && byte <= 0x66);
+        if (!isHexDigit) {
+          isHexHeader = false;
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (!isHexHeader) {
+        searchFrom = prefixAt + 1;
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      let headerLength = 18;
+      if (buf[prefixAt + 18] === 0x0d && buf[prefixAt + 19] === 0x0a) {
+        headerLength = 20;
+        if (buf[prefixAt + 20] === 0x11) {
+          headerLength = 21;
+        }
+      }
+
+      buf = Buffer.concat([
+        buf.subarray(0, prefixAt),
+        buf.subarray(prefixAt + headerLength),
+      ]);
+      searchFrom = prefixAt;
+    }
+
+    return buf;
+  }
+
+  function looksLikeResidualZmodemData(data) {
+    const buf = Buffer.isBuffer(data) ? data : Buffer.from(data);
+    if (!buf.length) return true;
+
+    for (const byte of buf) {
+      const isResidualControl =
+        byte === 0x18 || // CAN / ZDLE
+        byte === 0x08 || // backspace from abort sequence
+        byte === 0x11 || // XON
+        byte === 0x13 || // XOFF
+        byte === 0x0d ||
+        byte === 0x0a;
+      if (isResidualControl) continue;
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  function sendExtraAbortBytes() {
+    try {
+      writeToRemote(Buffer.from([0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18]));
+    } catch {
+      /* ignore */
+    }
+  }
+
+  function scheduleRemoteInterruptAfterCancel(transferRole) {
+    if (cancelInterruptTimer) {
+      clearTimeout(cancelInterruptTimer);
+      cancelInterruptTimer = null;
+    }
+
+    if (transferRole !== "send") return;
+    ignoreDetectionUntil = Date.now() + 300;
+
+    try { interruptRemote?.(); } catch { /* ignore */ }
+
+    // Some rz builds (notably Debian's lrzsz) can stay attached to the tty
+    // after a protocol cancel. Follow up with Ctrl+C so the remote shell
+    // reliably regains control. If rz is already gone, this just refreshes
+    // the prompt like a normal interactive interrupt.
+    cancelInterruptTimer = setTimeout(() => {
+      cancelInterruptTimer = null;
+      try { interruptRemote?.(); } catch { /* ignore */ }
+      try { writeToRemote(Buffer.from("\x03")); } catch { /* ignore */ }
+    }, 120);
+  }
+
+  function isIgnorableSendKeepaliveError(errMsg) {
+    return Boolean(
+      active &&
+      currentZSession?.type === "send" &&
+      !currentZSession?._sending_file &&
+      errMsg.includes("Unhandled header: ZRINIT")
+    );
+  }
+
+  function isIgnorableSendResumePingError(errMsg) {
+    return Boolean(
+      active &&
+      currentZSession?.type === "send" &&
+      !currentZSession?._sending_file &&
+      currentZSession?._next_header_handler?.ZRINIT &&
+      errMsg.includes("Unhandled header: ZRPOS")
+    );
+  }
+
+
+  const sentry = new Zmodem.Sentry({
+    to_terminal(octets) {
+      // Normal data – pass raw bytes to the caller for charset-aware decoding.
+      let sanitizedOctets = stripPendingTerminalSuppression(Buffer.from(octets));
+      sanitizedOctets = stripVisibleZmodemHeaders(sanitizedOctets);
+      if (!sanitizedOctets.length) return;
+      onData(sanitizedOctets);
+    },
+
+    sender(octets) {
+      // ZMODEM protocol bytes – send raw to remote.
+      rememberOutgoingEcho(octets);
+      const ok = writeToRemote(Buffer.from(octets));
+      // Track backpressure: if stream.write() returned false, the
+      // kernel TCP buffer is full.  The upload loop should pause.
+      if (ok === false) _needsDrain = true;
+    },
+
+    on_detect(detection) {
+      if (active) {
+        console.warn(`[ZMODEM][${label}] Detection while transfer active; denying`);
+        detection.deny();
+        return;
+      }
+      if (Date.now() < ignoreDetectionUntil) {
+        console.log(`[ZMODEM][${label}] Ignoring stray detection during cancel grace window`);
+        detection.deny();
+        return;
+      }
+      active = true;
+      const zsession = detection.confirm();
+      currentZSession = zsession;
+      pendingTerminalSuppression = zsession.type === "receive"
+        ? Buffer.from(Zmodem.Header.build("ZRQINIT").to_hex())
+        : zsession._last_ZRINIT?.to_hex
+          ? Buffer.from(zsession._last_ZRINIT.to_hex())
+          : null;
+
+      const contents = getWebContents();
+      const transferType = zsession.type === "send" ? "upload" : "download";
+
+      console.log(`[ZMODEM][${label}] Detected ${transferType} for session ${sessionId}`);
+
+      safeSend(contents, "netcatty:zmodem:detect", {
+        sessionId,
+        transferType,
+      });
+
+      // Provide a drain helper so the upload loop can pause when the
+      // underlying transport's write buffer is full.
+      const transferOpts = {
+        ...opts,
+        waitForDrain: () => {
+          if (!_needsDrain) return Promise.resolve();
+          _needsDrain = false;
+          // Yield to the event loop so Node can flush buffered writes to
+          // the kernel.  Using setImmediate (not setTimeout) avoids any
+          // fixed delay — we resume as soon as the I/O phase completes.
+          return new Promise((resolve) => setImmediate(resolve));
+        },
+      };
+      handleTransfer(zsession, transferType, transferOpts)
+        .then(() => {
+          // Only act if this is still the active session (not replaced by a new one)
+          if (currentZSession !== zsession) return;
+          console.log(`[ZMODEM][${label}] Transfer completed for session ${sessionId}`);
+          safeSend(contents, "netcatty:zmodem:complete", { sessionId });
+        })
+        .catch((err) => {
+          if (currentZSession !== zsession) return;
+          console.error(`[ZMODEM][${label}] Transfer error:`, err.message || err);
+          try { zsession.abort(); } catch { /* ignore */ }
+          safeSend(contents, "netcatty:zmodem:error", {
+            sessionId,
+            error: String(err.message || err),
+          });
+        })
+        .finally(() => {
+          // Only clear state if this is still the active session
+          if (currentZSession === zsession) {
+            active = false;
+            currentZSession = null;
+          }
+        });
+    },
+
+    on_retract() {
+      // False positive – sentry automatically resumes passthrough.
+    },
+  });
+
+  return {
+    /**
+     * Feed raw bytes from the session into the sentry.
+     * @param {Buffer|Uint8Array} data
+     */
+    consume(data) {
+      // During cooldown after abort, unconditionally suppress all incoming
+      // data.  sz can stream large amounts of file data that's still in
+      // SSH/TCP buffers after we send CAN; checking content doesn't help
+      // because the residual data contains arbitrary printable bytes.
+      if (cooldownUntil) {
+        const now = Date.now();
+        if (now < cooldownUntil) {
+          // Keep sending CAN in case earlier ones were lost in the flood
+          if (now - (cooldownUntil - COOLDOWN_MS) > 200) {
+            sendExtraAbortBytes();
+          }
+          return; // drop everything during cooldown
+        }
+        cooldownUntil = 0;
+        // After cooldown, let this chunk through — it's likely the shell prompt
+      }
+
+      try {
+        const sanitizedData = stripEchoedOutgoingData(data);
+        if (!sanitizedData.length) return;
+        sentry.consume(sanitizedData);
+      } catch (err) {
+        const errMsg = String(err.message || err);
+        console.error(`[ZMODEM][${label}] Sentry consume error:`, errMsg);
+
+        const wasActive = active;
+
+        // lrzsz's `rz` may resend ZRINIT while we're waiting for the user
+        // to choose files. zmodem.js doesn't model that pre-offer keepalive,
+        // but the repeated header is harmless, so ignore it and keep waiting.
+        if (isIgnorableSendKeepaliveError(errMsg)) {
+          console.log(`[ZMODEM][${label}] Ignoring repeated pre-offer ZRINIT`);
+          return;
+        }
+
+        // Some receivers emit a final ZRPOS ping right before they send the
+        // post-file ZRINIT. If that ping is processed a beat late, zmodem.js
+        // complains even though the transfer can continue normally.
+        if (isIgnorableSendResumePingError(errMsg)) {
+          console.log(`[ZMODEM][${label}] Ignoring late post-file ZRPOS`);
+          return;
+        }
+
+        // ZFIN/OO mismatch: the file transfer completed (ZFIN exchanged)
+        // but the shell prompt arrived before the "OO" end marker.  This
+        // is common over SSH because sz exits and the shell resumes before
+        // the "OO" acknowledgement is sent.  Treat as successful transfer.
+        // Do NOT abort() here — that sends CAN bytes to the remote shell.
+        // Instead, manually clean up the sentry's internal session state.
+        if (wasActive && errMsg.includes("ZFIN") && errMsg.includes("OO")) {
+          console.log(`[ZMODEM][${label}] ZFIN/OO mismatch — treating as success`);
+          if (currentZSession) {
+            try { currentZSession._on_session_end(); } catch { /* ignore */ }
+          }
+          active = false;
+          currentZSession = null;
+          safeSend(getWebContents(), "netcatty:zmodem:complete", { sessionId });
+          try { sentry.consume(data); } catch { /* ignore */ }
+          return;
+        }
+
+        // For all other errors, abort and send extra CAN sequences to
+        // ensure the remote rz/sz process stops transmitting.
+        if (currentZSession) {
+          try { currentZSession.abort(); } catch { /* ignore */ }
+        }
+        sendExtraAbortBytes();
+        // Follow up with Ctrl+C after a short delay to kill rz/sz on
+        // Debian and other systems where it stays attached after CAN.
+        setTimeout(() => {
+          try { writeToRemote(Buffer.from("\x03")); } catch { /* ignore */ }
+        }, 150);
+
+        active = false;
+        currentZSession = null;
+        // Enter cooldown: discard incoming data briefly while the remote
+        // processes our CAN sequence and stops sending ZMODEM frames.
+        cooldownUntil = Date.now() + COOLDOWN_MS;
+
+        if (wasActive) {
+          safeSend(getWebContents(), "netcatty:zmodem:error", {
+            sessionId,
+            error: errMsg,
+          });
+        }
+      }
+    },
+
+    /** Whether a ZMODEM transfer is currently in progress. */
+    isActive() {
+      return active;
+    },
+
+    /** Cancel the current ZMODEM transfer. */
+    cancel() {
+      if (currentZSession) {
+        const transferRole = currentZSession.type;
+        console.log(`[ZMODEM][${label}] Cancelling transfer for session ${sessionId}`);
+        try { currentZSession.abort(); } catch { /* ignore */ }
+        sendExtraAbortBytes();
+        active = false;
+        currentZSession = null;
+        cooldownUntil = Date.now() + COOLDOWN_MS;
+        scheduleRemoteInterruptAfterCancel(transferRole);
+        safeSend(getWebContents(), "netcatty:zmodem:error", {
+          sessionId,
+          error: "Transfer cancelled",
+        });
+      }
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Shared helpers (module-level, usable from handleUpload / handleDownload)
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/**
+ * Race a promise against a timeout.  If the promise doesn't settle within
+ * `ms`, resolve with undefined instead of hanging forever.  This prevents
+ * zmodem.js internal promises (xfer.end, zsession.close) from blocking
+ * indefinitely after cancel/abort.
+ */
+function withTimeout(promise, ms) {
+  let timer;
+  return Promise.race([
+    promise,
+    new Promise((_, reject) => {
+      timer = setTimeout(() => reject(new Error("ZMODEM handshake timeout")), ms);
+    }),
+  ]).finally(() => clearTimeout(timer));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Send CAN bytes + delayed Ctrl-C to kill the remote rz/sz process.
+ * Used from dialog-cancel paths that run outside the sentry closure.
+ */
+function abortRemoteProcess(writeToRemote) {
+  try { writeToRemote(Buffer.from([0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18])); } catch { /* ignore */ }
+  setTimeout(() => {
+    try { writeToRemote(Buffer.from("\x03")); } catch { /* ignore */ }
+  }, 150);
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Transfer handlers
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+async function handleTransfer(zsession, transferType, opts) {
+  if (transferType === "upload") {
+    await handleUpload(zsession, opts);
+  } else {
+    await handleDownload(zsession, opts);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Upload files to the remote (remote executed `rz`).
+ */
+async function handleUpload(zsession, opts) {
+  const { sessionId, getWebContents } = opts;
+  const contents = getWebContents();
+  const { BrowserWindow, dialog } = getElectron();
+  const yieldToIO = () => new Promise((resolve) => setImmediate(resolve));
+
+  const win = contents ? BrowserWindow.fromWebContents(contents) : null;
+  const result = await dialog.showOpenDialog(win || undefined, {
+    properties: ["openFile", "multiSelections"],
+    title: "Select files to upload (ZMODEM)",
+  });
+
+  if (result.canceled || !result.filePaths.length) {
+    try { zsession.abort(); } catch { /* ignore */ }
+    abortRemoteProcess(opts.writeToRemote);
+    throw new Error("Transfer cancelled");
+  }
+
+  const filePaths = result.filePaths;
+  const fileStats = filePaths.map((fp) => fs.statSync(fp));
+
+  for (let i = 0; i < filePaths.length; i++) {
+    const filePath = filePaths[i];
+    const stat = fileStats[i];
+    const name = path.basename(filePath);
+
+    safeSend(contents, "netcatty:zmodem:progress", {
+      sessionId,
+      filename: name,
+      transferred: 0,
+      total: stat.size,
+      fileIndex: i,
+      fileCount: filePaths.length,
+      transferType: "upload",
+    });
+
+    let bytesRemaining = 0;
+    for (let j = i; j < fileStats.length; j++) bytesRemaining += fileStats[j].size;
+
+    const xfer = await zsession.send_offer({
+      name,
+      size: stat.size,
+      mtime: new Date(stat.mtimeMs),
+      files_remaining: filePaths.length - i,
+      bytes_remaining: bytesRemaining,
+    });
+
+    if (!xfer) {
+      // Receiver skipped this file
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    // Read and send in chunks
+    const CHUNK_SIZE = 64 * 1024; // Leave room for inbound ZMODEM control frames
+    const fd = fs.openSync(filePath, "r");
+    const buf = Buffer.alloc(CHUNK_SIZE);
+    let sent = 0;
+
+    try {
+      while (true) {
+        const bytesRead = fs.readSync(fd, buf, 0, CHUNK_SIZE);
+        if (bytesRead === 0) break;
+
+        // zmodem.js send() is synchronous and triggers writeToRemote via
+        // the sentry's sender callback.  Yield after each chunk so the
+        // event loop can flush buffered writes and process inbound control
+        // frames, preventing unbounded memory growth on slow links.
+        xfer.send(new Uint8Array(buf.buffer, buf.byteOffset, bytesRead));
+        sent += bytesRead;
+
+        safeSend(contents, "netcatty:zmodem:progress", {
+          sessionId,
+          filename: name,
+          transferred: sent,
+          total: stat.size,
+          fileIndex: i,
+          fileCount: filePaths.length,
+          transferType: "upload",
+        });
+
+        // Wait for transport to drain if its buffer is full, then yield
+        // so inbound ZMODEM control frames can be processed.
+        if (opts.waitForDrain) await opts.waitForDrain();
+        await yieldToIO();
+      }
+      // All data written to Node.js buffer — but TCP may still be
+      // flushing to the remote.  Show "finalizing" state while we
+      // wait for the remote to acknowledge.
+      safeSend(contents, "netcatty:zmodem:progress", {
+        sessionId,
+        filename: name,
+        transferred: stat.size,
+        total: stat.size,
+        fileIndex: i,
+        fileCount: filePaths.length,
+        transferType: "upload",
+        finalizing: true,
+      });
+      await withTimeout(xfer.end(), 120000);
+    } finally {
+      fs.closeSync(fd);
+    }
+  }
+
+  await withTimeout(zsession.close(), 120000);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Download files from the remote (remote executed `sz <file>`).
+ */
+async function handleDownload(zsession, opts) {
+  const { sessionId, getWebContents } = opts;
+  const contents = getWebContents();
+  const { BrowserWindow, dialog } = getElectron();
+
+  const win = contents ? BrowserWindow.fromWebContents(contents) : null;
+  let fileIndex = 0;
+  const pendingStreams = [];
+  const pendingOffers = [];
+  let lastProgressTime = 0;
+  let downloadDir = null;
+  let rejectSession = () => {};
+
+  const processOffer = (xfer, reject) => {
+    if (!downloadDir) {
+      pendingOffers.push(xfer);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const detail = xfer.get_details();
+    // Sanitize filename to prevent path traversal attacks
+    const rawName = detail.name || `untitled_${Date.now()}`;
+    const name = path.basename(rawName);
+    const size = detail.size || 0;
+    const savePath = path.join(downloadDir, name);
+    const currentIndex = fileIndex++;
+
+    safeSend(contents, "netcatty:zmodem:progress", {
+      sessionId,
+      filename: name,
+      transferred: 0,
+      total: size,
+      fileIndex: currentIndex,
+      fileCount: -1, // unknown total until session ends
+      transferType: "download",
+    });
+
+    // Avoid overwriting existing files — append (1), (2), etc.
+    let finalPath = savePath;
+    if (fs.existsSync(savePath)) {
+      const ext = path.extname(name);
+      const base = path.basename(name, ext);
+      let n = 1;
+      do {
+        finalPath = path.join(downloadDir, `${base} (${n})${ext}`);
+        n++;
+      } while (fs.existsSync(finalPath));
+    }
+
+    const ws = fs.createWriteStream(finalPath);
+    let received = 0;
+    let writeAborted = false;
+
+    // Track pending write streams (and paths) for cleanup at session end
+    pendingStreams.push({ stream: ws, path: finalPath, completed: false });
+
+    ws.on("error", (err) => {
+      writeAborted = true;
+      console.error(`[ZMODEM] Write stream error for ${name}:`, err.message);
+      ws.destroy();
+      reject(err);
+    });
+
+    xfer.accept({
+      on_input(payload) {
+        if (writeAborted) return;
+        const chunk = Buffer.from(payload);
+        ws.write(chunk);
+        received += chunk.length;
+
+        // Throttle progress IPC to ~10 updates/sec to avoid
+        // overwhelming the renderer on fast links.
+        const now = Date.now();
+        if (now - lastProgressTime >= 100) {
+          lastProgressTime = now;
+          safeSend(contents, "netcatty:zmodem:progress", {
+            sessionId,
+            filename: name,
+            transferred: received,
+            total: size,
+            fileIndex: currentIndex,
+            fileCount: -1,
+            transferType: "download",
+          });
+        }
+      },
+    }).catch((err) => {
+      ws.destroy();
+      reject(err);
+    });
+
+    xfer.on("complete", () => {
+      const entry = pendingStreams.find((e) => e.stream === ws);
+      if (entry) entry.completed = true;
+      ws.end();
+    });
+  };
+
+  const sessionPromise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    rejectSession = reject;
+    zsession.on("offer", (xfer) => {
+      try {
+        processOffer(xfer, reject);
+      } catch (err) {
+        reject(err);
+      }
+    });
+
+    // Wait for all write streams to finish flushing before resolving.
+    // If a stream never received end() (e.g. transfer was cancelled),
+    // destroy it so the fd is released and finish/close can fire.
+    zsession.on("session_end", async () => {
+      try {
+        await Promise.all(
+          pendingStreams.map((entry) => {
+            const { stream: s, path: filePath, completed } = entry;
+            if (s.writableFinished) {
+              // Delete partial files that never completed
+              if (!completed) {
+                try { fs.unlinkSync(filePath); } catch { /* ignore */ }
+              }
+              return Promise.resolve();
+            }
+            if (!s.writableEnded) s.destroy();
+            return new Promise((r) => {
+              s.on("close", () => {
+                // Clean up partial downloads
+                if (!completed) {
+                  try { fs.unlinkSync(filePath); } catch { /* ignore */ }
+                }
+                r();
+              });
+            });
+          })
+        );
+      } catch { /* ignore — error handler already called reject */ }
+      resolve();
+    });
+  });
+
+  // Start the session BEFORE showing the dialog so lrzsz doesn't
+  // time out waiting for ZRINIT while the user browses for a folder.
+  zsession.start();
+
+  const result = await dialog.showOpenDialog(win || undefined, {
+    properties: ["openDirectory", "createDirectory"],
+    title: "Select download directory (ZMODEM)",
+  });
+
+  if (result.canceled || !result.filePaths.length) {
+    try { zsession.abort(); } catch { /* ignore */ }
+    abortRemoteProcess(opts.writeToRemote);
+    void sessionPromise.catch(() => {});
+    throw new Error("Transfer cancelled");
+  }
+
+  downloadDir = result.filePaths[0];
+  while (pendingOffers.length) {
+    processOffer(pendingOffers.shift(), rejectSession);
+  }
+
+  await sessionPromise;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Utilities
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+function safeSend(contents, channel, data) {
+  try {
+    if (contents && !contents.isDestroyed()) {
+      contents.send(channel, data);
+    }
+  } catch {
+    // WebContents may have been destroyed between the check and the send
+  }
+}
+
+module.exports = { createZmodemSentry };

electron/main.cjs

@@ -505,6 +505,14 @@ const registerBridges = (win) => {
   aiBridge.registerHandlers(ipcMain);
   crashLogBridge.registerHandlers(ipcMain);
 
+  // ZMODEM cancel handler
+  ipcMain.on("netcatty:zmodem:cancel", (_event, payload) => {
+    const session = sessions.get(payload.sessionId);
+    if (session?.zmodemSentry) {
+      session.zmodemSentry.cancel();
+    }
+  });
+
   // Fig autocomplete spec loader — uses dynamic import() since @withfig/autocomplete is ESM
   ipcMain.handle("netcatty:figspec:list", async () => {
     try {

electron/preload.cjs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ const transferCompleteListeners = new Map();
 const transferErrorListeners = new Map();
 const transferCancelledListeners = new Map();
 const chainProgressListeners = new Map();
+const zmodemListeners = new Map();
 const sftpConnectionProgressListeners = new Set();
 const authFailedListeners = new Map();
 const languageChangeListeners = new Set();
@@ -109,6 +110,28 @@ function _deliverToListeners(sessionId, data) {
   });
 }
 
+// ZMODEM file transfer events
+ipcRenderer.on("netcatty:zmodem:detect", (_event, payload) => {
+  const set = zmodemListeners.get(payload.sessionId);
+  if (!set) return;
+  set.forEach((cb) => { try { cb({ type: "detect", ...payload }); } catch {} });
+});
+ipcRenderer.on("netcatty:zmodem:progress", (_event, payload) => {
+  const set = zmodemListeners.get(payload.sessionId);
+  if (!set) return;
+  set.forEach((cb) => { try { cb({ type: "progress", ...payload }); } catch {} });
+});
+ipcRenderer.on("netcatty:zmodem:complete", (_event, payload) => {
+  const set = zmodemListeners.get(payload.sessionId);
+  if (!set) return;
+  set.forEach((cb) => { try { cb({ type: "complete", ...payload }); } catch {} });
+});
+ipcRenderer.on("netcatty:zmodem:error", (_event, payload) => {
+  const set = zmodemListeners.get(payload.sessionId);
+  if (!set) return;
+  set.forEach((cb) => { try { cb({ type: "error", ...payload }); } catch {} });
+});
+
 ipcRenderer.on("netcatty:data", (_event, payload) => {
   const set = dataListeners.get(payload.sessionId);
   if (!set) return;
@@ -153,6 +176,7 @@ ipcRenderer.on("netcatty:exit", (_event, payload) => {
   }
   dataListeners.delete(payload.sessionId);
   exitListeners.delete(payload.sessionId);
+  zmodemListeners.delete(payload.sessionId);
   const pendingTimer = _mcpFlushTimers.get(payload.sessionId);
   if (pendingTimer) {
     clearTimeout(pendingTimer);
@@ -569,6 +593,14 @@ const api = {
   },
   setSessionEncoding: (sessionId, encoding) =>
     ipcRenderer.invoke("netcatty:ssh:setEncoding", { sessionId, encoding }),
+  onZmodemEvent: (sessionId, cb) => {
+    if (!zmodemListeners.has(sessionId)) zmodemListeners.set(sessionId, new Set());
+    zmodemListeners.get(sessionId).add(cb);
+    return () => zmodemListeners.get(sessionId)?.delete(cb);
+  },
+  cancelZmodem: (sessionId) => {
+    ipcRenderer.send("netcatty:zmodem:cancel", { sessionId });
+  },
   onSessionData: (sessionId, cb) => {
     if (!dataListeners.has(sessionId)) dataListeners.set(sessionId, new Set());
     dataListeners.get(sessionId).add(cb);
@@ -1207,6 +1239,9 @@ const api = {
   aiAcpStream: async (requestId, chatSessionId, acpCommand, acpArgs, prompt, cwd, providerId, model, existingSessionId, historyMessages, images) => {
     return ipcRenderer.invoke("netcatty:ai:acp:stream", { requestId, chatSessionId, acpCommand, acpArgs, prompt, cwd, providerId, model, existingSessionId, historyMessages, images });
   },
+  aiAcpListModels: async (acpCommand, acpArgs, cwd, providerId, chatSessionId) => {
+    return ipcRenderer.invoke("netcatty:ai:acp:list-models", { acpCommand, acpArgs, cwd, providerId, chatSessionId });
+  },
   aiAcpCancel: async (requestId, chatSessionId) => {
     return ipcRenderer.invoke("netcatty:ai:acp:cancel", { requestId, chatSessionId });
   },

global.d.ts

@@ -263,6 +263,23 @@ declare global {
     writeToSession(sessionId: string, data: string): void;
     resizeSession(sessionId: string, cols: number, rows: number): void;
     closeSession(sessionId: string): void;
+    // ZMODEM file transfer
+    onZmodemEvent?(
+      sessionId: string,
+      cb: (event: {
+        type: 'detect' | 'progress' | 'complete' | 'error';
+        sessionId: string;
+        transferType?: 'upload' | 'download';
+        filename?: string;
+        transferred?: number;
+        total?: number;
+        fileIndex?: number;
+        fileCount?: number;
+        finalizing?: boolean;
+        error?: string;
+      }) => void
+    ): () => void;
+    cancelZmodem?(sessionId: string): void;
     onSessionData(sessionId: string, cb: (data: string) => void): () => void;
     onSessionExit(
       sessionId: string,

infrastructure/ai/managedAgents.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+import type { DiscoveredAgent, ExternalAgentConfig } from './types';
+
+export type ManagedAgentKey = 'codex' | 'claude' | 'copilot';
+
+const MANAGED_AGENT_META: Record<ManagedAgentKey, { commandNames: string[]; acpCommand: string }> = {
+  codex: { commandNames: ['codex', 'codex-acp'], acpCommand: 'codex-acp' },
+  claude: { commandNames: ['claude', 'claude-agent-acp'], acpCommand: 'claude-agent-acp' },
+  copilot: { commandNames: ['copilot'], acpCommand: 'copilot' },
+};
+
+function getCommandBasename(command: string | undefined): string {
+  const normalized = String(command || '').trim();
+  if (!normalized) return '';
+  const parts = normalized.split(/[\\/]/);
+  return (parts.pop() || '').toLowerCase();
+}
+
+function isPathLikeCommand(command: string | undefined): boolean {
+  const normalized = String(command || '').trim();
+  return normalized.includes('/') || normalized.includes('\\');
+}
+
+function matchesPrimaryCliBasename(command: string | undefined, agentKey: ManagedAgentKey): boolean {
+  const basename = getCommandBasename(command);
+  return basename === agentKey || basename.startsWith(`${agentKey}.`);
+}
+
+export function isSettingsManagedDiscoveredAgent(
+  agent: Pick<DiscoveredAgent, 'command'>,
+): agent is Pick<DiscoveredAgent, 'command'> & { command: ManagedAgentKey } {
+  return agent.command === 'codex' || agent.command === 'claude' || agent.command === 'copilot';
+}
+
+export function matchesManagedAgentConfig(
+  agent: Pick<ExternalAgentConfig, 'id' | 'command' | 'acpCommand'>,
+  agentKey: ManagedAgentKey,
+): boolean {
+  const meta = MANAGED_AGENT_META[agentKey];
+  const basename = getCommandBasename(agent.command);
+  return (
+    agent.id === `discovered_${agentKey}` ||
+    agent.acpCommand === meta.acpCommand ||
+    meta.commandNames.some((commandName) => basename === commandName || basename.startsWith(`${commandName}.`))
+  );
+}
+
+export function getManagedAgentStoredPath(
+  agents: ExternalAgentConfig[],
+  agentKey: ManagedAgentKey,
+): string | null {
+  const managedId = `discovered_${agentKey}`;
+  const preferredAgent = agents.find(
+    (agent) =>
+      agent.id === managedId &&
+      isPathLikeCommand(agent.command) &&
+      matchesPrimaryCliBasename(agent.command, agentKey),
+  );
+  if (preferredAgent) {
+    return preferredAgent.command;
+  }
+
+  const fallbackAgent = agents.find(
+    (agent) =>
+      matchesManagedAgentConfig(agent, agentKey) &&
+      isPathLikeCommand(agent.command) &&
+      matchesPrimaryCliBasename(agent.command, agentKey),
+  );
+  return fallbackAgent?.command ?? null;
+}

package-lock.json

@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@
         "use-stick-to-bottom": "^1.1.3",
         "uuid": "^13.0.0",
         "webdav": "^5.8.0",
+        "zmodem.js": "^0.1.10",
         "zod": "^4.3.6"
       },
       "devDependencies": {
@@ -8282,6 +8283,18 @@
         "buffer": "^5.1.0"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/crc-32": {
+      "version": "1.2.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/crc-32/-/crc-32-1.2.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-ROmzCKrTnOwybPcJApAA6WBWij23HVfGVNKqqrZpuyZOHqK2CwHSvpGuyt/UNNvaIjEd8X5IFGp4Mh+Ie1IHJQ==",
+      "license": "Apache-2.0",
+      "bin": {
+        "crc32": "bin/crc32.njs"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=0.8"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/cross-dirname": {
       "version": "0.1.0",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/cross-dirname/-/cross-dirname-0.1.0.tgz",
@@ -16276,6 +16289,15 @@
         "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/zmodem.js": {
+      "version": "0.1.10",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/zmodem.js/-/zmodem.js-0.1.10.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-Z1DWngunZ/j3BmIzSJpFZVNV73iHkj89rxXX4IciJdU9ga3nZ7rJ5LkfjV/QDsKhc7bazDWTTJCLJ+iRXD82dw==",
+      "license": "Apache-2.0",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "crc-32": "^1.1.1"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/zod": {
       "version": "4.3.6",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/zod/-/zod-4.3.6.tgz",

package.json

@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@
     "use-stick-to-bottom": "^1.1.3",
     "uuid": "^13.0.0",
     "webdav": "^5.8.0",
+    "zmodem.js": "^0.1.10",
     "zod": "^4.3.6"
   },
   "devDependencies": {

public/ai/agents/copilot.svg

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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