Pin the host multi-select bar to the top of the page (#793)

The bulk-action bar for multi-select (selected count, Select All /
Deselect All / Delete / close) was rendered inside the Hosts
section, so it scrolled out of view as soon as the user moved
past the first row of cards.

Hoist the bar out of the scroll container and render it as a
sibling right after the top header. It is now always visible below
the header while multi-select is active in the Hosts section, and
slims down visually:

- Single flat row (no inner pill, no secondary border)
- Compact button sizing: h-7, px-2, text-xs, icon-12
- Bottom-only border for separation from the scroll area
- Count label forced to h-7 + leading-none so it vertically
  centers against the buttons

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

AGENTS.md

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ This project is wired around three layers: domain (pure logic), application stat
 - **UI** (`components/`, `App.tsx`): Presentation; depends on hooks and domain helpers only.
 
 ## How Things Talk
-- UI calls application hooks → hooks call domain helpers → persistence/config via infrastructure adapters.
+- UI calls application hooks -> hooks call domain helpers -> persistence/config via infrastructure adapters.
 - `App.tsx` wires hooks to components; no business logic should live in components beyond view glue.
 - Local storage keys are centralized in `infrastructure/config/storageKeys.ts`; avoid ad-hoc `localStorage` calls elsewhere.
 
@@ -44,6 +44,12 @@ This project is wired around three layers: domain (pure logic), application stat
 - Avoid direct network/fetch in components; add a service/adaptor first.
 - Maintain ASCII-only unless required by existing file content.
 
+## Review Boundaries
+- Treat `electron/cli/*`, `netcatty-tool-cli`, the CLI discovery file, and the local TCP bridge as internal Netcatty integration surfaces unless a task explicitly says otherwise.
+- Do not review those surfaces as public APIs by default, and do not assume they must support third-party callers, manual launches, or non-Netcatty agents.
+- On supported first-party paths, assume Netcatty's own launcher provides required integration environment such as `NETCATTY_TOOL_CLI_DISCOVERY_FILE`.
+- If a review concern depends on external exposure, third-party compatibility, or public API stability, call it out as out of scope unless the task explicitly includes that contract.
+
 ---
 
 ## Aside Panel Design System
@@ -54,20 +60,20 @@ VaultView subpages (Hosts, Keychain, Port Forwarding, Snippets, Known Hosts) sha
 
 Import from `./ui/aside-panel`:
 ```tsx
-import { 
-  AsidePanel, 
-  AsidePanelHeader, 
-  AsidePanelContent, 
+import {
+  AsidePanel,
+  AsidePanelHeader,
+  AsidePanelContent,
   AsidePanelFooter,
   AsideActionMenu,
-  AsideActionMenuItem 
+  AsideActionMenuItem
 } from "./ui/aside-panel";
 ```
 
 ### Basic Usage
 ```tsx
-<AsidePanel 
-  open={isOpen} 
+<AsidePanel
+  open={isOpen}
   onClose={handleClose}
   title="Panel Title"
   subtitle="Optional subtitle"

App.tsx

@@ -18,21 +18,33 @@ import { resolveGroupDefaults, applyGroupDefaults } from './domain/groupConfig';
 import { resolveHostAuth } from './domain/sshAuth';
 import { resolveHostTerminalThemeId } from './domain/terminalAppearance';
 import { collectSessionIds } from './domain/workspace';
+import { resolveCloseIntent } from './application/state/resolveCloseIntent';
 import { TERMINAL_THEMES } from './infrastructure/config/terminalThemes';
 import { useCustomThemes } from './application/state/customThemeStore';
-import { applySyncPayload } from './application/syncPayload';
+import type { SyncPayload } from './domain/sync';
+import { applySyncPayload, buildSyncPayload, hasMeaningfulSyncData } from './application/syncPayload';
+import {
+  applyProtectedSyncPayload,
+  ensureVersionChangeBackup,
+} from './application/localVaultBackups';
 import { getCredentialProtectionAvailability } from './infrastructure/services/credentialProtection';
 import { netcattyBridge } from './infrastructure/services/netcattyBridge';
 import { localStorageAdapter } from './infrastructure/persistence/localStorageAdapter';
-import { STORAGE_KEY_DEBUG_HOTKEYS } from './infrastructure/config/storageKeys';
+import { AlertTriangle, Download, Trash2 } from 'lucide-react';
+import {
+  STORAGE_KEY_DEBUG_HOTKEYS,
+  STORAGE_KEY_PORT_FORWARDING,
+} from './infrastructure/config/storageKeys';
+import { getEffectiveKnownHosts } from './infrastructure/syncHelpers';
 import { TopTabs } from './components/TopTabs';
 import { Button } from './components/ui/button';
-import { Dialog, DialogContent, DialogFooter, DialogHeader, DialogTitle } from './components/ui/dialog';
+import { Dialog, DialogContent, DialogDescription, DialogFooter, DialogHeader, DialogTitle } from './components/ui/dialog';
 import { Input } from './components/ui/input';
 import { Label } from './components/ui/label';
 import { ToastProvider, toast } from './components/ui/toast';
 import { VaultView, VaultSection } from './components/VaultView';
 import { QuickAddSnippetDialog } from './components/QuickAddSnippetDialog';
+import { AddToWorkspaceDialog } from './components/workspace/AddToWorkspaceDialog';
 import { KeyboardInteractiveModal, KeyboardInteractiveRequest } from './components/KeyboardInteractiveModal';
 import { PassphraseModal, PassphraseRequest } from './components/PassphraseModal';
 import { cn } from './lib/utils';
@@ -167,6 +179,15 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
 
   const [isQuickSwitcherOpen, setIsQuickSwitcherOpen] = useState(false);
   const [isCreateWorkspaceOpen, setIsCreateWorkspaceOpen] = useState(false);
+  // Combined state for the AddToWorkspaceDialog. null = closed; mode
+  // determines whether picking targets appends them to an existing
+  // workspace (focus sidebar "+") or spins up a brand-new workspace
+  // tab (QuickSwitcher's New Workspace button).
+  const [addToWorkspaceDialog, setAddToWorkspaceDialog] = useState<
+    | { mode: 'append'; workspaceId: string }
+    | { mode: 'create' }
+    | null
+  >(null);
   const [quickSearch, setQuickSearch] = useState('');
   // Protocol selection dialog state for QuickSwitcher
   const [protocolSelectHost, setProtocolSelectHost] = useState<Host | null>(null);
@@ -178,10 +199,12 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
   const [passphraseQueue, setPassphraseQueue] = useState<PassphraseRequest[]>([]);
 
   const {
+    theme,
     setTheme,
     resolvedTheme,
     terminalThemeId,
     setTerminalThemeId,
+    followAppTerminalTheme,
     currentTerminalTheme,
     terminalFontFamilyId,
     setTerminalFontFamilyId,
@@ -219,6 +242,7 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
   }, [workspaceFocusStyle]);
 
   const {
+    isInitialized: isVaultInitialized,
     hosts,
     keys,
     identities,
@@ -278,6 +302,9 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
     createWorkspaceWithHosts,
     createWorkspaceFromSessions,
     addSessionToWorkspace,
+    appendHostToWorkspace,
+    appendLocalTerminalToWorkspace,
+    createWorkspaceFromTargets,
     updateSplitSizes,
     splitSession,
     toggleWorkspaceViewMode,
@@ -304,6 +331,12 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
   const activeTabId = useActiveTabId();
   const customThemes = useCustomThemes();
 
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!settings.showSftpTab && activeTabId === 'sftp') {
+      setActiveTabId('vault');
+    }
+  }, [settings.showSftpTab, activeTabId, setActiveTabId]);
+
   // Resolve the effective TerminalTheme for the currently focused terminal tab
   const hostById = useMemo(
     () => new Map(hosts.map((host) => [host.id, host])),
@@ -327,6 +360,11 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
     if (activeTabId === 'vault' || activeTabId === 'sftp') return null;
 
     const resolveTheme = (s: TerminalSession): TerminalTheme => {
+      // When "Follow Application Theme" is on, the UI-matched terminal
+      // theme overrides everything — including per-host theme overrides.
+      // This ensures all terminals match the app chrome regardless of
+      // individual host settings.
+      if (followAppTerminalTheme) return currentTerminalTheme;
       const host = hostById.get(s.hostId) ?? null;
       const themeId = resolveHostTerminalThemeId(host, currentTerminalTheme.id);
       return themeById.get(themeId) || currentTerminalTheme;
@@ -359,7 +397,7 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
     const session = sessionById.get(activeTabId);
     if (!session) return null;
     return resolveTheme(session);
-  }, [activeTabId, currentTerminalTheme, hostById, sessionById, themeById, workspaceById]);
+  }, [activeTabId, currentTerminalTheme, followAppTerminalTheme, hostById, sessionById, themeById, workspaceById]);
 
   useImmersiveMode({
     activeTabId,
@@ -381,8 +419,131 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
     [portForwardingRules],
   );
 
+  const buildCurrentSyncPayload = useCallback(() => {
+    let effectivePortForwardingRules = portForwardingRulesForSync;
+    if (effectivePortForwardingRules.length === 0) {
+      const stored = localStorageAdapter.read<typeof portForwardingRulesForSync>(
+        STORAGE_KEY_PORT_FORWARDING,
+      );
+      if (stored && Array.isArray(stored) && stored.length > 0) {
+        effectivePortForwardingRules = stored.map((rule) => ({
+          ...rule,
+          status: 'inactive' as const,
+          error: undefined,
+          lastUsedAt: undefined,
+        }));
+      }
+    }
+
+    return buildSyncPayload(
+      {
+        hosts,
+        keys,
+        identities,
+        snippets,
+        customGroups,
+        snippetPackages,
+        knownHosts: getEffectiveKnownHosts(knownHosts),
+        groupConfigs,
+      },
+      effectivePortForwardingRules,
+    );
+  }, [
+    customGroups,
+    groupConfigs,
+    hosts,
+    identities,
+    keys,
+    knownHosts,
+    portForwardingRulesForSync,
+    snippetPackages,
+    snippets,
+  ]);
+
+  const [startupSyncSafetyReady, setStartupSyncSafetyReady] = useState(false);
+  // buildCurrentSyncPayload's identity changes each time the vault
+  // settles. The retry effect below watches the underlying data arrays
+  // for hydration progress, and uses the ref to always read the latest
+  // builder without pulling buildCurrentSyncPayload itself into deps
+  // (its identity churns on unrelated state updates too).
+  const buildCurrentSyncPayloadRef = useRef(buildCurrentSyncPayload);
+  useEffect(() => {
+    buildCurrentSyncPayloadRef.current = buildCurrentSyncPayload;
+  }, [buildCurrentSyncPayload]);
+
+  const versionBackupAttemptedRef = useRef(false);
+  // Two-stage gate: once the vault has initialized we open the auto-sync
+  // gate immediately — the hook's own hasMeaningfulSyncData guard and
+  // the cross-window restore barrier prevent an empty-but-not-yet-
+  // hydrated snapshot from overwriting cloud data. The version-change
+  // backup itself is best-effort and retries below as vault data arrives.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (isVaultInitialized && !startupSyncSafetyReady) {
+      setStartupSyncSafetyReady(true);
+    }
+  }, [isVaultInitialized, startupSyncSafetyReady]);
+
+  // Retry the version-change backup as hosts/keys/snippets become
+  // available. ensureVersionChangeBackup refuses to advance the stored
+  // version stamp when the observed payload is empty, so running this
+  // effect repeatedly is safe and eventually latches once the vault has
+  // hydrated enough to be backed up (or the user genuinely stays empty,
+  // in which case the effect continues to no-op).
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!isVaultInitialized || versionBackupAttemptedRef.current) return;
+    const payload = buildCurrentSyncPayloadRef.current();
+    if (!hasMeaningfulSyncData(payload)) return;
+    versionBackupAttemptedRef.current = true;
+
+    let cancelled = false;
+    void (async () => {
+      try {
+        const info = await netcattyBridge.get()?.getAppInfo?.();
+        await ensureVersionChangeBackup(payload, info?.version ?? null);
+      } catch (error) {
+        if (!cancelled) {
+          // Reset the latch so a later data change (or the next mount)
+          // can retry. ensureVersionChangeBackup already leaves the
+          // version stamp untouched on failure, so retrying is safe.
+          versionBackupAttemptedRef.current = false;
+        }
+        console.error('[App] Failed to create version-change backup:', error);
+      }
+    })();
+
+    return () => {
+      cancelled = true;
+    };
+  }, [isVaultInitialized, hosts, keys, identities, snippets, customGroups, snippetPackages, knownHosts]);
+
+  // Memoized "apply a remote payload safely" callback. Stable identity
+  // across renders so useAutoSync's `syncNow` useCallback doesn't rebuild
+  // on unrelated App-level state changes (which would churn the debounced
+  // auto-sync useEffect dep chain).
+  const handleApplySyncPayload = useCallback(
+    (payload: SyncPayload) =>
+      applyProtectedSyncPayload({
+        buildPreApplyPayload: () => buildCurrentSyncPayload(),
+        applyPayload: () =>
+          applySyncPayload(payload, {
+            importVaultData: importDataFromString,
+            importPortForwardingRules,
+            onSettingsApplied: settings.rehydrateAllFromStorage,
+          }),
+        translateProtectiveBackupFailure: (message) =>
+          t('cloudSync.localBackups.protectiveBackupFailed', { message }),
+      }),
+    [
+      buildCurrentSyncPayload,
+      importDataFromString,
+      importPortForwardingRules,
+      settings.rehydrateAllFromStorage,
+      t,
+    ],
+  );
+
   // Auto-sync hook for cloud sync
-  const { syncNow: handleSyncNow } = useAutoSync({
+  const { syncNow: handleSyncNow, emptyVaultConflict, resolveEmptyVaultConflict } = useAutoSync({
     hosts,
     keys,
     identities,
@@ -393,13 +554,8 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
     knownHosts,
     groupConfigs,
     settingsVersion: settings.settingsVersion,
-    onApplyPayload: (payload) => {
-      applySyncPayload(payload, {
-        importVaultData: importDataFromString,
-        importPortForwardingRules,
-        onSettingsApplied: settings.rehydrateAllFromStorage,
-      });
-    },
+    startupReady: startupSyncSafetyReady,
+    onApplyPayload: handleApplySyncPayload,
   });
 
   const { clearAndRemoveSource, clearAndRemoveSources, unmanageSource } = useManagedSourceSync({
@@ -545,7 +701,7 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
       if (binding.category === 'sftp') {
         continue;
       }
-      const terminalActions = ['copy', 'paste', 'selectAll', 'clearBuffer', 'searchTerminal'];
+      const terminalActions = ['copy', 'paste', 'pasteSelection', 'selectAll', 'clearBuffer', 'searchTerminal'];
       if (terminalActions.includes(binding.action)) {
         if (isTerminalElement) {
           return;
@@ -850,6 +1006,10 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
   const addConnectionLogRef = useRef(addConnectionLog);
   addConnectionLogRef.current = addConnectionLog;
 
+  const closeSidePanelRef = useRef<(() => void) | null>(null);
+  const activeSidePanelTabRef = useRef<string | null>(null);
+  const closeTabInFlightRef = useRef(false);
+
   const createLocalTerminalWithCurrentShell = useCallback(() => {
     const resolved = resolveShellSetting(terminalSettings.localShell, discoveredShells);
     const matchedShell = discoveredShells.find(s => s.id === terminalSettings.localShell);
@@ -883,15 +1043,102 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
     return hotkeyScheme === 'mac' ? closeTabBinding.mac : closeTabBinding.pc;
   }, [hotkeyScheme, keyBindings]);
 
+  const confirmIfBusyLocalTerminal = useCallback(
+    async (sessionIds: string[]): Promise<boolean> => {
+      const bridge = netcattyBridge.get();
+      const localIds = sessionIds.filter((id) => {
+        const s = sessions.find((x) => x.id === id);
+        return s?.protocol === 'local';
+      });
+      const busyCommands: string[] = [];
+      for (const id of localIds) {
+        const children = (await bridge?.ptyGetChildProcesses?.(id)) ?? [];
+        if (children.length > 0) {
+          busyCommands.push(children[0].command);
+        }
+      }
+      if (busyCommands.length === 0) return true;
+
+      const primary = busyCommands[0];
+      const extraCount = busyCommands.length - 1;
+      const message =
+        extraCount > 0
+          ? t('confirm.closeBusyTerminal.messageWithMore', {
+              command: primary,
+              count: extraCount,
+            })
+          : t('confirm.closeBusyTerminal.message', { command: primary });
+
+      const ok = await bridge?.confirmCloseBusy?.({
+        command: primary,
+        title: t('confirm.closeBusyTerminal.title'),
+        message,
+        cancelLabel: t('confirm.closeBusyTerminal.cancel'),
+        closeLabel: t('confirm.closeBusyTerminal.close'),
+      });
+      return ok === true;
+    },
+    [sessions, t],
+  );
+
+  const closeTabsInFlightRef = useRef(false);
+
+  // Close many tabs at once with a single batched busy-shell confirmation.
+  // Used by the "Close all / Close others / Close to the right" context-menu
+  // actions on tabs (#748).
+  const closeTabsBatch = useCallback(
+    async (targetIds: string[]) => {
+      if (targetIds.length === 0) return;
+      if (closeTabsInFlightRef.current) return;
+
+      // Expand workspace ids into their constituent session ids so the busy
+      // probe sees every local shell that's about to be killed.
+      const sessionIdsToProbe: string[] = [];
+      for (const tabId of targetIds) {
+        const ws = workspaces.find((w) => w.id === tabId);
+        if (ws) {
+          for (const s of sessions) {
+            if (s.workspaceId === tabId) sessionIdsToProbe.push(s.id);
+          }
+        } else if (sessions.find((s) => s.id === tabId)) {
+          sessionIdsToProbe.push(tabId);
+        }
+      }
+
+      closeTabsInFlightRef.current = true;
+      try {
+        const ok = await confirmIfBusyLocalTerminal(sessionIdsToProbe);
+        if (!ok) return;
+        for (const tabId of targetIds) {
+          if (workspaces.find((w) => w.id === tabId)) {
+            closeWorkspace(tabId);
+          } else if (sessions.find((s) => s.id === tabId)) {
+            closeSession(tabId);
+          } else if (logViews.find((lv) => lv.id === tabId)) {
+            closeLogView(tabId);
+          }
+        }
+      } finally {
+        closeTabsInFlightRef.current = false;
+      }
+    },
+    [workspaces, sessions, logViews, confirmIfBusyLocalTerminal, closeWorkspace, closeSession, closeLogView],
+  );
+
   // Shared hotkey action handler - used by both global handler and terminal callback
   const executeHotkeyAction = useCallback((action: string, e: KeyboardEvent) => {
+    // Build complete tab list: vault + (sftp when visible) + sessions/workspaces.
+    // Hiding the SFTP tab must also remove it from keyboard cycling so nextTab
+    // doesn't land on a hidden tab (which would get redirected back) and so
+    // number shortcuts don't shift.
+    const allTabs = settings.showSftpTab
+      ? ['vault', 'sftp', ...orderedTabs]
+      : ['vault', ...orderedTabs];
     switch (action) {
       case 'switchToTab': {
         // Get the number key pressed (1-9)
         const num = parseInt(e.key, 10);
         if (num >= 1 && num <= 9) {
-          // Build complete tab list: vault + sftp + sessions/workspaces
-          const allTabs = ['vault', 'sftp', ...orderedTabs];
           if (num <= allTabs.length) {
             setActiveTabId(allTabs[num - 1]);
           }
@@ -899,8 +1146,6 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
         break;
       }
       case 'nextTab': {
-        // Build complete tab list: vault + sftp + sessions/workspaces
-        const allTabs = ['vault', 'sftp', ...orderedTabs];
         const currentId = activeTabStore.getActiveTabId();
         const currentIdx = allTabs.indexOf(currentId);
         if (currentIdx !== -1 && allTabs.length > 0) {
@@ -912,8 +1157,6 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
         break;
       }
       case 'prevTab': {
-        // Build complete tab list: vault + sftp + sessions/workspaces
-        const allTabs = ['vault', 'sftp', ...orderedTabs];
         const currentId = activeTabStore.getActiveTabId();
         const currentIdx = allTabs.indexOf(currentId);
         if (currentIdx !== -1 && allTabs.length > 0) {
@@ -926,18 +1169,52 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
       }
       case 'closeTab': {
         const currentId = activeTabStore.getActiveTabId();
-        if (currentId !== 'vault' && currentId !== 'sftp') {
-          // Find if it's a session or workspace
-          const session = sessions.find(s => s.id === currentId);
-          if (session) {
-            closeSession(currentId);
-          } else {
-            const workspace = workspaces.find(w => w.id === currentId);
-            if (workspace) {
-              closeWorkspace(currentId);
+        if (!currentId || currentId === 'vault' || currentId === 'sftp') break;
+        if (closeTabInFlightRef.current) break;
+
+        const session = sessions.find((s) => s.id === currentId) ?? null;
+        const workspace = workspaces.find((w) => w.id === currentId) ?? null;
+
+        const focusIsInsideTerminal = !!document.activeElement?.closest('[data-session-id]');
+        const activeSidePanel = activeSidePanelTabRef.current;
+
+        const intent = resolveCloseIntent({
+          activeTabId: currentId,
+          workspace: workspace ? { id: workspace.id, focusedSessionId: workspace.focusedSessionId } : null,
+          sessionForTab: session,
+          activeSidePanelTab: activeSidePanel,
+          focusIsInsideTerminal,
+        });
+
+        closeTabInFlightRef.current = true;
+        (async () => {
+          try {
+            switch (intent.kind) {
+              case 'closeTerminal':
+              case 'closeSingleTab': {
+                const ok = await confirmIfBusyLocalTerminal([intent.sessionId]);
+                if (ok) closeSession(intent.sessionId);
+                return;
+              }
+              case 'closeSidePanel': {
+                closeSidePanelRef.current?.();
+                return;
+              }
+              case 'closeWorkspace': {
+                const ids = sessions.filter((s) => s.workspaceId === intent.workspaceId).map((s) => s.id);
+                const ok = await confirmIfBusyLocalTerminal(ids);
+                if (ok) closeWorkspace(intent.workspaceId);
+                return;
+              }
+              case 'noop':
+              default:
+                return;
             }
+          } finally {
+            closeTabInFlightRef.current = false;
           }
-        }
+        })();
+
         break;
       }
       case 'newTab':
@@ -960,12 +1237,20 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
         setActiveTabId('vault');
         break;
       case 'openSftp':
-        setActiveTabId('sftp');
+        if (settings.showSftpTab) {
+          setActiveTabId('sftp');
+        }
         break;
       case 'quickSwitch':
       case 'commandPalette':
         setIsQuickSwitcherOpen(true);
         break;
+      case 'newWorkspace':
+        // Dedicated shortcut to launch the AddToWorkspaceDialog in
+        // create mode — same entry as QuickSwitcher's "New Workspace"
+        // button, but without having to open QS first.
+        setAddToWorkspaceDialog({ mode: 'create' });
+        break;
       case 'portForwarding':
         // Navigate to vault and open port forwarding section
         setActiveTabId('vault');
@@ -1048,7 +1333,7 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
         break;
       }
     }
-  }, [orderedTabs, sessions, workspaces, setActiveTabId, closeSession, closeWorkspace, createLocalTerminalWithCurrentShell, splitSessionWithCurrentShell, moveFocusInWorkspace, toggleBroadcast]);
+  }, [orderedTabs, sessions, workspaces, setActiveTabId, closeSession, closeWorkspace, createLocalTerminalWithCurrentShell, splitSessionWithCurrentShell, moveFocusInWorkspace, toggleBroadcast, settings.showSftpTab, confirmIfBusyLocalTerminal]);
 
   // Callback for terminal to invoke app-level hotkey actions
   const handleHotkeyAction = useCallback((action: string, e: KeyboardEvent) => {
@@ -1302,10 +1587,24 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
   }, [protocolSelectHost, handleConnectToHost]);
 
   const handleToggleTheme = useCallback(() => {
-    // Toggle based on the actual rendered theme so clicking always produces a visible change,
-    // even when the stored preference is 'system'.
+    if (theme === 'system') {
+      toast.info(
+        t('topTabs.toggleTheme.systemExitMessage'),
+        {
+          title: t('topTabs.toggleTheme.systemExitTitle'),
+          actionLabel: t('topTabs.toggleTheme.openSettings'),
+          onClick: () => {
+            void (async () => {
+              const opened = await openSettingsWindow();
+              if (!opened) toast.error(t('toast.settingsUnavailable'), t('common.settings'));
+            })();
+          },
+        }
+      );
+      return;
+    }
     setTheme(resolvedTheme === 'dark' ? 'light' : 'dark');
-  }, [resolvedTheme, setTheme]);
+  }, [openSettingsWindow, resolvedTheme, setTheme, t, theme]);
 
   const handleOpenQuickSwitcher = useCallback(() => {
     setIsQuickSwitcherOpen(true);
@@ -1343,6 +1642,19 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
     };
   }, [handleOpenSettings, t]);
 
+  // Delete-from-sidepanel plumbing: ScriptsSidePanel's right-click menu
+  // dispatches `netcatty:snippets:delete` with the snippet id. Handled here
+  // (rather than in QuickAddSnippetDialog) because delete needs no UI.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const handler = (e: Event) => {
+      const id = (e as CustomEvent<{ id?: string }>).detail?.id;
+      if (!id) return;
+      updateSnippets(snippets.filter((s) => s.id !== id));
+    };
+    window.addEventListener('netcatty:snippets:delete', handler);
+    return () => window.removeEventListener('netcatty:snippets:delete', handler);
+  }, [snippets, updateSnippets]);
+
   const handleEndSessionDrag = useCallback(() => {
     setDraggingSessionId(null);
   }, [setDraggingSessionId]);
@@ -1379,6 +1691,7 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
     <div className={cn("flex flex-col h-screen text-foreground font-sans netcatty-shell", activeTerminalTheme && "immersive-transition")} onContextMenu={handleRootContextMenu}>
       <TopTabs
         theme={resolvedTheme}
+        followAppTerminalTheme={followAppTerminalTheme}
         hosts={hosts}
         sessions={sessions}
         orphanSessions={orphanSessions}
@@ -1393,6 +1706,7 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
         onRenameWorkspace={startWorkspaceRename}
         onCloseWorkspace={closeWorkspace}
         onCloseLogView={closeLogView}
+        onCloseTabsBatch={closeTabsBatch}
         onOpenQuickSwitcher={handleOpenQuickSwitcher}
         onToggleTheme={handleToggleTheme}
         onOpenSettings={handleOpenSettings}
@@ -1401,6 +1715,7 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
         onStartSessionDrag={setDraggingSessionId}
         onEndSessionDrag={handleEndSessionDrag}
         onReorderTabs={reorderTabs}
+        showSftpTab={settings.showSftpTab}
       />
 
       <div className="flex-1 relative min-h-0">
@@ -1446,6 +1761,8 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
             onClearUnsavedConnectionLogs={clearUnsavedConnectionLogs}
             onRunSnippet={runSnippet}
             onOpenLogView={openLogView}
+            showRecentHosts={settings.showRecentHosts}
+            showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot={settings.showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot}
             navigateToSection={navigateToSection}
             onNavigateToSectionHandled={() => setNavigateToSection(null)}
           />
@@ -1480,6 +1797,7 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
           knownHosts={knownHosts}
           draggingSessionId={draggingSessionId}
           terminalTheme={currentTerminalTheme}
+          followAppTerminalTheme={followAppTerminalTheme}
           terminalSettings={terminalSettings}
           terminalFontFamilyId={terminalFontFamilyId}
           fontSize={terminalFontSize}
@@ -1501,6 +1819,9 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
           onTerminalDataCapture={handleTerminalDataCapture}
           onCreateWorkspaceFromSessions={createWorkspaceFromSessions}
           onAddSessionToWorkspace={addSessionToWorkspace}
+          onRequestAddToWorkspace={(workspaceId) =>
+            setAddToWorkspaceDialog({ mode: 'append', workspaceId })
+          }
           onUpdateSplitSizes={updateSplitSizes}
           onSetDraggingSessionId={setDraggingSessionId}
           onToggleWorkspaceViewMode={toggleWorkspaceViewMode}
@@ -1520,6 +1841,8 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
           sessionLogsEnabled={sessionLogsEnabled}
           sessionLogsDir={sessionLogsDir}
           sessionLogsFormat={sessionLogsFormat}
+          closeSidePanelRef={closeSidePanelRef}
+          activeSidePanelTabRef={activeSidePanelTabRef}
         />
 
         {/* Log Views - readonly terminal replays */}
@@ -1539,17 +1862,65 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
         })}
       </div>
 
-      {/* Global "quick add snippet" dialog, triggered by the
-          netcatty:snippets:add window event (from ScriptsSidePanel "+"). */}
+      {/* Global "quick add / edit snippet" dialog, triggered by the
+          netcatty:snippets:add and :edit window events (from ScriptsSidePanel
+          "+" button and right-click menu). Delete is handled by a sibling
+          useEffect above — it does not need a dialog. */}
       <QuickAddSnippetDialog
         snippets={snippets}
         packages={snippetPackages}
         onCreateSnippet={(snippet) => updateSnippets([...snippets, snippet])}
+        onUpdateSnippet={(snippet) =>
+          updateSnippets(snippets.map((s) => (s.id === snippet.id ? snippet : s)))
+        }
         onCreatePackage={(pkg) =>
           updateSnippetPackages(Array.from(new Set([...snippetPackages, pkg])))
         }
       />
 
+      {/* Root-mounted AddToWorkspaceDialog — triggered by the focus-mode
+          "+" button (mode='append') or QuickSwitcher's "New Workspace"
+          button (mode='create'). Single instance so dialog state and
+          styling stay consistent across entry points. */}
+      {addToWorkspaceDialog && (
+        <AddToWorkspaceDialog
+          open
+          onOpenChange={(open) => { if (!open) setAddToWorkspaceDialog(null); }}
+          // Filter serial hosts only in append mode — appendHostToWorkspace
+          // has no serial code path. Create mode goes through
+          // createWorkspaceFromTargets, which builds a SerialConfig-backed
+          // session for serial hosts, so those should remain pickable.
+          hosts={addToWorkspaceDialog.mode === 'append'
+            ? hosts.filter((h) => h.protocol !== 'serial')
+            : hosts}
+          workspaceTitle={
+            addToWorkspaceDialog.mode === 'append'
+              ? workspaces.find((w) => w.id === addToWorkspaceDialog.workspaceId)?.title
+              : 'New Workspace'
+          }
+          onAdd={(targets) => {
+            if (addToWorkspaceDialog.mode === 'append') {
+              // Match the workspace root's current split direction so
+              // the new panes peer the existing siblings instead of
+              // wrapping the whole tree into one side of a fresh split
+              // (which would happen if we always passed the helper's
+              // default 'vertical').
+              const ws = workspaces.find((w) => w.id === addToWorkspaceDialog.workspaceId);
+              const rootDir = ws && ws.root.type === 'split' ? ws.root.direction : 'vertical';
+              for (const target of targets) {
+                if (target.kind === 'local') {
+                  appendLocalTerminalToWorkspace(addToWorkspaceDialog.workspaceId, undefined, rootDir);
+                } else {
+                  appendHostToWorkspace(addToWorkspaceDialog.workspaceId, target.host, rootDir);
+                }
+              }
+            } else {
+              createWorkspaceFromTargets(targets);
+            }
+          }}
+        />
+      )}
+
       {isQuickSwitcherOpen && (
         <Suspense fallback={null}>
           <LazyQuickSwitcher
@@ -1558,6 +1929,7 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
             results={quickResults}
             sessions={sessions}
             workspaces={workspaces}
+            showSftpTab={settings.showSftpTab}
             onQueryChange={setQuickSearch}
             onSelect={handleHostConnectWithProtocolCheck}
             onSelectTab={(tabId) => {
@@ -1572,7 +1944,8 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
             }}
             onCreateWorkspace={() => {
               setIsQuickSwitcherOpen(false);
-              setIsCreateWorkspaceOpen(true);
+              setQuickSearch('');
+              setAddToWorkspaceDialog({ mode: 'create' });
             }}
             onClose={() => {
               setIsQuickSwitcherOpen(false);
@@ -1679,6 +2052,59 @@ function App({ settings }: { settings: SettingsState }) {
         onCancel={handlePassphraseCancel}
         onSkip={handlePassphraseSkip}
       />
+
+      {/* Empty vault vs cloud data confirmation dialog (#679).
+          This dialog intentionally cannot be dismissed — the user MUST
+          choose "Restore" or "Keep Empty" before the sync flow can
+          proceed. hideCloseButton removes the X button, onOpenChange
+          is a no-op so ESC also does nothing, and onInteractOutside
+          prevents click-away. */}
+      <Dialog open={!!emptyVaultConflict} onOpenChange={() => { /* intentionally non-dismissable */ }}>
+        <DialogContent className="max-w-md" hideCloseButton onInteractOutside={(e) => e.preventDefault()} onEscapeKeyDown={(e) => e.preventDefault()}>
+          <DialogHeader>
+            <DialogTitle className="flex items-center gap-2">
+              <AlertTriangle className="w-5 h-5 text-amber-500" />
+              {t('sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.title')}
+            </DialogTitle>
+            <DialogDescription>
+              {t('sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.description')}
+            </DialogDescription>
+          </DialogHeader>
+          {emptyVaultConflict && (
+            <div className="bg-muted/30 rounded-lg p-3 text-sm">
+              <div className="font-medium text-muted-foreground mb-1">{t('sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.cloudLabel')}</div>
+              <div>{t('sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.cloudSummary', {
+                hosts: emptyVaultConflict.hostCount,
+                keys: emptyVaultConflict.keyCount,
+                snippets: emptyVaultConflict.snippetCount,
+              })}</div>
+            </div>
+          )}
+          <DialogFooter className="flex-col gap-2 sm:flex-col">
+            <Button
+              onClick={() => resolveEmptyVaultConflict('restore')}
+              className="w-full justify-start gap-2"
+            >
+              <Download className="w-4 h-4" />
+              <span>
+                {t('sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.restore')}
+                <span className="text-xs opacity-70 ml-1">— {t('sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.restoreDesc')}</span>
+              </span>
+            </Button>
+            <Button
+              variant="outline"
+              onClick={() => resolveEmptyVaultConflict('keep-empty')}
+              className="w-full justify-start gap-2"
+            >
+              <Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />
+              <span>
+                {t('sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.keepEmpty')}
+                <span className="text-xs opacity-70 ml-1">— {t('sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.keepEmptyDesc')}</span>
+              </span>
+            </Button>
+          </DialogFooter>
+        </DialogContent>
+      </Dialog>
     </div>
   );
 }

application/i18n/locales/en.ts

@@ -56,6 +56,11 @@ const en: Messages = {
   'confirm.deleteHost': 'Delete Host "{name}"?',
   'confirm.deleteIdentity': 'Delete Identity "{name}"?',
   'confirm.removeProvider': 'Remove provider "{name}"?',
+  'confirm.closeBusyTerminal.title': 'Confirm close',
+  'confirm.closeBusyTerminal.message': 'Process "{command}" is still running and will be terminated.',
+  'confirm.closeBusyTerminal.messageWithMore': 'Process "{command}" and {count} other running process(es) will be terminated.',
+  'confirm.closeBusyTerminal.cancel': 'Cancel',
+  'confirm.closeBusyTerminal.close': 'Close',
   'dialog.createWorkspace.title': 'Create Workspace',
   'dialog.renameWorkspace.title': 'Rename workspace',
   'dialog.renameSession.title': 'Rename session',
@@ -197,9 +202,15 @@ const en: Messages = {
   'settings.application.github.subtitle': 'Source code',
   'settings.application.whatsNew': "What's new",
   'settings.application.whatsNew.subtitle': 'Show release notes',
+  'settings.application.openExternal.failedTitle': 'Cannot open link',
+  'settings.application.openExternal.failedBody': 'The link could not be opened in either the system browser or the built-in browser window.',
   'settings.vault.title': 'Vault',
   'settings.vault.showRecentHosts': 'Show recently connected hosts',
   'settings.vault.showRecentHostsDesc': 'Display a section of recently connected hosts at the top of the vault',
+  'settings.vault.showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot': 'Only show ungrouped hosts at root',
+  'settings.vault.showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRootDesc': 'When enabled, the root host list only shows hosts without a group. Open a group from the sidebar to see grouped hosts.',
+  'settings.vault.showSftpTab': 'Show SFTP tab',
+  'settings.vault.showSftpTabDesc': 'Display the standalone SFTP view in the top tab bar. When hidden, use the in-session SFTP side panel instead.',
 
   // Update notifications
   'update.available.title': 'Update Available',
@@ -251,6 +262,8 @@ const en: Messages = {
   'settings.terminal.themeModal.darkThemes': 'Dark Themes',
   'settings.terminal.themeModal.lightThemes': 'Light Themes',
   'settings.terminal.theme.selectButton': 'Select Theme',
+  'settings.terminal.theme.followApp': 'Follow Application Theme',
+  'settings.terminal.theme.followApp.desc': 'Automatically match the terminal background to the current app theme for a seamless look.',
   'settings.terminal.section.font': 'Font',
   'settings.terminal.section.cursor': 'Cursor',
   'settings.terminal.section.keyboard': 'Keyboard',
@@ -293,6 +306,12 @@ const en: Messages = {
   'settings.terminal.behavior.bracketedPaste': 'Bracketed paste mode',
   'settings.terminal.behavior.bracketedPaste.desc':
     'Wrap pasted text with escape sequences so the shell can distinguish paste from typed input. Disable if you see ^[[200~ artifacts.',
+  'settings.terminal.behavior.clearWipesScrollback': '`clear` wipes scrollback',
+  'settings.terminal.behavior.clearWipesScrollback.desc':
+    'Make `clear` also wipe the scrollback buffer (POSIX default). Disable to keep history visible after `clear`.',
+  'settings.terminal.behavior.preserveSelectionOnInput': 'Keep selection while typing',
+  'settings.terminal.behavior.preserveSelectionOnInput.desc':
+    'Don\'t clear mouse-selected text when typing — useful for selecting a path then pasting it after a command prefix like `sz `.',
   'settings.terminal.behavior.osc52Clipboard': 'OSC-52 clipboard',
   'settings.terminal.behavior.osc52Clipboard.desc':
     'Allow remote programs (tmux, vim, etc.) to access the local clipboard via OSC-52 escape sequences.',
@@ -396,6 +415,7 @@ const en: Messages = {
   'settings.shortcuts.resetAll': 'Reset All',
   'settings.shortcuts.recording': 'Press keys...',
   'settings.shortcuts.none': 'None',
+  'settings.shortcuts.setDisabled': 'Set to disabled',
   'settings.shortcuts.category.tabs': 'Tabs',
   'settings.shortcuts.category.terminal': 'Terminal',
   'settings.shortcuts.category.navigation': 'Navigation',
@@ -435,13 +455,54 @@ const en: Messages = {
   'sync.toast.completedMessage': 'Sync completed successfully',
   'sync.toast.errorTitle': 'Sync Error',
   'sync.autoSync.failedTitle': 'Sync failed',
+  'sync.autoSync.inspectFailedTitle': 'Sync paused',
+  'sync.autoSync.inspectFailedMessage': 'Could not reach the cloud to check for changes. Auto-sync will retry when data changes or the app is restarted.',
   'sync.autoSync.syncedTitle': 'Synced from cloud',
   'sync.autoSync.syncedMessage': 'Your data has been updated from the cloud.',
   'sync.autoSync.noProvider': 'No cloud provider connected. Open Settings → Sync & Cloud to connect one.',
   'sync.autoSync.alreadySyncing': 'Sync is already in progress.',
+  'sync.autoSync.restoreInProgress': 'A vault restore is in progress in another window. Please wait for it to finish.',
+  'sync.autoSync.interruptedApplyTitle': 'Sync paused — previous restore interrupted',
+  'sync.autoSync.interruptedApplyMessage': 'A previous restore did not finish cleanly, so the local vault may be inconsistent. Open Settings → Sync & Cloud → Restore and apply a protective backup before auto-sync resumes.',
   'sync.autoSync.vaultLocked': 'Vault is locked. Open Settings → Sync & Cloud to unlock.',
   'sync.autoSync.conflictDetected': 'Sync conflict detected. Open Settings → Sync & Cloud to resolve.',
   'sync.autoSync.syncFailed': 'Sync failed',
+  'sync.autoSync.restoredTitle': 'Vault restored',
+  'sync.autoSync.restoredMessage': 'Your vault has been restored from the cloud.',
+  'sync.autoSync.keptLocalTitle': 'Kept local vault',
+  'sync.autoSync.keptLocalMessage': 'Your empty local vault was kept. Cloud data was not applied.',
+  'sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.title': 'Empty Vault Detected',
+  'sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.description': 'Your local vault is empty, but the cloud has data. This usually happens after an update or storage reset. What would you like to do?',
+  'sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.cloudLabel': 'Cloud',
+  'sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.restore': 'Restore from Cloud',
+  'sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.restoreDesc': 'Recommended — recover your hosts, keys, and snippets from the cloud backup',
+  'sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.keepEmpty': 'Keep Empty',
+  'sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.keepEmptyDesc': 'Start fresh with an empty vault',
+  'sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.cloudSummary': '{hosts} hosts, {keys} keys, {snippets} snippets',
+  'sync.autoSync.emptyVaultManual': 'Cannot sync: the local vault is empty. Restore from a local backup or enable Force Push in the sync panel first.',
+
+  'sync.blocked.title': 'Sync paused',
+  'sync.blocked.reason.bulkShrink': 'Would delete {lost} of {baseCount} {entityType} from cloud ({percent}% reduction).',
+  'sync.blocked.reason.largeShrink': 'Would delete {lost} {entityType} from cloud.',
+  'sync.blocked.detail': 'This is usually caused by a degraded local state (keychain failure, partial data load). Restore from a local backup, or force-push if you truly meant to remove these entries.',
+  'sync.blocked.restoreButton': 'Restore from local backup',
+  'sync.blocked.forcePushButton': 'Force push anyway',
+
+  'sync.forcePush.title': 'Confirm force push',
+  'sync.forcePush.body': 'You are about to remove {lost} {entityType} from the cloud. This cannot be undone. Proceed?',
+  'sync.forcePush.confirm': 'Yes, push anyway',
+  'sync.forcePush.cancel': 'Cancel',
+
+  'sync.entityType.hosts': 'hosts',
+  'sync.entityType.keys': 'keys',
+  'sync.entityType.identities': 'identities',
+  'sync.entityType.snippets': 'snippets',
+  'sync.entityType.customGroups': 'groups',
+  'sync.entityType.snippetPackages': 'snippet packages',
+  'sync.entityType.knownHosts': 'known-host entries',
+  'sync.entityType.portForwardingRules': 'port-forwarding rules',
+  'sync.entityType.groupConfigs': 'group configs',
+
   'sync.credentialsUnavailable': 'This device cannot decrypt some saved credentials. Re-enter credentials locally before syncing.',
   'time.never': 'Never',
   'time.justNow': 'Just now',
@@ -984,6 +1045,14 @@ const en: Messages = {
   'hostDetails.distro.option.almalinux': 'AlmaLinux',
   'hostDetails.distro.option.oracle': 'Oracle Linux',
   'hostDetails.distro.option.kali': 'Kali Linux',
+  'hostDetails.distro.option.cisco': 'Cisco',
+  'hostDetails.distro.option.juniper': 'Juniper Networks',
+  'hostDetails.distro.option.huawei': 'Huawei',
+  'hostDetails.distro.option.hpe': 'HPE / H3C',
+  'hostDetails.distro.option.mikrotik': 'MikroTik',
+  'hostDetails.distro.option.fortinet': 'Fortinet',
+  'hostDetails.distro.option.paloalto': 'Palo Alto Networks',
+  'hostDetails.distro.option.zyxel': 'ZyXEL',
   'hostDetails.section.mosh': 'Mosh',
   'hostDetails.username.placeholder': 'Username',
   'hostDetails.password.placeholder': 'Password',
@@ -1124,11 +1193,12 @@ const en: Messages = {
   'terminal.toolbar.openSftp': 'Open SFTP',
   'terminal.toolbar.availableAfterConnect': 'Available after connect',
   'terminal.toolbar.sftp': 'SFTP',
+  'terminal.toolbar.more': 'More actions',
   'terminal.toolbar.scripts': 'Scripts',
   'terminal.toolbar.library': 'Library',
   'terminal.toolbar.noSnippets': 'No snippets available',
   'terminal.toolbar.terminalSettings': 'Terminal settings',
-  'terminal.toolbar.searchTerminal': 'Search terminal (Ctrl+F)',
+  'terminal.toolbar.searchTerminal': 'Search terminal',
   'terminal.toolbar.search': 'Search',
   'terminal.toolbar.broadcast': 'Broadcast',
   'terminal.toolbar.broadcastEnable': 'Enable Broadcast Mode',
@@ -1184,6 +1254,7 @@ const en: Messages = {
   'terminal.search.nextMatch': 'Next match (Enter)',
   'terminal.menu.copy': 'Copy',
   'terminal.menu.paste': 'Paste',
+  'terminal.menu.pasteSelection': 'Paste Selection',
   'terminal.menu.selectAll': 'Select All',
   'terminal.menu.splitHorizontal': 'Split Horizontal',
   'terminal.menu.splitVertical': 'Split Vertical',
@@ -1228,6 +1299,11 @@ const en: Messages = {
   'terminal.themeModal.fontWeight': 'Font Weight',
   'terminal.themeModal.livePreview': 'Live Preview',
   'terminal.themeModal.themeType': '{type} theme',
+  'terminal.hiddenTheme.title': 'Current hidden theme',
+  'terminal.hiddenTheme.desc': 'This theme is hidden from manual picks and will be replaced when you choose another theme.',
+  'topTabs.toggleTheme.systemExitTitle': 'System theme is active',
+  'topTabs.toggleTheme.systemExitMessage': 'Open Settings to choose a fixed Light or Dark theme.',
+  'topTabs.toggleTheme.openSettings': 'Open Settings',
 
   // Custom Themes
   'terminal.customTheme.section': 'Custom Themes',
@@ -1357,6 +1433,47 @@ const en: Messages = {
   'cloudSync.history.download': 'Download',
   'cloudSync.history.resolved': 'Resolved',
   'cloudSync.history.error': 'Error',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.title': 'Local Backup History',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.desc': 'Netcatty keeps local restore points before app version changes and before vault restores.',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.retentionTitle': 'Backup Retention',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.retentionDesc': 'Choose how many local backups Netcatty should keep.',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.maxCount': 'Max backups',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.maxSaved': 'Saved backup retention: {count}',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.maxInvalid': 'Please enter a number between 1 and 100.',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.empty': 'No local backups yet.',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.reason.appVersionChange': 'Before app version change',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.reason.beforeRestore': 'Before restore',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.versionChange': '{from} -> {to}',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.counts': '{hosts} hosts, {keys} keys, {snippets} snippets',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.restore': 'Restore',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.restoreSuccess': 'Local backup restored.',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.restoreFailedTitle': 'Restore failed',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.restoreMissing': 'Backup not found.',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.protectiveBackupFailed': 'Safety backup could not be created, so the restore was aborted to protect your current data. Resolve the underlying issue (e.g. keychain access) and try again. Details: {message}',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.restoreConfirmTitle': 'Restore this backup?',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.restoreConfirmDesc': 'Your current hosts, keys, snippets and settings will be replaced with the contents of this backup. A protective snapshot of your current data is taken automatically first.',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.restoreConfirmButton': 'Restore',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.restoreConfirmCancel': 'Cancel',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.unavailableTitle': 'Local backups unavailable',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.unavailableDesc': 'This platform does not expose a secure keychain to Netcatty, so local backups cannot be written safely. Install Netcatty on a system with a supported keychain to enable the local backup history.',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.lockedTitle': 'Master key required',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.lockedDesc': 'Set up or unlock your master key before restoring a backup, so restored credentials remain encrypted.',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.viewButton': 'History',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.title': 'Vault Version History',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.description': 'Browse and restore previous versions of your vault from the Gist revision history.',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.empty': 'No revisions found.',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.current': 'Current',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.revision': 'Revision',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.revisionPreview': 'Revision Contents',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.device': 'Device',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.hosts': 'Hosts',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.keys': 'Keys',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.snippets': 'Snippets',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.identities': 'Identities',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.restoreButton': 'Restore This Version',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.restored': 'Vault restored from selected revision.',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.revisionNotFound': 'Revision not found or does not contain vault data.',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.decryptFailed': 'Cannot decrypt this revision. It may have been encrypted with a different master password.',
   'cloudSync.changeKey.title': 'Change Master Key',
   'cloudSync.changeKey.current': 'Current Master Key',
   'cloudSync.changeKey.new': 'New Master Key',
@@ -1524,6 +1641,9 @@ const en: Messages = {
   'tabs.logPrefix': 'Log:',
   'tabs.logLocal': 'Local',
   'tabs.copyTab': 'Copy Tab',
+  'tabs.closeOthers': 'Close Others',
+  'tabs.closeToRight': 'Close Tabs to the Right',
+  'tabs.closeAll': 'Close All',
   'keychain.edit.labelRequired': 'Label *',
   'keychain.edit.keyLabelPlaceholder': 'Key label',
   'keychain.edit.privateKeyRequired': 'Private key *',
@@ -1563,6 +1683,8 @@ const en: Messages = {
   'snippets.breadcrumb.separator': '›',
   'snippets.empty.title': 'Create snippet',
   'snippets.empty.desc': 'Save your most used commands as snippets to reuse them in one click.',
+  'snippets.search.noResults.title': 'No matches',
+  'snippets.search.noResults.desc': 'No snippets or packages match "{query}". Try a different search term or clear the search to browse.',
   'snippets.section.packages': 'Packages',
   'snippets.section.snippets': 'Snippets',
   'snippets.package.count': '{count} snippet(s)',
@@ -1695,12 +1817,16 @@ const en: Messages = {
   // AI Codex
   'ai.codex': 'Codex',
   'ai.codex.title': 'Codex CLI',
-  'ai.codex.description': 'Uses codex + codex-acp for ACP protocol streaming. Login with ChatGPT subscription here, or configure an OpenAI provider API key (passed as CODEX_API_KEY).',
+  'ai.codex.description': 'Uses codex + codex-acp for ACP protocol streaming. Login with ChatGPT here, or enable an OpenAI-compatible provider API key and custom endpoint in Settings.',
   'ai.codex.detecting': 'Detecting...',
   'ai.codex.notFound': 'Not found',
   'ai.codex.awaitingLogin': 'Awaiting login',
   'ai.codex.connectedChatGPT': 'Connected via ChatGPT',
   'ai.codex.connectedApiKey': 'Connected via API key',
+  'ai.codex.connectedCustomConfig': 'Connected via ~/.codex/config.toml',
+  'ai.codex.customConfigIncomplete': 'Custom config detected (env var missing)',
+  'ai.codex.customConfigHint': 'Using custom provider "{provider}" configured in ~/.codex/config.toml — no ChatGPT login needed.',
+  'ai.codex.customConfigMissingEnvKey': 'Warning: {envKey} is not set in your shell environment. Export it (or launch netcatty from a shell that has it) so Codex can authenticate.',
   'ai.codex.notConnected': 'Not connected',
   'ai.codex.statusUnknown': 'Status unknown',
   'ai.codex.path': 'Path:',
@@ -1711,7 +1837,6 @@ const en: Messages = {
   'ai.codex.logout': 'Logout',
   'ai.codex.connectChatGPT': 'Connect ChatGPT',
   'ai.codex.refreshStatus': 'Refresh Status',
-  'ai.codex.apiKeyHint': 'Enabled OpenAI provider API key detected. Codex ACP can also authenticate without ChatGPT login.',
 
   // AI Claude Code
   'ai.claude.title': 'Claude Code',
@@ -1739,6 +1864,22 @@ const en: Messages = {
   'ai.defaultAgent': 'Default Agent',
   'ai.defaultAgent.description': 'Agent to use when starting a new AI session',
   'ai.defaultAgent.catty': 'Catty (Built-in)',
+  'ai.toolAccess.title': 'Tool Access',
+  'ai.toolAccess.mode': 'Netcatty Access Mode',
+  'ai.toolAccess.description': 'Choose how external ACP agents access Netcatty sessions. MCP exposes the built-in server, while Skills + CLI points agents to the local Netcatty skill and CLI commands.',
+  'ai.toolAccess.mode.mcp': 'MCP',
+  'ai.toolAccess.mode.skills': 'Skills + CLI',
+  'ai.userSkills.title': 'User Skills',
+  'ai.userSkills.description': 'Open the Netcatty skills folder to add your own skill directories. Netcatty scans these skills automatically and injects only lightweight indexes unless a skill clearly matches the current request.',
+  'ai.userSkills.openFolder': 'Open Skills Folder',
+  'ai.userSkills.reload': 'Reload Skills',
+  'ai.userSkills.location': 'Location',
+  'ai.userSkills.loading': 'Scanning user skills...',
+  'ai.userSkills.summary': '{ready} ready, {warnings} warnings',
+  'ai.userSkills.empty': 'No user skills found yet. Open the folder to add skill directories with a SKILL.md file.',
+  'ai.userSkills.unavailable': 'User skills are unavailable in this environment.',
+  'ai.userSkills.status.ready': 'Ready',
+  'ai.userSkills.status.warning': 'Warning',
 
   // AI Chat
   'ai.chat.noProvider': 'No AI provider is configured. Go to **Settings → AI → Providers** to add and enable a provider.',
@@ -1793,6 +1934,7 @@ const en: Messages = {
   'ai.chat.menuFiles': 'Files',
   'ai.chat.menuImage': 'Image',
   'ai.chat.menuMentionHost': 'Mention Host',
+  'ai.chat.menuUserSkills': 'User Skills',
 
   // AI Error
   'ai.codex.bridgeError': 'Codex main-process handlers are not loaded yet. Fully restart Netcatty, or restart the Electron dev process, then try again.',
@@ -1815,7 +1957,7 @@ const en: Messages = {
   // AI Safety Settings
   'ai.safety.title': 'Safety',
   'ai.safety.permissionMode': 'Permission Mode',
-  'ai.safety.permissionMode.description': 'Controls how the AI interacts with your terminals. Observer mode blocks all write operations via MCP Server, enforced for both built-in and ACP agents. Confirm mode is advisory for ACP agents (they control their own tool approval flow).',
+  'ai.safety.permissionMode.description': 'Controls how the AI interacts with your terminals. Observer mode blocks all write operations through Netcatty, enforced for both built-in and ACP agents. Confirm mode is advisory for ACP agents (they control their own tool approval flow).',
   'ai.safety.permissionMode.observer': 'Observer - Read only, no actions',
   'ai.safety.permissionMode.confirm': 'Confirm - Ask before actions',
   'ai.safety.permissionMode.autonomous': 'Autonomous - Execute freely',
@@ -1825,7 +1967,7 @@ const en: Messages = {
   'ai.safety.maxIterations': 'Max Iterations',
   'ai.safety.maxIterations.description': 'Maximum number of AI tool-use loops to prevent runaway execution. ACP agents may have their own internal iteration limits that take precedence.',
   'ai.safety.blocklist': 'Command Blocklist',
-  'ai.safety.blocklist.description': 'Regex patterns to block dangerous commands. Applies to both built-in and ACP agents via MCP Server.',
+  'ai.safety.blocklist.description': 'Regex patterns to block dangerous commands. Applies to both built-in and ACP agents through Netcatty execution.',
   'ai.safety.blocklist.placeholder': 'Regex pattern...',
   'ai.safety.blocklist.reset': 'Reset to defaults',
   'ai.safety.blocklist.add': 'Add pattern',

application/i18n/locales/zh-CN.ts

@@ -43,6 +43,11 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   'confirm.deleteHost': '删除主机 "{name}"？',
   'confirm.deleteIdentity': '删除身份 "{name}"？',
   'confirm.removeProvider': '移除提供商 "{name}"？',
+  'confirm.closeBusyTerminal.title': '确认关闭',
+  'confirm.closeBusyTerminal.message': '进程 "{command}" 仍在运行，关闭后会被终止。',
+  'confirm.closeBusyTerminal.messageWithMore': '进程 "{command}" 及其他 {count} 个正在运行的进程将被终止。',
+  'confirm.closeBusyTerminal.cancel': '取消',
+  'confirm.closeBusyTerminal.close': '关闭',
   'dialog.renameWorkspace.title': '重命名工作区',
   'dialog.renameSession.title': '重命名会话',
   'field.name': '名称',
@@ -181,9 +186,15 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   'settings.application.github.subtitle': '源代码',
   'settings.application.whatsNew': '更新内容',
   'settings.application.whatsNew.subtitle': '查看发布说明',
+  'settings.application.openExternal.failedTitle': '无法打开链接',
+  'settings.application.openExternal.failedBody': '系统浏览器和内置浏览器窗口都无法打开该链接。',
   'settings.vault.title': '主机库',
   'settings.vault.showRecentHosts': '显示最近连接的主机',
   'settings.vault.showRecentHostsDesc': '在主机列表顶部显示最近连接过的主机',
+  'settings.vault.showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot': '根目录只显示未分组主机',
+  'settings.vault.showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRootDesc': '开启后，主机库根目录的主机列表只显示没有分组的主机，已分组主机请从左侧分组进入查看。',
+  'settings.vault.showSftpTab': '显示 SFTP 标签页',
+  'settings.vault.showSftpTabDesc': '在顶部标签栏显示独立的 SFTP 视图。关闭后可改用会话内左侧的 SFTP 侧栏。',
 
   // Update notifications
   'update.available.title': '发现新版本',
@@ -256,13 +267,54 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   'sync.toast.completedMessage': '同步完成',
   'sync.toast.errorTitle': '同步错误',
   'sync.autoSync.failedTitle': '同步失败',
+  'sync.autoSync.inspectFailedTitle': '同步已暂停',
+  'sync.autoSync.inspectFailedMessage': '无法访问云端以检查变更。数据改动或下次启动时会自动重试。',
   'sync.autoSync.syncedTitle': '已从云端同步',
   'sync.autoSync.syncedMessage': '你的数据已从云端更新。',
   'sync.autoSync.noProvider': '未连接云同步 provider。请打开 设置 → Sync & Cloud 进行连接。',
   'sync.autoSync.alreadySyncing': '同步正在进行中。',
+  'sync.autoSync.restoreInProgress': '另一个窗口中的本地备份恢复正在进行中，请等待其完成。',
+  'sync.autoSync.interruptedApplyTitle': '同步已暂停 — 上次恢复未完成',
+  'sync.autoSync.interruptedApplyMessage': '上次本地恢复过程未正常结束，本地数据可能处于半应用状态。请打开「设置 → Sync & Cloud → 恢复」，从保护性备份中恢复后再让自动同步继续。',
   'sync.autoSync.vaultLocked': 'Vault 处于锁定状态。请打开 设置 → Sync & Cloud 解锁。',
   'sync.autoSync.conflictDetected': '检测到同步冲突。请打开 设置 → Sync & Cloud 处理。',
   'sync.autoSync.syncFailed': '同步失败',
+  'sync.autoSync.restoredTitle': '已恢复',
+  'sync.autoSync.restoredMessage': '已从云端恢复主机库数据。',
+  'sync.autoSync.keptLocalTitle': '已保留本地数据',
+  'sync.autoSync.keptLocalMessage': '保留了空的本地主机库，未应用云端数据。',
+  'sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.title': '检测到空主机库',
+  'sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.description': '本地主机库为空，但云端有数据。这通常发生在应用更新或存储重置之后。请选择如何处理：',
+  'sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.cloudLabel': '云端',
+  'sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.restore': '从云端恢复',
+  'sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.restoreDesc': '推荐 — 从云端备份恢复主机、密钥和代码片段',
+  'sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.keepEmpty': '保持为空',
+  'sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.keepEmptyDesc': '从头开始，使用空的主机库',
+  'sync.autoSync.emptyVaultConflict.cloudSummary': '{hosts} 台主机，{keys} 个密钥，{snippets} 个代码片段',
+  'sync.autoSync.emptyVaultManual': '无法同步：本地 vault 为空。请先从本地备份恢复，或在同步面板里使用"强制推送"。',
+
+  'sync.blocked.title': '同步已暂停',
+  'sync.blocked.reason.bulkShrink': '即将从云端删除 {baseCount} 条 {entityType} 中的 {lost} 条（缩减 {percent}%）。',
+  'sync.blocked.reason.largeShrink': '即将从云端删除 {lost} 条 {entityType}。',
+  'sync.blocked.detail': '通常是本地状态异常（钥匙串故障、数据加载不全）导致。请从本地备份恢复，如果确实要删这些条目请使用强制推送。',
+  'sync.blocked.restoreButton': '从本地备份恢复',
+  'sync.blocked.forcePushButton': '强制推送',
+
+  'sync.forcePush.title': '确认强制推送',
+  'sync.forcePush.body': '你将从云端移除 {lost} 条 {entityType}，此操作不可撤销。继续？',
+  'sync.forcePush.confirm': '确认推送',
+  'sync.forcePush.cancel': '取消',
+
+  'sync.entityType.hosts': '主机',
+  'sync.entityType.keys': '密钥',
+  'sync.entityType.identities': '身份',
+  'sync.entityType.snippets': '代码片段',
+  'sync.entityType.customGroups': '分组',
+  'sync.entityType.snippetPackages': '片段包',
+  'sync.entityType.knownHosts': '主机密钥记录',
+  'sync.entityType.portForwardingRules': '端口转发规则',
+  'sync.entityType.groupConfigs': '分组配置',
+
   'sync.credentialsUnavailable': '当前设备无法解密部分已保存凭据。请先在本地重新输入凭据后再同步。',
   'time.never': '从未',
   'time.justNow': '刚刚',
@@ -628,6 +680,14 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   'hostDetails.distro.option.almalinux': 'AlmaLinux',
   'hostDetails.distro.option.oracle': 'Oracle Linux',
   'hostDetails.distro.option.kali': 'Kali Linux',
+  'hostDetails.distro.option.cisco': '思科',
+  'hostDetails.distro.option.juniper': '瞻博网络',
+  'hostDetails.distro.option.huawei': '华为',
+  'hostDetails.distro.option.hpe': '慧与 / H3C',
+  'hostDetails.distro.option.mikrotik': 'MikroTik',
+  'hostDetails.distro.option.fortinet': '飞塔',
+  'hostDetails.distro.option.paloalto': 'Palo Alto Networks',
+  'hostDetails.distro.option.zyxel': '合勤',
   'hostDetails.section.mosh': 'Mosh',
   'hostDetails.username.placeholder': '用户名',
   'hostDetails.password.placeholder': '密码',
@@ -739,11 +799,12 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   'terminal.toolbar.openSftp': '打开 SFTP',
   'terminal.toolbar.availableAfterConnect': '连接后可用',
   'terminal.toolbar.sftp': 'SFTP',
+  'terminal.toolbar.more': '更多操作',
   'terminal.toolbar.scripts': '脚本',
   'terminal.toolbar.library': '库',
   'terminal.toolbar.noSnippets': '暂无代码片段',
   'terminal.toolbar.terminalSettings': '终端设置',
-  'terminal.toolbar.searchTerminal': '搜索终端 (Ctrl+F)',
+  'terminal.toolbar.searchTerminal': '搜索终端',
   'terminal.toolbar.search': '搜索',
   'terminal.toolbar.broadcast': '广播',
   'terminal.toolbar.broadcastEnable': '启用广播模式',
@@ -799,6 +860,7 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   'terminal.search.nextMatch': '下一个匹配 (Enter)',
   'terminal.menu.copy': '复制',
   'terminal.menu.paste': '粘贴',
+  'terminal.menu.pasteSelection': '粘贴选中文本',
   'terminal.menu.selectAll': '全选',
   'terminal.menu.splitHorizontal': '水平分屏',
   'terminal.menu.splitVertical': '垂直分屏',
@@ -844,6 +906,11 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   'terminal.themeModal.fontWeight': '字体粗细',
   'terminal.themeModal.livePreview': '实时预览',
   'terminal.themeModal.themeType': '{type} 主题',
+  'terminal.hiddenTheme.title': '当前隐藏主题',
+  'terminal.hiddenTheme.desc': '这个主题已从手动选择列表中隐藏；当你选择其他可见主题后，它会被替换。',
+  'topTabs.toggleTheme.systemExitTitle': '当前正在跟随系统主题',
+  'topTabs.toggleTheme.systemExitMessage': '请到设置里选择固定的浅色或深色主题。',
+  'topTabs.toggleTheme.openSettings': '打开设置',
 
   // Custom Themes
   'terminal.customTheme.section': '自定义主题',
@@ -972,6 +1039,47 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   'cloudSync.history.download': '下载',
   'cloudSync.history.resolved': '已解决',
   'cloudSync.history.error': '错误',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.title': '本地备份历史',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.desc': 'Netcatty 会在版本变化前，以及恢复主机库前，自动留下一份本地恢复点。',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.retentionTitle': '备份保留数量',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.retentionDesc': '设置 Netcatty 最多保留多少份本地备份。',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.maxCount': '最多保留',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.maxSaved': '已保存保留数量：{count}',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.maxInvalid': '请输入 1 到 100 之间的数字。',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.empty': '还没有本地备份。',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.reason.appVersionChange': '版本变化前',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.reason.beforeRestore': '恢复前',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.versionChange': '{from} -> {to}',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.counts': '{hosts} 台主机，{keys} 个密钥，{snippets} 个代码片段',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.restore': '恢复',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.restoreSuccess': '已恢复本地备份。',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.restoreFailedTitle': '恢复失败',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.restoreMissing': '找不到这份备份。',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.protectiveBackupFailed': '无法创建保护性备份，已中止恢复以避免覆盖当前数据。请先解决底层问题（例如钥匙串访问）后重试。详情：{message}',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.restoreConfirmTitle': '确认恢复此备份？',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.restoreConfirmDesc': '当前的主机、密钥、代码片段与设置将被替换为此备份中的内容。系统会先自动创建一个保护性快照，便于撤销。',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.restoreConfirmButton': '恢复',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.restoreConfirmCancel': '取消',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.unavailableTitle': '无法使用本地备份',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.unavailableDesc': '当前平台未提供受支持的安全密钥库，Netcatty 无法安全地写入本地备份。请在支持系统钥匙串的环境中运行，或改用云同步保留恢复点。',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.lockedTitle': '需要主密钥',
+  'cloudSync.localBackups.lockedDesc': '请先配置或解锁主密钥再恢复备份，以确保恢复后的凭据仍保持加密。',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.viewButton': '历史版本',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.title': '主机库版本历史',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.description': '浏览并恢复 Gist 修订历史中的旧版主机库数据。',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.empty': '未找到修订记录。',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.current': '当前版本',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.revision': '修订',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.revisionPreview': '修订内容',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.device': '设备',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.hosts': '主机',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.keys': '密钥',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.snippets': '代码片段',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.identities': '身份',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.restoreButton': '恢复此版本',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.restored': '已从选中的修订恢复主机库数据。',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.revisionNotFound': '修订未找到或不包含主机库数据。',
+  'cloudSync.revisionHistory.decryptFailed': '无法解密此修订。可能是使用了不同的主密钥加密的。',
   'cloudSync.changeKey.title': '更改主密钥',
   'cloudSync.changeKey.current': '当前主密钥',
   'cloudSync.changeKey.new': '新的主密钥',
@@ -1241,6 +1349,8 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   'settings.terminal.themeModal.darkThemes': '深色主题',
   'settings.terminal.themeModal.lightThemes': '浅色主题',
   'settings.terminal.theme.selectButton': '选择主题',
+  'settings.terminal.theme.followApp': '跟随应用主题',
+  'settings.terminal.theme.followApp.desc': '终端背景色自动匹配当前应用主题，保持视觉一致性。',
   'settings.terminal.section.font': '字体',
   'settings.terminal.section.cursor': '光标',
   'settings.terminal.section.keyboard': '键盘',
@@ -1280,6 +1390,12 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   'settings.terminal.behavior.bracketedPaste': '括号粘贴模式',
   'settings.terminal.behavior.bracketedPaste.desc':
     '粘贴文本时使用转义序列包裹，以便终端区分粘贴和键入。如果出现 ^[[200~ 字样请关闭此选项。',
+  'settings.terminal.behavior.clearWipesScrollback': '`clear` 同时清空回滚历史',
+  'settings.terminal.behavior.clearWipesScrollback.desc':
+    '`clear` 命令同时清空回滚历史（POSIX 默认行为）。关闭则保留历史。',
+  'settings.terminal.behavior.preserveSelectionOnInput': '输入时保留选区',
+  'settings.terminal.behavior.preserveSelectionOnInput.desc':
+    '键盘输入时不清除鼠标选中的文本，方便选中路径后输入 `sz ` 之类命令再粘贴。',
   'settings.terminal.behavior.osc52Clipboard': 'OSC-52 剪贴板',
   'settings.terminal.behavior.osc52Clipboard.desc':
     '允许远程程序（tmux、vim 等）通过 OSC-52 转义序列访问本地剪贴板。',
@@ -1372,6 +1488,7 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   'settings.shortcuts.resetAll': '全部重置',
   'settings.shortcuts.recording': '请按键...',
   'settings.shortcuts.none': '无',
+  'settings.shortcuts.setDisabled': '设为禁用',
   'settings.shortcuts.category.tabs': '标签页',
   'settings.shortcuts.category.terminal': '终端',
   'settings.shortcuts.category.navigation': '导航',
@@ -1396,6 +1513,7 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   'settings.shortcuts.binding.port-forwarding': '打开端口转发',
   'settings.shortcuts.binding.command-palette': '打开命令面板',
   'settings.shortcuts.binding.quick-switch': '快速切换',
+  'settings.shortcuts.binding.new-workspace': '新建工作区',
   'settings.shortcuts.binding.snippets': '打开代码片段',
   'settings.shortcuts.binding.broadcast': '切换广播模式',
   'settings.shortcuts.binding.sftp-copy': '复制文件',
@@ -1532,6 +1650,9 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   'tabs.logPrefix': '日志：',
   'tabs.logLocal': '本地',
   'tabs.copyTab': '复制标签页',
+  'tabs.closeOthers': '关闭其他标签',
+  'tabs.closeToRight': '关闭右侧标签',
+  'tabs.closeAll': '关闭所有标签',
   'keychain.edit.labelRequired': 'Label *',
   'keychain.edit.keyLabelPlaceholder': '密钥 Label',
   'keychain.edit.privateKeyRequired': '私钥 *',
@@ -1571,6 +1692,8 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   'snippets.breadcrumb.separator': '›',
   'snippets.empty.title': '创建代码片段',
   'snippets.empty.desc': '将常用命令保存为代码片段，一键复用。',
+  'snippets.search.noResults.title': '无匹配结果',
+  'snippets.search.noResults.desc': '没有代码片段或代码包与"{query}"匹配。换一个关键字，或清除搜索进行浏览。',
   'snippets.section.packages': '代码包',
   'snippets.section.snippets': '代码片段',
   'snippets.package.count': '{count} 个代码片段',
@@ -1703,12 +1826,16 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   // AI Codex
   'ai.codex': 'Codex',
   'ai.codex.title': 'Codex CLI',
-  'ai.codex.description': '使用 codex + codex-acp 进行 ACP 协议流式传输。在此通过 ChatGPT 订阅登录，或配置 OpenAI 提供商的 API Key（将作为 CODEX_API_KEY 传递）。',
+  'ai.codex.description': '使用 codex + codex-acp 进行 ACP 协议流式传输。可以在这里连接 ChatGPT，也可以在设置里启用兼容 OpenAI 的 API Key 和自定义接口地址。',
   'ai.codex.detecting': '检测中...',
   'ai.codex.notFound': '未找到',
   'ai.codex.awaitingLogin': '等待登录',
   'ai.codex.connectedChatGPT': '已通过 ChatGPT 连接',
   'ai.codex.connectedApiKey': '已通过 API Key 连接',
+  'ai.codex.connectedCustomConfig': '使用 ~/.codex/config.toml 自定义 provider',
+  'ai.codex.customConfigIncomplete': '检测到自定义配置（缺少环境变量）',
+  'ai.codex.customConfigHint': '使用 ~/.codex/config.toml 中配置的自定义 provider "{provider}"，无需 ChatGPT 登录。',
+  'ai.codex.customConfigMissingEnvKey': '警告：环境变量 {envKey} 未在当前 shell 中设置。请 export 它（或从包含该变量的 shell 启动 netcatty），否则 Codex 无法鉴权。',
   'ai.codex.notConnected': '未连接',
   'ai.codex.statusUnknown': '状态未知',
   'ai.codex.path': '路径：',
@@ -1719,7 +1846,6 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   'ai.codex.logout': '退出登录',
   'ai.codex.connectChatGPT': '连接 ChatGPT',
   'ai.codex.refreshStatus': '刷新状态',
-  'ai.codex.apiKeyHint': '检测到已启用的 OpenAI 提供商 API Key。Codex ACP 也可以无需 ChatGPT 登录进行认证。',
 
   // AI Claude Code
   'ai.claude.title': 'Claude Code',
@@ -1747,6 +1873,22 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   'ai.defaultAgent': '默认 Agent',
   'ai.defaultAgent.description': '创建新 AI 会话时使用的 Agent',
   'ai.defaultAgent.catty': 'Catty（内置）',
+  'ai.toolAccess.title': '工具接入',
+  'ai.toolAccess.mode': 'Netcatty 接入模式',
+  'ai.toolAccess.description': '选择外部 ACP Agent 访问 Netcatty 会话的方式。MCP 会暴露内置服务器，Skills + CLI 会引导 Agent 读取本地 Skill 并调用 Netcatty CLI。',
+  'ai.toolAccess.mode.mcp': 'MCP',
+  'ai.toolAccess.mode.skills': 'Skills + CLI',
+  'ai.userSkills.title': '用户 Skills',
+  'ai.userSkills.description': '打开 Netcatty 的 Skills 文件夹以添加你自己的技能目录。Netcatty 会自动扫描这些 skills，默认只注入轻量索引，只有在请求明显命中某个 skill 时才展开正文。',
+  'ai.userSkills.openFolder': '打开 Skills 文件夹',
+  'ai.userSkills.reload': '重新加载 Skills',
+  'ai.userSkills.location': '位置',
+  'ai.userSkills.loading': '正在扫描用户 skills...',
+  'ai.userSkills.summary': '已就绪 {ready} 个，警告 {warnings} 个',
+  'ai.userSkills.empty': '暂未发现用户 skills。打开文件夹后可添加包含 SKILL.md 的技能目录。',
+  'ai.userSkills.unavailable': '当前环境不支持用户 skills。',
+  'ai.userSkills.status.ready': '正常',
+  'ai.userSkills.status.warning': '警告',
 
   // AI Chat
   'ai.chat.noProvider': '尚未配置 AI 提供商。请前往 **设置 → AI → 提供商** 添加并启用一个提供商。',
@@ -1801,6 +1943,7 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   'ai.chat.menuFiles': '文件',
   'ai.chat.menuImage': '图片',
   'ai.chat.menuMentionHost': '提及主机',
+  'ai.chat.menuUserSkills': '用户 Skills',
 
   // AI Error
   'ai.codex.bridgeError': 'Codex 主进程处理器尚未加载。请完全重启 Netcatty 或重启 Electron 开发进程，然后重试。',
@@ -1823,7 +1966,7 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   // AI Safety Settings
   'ai.safety.title': '安全',
   'ai.safety.permissionMode': '权限模式',
-  'ai.safety.permissionMode.description': '控制 AI 与终端的交互方式。观察者模式通过 MCP Server 阻止所有写操作，对内置和 ACP Agent 均生效。确认模式对 ACP Agent 仅为建议性（ACP Agent 有自己的工具审批流程）。',
+  'ai.safety.permissionMode.description': '控制 AI 与终端的交互方式。观察者模式会通过 Netcatty 阻止所有写操作，对内置和 ACP Agent 均生效。确认模式对 ACP Agent 仅为建议性（ACP Agent 有自己的工具审批流程）。',
   'ai.safety.permissionMode.observer': '观察者 - 只读，禁止操作',
   'ai.safety.permissionMode.confirm': '确认 - 操作前询问',
   'ai.safety.permissionMode.autonomous': '自主 - 自由执行',
@@ -1833,7 +1976,7 @@ const zhCN: Messages = {
   'ai.safety.maxIterations': '最大迭代次数',
   'ai.safety.maxIterations.description': '防止 AI 失控执行的最大工具调用循环次数。ACP Agent 可能有自己的内部迭代限制，以其为准。',
   'ai.safety.blocklist': '命令黑名单',
-  'ai.safety.blocklist.description': '用于拦截危险命令的正则表达式。通过 MCP Server 对内置和 ACP Agent 均生效。',
+  'ai.safety.blocklist.description': '用于拦截危险命令的正则表达式。通过 Netcatty 执行层对内置和 ACP Agent 均生效。',
   'ai.safety.blocklist.placeholder': '正则表达式...',
   'ai.safety.blocklist.reset': '恢复默认',
   'ai.safety.blocklist.add': '添加规则',

application/localVaultBackups.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,495 @@
+import type { SyncPayload } from '../domain/sync';
+import {
+  STORAGE_KEY_LOCAL_VAULT_BACKUP_LAST_APP_VERSION,
+  STORAGE_KEY_LOCAL_VAULT_BACKUP_MAX_COUNT,
+  STORAGE_KEY_VAULT_APPLY_IN_PROGRESS,
+  STORAGE_KEY_VAULT_RESTORE_IN_PROGRESS_UNTIL,
+} from '../infrastructure/config/storageKeys';
+import { localStorageAdapter } from '../infrastructure/persistence/localStorageAdapter';
+import { getCloudSyncManager } from '../infrastructure/services/CloudSyncManager';
+import { netcattyBridge } from '../infrastructure/services/netcattyBridge';
+import { hasMeaningfulSyncData } from './syncPayload';
+
+/**
+ * Snapshot the current sync data version (the integer that increments
+ * on each successful cloud sync). Returns undefined when the value is
+ * 0 (never synced) or unavailable, so the UI can fall back to timestamp.
+ */
+function captureCurrentSyncDataVersion(): number | undefined {
+  try {
+    const state = getCloudSyncManager().getState();
+    const v = state.localVersion;
+    return typeof v === 'number' && v > 0 ? v : undefined;
+  } catch {
+    return undefined;
+  }
+}
+
+export type LocalVaultBackupReason = 'app_version_change' | 'before_restore';
+
+export interface LocalVaultBackupPreview {
+  id: string;
+  createdAt: number;
+  reason: LocalVaultBackupReason;
+  /** Sync-data version at the time the snapshot was taken (the integer
+   * that the CloudSyncManager increments on each successful cloud sync).
+   * Undefined when the user had never synced yet, or for legacy backups
+   * persisted before this field was added. */
+  syncDataVersion?: number;
+  /** App version transition fields, only for `app_version_change` records.
+   * Kept for backward compatibility with already-persisted backups. */
+  sourceAppVersion?: string;
+  targetAppVersion?: string;
+  fingerprint: string;
+  preview: {
+    hostCount: number;
+    keyCount: number;
+    snippetCount: number;
+    identityCount: number;
+    portForwardingRuleCount: number;
+  };
+}
+
+export interface LocalVaultBackupDetails {
+  backup: LocalVaultBackupPreview;
+  payload: SyncPayload;
+}
+
+export const DEFAULT_LOCAL_VAULT_BACKUP_MAX_COUNT = 20;
+export const MIN_LOCAL_VAULT_BACKUP_MAX_COUNT = 1;
+export const MAX_LOCAL_VAULT_BACKUP_MAX_COUNT = 100;
+
+export const sanitizeLocalVaultBackupMaxCount = (value: number): number => {
+  if (!Number.isFinite(value)) return DEFAULT_LOCAL_VAULT_BACKUP_MAX_COUNT;
+  return Math.max(
+    MIN_LOCAL_VAULT_BACKUP_MAX_COUNT,
+    Math.min(MAX_LOCAL_VAULT_BACKUP_MAX_COUNT, Math.round(value)),
+  );
+};
+
+export const getLocalVaultBackupMaxCount = (): number => {
+  const stored = localStorageAdapter.readNumber(STORAGE_KEY_LOCAL_VAULT_BACKUP_MAX_COUNT);
+  return sanitizeLocalVaultBackupMaxCount(
+    stored ?? DEFAULT_LOCAL_VAULT_BACKUP_MAX_COUNT,
+  );
+};
+
+export const setLocalVaultBackupMaxCount = (value: number): number => {
+  const sanitized = sanitizeLocalVaultBackupMaxCount(value);
+  localStorageAdapter.writeNumber(STORAGE_KEY_LOCAL_VAULT_BACKUP_MAX_COUNT, sanitized);
+  return sanitized;
+};
+
+export async function trimLocalVaultBackups(maxCount = getLocalVaultBackupMaxCount()): Promise<void> {
+  const bridge = netcattyBridge.get();
+  await bridge?.trimVaultBackups?.({ maxCount });
+}
+
+export async function getLocalVaultBackupCapabilities(): Promise<{
+  encryptionAvailable: boolean;
+}> {
+  const bridge = netcattyBridge.get();
+  const caps = await bridge?.getVaultBackupCapabilities?.();
+  // Conservatively treat a missing bridge (non-Electron environments, early
+  // boot) as unavailable so callers fall back to the locked-down UI path
+  // instead of assuming capabilities they can't verify.
+  return { encryptionAvailable: Boolean(caps?.encryptionAvailable) };
+}
+
+export async function listLocalVaultBackups(): Promise<LocalVaultBackupPreview[]> {
+  const bridge = netcattyBridge.get();
+  const entries = await bridge?.listVaultBackups?.();
+  return Array.isArray(entries) ? entries : [];
+}
+
+export async function readLocalVaultBackup(id: string): Promise<LocalVaultBackupDetails | null> {
+  const bridge = netcattyBridge.get();
+  if (!bridge?.readVaultBackup) return null;
+  return bridge.readVaultBackup({ id });
+}
+
+export async function openLocalVaultBackupDir(): Promise<void> {
+  const bridge = netcattyBridge.get();
+  await bridge?.openVaultBackupDir?.();
+}
+
+export async function createLocalVaultBackup(
+  payload: SyncPayload,
+  options: {
+    reason: LocalVaultBackupReason;
+    syncDataVersion?: number;
+    sourceAppVersion?: string;
+    targetAppVersion?: string;
+    maxCount?: number;
+  },
+): Promise<LocalVaultBackupPreview | null> {
+  // Intentional: an empty-vault backup has nothing to restore from, so we
+  // early-return instead of writing a zero-entry record. Callers that rely
+  // on a backup (protective-before-restore, version-change on first run)
+  // must treat `null` as "no safety net this time" and continue — blocking
+  // the user's flow on a missing backup would be worse than allowing the
+  // apply to proceed without one.
+  if (!hasMeaningfulSyncData(payload)) {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  const bridge = netcattyBridge.get();
+  if (!bridge?.createVaultBackup) {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  try {
+    const result = await bridge.createVaultBackup({
+      payload,
+      reason: options.reason,
+      // Default to the live cloud-sync version so every new backup carries
+      // it even when the caller didn't pass one explicitly. Bridge sanitizer
+      // drops invalid values (non-positive / non-finite), so this is safe.
+      syncDataVersion: options.syncDataVersion ?? captureCurrentSyncDataVersion(),
+      sourceAppVersion: options.sourceAppVersion,
+      targetAppVersion: options.targetAppVersion,
+      maxCount: options.maxCount ?? getLocalVaultBackupMaxCount(),
+    });
+    return result?.backup ?? null;
+  } catch (error) {
+    // The main-process bridge refuses to write backups when safeStorage is
+    // unavailable (VAULT_BACKUP_ENCRYPTION_UNAVAILABLE) because SyncPayload
+    // carries plaintext credentials that must never touch disk unencrypted.
+    // Callers (startup version-change, protective-before-restore) intentionally
+    // continue without a backup rather than blocking the user's flow, so we
+    // log and return null here.
+    const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+    console.warn('[localVaultBackups] Backup skipped:', message);
+    return null;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Thrown when a caller requires a protective backup and the backup
+ * couldn't be written — safeStorage unavailable, bridge missing,
+ * main-process rejection, disk error.
+ *
+ * Callers should surface this as a user-visible abort rather than
+ * proceeding with the destructive apply. Separate from "nothing to
+ * back up" (empty vault) which is returned as `null`.
+ */
+export class ProtectiveBackupUnavailableError extends Error {
+  constructor(message: string) {
+    super(message);
+    this.name = 'ProtectiveBackupUnavailableError';
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create a protective local backup before a destructive apply (restore
+ * from backup list, restore from Gist revision, cloud download applied
+ * over meaningful local state).
+ *
+ * Returns `null` when there is nothing meaningful to back up — in that
+ * case the caller can safely proceed with the apply, because there is
+ * no local data to lose.
+ *
+ * Throws `ProtectiveBackupUnavailableError` when pre-apply state IS
+ * meaningful but the backup attempt failed. Callers MUST abort the
+ * destructive apply in that case and surface the error to the user,
+ * otherwise we regress the exact safety contract the backup system
+ * was added to enforce (the `console.error`-and-proceed pattern that
+ * previously swallowed safeStorage/keychain failures and continued).
+ */
+export async function createRequiredProtectiveLocalVaultBackup(
+  payload: SyncPayload,
+): Promise<LocalVaultBackupPreview | null> {
+  if (!hasMeaningfulSyncData(payload)) {
+    // Nothing to protect — an empty-vault backup would produce a
+    // useless record, not a safety net.
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  const bridge = netcattyBridge.get();
+  if (!bridge?.createVaultBackup) {
+    throw new ProtectiveBackupUnavailableError(
+      'Vault backup bridge is not available in this environment.',
+    );
+  }
+
+  try {
+    const result = await bridge.createVaultBackup({
+      payload,
+      reason: 'before_restore',
+      maxCount: getLocalVaultBackupMaxCount(),
+    });
+    return result?.backup ?? null;
+  } catch (error) {
+    const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+    throw new ProtectiveBackupUnavailableError(message);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * How long each heartbeat extends the cross-window restore barrier.
+ * Short enough that an abandoned lock (crashed window, hung task)
+ * clears itself quickly without user intervention. The heartbeat
+ * interval below refreshes the deadline as long as the caller's task
+ * is still running, so large vaults or slow keychain unlocks cannot
+ * expose a mid-apply window to concurrent auto-sync even when the
+ * total apply time exceeds this value.
+ */
+const RESTORE_BARRIER_HOLD_MS = 60_000;
+
+/**
+ * How often the heartbeat refreshes the barrier. Picked to ensure at
+ * least two refreshes land before the current deadline would expire,
+ * so a single missed tick (event-loop stall, GC pause) cannot drop
+ * the barrier prematurely.
+ */
+const RESTORE_BARRIER_HEARTBEAT_MS = Math.max(1_000, Math.floor(RESTORE_BARRIER_HOLD_MS / 3));
+
+/**
+ * Run `task` while holding a cross-window "restore in progress" barrier.
+ *
+ * The barrier is a localStorage key readable by every window of the same
+ * origin. useAutoSync reads it on each auto-sync and on each data-change
+ * debounce tick, refusing to push while the deadline is still in the
+ * future. We write a time-bounded deadline (rather than a boolean) so a
+ * crashed window can never leave sync permanently wedged.
+ *
+ * While the task runs, a heartbeat timer re-writes the deadline so a
+ * slow apply (large vault, slow keychain) keeps the barrier held rather
+ * than exposing a post-deadline window to concurrent auto-sync. The
+ * heartbeat is cleared and the barrier is released in a finally block
+ * so success, throw, and unexpected early-return all converge on the
+ * same cleanup.
+ */
+export async function withRestoreBarrier<T>(
+  task: () => Promise<T>,
+  holdMs: number = RESTORE_BARRIER_HOLD_MS,
+): Promise<T> {
+  const writeDeadline = () => {
+    try {
+      localStorageAdapter.writeNumber(
+        STORAGE_KEY_VAULT_RESTORE_IN_PROGRESS_UNTIL,
+        Date.now() + holdMs,
+      );
+    } catch (error) {
+      // If we can't write the barrier we still proceed — the UI-side
+      // `isSyncBusy` guard and same-window debounce cancellation are a
+      // secondary defense. Better to complete the restore than refuse on
+      // a broken localStorage.
+      console.warn('[localVaultBackups] Failed to set restore barrier:', error);
+    }
+  };
+
+  writeDeadline();
+  const heartbeat = setInterval(
+    writeDeadline,
+    Math.max(1_000, Math.min(holdMs / 3, RESTORE_BARRIER_HEARTBEAT_MS)),
+  );
+
+  try {
+    return await task();
+  } finally {
+    clearInterval(heartbeat);
+    try {
+      localStorageAdapter.writeNumber(STORAGE_KEY_VAULT_RESTORE_IN_PROGRESS_UNTIL, 0);
+    } catch {
+      /* ignore — the deadline will expire naturally */
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Shape of the apply-in-progress sentinel record. Persisted as JSON in
+ * `STORAGE_KEY_VAULT_APPLY_IN_PROGRESS` so the next session can
+ * distinguish "the last apply completed cleanly" from "the last apply
+ * crashed mid-way and the local vault is a partial mix of states."
+ */
+export interface VaultApplyInProgressRecord {
+  startedAt: number;
+  protectiveBackupId: string | null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns the persisted apply-in-progress record if a previous apply
+ * was interrupted before clearing it. Callers (notably auto-sync) use
+ * this to refuse to push a partial-apply local state over an intact
+ * cloud copy. See `applyProtectedSyncPayload` for the write side.
+ *
+ * `null` here means "no interrupted apply detected" — either nothing
+ * was ever applied, or the last apply finished cleanly.
+ */
+export function readInterruptedVaultApply(): VaultApplyInProgressRecord | null {
+  try {
+    const raw = localStorageAdapter.readString(STORAGE_KEY_VAULT_APPLY_IN_PROGRESS);
+    if (!raw) return null;
+    const parsed = JSON.parse(raw);
+    if (!parsed || typeof parsed !== 'object') return null;
+    const startedAt = typeof parsed.startedAt === 'number' ? parsed.startedAt : 0;
+    const protectiveBackupId =
+      typeof parsed.protectiveBackupId === 'string' ? parsed.protectiveBackupId : null;
+    if (!startedAt) return null;
+    return { startedAt, protectiveBackupId };
+  } catch {
+    return null;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Clears the apply-in-progress sentinel. The normal completion path
+ * inside `applyProtectedSyncPayload` clears it automatically; this
+ * export exists so the user's explicit recovery action ("I've restored
+ * from a backup, resume sync") can acknowledge the interrupted state
+ * from the UI without re-running an apply.
+ */
+export function clearInterruptedVaultApply(): void {
+  try {
+    localStorageAdapter.remove(STORAGE_KEY_VAULT_APPLY_IN_PROGRESS);
+  } catch {
+    /* ignore — next clean apply will overwrite */
+  }
+}
+
+function writeApplyInProgressSentinel(record: VaultApplyInProgressRecord): void {
+  try {
+    localStorageAdapter.writeString(
+      STORAGE_KEY_VAULT_APPLY_IN_PROGRESS,
+      JSON.stringify(record),
+    );
+  } catch (error) {
+    // Sentinel write is best-effort: a failure here means a later crash
+    // won't be detected, but does NOT compromise the apply itself.
+    // Log so a systematic storage outage is diagnosable.
+    console.warn('[localVaultBackups] Failed to set apply-in-progress sentinel:', error);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Shared "apply a remote-sourced payload safely" helper.
+ *
+ * Holds the cross-window restore barrier, snapshots the pre-apply vault
+ * into a protective backup, persists an apply-in-progress sentinel, and
+ * only then runs the supplied `applyPayload` callback. Every destructive
+ * apply path (startup merge, conflict resolution, empty-vault restore,
+ * manual Gist-revision restore) must go through this so the protections
+ * can't drift out of sync between the main window and the settings
+ * window.
+ *
+ * The sentinel closes the partial-apply-then-crash window: `applyPayload`
+ * writes to several localStorage keys non-atomically (hosts, keys, port-
+ * forwarding rules, settings). A crash mid-sequence leaves the vault in
+ * a state that is neither pre-apply nor post-apply, and the next
+ * auto-sync would otherwise push that partial state over an intact cloud
+ * copy. The sentinel flags "local may be inconsistent" for the next
+ * session; `readInterruptedVaultApply` exposes that to callers that
+ * enforce "don't auto-push a half-applied vault."
+ *
+ * `buildPreApplyPayload` is invoked *before* the apply to snapshot the
+ * current vault. Callers pass their own React-closure builder (hosts,
+ * keys, port-forwarding rules) because the caller owns that state.
+ *
+ * `translateProtectiveBackupFailure` converts the
+ * `ProtectiveBackupUnavailableError` into a user-visible message in the
+ * caller's locale. It runs only on the thrown-and-caught path.
+ */
+export function applyProtectedSyncPayload(options: {
+  buildPreApplyPayload: () => SyncPayload;
+  applyPayload: () => void | Promise<void>;
+  translateProtectiveBackupFailure: (message: string) => string;
+}): Promise<void> {
+  const { buildPreApplyPayload, applyPayload, translateProtectiveBackupFailure } = options;
+  return withRestoreBarrier(async () => {
+    const pre = buildPreApplyPayload();
+    let protectiveBackupId: string | null = null;
+    try {
+      const backup = await createRequiredProtectiveLocalVaultBackup(pre);
+      protectiveBackupId = backup?.id ?? null;
+    } catch (error) {
+      // Destructive apply without a working safety net is exactly the
+      // overwrite-without-recovery regression this module was added to
+      // prevent. Surface the failure to the caller; every call site
+      // currently aborts the apply and shows a user-visible error.
+      if (error instanceof ProtectiveBackupUnavailableError) {
+        throw new Error(translateProtectiveBackupFailure(error.message));
+      }
+      throw error;
+    }
+
+    // Mark the apply as in-progress. If the renderer crashes between
+    // the first localStorage write inside `applyPayload` and the
+    // successful completion below, the next session will observe this
+    // sentinel and refuse to auto-sync the partial state.
+    writeApplyInProgressSentinel({
+      startedAt: Date.now(),
+      protectiveBackupId,
+    });
+
+    // Only clear the sentinel on successful completion. A throw from
+    // `applyPayload` deliberately leaves the sentinel set: the partial
+    // write is still on disk, and the next session must observe the
+    // flag so auto-sync refuses to push the half-applied state.
+    await applyPayload();
+    clearInterruptedVaultApply();
+  });
+}
+
+export async function ensureVersionChangeBackup(
+  payload: SyncPayload,
+  currentAppVersion: string | null | undefined,
+): Promise<{ created: boolean; backup: LocalVaultBackupPreview | null }> {
+  const normalizedVersion = currentAppVersion?.trim() || '';
+  if (!normalizedVersion) {
+    return { created: false, backup: null };
+  }
+
+  const previousVersion =
+    localStorageAdapter.readString(STORAGE_KEY_LOCAL_VAULT_BACKUP_LAST_APP_VERSION)?.trim() || '';
+
+  if (!previousVersion) {
+    localStorageAdapter.writeString(STORAGE_KEY_LOCAL_VAULT_BACKUP_LAST_APP_VERSION, normalizedVersion);
+    return { created: false, backup: null };
+  }
+
+  if (previousVersion === normalizedVersion) {
+    return { created: false, backup: null };
+  }
+
+  let backup: LocalVaultBackupPreview | null = null;
+  const payloadIsMeaningful = hasMeaningfulSyncData(payload);
+  if (payloadIsMeaningful) {
+    backup = await createLocalVaultBackup(payload, {
+      reason: 'app_version_change',
+      sourceAppVersion: previousVersion,
+      targetAppVersion: normalizedVersion,
+    });
+  }
+
+  // Only advance the stored version stamp when we actually wrote a
+  // backup. Two failure modes we must NOT collapse into "advance":
+  //
+  //   1. Meaningful payload + backup failed (transient keychain lock,
+  //      disk error) — leaving the stamp unchanged means the next
+  //      launch retries, instead of turning a transient error into a
+  //      permanent "the version-change backup never happened" hole.
+  //
+  //   2. Non-meaningful payload at the moment we checked — on startup
+  //      the async vault rehydrate may not have finished yet, so
+  //      `hasMeaningfulSyncData` can return false transiently even
+  //      though the user has real data. Advancing in that window would
+  //      burn the one-shot upgrade opportunity; holding keeps the
+  //      retry available on the next launch when rehydrate has
+  //      completed (or when the user genuinely starts from empty and
+  //      the next migration-boundary arrives).
+  //
+  // Trade-off: a user who truly starts empty and never adds data will
+  // hit this branch on every launch until they do. That's cheap (a
+  // single meaningful-data check) and strictly safer than silently
+  // skipping the first real upgrade backup.
+  const shouldAdvanceVersion = payloadIsMeaningful && backup !== null;
+  if (shouldAdvanceVersion) {
+    localStorageAdapter.writeString(STORAGE_KEY_LOCAL_VAULT_BACKUP_LAST_APP_VERSION, normalizedVersion);
+  }
+
+  return {
+    created: Boolean(backup),
+    backup,
+  };
+}

application/state/aiDraftState.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,349 @@
+import test from "node:test";
+import assert from "node:assert/strict";
+
+import {
+  activateDraftView,
+  bumpDraftMutationVersionState,
+  bumpDraftUploadGenerationState,
+  clearScopeDraftState,
+  createEmptyDraft,
+  ensureDraftForScopeState,
+  getDraftMutationVersionState,
+  getDraftUploadGenerationState,
+  pruneTerminalScopeState,
+  pruneTerminalTransientState,
+  resolvePanelView,
+  selectDraftForAgentSwitch,
+  setDraftView,
+  setSessionView,
+  updateDraftForScope,
+} from "./aiDraftState.ts";
+
+test("createEmptyDraft seeds selected agent and empty inputs", () => {
+  const draft = createEmptyDraft("agent-alpha");
+
+  assert.equal(draft.agentId, "agent-alpha");
+  assert.equal(draft.text, "");
+  assert.deepEqual(draft.attachments, []);
+  assert.deepEqual(draft.selectedUserSkillSlugs, []);
+  assert.equal(typeof draft.updatedAt, "number");
+});
+
+test("resolvePanelView defaults to draft when no explicit view exists", () => {
+  assert.deepEqual(resolvePanelView({}, "terminal:123"), { mode: "draft" });
+});
+
+test("setDraftView records draft mode", () => {
+  assert.deepEqual(setDraftView({}, "terminal:123"), {
+    "terminal:123": { mode: "draft" },
+  });
+});
+
+test("activateDraftView clears the terminal scope's active session owner", () => {
+  const activeSessionIdMap = {
+    "terminal:123": "session-123",
+    "workspace:abc": "session-workspace",
+  };
+  const panelViewByScope = {
+    "terminal:123": { mode: "session", sessionId: "session-123" },
+    "workspace:abc": { mode: "session", sessionId: "session-workspace" },
+  } satisfies Record<string, { mode: "draft" } | { mode: "session"; sessionId: string }>;
+
+  const next = activateDraftView(
+    activeSessionIdMap,
+    panelViewByScope,
+    "terminal:123",
+  );
+
+  assert.deepEqual(next.activeSessionIdMap, {
+    "workspace:abc": "session-workspace",
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(next.panelViewByScope, {
+    "terminal:123": { mode: "draft" },
+    "workspace:abc": panelViewByScope["workspace:abc"],
+  });
+});
+
+test("activateDraftView is a no-op when the scope already has explicit draft view", () => {
+  const activeSessionIdMap = {
+    "workspace:abc": "session-workspace",
+  };
+  const panelViewByScope = {
+    "terminal:123": { mode: "draft" },
+    "workspace:abc": { mode: "session", sessionId: "session-workspace" },
+  } satisfies Record<string, { mode: "draft" } | { mode: "session"; sessionId: string }>;
+
+  const next = activateDraftView(
+    activeSessionIdMap,
+    panelViewByScope,
+    "terminal:123",
+  );
+
+  assert.equal(next.activeSessionIdMap, activeSessionIdMap);
+  assert.equal(next.panelViewByScope, panelViewByScope);
+});
+
+test("setSessionView records target session id", () => {
+  assert.deepEqual(setSessionView({}, "workspace:abc", "session-123"), {
+    "workspace:abc": { mode: "session", sessionId: "session-123" },
+  });
+});
+
+test("clearScopeDraftState removes both the draft and current panel view", () => {
+  const draftsByScope = {
+    "terminal:1": createEmptyDraft("agent-alpha"),
+    "workspace:2": createEmptyDraft("agent-beta"),
+  };
+  const panelViewByScope = {
+    "terminal:1": { mode: "session", sessionId: "session-123" },
+    "workspace:2": { mode: "draft" },
+  } satisfies Record<string, { mode: "draft" } | { mode: "session"; sessionId: string }>;
+
+  const next = clearScopeDraftState(draftsByScope, panelViewByScope, "terminal:1");
+
+  assert.deepEqual(next.draftsByScope, {
+    "workspace:2": draftsByScope["workspace:2"],
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(next.panelViewByScope, {
+    "workspace:2": panelViewByScope["workspace:2"],
+  });
+});
+
+test("clearScopeDraftState is a no-op when the scope is already cleared", () => {
+  const draftsByScope = {
+    "workspace:2": createEmptyDraft("agent-beta"),
+  };
+  const panelViewByScope = {
+    "workspace:2": { mode: "draft" },
+  } satisfies Record<string, { mode: "draft" } | { mode: "session"; sessionId: string }>;
+
+  const next = clearScopeDraftState(draftsByScope, panelViewByScope, "terminal:closed");
+
+  assert.equal(next.draftsByScope, draftsByScope);
+  assert.equal(next.panelViewByScope, panelViewByScope);
+});
+
+test("updateDraftForScope creates a draft on first write and keeps other scopes untouched", () => {
+  const draftsByScope = {
+    "workspace:2": createEmptyDraft("agent-beta"),
+  };
+
+  const next = updateDraftForScope(
+    draftsByScope,
+    "terminal:1",
+    "agent-alpha",
+    (draft) => ({
+      ...draft,
+      text: "hello world",
+    }),
+  );
+
+  assert.equal(next["terminal:1"].agentId, "agent-alpha");
+  assert.equal(next["terminal:1"].text, "hello world");
+  assert.equal(next["workspace:2"], draftsByScope["workspace:2"]);
+});
+
+test("ensureDraftForScopeState adds the missing scope without dropping siblings", () => {
+  const draftsByScope = {
+    "workspace:2": createEmptyDraft("agent-beta"),
+  };
+
+  const next = ensureDraftForScopeState(
+    draftsByScope,
+    "terminal:1",
+    "agent-alpha",
+  );
+
+  assert.equal(next["terminal:1"].agentId, "agent-alpha");
+  assert.equal(next["terminal:1"].text, "");
+  assert.equal(next["workspace:2"], draftsByScope["workspace:2"]);
+});
+
+test("ensureDraftForScopeState returns the original ref when the scope already exists", () => {
+  const draftsByScope = {
+    "terminal:1": createEmptyDraft("agent-alpha"),
+  };
+
+  const next = ensureDraftForScopeState(
+    draftsByScope,
+    "terminal:1",
+    "agent-beta",
+  );
+
+  assert.equal(next, draftsByScope);
+});
+
+test("selectDraftForAgentSwitch preserves hidden draft content when leaving a populated chat session", () => {
+  const currentDraft = {
+    ...createEmptyDraft("agent-alpha"),
+    text: "keep me only if I was already drafting",
+    attachments: [{ id: "file-1", filename: "note.txt", dataUrl: "", base64Data: "", mediaType: "text/plain" }],
+    selectedUserSkillSlugs: ["skill-a"],
+  };
+
+  const next = selectDraftForAgentSwitch(currentDraft, "agent-beta", true);
+
+  assert.equal(next.agentId, "agent-beta");
+  assert.equal(next.text, "keep me only if I was already drafting");
+  assert.deepEqual(next.attachments, currentDraft.attachments);
+  assert.deepEqual(next.selectedUserSkillSlugs, ["skill-a"]);
+});
+
+test("selectDraftForAgentSwitch resets to an empty draft when leaving a populated chat session without pending draft content", () => {
+  const currentDraft = createEmptyDraft("agent-alpha");
+
+  const next = selectDraftForAgentSwitch(currentDraft, "agent-beta", true);
+
+  assert.equal(next.agentId, "agent-beta");
+  assert.equal(next.text, "");
+  assert.deepEqual(next.attachments, []);
+  assert.deepEqual(next.selectedUserSkillSlugs, []);
+});
+
+test("selectDraftForAgentSwitch preserves an existing draft while only changing agent", () => {
+  const currentDraft = {
+    ...createEmptyDraft("agent-alpha"),
+    text: "unfinished prompt",
+    selectedUserSkillSlugs: ["skill-a"],
+  };
+
+  const next = selectDraftForAgentSwitch(currentDraft, "agent-beta", false);
+
+  assert.equal(next.agentId, "agent-beta");
+  assert.equal(next.text, "unfinished prompt");
+  assert.deepEqual(next.selectedUserSkillSlugs, ["skill-a"]);
+});
+
+test("draft mutation version increments on every mutation for the same scope", () => {
+  const scopeKey = "terminal:1";
+  const initialVersion = getDraftMutationVersionState({}, scopeKey);
+  const nextVersions = bumpDraftMutationVersionState({}, scopeKey);
+  const finalVersions = bumpDraftMutationVersionState(nextVersions, scopeKey);
+
+  assert.equal(initialVersion, 0);
+  assert.equal(getDraftMutationVersionState(nextVersions, scopeKey), 1);
+  assert.equal(getDraftMutationVersionState(finalVersions, scopeKey), 2);
+});
+
+test("draft upload generation only increments when the draft lifecycle rolls over", () => {
+  const scopeKey = "terminal:1";
+  const initialGeneration = getDraftUploadGenerationState({}, scopeKey);
+  const nextGenerations = bumpDraftUploadGenerationState({}, scopeKey);
+  const finalGenerations = bumpDraftUploadGenerationState(nextGenerations, scopeKey);
+
+  assert.equal(initialGeneration, 0);
+  assert.equal(getDraftUploadGenerationState(nextGenerations, scopeKey), 1);
+  assert.equal(getDraftUploadGenerationState(finalGenerations, scopeKey), 2);
+});
+
+test("pruneTerminalScopeState removes closed terminal drafts and views only", () => {
+  const draftsByScope = {
+    "terminal:closed": createEmptyDraft("agent-alpha"),
+    "terminal:open": createEmptyDraft("agent-beta"),
+    "workspace:keep": createEmptyDraft("agent-gamma"),
+  };
+  const panelViewByScope = {
+    "terminal:closed": { mode: "draft" },
+    "terminal:open": { mode: "session", sessionId: "session-open" },
+    "workspace:keep": { mode: "session", sessionId: "session-workspace" },
+  } satisfies Record<string, { mode: "draft" } | { mode: "session"; sessionId: string }>;
+
+  const next = pruneTerminalScopeState(
+    draftsByScope,
+    panelViewByScope,
+    new Set(["open"]),
+  );
+
+  assert.deepEqual(next.draftsByScope, {
+    "terminal:open": draftsByScope["terminal:open"],
+    "workspace:keep": draftsByScope["workspace:keep"],
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(next.panelViewByScope, {
+    "terminal:open": panelViewByScope["terminal:open"],
+    "workspace:keep": panelViewByScope["workspace:keep"],
+  });
+});
+
+test("pruneTerminalScopeState returns original refs when nothing is pruned", () => {
+  const draftsByScope = {
+    "terminal:open": createEmptyDraft("agent-alpha"),
+    "workspace:keep": createEmptyDraft("agent-beta"),
+  };
+  const panelViewByScope = {
+    "terminal:open": { mode: "draft" },
+    "workspace:keep": { mode: "session", sessionId: "session-1" },
+  } satisfies Record<string, { mode: "draft" } | { mode: "session"; sessionId: string }>;
+
+  const next = pruneTerminalScopeState(
+    draftsByScope,
+    panelViewByScope,
+    new Set(["open"]),
+  );
+
+  assert.equal(next.draftsByScope, draftsByScope);
+  assert.equal(next.panelViewByScope, panelViewByScope);
+});
+
+test("pruneTerminalTransientState clears closed terminal active session, draft, and view state only", () => {
+  const activeSessionIdMap = {
+    "terminal:closed": "session-closed",
+    "terminal:open": "session-open",
+    "workspace:keep": "session-workspace",
+  };
+  const draftsByScope = {
+    "terminal:closed": createEmptyDraft("agent-alpha"),
+    "terminal:open": createEmptyDraft("agent-beta"),
+    "workspace:keep": createEmptyDraft("agent-gamma"),
+  };
+  const panelViewByScope = {
+    "terminal:closed": { mode: "draft" },
+    "terminal:open": { mode: "session", sessionId: "session-open" },
+    "workspace:keep": { mode: "session", sessionId: "session-workspace" },
+  } satisfies Record<string, { mode: "draft" } | { mode: "session"; sessionId: string }>;
+
+  const next = pruneTerminalTransientState(
+    activeSessionIdMap,
+    draftsByScope,
+    panelViewByScope,
+    new Set(["open"]),
+  );
+
+  assert.deepEqual(next.activeSessionIdMap, {
+    "terminal:open": "session-open",
+    "workspace:keep": "session-workspace",
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(next.draftsByScope, {
+    "terminal:open": draftsByScope["terminal:open"],
+    "workspace:keep": draftsByScope["workspace:keep"],
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(next.panelViewByScope, {
+    "terminal:open": panelViewByScope["terminal:open"],
+    "workspace:keep": panelViewByScope["workspace:keep"],
+  });
+});
+
+test("pruneTerminalTransientState returns original refs when no terminal scopes close", () => {
+  const activeSessionIdMap = {
+    "terminal:open": "session-open",
+    "workspace:keep": "session-workspace",
+  };
+  const draftsByScope = {
+    "terminal:open": createEmptyDraft("agent-alpha"),
+    "workspace:keep": createEmptyDraft("agent-beta"),
+  };
+  const panelViewByScope = {
+    "terminal:open": { mode: "draft" },
+    "workspace:keep": { mode: "session", sessionId: "session-workspace" },
+  } satisfies Record<string, { mode: "draft" } | { mode: "session"; sessionId: string }>;
+
+  const next = pruneTerminalTransientState(
+    activeSessionIdMap,
+    draftsByScope,
+    panelViewByScope,
+    new Set(["open"]),
+  );
+
+  assert.equal(next.activeSessionIdMap, activeSessionIdMap);
+  assert.equal(next.draftsByScope, draftsByScope);
+  assert.equal(next.panelViewByScope, panelViewByScope);
+});

application/state/aiDraftState.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+import type {
+  AIDraft,
+  AIPanelView,
+} from '../../infrastructure/ai/types';
+
+type DraftsByScope = Partial<Record<string, AIDraft>>;
+type PanelViewByScope = Partial<Record<string, AIPanelView>>;
+type ActiveSessionIdMap = Record<string, string | null>;
+type DraftMutationVersionByScope = Record<string, number>;
+type DraftUploadGenerationByScope = Record<string, number>;
+
+const DEFAULT_PANEL_VIEW: AIPanelView = { mode: 'draft' };
+
+export function createEmptyDraft(agentId: string): AIDraft {
+  return {
+    text: '',
+    agentId,
+    attachments: [],
+    selectedUserSkillSlugs: [],
+    updatedAt: Date.now(),
+  };
+}
+
+export function getDraftMutationVersionState(
+  versionsByScope: DraftMutationVersionByScope,
+  scopeKey: string,
+): number {
+  return versionsByScope[scopeKey] ?? 0;
+}
+
+export function bumpDraftMutationVersionState(
+  versionsByScope: DraftMutationVersionByScope,
+  scopeKey: string,
+): DraftMutationVersionByScope {
+  return {
+    ...versionsByScope,
+    [scopeKey]: getDraftMutationVersionState(versionsByScope, scopeKey) + 1,
+  };
+}
+
+export function getDraftUploadGenerationState(
+  generationsByScope: DraftUploadGenerationByScope,
+  scopeKey: string,
+): number {
+  return generationsByScope[scopeKey] ?? 0;
+}
+
+export function bumpDraftUploadGenerationState(
+  generationsByScope: DraftUploadGenerationByScope,
+  scopeKey: string,
+): DraftUploadGenerationByScope {
+  return {
+    ...generationsByScope,
+    [scopeKey]: getDraftUploadGenerationState(generationsByScope, scopeKey) + 1,
+  };
+}
+
+export function resolvePanelView(
+  panelViewByScope: PanelViewByScope,
+  scopeKey: string,
+): AIPanelView {
+  return panelViewByScope[scopeKey] ?? DEFAULT_PANEL_VIEW;
+}
+
+export function setDraftView(
+  panelViewByScope: PanelViewByScope,
+  scopeKey: string,
+): PanelViewByScope {
+  const currentPanelView = panelViewByScope[scopeKey];
+  if (currentPanelView?.mode === 'draft') {
+    return panelViewByScope;
+  }
+
+  return {
+    ...panelViewByScope,
+    [scopeKey]: DEFAULT_PANEL_VIEW,
+  };
+}
+
+export function activateDraftView(
+  activeSessionIdMap: ActiveSessionIdMap,
+  panelViewByScope: PanelViewByScope,
+  scopeKey: string,
+): {
+  activeSessionIdMap: ActiveSessionIdMap;
+  panelViewByScope: PanelViewByScope;
+} {
+  const nextPanelViewByScope = setDraftView(panelViewByScope, scopeKey);
+  const hasActiveSession = activeSessionIdMap[scopeKey] != null;
+
+  if (!hasActiveSession) {
+    return {
+      activeSessionIdMap,
+      panelViewByScope: nextPanelViewByScope,
+    };
+  }
+
+  const nextActiveSessionIdMap = { ...activeSessionIdMap };
+  delete nextActiveSessionIdMap[scopeKey];
+
+  return {
+    activeSessionIdMap: nextActiveSessionIdMap,
+    panelViewByScope: nextPanelViewByScope,
+  };
+}
+
+export function setSessionView(
+  panelViewByScope: PanelViewByScope,
+  scopeKey: string,
+  sessionId: string,
+): PanelViewByScope {
+  return {
+    ...panelViewByScope,
+    [scopeKey]: { mode: 'session', sessionId },
+  };
+}
+
+export function updateDraftForScope(
+  draftsByScope: DraftsByScope,
+  scopeKey: string,
+  fallbackAgentId: string,
+  updater: (draft: AIDraft) => AIDraft,
+): DraftsByScope {
+  const currentDraft = draftsByScope[scopeKey] ?? createEmptyDraft(fallbackAgentId);
+  const nextDraft = updater(currentDraft);
+
+  return {
+    ...draftsByScope,
+    [scopeKey]: nextDraft,
+  };
+}
+
+export function ensureDraftForScopeState(
+  draftsByScope: DraftsByScope,
+  scopeKey: string,
+  agentId: string,
+): DraftsByScope {
+  if (draftsByScope[scopeKey]) {
+    return draftsByScope;
+  }
+
+  return {
+    ...draftsByScope,
+    [scopeKey]: createEmptyDraft(agentId),
+  };
+}
+
+export function selectDraftForAgentSwitch(
+  currentDraft: AIDraft | null | undefined,
+  agentId: string,
+  startFresh: boolean,
+): AIDraft {
+  const hasPendingDraftContent = Boolean(
+    currentDraft
+    && (
+      currentDraft.text.length > 0
+      || currentDraft.attachments.length > 0
+      || currentDraft.selectedUserSkillSlugs.length > 0
+    ),
+  );
+
+  if (startFresh && !hasPendingDraftContent) {
+    return createEmptyDraft(agentId);
+  }
+
+  const baseDraft = currentDraft ?? createEmptyDraft(agentId);
+  return {
+    ...baseDraft,
+    agentId,
+  };
+}
+
+export function clearScopeDraftState(
+  draftsByScope: DraftsByScope,
+  panelViewByScope: PanelViewByScope,
+  scopeKey: string,
+): {
+  draftsByScope: DraftsByScope;
+  panelViewByScope: PanelViewByScope;
+} {
+  const hasDraft = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(draftsByScope, scopeKey);
+  const hasPanelView = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(panelViewByScope, scopeKey);
+
+  if (!hasDraft && !hasPanelView) {
+    return {
+      draftsByScope,
+      panelViewByScope,
+    };
+  }
+
+  return {
+    draftsByScope: hasDraft
+      ? (() => {
+          const nextDrafts = { ...draftsByScope };
+          delete nextDrafts[scopeKey];
+          return nextDrafts;
+        })()
+      : draftsByScope,
+    panelViewByScope: hasPanelView
+      ? (() => {
+          const nextPanelViews = { ...panelViewByScope };
+          delete nextPanelViews[scopeKey];
+          return nextPanelViews;
+        })()
+      : panelViewByScope,
+  };
+}
+
+function isClosedTerminalScope(scopeKey: string, activeTerminalTargetIds: Set<string>) {
+  if (!scopeKey.startsWith('terminal:')) return false;
+
+  const targetId = scopeKey.slice('terminal:'.length);
+  if (!targetId) return false;
+
+  return !activeTerminalTargetIds.has(targetId);
+}
+
+export function pruneTerminalScopeState(
+  draftsByScope: DraftsByScope,
+  panelViewByScope: PanelViewByScope,
+  activeTerminalTargetIds: Set<string>,
+): {
+  draftsByScope: DraftsByScope;
+  panelViewByScope: PanelViewByScope;
+} {
+  const nextDraftsByScope = { ...draftsByScope };
+  const nextPanelViewByScope = { ...panelViewByScope };
+  let draftsChanged = false;
+  let panelViewsChanged = false;
+
+  for (const scopeKey of Object.keys(nextDraftsByScope)) {
+    if (!isClosedTerminalScope(scopeKey, activeTerminalTargetIds)) continue;
+    delete nextDraftsByScope[scopeKey];
+    draftsChanged = true;
+  }
+
+  for (const scopeKey of Object.keys(nextPanelViewByScope)) {
+    if (!isClosedTerminalScope(scopeKey, activeTerminalTargetIds)) continue;
+    delete nextPanelViewByScope[scopeKey];
+    panelViewsChanged = true;
+  }
+
+  return {
+    draftsByScope: draftsChanged ? nextDraftsByScope : draftsByScope,
+    panelViewByScope: panelViewsChanged ? nextPanelViewByScope : panelViewByScope,
+  };
+}
+
+export function pruneTerminalTransientState(
+  activeSessionIdMap: ActiveSessionIdMap,
+  draftsByScope: DraftsByScope,
+  panelViewByScope: PanelViewByScope,
+  activeTerminalTargetIds: Set<string>,
+): {
+  activeSessionIdMap: ActiveSessionIdMap;
+  draftsByScope: DraftsByScope;
+  panelViewByScope: PanelViewByScope;
+} {
+  let activeSessionMapChanged = false;
+  const nextActiveSessionIdMap: ActiveSessionIdMap = {};
+
+  for (const [scopeKey, sessionId] of Object.entries(activeSessionIdMap)) {
+    if (isClosedTerminalScope(scopeKey, activeTerminalTargetIds)) {
+      activeSessionMapChanged = true;
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    nextActiveSessionIdMap[scopeKey] = sessionId;
+  }
+
+  const nextTerminalScopeState = pruneTerminalScopeState(
+    draftsByScope,
+    panelViewByScope,
+    activeTerminalTargetIds,
+  );
+
+  return {
+    activeSessionIdMap: activeSessionMapChanged ? nextActiveSessionIdMap : activeSessionIdMap,
+    draftsByScope: nextTerminalScopeState.draftsByScope,
+    panelViewByScope: nextTerminalScopeState.panelViewByScope,
+  };
+}

application/state/aiScopeCleanup.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+import test from "node:test";
+import assert from "node:assert/strict";
+
+import type {
+  AIPanelView,
+  AISession,
+} from "../../infrastructure/ai/types.ts";
+import { createEmptyDraft } from "./aiDraftState.ts";
+import {
+  pruneInactiveScopedSessions,
+  pruneInactiveScopedTransientState,
+} from "./aiScopeCleanup.ts";
+
+function createSession(id: string, scope: AISession["scope"], externalSessionId?: string): AISession {
+  return {
+    id,
+    title: id,
+    agentId: "catty",
+    scope,
+    messages: [],
+    externalSessionId,
+    createdAt: 1,
+    updatedAt: 1,
+  };
+}
+
+test("pruneInactiveScopedTransientState removes closed workspace and terminal scope state", () => {
+  const activeSessionIdMap = {
+    "terminal:open-terminal": "session-open",
+    "terminal:closed-terminal": "session-closed-terminal",
+    "workspace:open-workspace": "session-open-workspace",
+    "workspace:closed-workspace": "session-closed-workspace",
+  };
+  const draftsByScope = {
+    "terminal:open-terminal": createEmptyDraft("catty"),
+    "terminal:closed-terminal": createEmptyDraft("catty"),
+    "workspace:open-workspace": createEmptyDraft("catty"),
+    "workspace:closed-workspace": createEmptyDraft("catty"),
+  };
+  const panelViewByScope = {
+    "terminal:open-terminal": { mode: "draft" },
+    "terminal:closed-terminal": { mode: "session", sessionId: "session-closed-terminal" },
+    "workspace:open-workspace": { mode: "draft" },
+    "workspace:closed-workspace": { mode: "session", sessionId: "session-closed-workspace" },
+  } satisfies Record<string, AIPanelView>;
+
+  const next = pruneInactiveScopedTransientState(
+    activeSessionIdMap,
+    draftsByScope,
+    panelViewByScope,
+    new Set(["open-terminal", "open-workspace"]),
+  );
+
+  assert.deepEqual(next.activeSessionIdMap, {
+    "terminal:open-terminal": "session-open",
+    "workspace:open-workspace": "session-open-workspace",
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(next.draftsByScope, {
+    "terminal:open-terminal": draftsByScope["terminal:open-terminal"],
+    "workspace:open-workspace": draftsByScope["workspace:open-workspace"],
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(next.panelViewByScope, {
+    "terminal:open-terminal": panelViewByScope["terminal:open-terminal"],
+    "workspace:open-workspace": panelViewByScope["workspace:open-workspace"],
+  });
+});
+
+test("pruneInactiveScopedSessions preserves restorable terminal ACP ids across reconnects", () => {
+  const sessions = [
+    createSession("terminal-restorable", {
+      type: "terminal",
+      targetId: "closed-restorable",
+      hostIds: ["host-1"],
+    }, "ext-1"),
+    createSession("terminal-local", {
+      type: "terminal",
+      targetId: "closed-local",
+      hostIds: ["local-shell"],
+    }, "ext-2"),
+    createSession("workspace-closed", {
+      type: "workspace",
+      targetId: "closed-workspace",
+    }, "ext-3"),
+    createSession("terminal-open", {
+      type: "terminal",
+      targetId: "open-terminal",
+      hostIds: ["host-2"],
+    }, "ext-4"),
+  ];
+
+  const next = pruneInactiveScopedSessions(
+    sessions,
+    new Set(["open-terminal"]),
+  );
+
+  assert.deepEqual(next.orphanedSessionIds, [
+    "terminal-restorable",
+    "terminal-local",
+    "workspace-closed",
+  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(next.sessions, [
+    sessions[0],
+    sessions[3],
+  ]);
+});
+
+test("pruneInactiveScopedSessions preserves original sessions when orphaned restorable chats are already detached", () => {
+  const sessions = [
+    createSession("terminal-restorable", {
+      type: "terminal",
+      targetId: "closed-restorable",
+      hostIds: ["host-1"],
+    }),
+    createSession("terminal-open", {
+      type: "terminal",
+      targetId: "open-terminal",
+      hostIds: ["host-2"],
+    }, "ext-4"),
+  ];
+
+  const next = pruneInactiveScopedSessions(
+    sessions,
+    new Set(["open-terminal"]),
+  );
+
+  assert.deepEqual(next.orphanedSessionIds, ["terminal-restorable"]);
+  assert.equal(next.sessions, sessions);
+});
+
+test("pruneInactiveScopedSessions treats sessions displayed elsewhere as in-use, not orphaned", () => {
+  // terminal-restorable's original scope (terminal-closed-A) is gone, but
+  // the user resumed it into terminal-open-B from history. The session's
+  // externalSessionId must be preserved and it must not appear in the
+  // orphaned list, otherwise the active chat loses ACP continuity.
+  const resumedElsewhere = createSession("terminal-restorable", {
+    type: "terminal",
+    targetId: "terminal-closed-A",
+    hostIds: ["host-1"],
+  }, "ext-resumed");
+
+  const trulyOrphaned = createSession("terminal-stale", {
+    type: "terminal",
+    targetId: "terminal-closed-C",
+    hostIds: ["host-2"],
+  }, "ext-stale");
+
+  const sessions = [resumedElsewhere, trulyOrphaned];
+
+  const next = pruneInactiveScopedSessions(
+    sessions,
+    new Set(["terminal-open-B"]),
+    new Set(["terminal-restorable"]),
+  );
+
+  // Only the one not being displayed anywhere should show up as orphaned.
+  assert.deepEqual(next.orphanedSessionIds, ["terminal-stale"]);
+  // The resumed session must retain its externalSessionId.
+  const resumedNext = next.sessions.find((s) => s.id === "terminal-restorable");
+  assert.equal(resumedNext?.externalSessionId, "ext-resumed");
+});

application/state/aiScopeCleanup.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+import type {
+  AIDraft,
+  AIPanelView,
+  AISession,
+} from "../../infrastructure/ai/types";
+
+type DraftsByScope = Partial<Record<string, AIDraft>>;
+type PanelViewByScope = Partial<Record<string, AIPanelView>>;
+type ActiveSessionIdMap = Record<string, string | null>;
+
+function isInactiveScopedTarget(
+  scopeKey: string,
+  activeTargetIds: Set<string>,
+): boolean {
+  const separatorIndex = scopeKey.indexOf(":");
+  if (separatorIndex === -1) return false;
+
+  const scopeType = scopeKey.slice(0, separatorIndex);
+  if (scopeType !== "terminal" && scopeType !== "workspace") return false;
+
+  const targetId = scopeKey.slice(separatorIndex + 1);
+  if (!targetId) return false;
+
+  return !activeTargetIds.has(targetId);
+}
+
+export function pruneInactiveScopedState(
+  draftsByScope: DraftsByScope,
+  panelViewByScope: PanelViewByScope,
+  activeTargetIds: Set<string>,
+): {
+  draftsByScope: DraftsByScope;
+  panelViewByScope: PanelViewByScope;
+} {
+  const nextDraftsByScope = { ...draftsByScope };
+  const nextPanelViewByScope = { ...panelViewByScope };
+  let draftsChanged = false;
+  let panelViewsChanged = false;
+
+  for (const scopeKey of Object.keys(nextDraftsByScope)) {
+    if (!isInactiveScopedTarget(scopeKey, activeTargetIds)) continue;
+    delete nextDraftsByScope[scopeKey];
+    draftsChanged = true;
+  }
+
+  for (const scopeKey of Object.keys(nextPanelViewByScope)) {
+    if (!isInactiveScopedTarget(scopeKey, activeTargetIds)) continue;
+    delete nextPanelViewByScope[scopeKey];
+    panelViewsChanged = true;
+  }
+
+  return {
+    draftsByScope: draftsChanged ? nextDraftsByScope : draftsByScope,
+    panelViewByScope: panelViewsChanged ? nextPanelViewByScope : panelViewByScope,
+  };
+}
+
+export function pruneInactiveScopedTransientState(
+  activeSessionIdMap: ActiveSessionIdMap,
+  draftsByScope: DraftsByScope,
+  panelViewByScope: PanelViewByScope,
+  activeTargetIds: Set<string>,
+): {
+  activeSessionIdMap: ActiveSessionIdMap;
+  draftsByScope: DraftsByScope;
+  panelViewByScope: PanelViewByScope;
+} {
+  let activeSessionMapChanged = false;
+  const nextActiveSessionIdMap: ActiveSessionIdMap = {};
+
+  for (const [scopeKey, sessionId] of Object.entries(activeSessionIdMap)) {
+    if (isInactiveScopedTarget(scopeKey, activeTargetIds)) {
+      activeSessionMapChanged = true;
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    nextActiveSessionIdMap[scopeKey] = sessionId;
+  }
+
+  const nextScopedState = pruneInactiveScopedState(
+    draftsByScope,
+    panelViewByScope,
+    activeTargetIds,
+  );
+
+  return {
+    activeSessionIdMap: activeSessionMapChanged ? nextActiveSessionIdMap : activeSessionIdMap,
+    draftsByScope: nextScopedState.draftsByScope,
+    panelViewByScope: nextScopedState.panelViewByScope,
+  };
+}
+
+function isRestorableTerminalSession(session: AISession): boolean {
+  return session.scope.type === "terminal"
+    && !!session.scope.hostIds?.length
+    && session.scope.hostIds.some((id) => !id.startsWith("local-") && !id.startsWith("serial-"));
+}
+
+export function pruneInactiveScopedSessions(
+  sessions: AISession[],
+  activeTargetIds: Set<string>,
+  /**
+   * Session ids currently displayed by any live scope. A session whose
+   * `scope.targetId` is inactive but whose id is still in use somewhere
+   * (e.g. resumed from history into a different terminal) must not be
+   * treated as orphaned — deleting it outright would break the chat the
+   * user is actively continuing.
+   */
+  activeSessionIds: Set<string> = new Set(),
+): {
+  sessions: AISession[];
+  orphanedSessionIds: string[];
+} {
+  const orphanedSessionIds = sessions
+    .filter((session) => session.scope.targetId && !activeTargetIds.has(session.scope.targetId))
+    .filter((session) => !activeSessionIds.has(session.id))
+    .map((session) => session.id);
+
+  if (orphanedSessionIds.length === 0) {
+    return {
+      sessions,
+      orphanedSessionIds,
+    };
+  }
+
+  const orphanedSessionIdSet = new Set(orphanedSessionIds);
+  let sessionsChanged = false;
+
+  const nextSessions = sessions.flatMap((session) => {
+    if (!orphanedSessionIdSet.has(session.id)) {
+      return [session];
+    }
+
+    if (!isRestorableTerminalSession(session)) {
+      sessionsChanged = true;
+      return [];
+    }
+    return [session];
+  });
+
+  return {
+    sessions: sessionsChanged ? nextSessions : sessions,
+    orphanedSessionIds,
+  };
+}

application/state/customThemeStore.ts

@@ -75,7 +75,6 @@ class CustomThemeStore {
                 if (payload.key === STORAGE_KEY_CUSTOM_THEMES) {
                     // Another window changed custom themes — reload from localStorage
                     this.loadFromStorage();
-                    this.notify();
                 }
             });
         } catch {
@@ -129,6 +128,13 @@ class CustomThemeStore {
         this.notify();
         this.broadcastChange();
     };
+
+    replaceThemes = (themes: TerminalTheme[]) => {
+        this.themes = themes.map((theme) => ({ ...theme, colors: { ...theme.colors }, isCustom: true }));
+        this.saveToStorage();
+        this.notify();
+        this.broadcastChange();
+    };
 }
 
 // Singleton
@@ -172,5 +178,9 @@ export const useCustomThemeActions = () => {
         customThemeStore.deleteTheme(id);
     }, []);
 
-    return { addTheme, updateTheme, deleteTheme };
+    const replaceThemes = useCallback((themes: TerminalTheme[]) => {
+        customThemeStore.replaceThemes(themes);
+    }, []);
+
+    return { addTheme, updateTheme, deleteTheme, replaceThemes };
 };

application/state/resolveCloseIntent.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+import test from "node:test";
+import assert from "node:assert/strict";
+
+import { resolveCloseIntent } from "./resolveCloseIntent.ts";
+
+const baseWorkspace = {
+  id: "w1",
+  focusedSessionId: "s1",
+};
+
+const baseSession = { id: "s1" };
+
+test("non-workspace tab → closeSingleTab with session id", () => {
+  const result = resolveCloseIntent({
+    activeTabId: "s1",
+    workspace: null,
+    sessionForTab: baseSession,
+    activeSidePanelTab: null,
+    focusIsInsideTerminal: true,
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(result, { kind: "closeSingleTab", sessionId: "s1" });
+});
+
+test("non-workspace session tab + sidebar open → closeSidePanel (sidebar beats session close)", () => {
+  const r = resolveCloseIntent({
+    activeTabId: "s1",
+    workspace: null,
+    sessionForTab: { id: "s1" },
+    activeSidePanelTab: "ai",
+    focusIsInsideTerminal: true, // focus IS in terminal, but sidebar wins
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(r, { kind: "closeSidePanel" });
+});
+
+test("vault/sftp tab → noop", () => {
+  const r = resolveCloseIntent({
+    activeTabId: "vault",
+    workspace: null,
+    sessionForTab: null,
+    activeSidePanelTab: null,
+    focusIsInsideTerminal: false,
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(r, { kind: "noop" });
+});
+
+test("workspace + focus in terminal + sidebar open → closeSidePanel wins (sidebar beats focus)", () => {
+  const r = resolveCloseIntent({
+    activeTabId: "w1",
+    workspace: baseWorkspace,
+    sessionForTab: null,
+    activeSidePanelTab: "ai",
+    focusIsInsideTerminal: true,
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(r, { kind: "closeSidePanel" });
+});
+
+test("workspace + focus NOT in terminal + sidebar open → closeSidePanel", () => {
+  const r = resolveCloseIntent({
+    activeTabId: "w1",
+    workspace: baseWorkspace,
+    sessionForTab: null,
+    activeSidePanelTab: "sftp",
+    focusIsInsideTerminal: false,
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(r, { kind: "closeSidePanel" });
+});
+
+test("workspace + sidebar closed + focus in terminal → closeTerminal", () => {
+  const r = resolveCloseIntent({
+    activeTabId: "w1",
+    workspace: baseWorkspace,
+    sessionForTab: null,
+    activeSidePanelTab: null,
+    focusIsInsideTerminal: true,
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(r, { kind: "closeTerminal", sessionId: "s1" });
+});
+
+test("workspace + sidebar closed + focus NOT in terminal → closeWorkspace", () => {
+  const r = resolveCloseIntent({
+    activeTabId: "w1",
+    workspace: baseWorkspace,
+    sessionForTab: null,
+    activeSidePanelTab: null,
+    focusIsInsideTerminal: false,
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(r, { kind: "closeWorkspace", workspaceId: "w1" });
+});
+
+test("workspace with no focused session + sidebar closed → closeWorkspace", () => {
+  const r = resolveCloseIntent({
+    activeTabId: "w1",
+    workspace: { id: "w1", focusedSessionId: undefined },
+    sessionForTab: null,
+    activeSidePanelTab: null,
+    focusIsInsideTerminal: true, // even if flag true, no focused id → cannot closeTerminal
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(r, { kind: "closeWorkspace", workspaceId: "w1" });
+});
+
+test("workspace with no focused session + sidebar open → closeSidePanel", () => {
+  const r = resolveCloseIntent({
+    activeTabId: "w1",
+    workspace: { id: "w1", focusedSessionId: undefined },
+    sessionForTab: null,
+    activeSidePanelTab: "ai",
+    focusIsInsideTerminal: false,
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(r, { kind: "closeSidePanel" });
+});

application/state/resolveCloseIntent.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+export type CloseIntent =
+  | { kind: 'closeTerminal'; sessionId: string }
+  | { kind: 'closeSidePanel' }
+  | { kind: 'closeWorkspace'; workspaceId: string }
+  | { kind: 'closeSingleTab'; sessionId: string }
+  | { kind: 'noop' };
+
+export interface ResolveCloseInput {
+  activeTabId: string | null;
+  workspace: { id: string; focusedSessionId?: string } | null;
+  sessionForTab: { id: string } | null;
+  activeSidePanelTab: string | null;
+  focusIsInsideTerminal: boolean;
+}
+
+export function resolveCloseIntent(input: ResolveCloseInput): CloseIntent {
+  const { activeTabId, workspace, sessionForTab, activeSidePanelTab, focusIsInsideTerminal } = input;
+
+  if (!activeTabId) return { kind: 'noop' };
+
+  // Sidebar always wins — applies to any tab type (workspace, single-session, etc.).
+  // Modals take priority over this but are intercepted upstream in App.tsx before the
+  // hotkey reaches resolveCloseIntent.
+  if (activeSidePanelTab !== null) {
+    return { kind: 'closeSidePanel' };
+  }
+
+  if (sessionForTab && !workspace) {
+    return { kind: 'closeSingleTab', sessionId: sessionForTab.id };
+  }
+
+  if (!workspace) {
+    // e.g. 'vault', 'sftp', or any non-closable pinned tab
+    return { kind: 'noop' };
+  }
+
+  const focusedSessionId = workspace.focusedSessionId;
+  if (focusedSessionId && focusIsInsideTerminal) {
+    return { kind: 'closeTerminal', sessionId: focusedSessionId };
+  }
+
+  return { kind: 'closeWorkspace', workspaceId: workspace.id };
+}

application/state/sftp/useSftpConnections.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { useCallback, useEffect, useRef } from "react";
+import React, { useCallback, useEffect, useRef } from "react";
 import type { MutableRefObject } from "react";
 import { netcattyBridge } from "../../../infrastructure/services/netcattyBridge";
 import type { Host, Identity, SftpConnection, SftpFileEntry, SftpFilenameEncoding, SSHKey } from "../../../domain/models";

application/state/sftp/useSftpPaneActions.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { useCallback, useRef } from "react";
+import React, { useCallback, useRef } from "react";
 import type { Host, SftpFileEntry, SftpFilenameEncoding } from "../../../domain/models";
 import { netcattyBridge } from "../../../infrastructure/services/netcattyBridge";
 import { logger } from "../../../lib/logger";

application/state/useAIState.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import {
   STORAGE_KEY_AI_ACTIVE_PROVIDER,
   STORAGE_KEY_AI_ACTIVE_MODEL,
   STORAGE_KEY_AI_PERMISSION_MODE,
+  STORAGE_KEY_AI_TOOL_INTEGRATION_MODE,
   STORAGE_KEY_AI_HOST_PERMISSIONS,
   STORAGE_KEY_AI_EXTERNAL_AGENTS,
   STORAGE_KEY_AI_DEFAULT_AGENT,
@@ -17,8 +18,11 @@ import {
   STORAGE_KEY_AI_WEB_SEARCH,
 } from '../../infrastructure/config/storageKeys';
 import type {
+  AIDraft,
+  AIPanelView,
   AISession,
   AIPermissionMode,
+  AIToolIntegrationMode,
   ProviderConfig,
   HostAIPermission,
   ExternalAgentConfig,
@@ -27,13 +31,42 @@ import type {
   WebSearchConfig,
 } from '../../infrastructure/ai/types';
 import { DEFAULT_COMMAND_BLOCKLIST } from '../../infrastructure/ai/types';
+import {
+  activateDraftView,
+  bumpDraftMutationVersionState,
+  bumpDraftUploadGenerationState,
+  clearScopeDraftState,
+  ensureDraftForScopeState,
+  getDraftUploadGenerationState,
+  setSessionView,
+  updateDraftForScope,
+} from './aiDraftState';
+import {
+  pruneInactiveScopedSessions,
+  pruneInactiveScopedTransientState,
+} from './aiScopeCleanup';
+import { convertFilesToUploads } from './useFileUpload';
 
 /** Typed accessor for the Electron IPC bridge exposed on `window.netcatty`. */
+interface AIBridge {
+  aiAcpCleanup?: (chatSessionId: string) => Promise<{ ok: boolean }>;
+  aiMcpSetPermissionMode?: (mode: AIPermissionMode) => Promise<unknown> | unknown;
+  aiMcpSetToolIntegrationMode?: (mode: AIToolIntegrationMode) => Promise<unknown> | unknown;
+  aiMcpSetCommandBlocklist?: (blocklist: string[]) => Promise<unknown> | unknown;
+  aiMcpSetCommandTimeout?: (timeout: number) => Promise<unknown> | unknown;
+  aiMcpSetMaxIterations?: (maxIterations: number) => Promise<unknown> | unknown;
+}
+
 function getAIBridge() {
-  return (window as unknown as { netcatty?: Record<string, (...args: unknown[]) => unknown> }).netcatty;
+  return (window as unknown as { netcatty?: AIBridge }).netcatty;
 }
 
 const AI_STATE_CHANGED_EVENT = 'netcatty:ai-state-changed';
+const AI_STATE_CHANGED_DRAFTS_BY_SCOPE = 'netcatty:ai-drafts-by-scope';
+const AI_STATE_CHANGED_PANEL_VIEW_BY_SCOPE = 'netcatty:ai-panel-view-by-scope';
+
+type DraftsByScope = Partial<Record<string, AIDraft>>;
+type PanelViewByScope = Partial<Record<string, AIPanelView>>;
 
 function emitAIStateChanged(key: string) {
   window.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent<{ key: string }>(AI_STATE_CHANGED_EVENT, { detail: { key } }));
@@ -61,53 +94,41 @@ export function cleanupOrphanedAISessions(activeTargetIds: Set<string>) {
   const currentSessions = latestAISessionsSnapshot
     ?? localStorageAdapter.read<AISession[]>(STORAGE_KEY_AI_SESSIONS)
     ?? [];
-  const orphanedSessionIds = currentSessions
-    .filter((session) => session.scope.targetId && !activeTargetIds.has(session.scope.targetId))
-    .map((session) => session.id);
 
-  if (orphanedSessionIds.length > 0) {
-    const orphanedSessionIdSet = new Set(orphanedSessionIds);
-
-    // Determine which sessions can be restored via host-based matching
-    const preservedIds = new Set<string>();
-    for (const session of currentSessions) {
-      if (!orphanedSessionIdSet.has(session.id)) continue;
-      // Only preserve remote terminal sessions with real hostIds
-      const isRestorable = session.scope.type === 'terminal'
-        && session.scope.hostIds?.length
-        && session.scope.hostIds.some((id) => !id.startsWith('local-') && !id.startsWith('serial-'));
-      if (isRestorable) {
-        preservedIds.add(session.id);
-      }
-    }
-
-    // Cleanup ACP sessions for all orphans (both deleted and preserved).
-    // Preserved sessions will get a new externalSessionId on next use,
-    // so cleaning the old one is safe and prevents subprocess leaks.
-    cleanupAcpSessions(orphanedSessionIds);
-
-    const nextSessions = currentSessions
-      .filter((session) => !orphanedSessionIdSet.has(session.id) || preservedIds.has(session.id))
-      .map((session) => {
-        if (!preservedIds.has(session.id) || !session.externalSessionId) {
-          return session;
-        }
-        // Drop transient ACP session handles so the next turn starts cleanly.
-        return { ...session, externalSessionId: undefined };
-      });
-
-    const sessionsChanged = nextSessions.length !== currentSessions.length
-      || nextSessions.some((session, index) => session !== currentSessions[index]);
-    if (sessionsChanged) {
-      setLatestAISessionsSnapshot(nextSessions);
-      localStorageAdapter.write(STORAGE_KEY_AI_SESSIONS, pruneSessionsForStorage(nextSessions));
-      emitAIStateChanged(STORAGE_KEY_AI_SESSIONS);
-    }
-  }
-
-  const activeSessionIdMap = latestAIActiveSessionMapSnapshot
+  // Sessions shown by a still-live scope must be protected from cleanup
+  // even when their own `scope.targetId` points at a closed terminal —
+  // history can be resumed into a different terminal and we must not
+  // delete it outright while it's actively being used.
+  const preCleanupActiveSessionMap = latestAIActiveSessionMapSnapshot
     ?? localStorageAdapter.read<Record<string, string | null>>(STORAGE_KEY_AI_ACTIVE_SESSION_MAP)
     ?? {};
+  const activeSessionIds = new Set<string>();
+  for (const [scopeKey, sessionId] of Object.entries(preCleanupActiveSessionMap)) {
+    if (!sessionId) continue;
+    if (!isScopeKeyActive(scopeKey, activeTargetIds)) continue;
+    activeSessionIds.add(sessionId);
+  }
+
+  const nextSessionCleanup = pruneInactiveScopedSessions(
+    currentSessions,
+    activeTargetIds,
+    activeSessionIds,
+  );
+
+  if (nextSessionCleanup.orphanedSessionIds.length > 0) {
+    cleanupAcpSessions(nextSessionCleanup.orphanedSessionIds);
+  }
+
+  if (nextSessionCleanup.sessions !== currentSessions) {
+    setLatestAISessionsSnapshot(nextSessionCleanup.sessions);
+    localStorageAdapter.write(
+      STORAGE_KEY_AI_SESSIONS,
+      pruneSessionsForStorage(nextSessionCleanup.sessions),
+    );
+    emitAIStateChanged(STORAGE_KEY_AI_SESSIONS);
+  }
+
+  const activeSessionIdMap = preCleanupActiveSessionMap;
   let activeSessionMapChanged = false;
   const nextActiveSessionIdMap = { ...activeSessionIdMap };
 
@@ -122,6 +143,46 @@ export function cleanupOrphanedAISessions(activeTargetIds: Set<string>) {
     localStorageAdapter.write(STORAGE_KEY_AI_ACTIVE_SESSION_MAP, nextActiveSessionIdMap);
     emitAIStateChanged(STORAGE_KEY_AI_ACTIVE_SESSION_MAP);
   }
+
+  const currentActiveSessionIdMap = activeSessionMapChanged
+    ? nextActiveSessionIdMap
+    : activeSessionIdMap;
+  const currentDraftsByScope = latestAIDraftsByScopeSnapshot ?? {};
+  const currentPanelViewByScope = latestAIPanelViewByScopeSnapshot ?? {};
+  const prunedScopedTransientState = pruneInactiveScopedTransientState(
+    currentActiveSessionIdMap,
+    currentDraftsByScope,
+    currentPanelViewByScope,
+    activeTargetIds,
+  );
+
+  if (prunedScopedTransientState.activeSessionIdMap !== currentActiveSessionIdMap) {
+    setLatestAIActiveSessionMapSnapshot(prunedScopedTransientState.activeSessionIdMap);
+    localStorageAdapter.write(
+      STORAGE_KEY_AI_ACTIVE_SESSION_MAP,
+      prunedScopedTransientState.activeSessionIdMap,
+    );
+    emitAIStateChanged(STORAGE_KEY_AI_ACTIVE_SESSION_MAP);
+  }
+
+  if (prunedScopedTransientState.draftsByScope !== currentDraftsByScope) {
+    for (const scopeKey of Object.keys(currentDraftsByScope)) {
+      if (scopeKey in prunedScopedTransientState.draftsByScope) continue;
+      bumpDraftMutationVersion(scopeKey);
+      bumpDraftUploadGeneration(scopeKey);
+    }
+    setLatestAIDraftsByScopeSnapshot(prunedScopedTransientState.draftsByScope);
+    emitAIStateChanged(AI_STATE_CHANGED_DRAFTS_BY_SCOPE);
+  }
+
+  if (prunedScopedTransientState.panelViewByScope !== currentPanelViewByScope) {
+    for (const scopeKey of Object.keys(currentPanelViewByScope)) {
+      if (scopeKey in prunedScopedTransientState.panelViewByScope) continue;
+      bumpDraftMutationVersion(scopeKey);
+    }
+    setLatestAIPanelViewByScopeSnapshot(prunedScopedTransientState.panelViewByScope);
+    emitAIStateChanged(AI_STATE_CHANGED_PANEL_VIEW_BY_SCOPE);
+  }
 }
 
 
@@ -152,6 +213,10 @@ function pruneSessionsForStorage(sessions: AISession[]): AISession[] {
 
 let latestAISessionsSnapshot: AISession[] | null = null;
 let latestAIActiveSessionMapSnapshot: Record<string, string | null> | null = null;
+let latestAIDraftsByScopeSnapshot: DraftsByScope | null = null;
+let latestAIPanelViewByScopeSnapshot: PanelViewByScope | null = null;
+let latestAIDraftMutationVersionByScopeSnapshot: Record<string, number> = {};
+let latestAIDraftUploadGenerationByScopeSnapshot: Record<string, number> = {};
 
 function setLatestAISessionsSnapshot(sessions: AISession[]) {
   latestAISessionsSnapshot = sessions;
@@ -161,17 +226,33 @@ function setLatestAIActiveSessionMapSnapshot(activeSessionIdMap: Record<string,
   latestAIActiveSessionMapSnapshot = activeSessionIdMap;
 }
 
-function buildScopeKey(scope: AISessionScope) {
-  return `${scope.type}:${scope.targetId ?? ''}`;
+function setLatestAIDraftsByScopeSnapshot(draftsByScope: DraftsByScope) {
+  latestAIDraftsByScopeSnapshot = draftsByScope;
 }
 
-function areHostIdsEqual(left?: string[], right?: string[]) {
-  const leftIds = left ?? [];
-  const rightIds = right ?? [];
-  if (leftIds.length !== rightIds.length) return false;
+function setLatestAIPanelViewByScopeSnapshot(panelViewByScope: PanelViewByScope) {
+  latestAIPanelViewByScopeSnapshot = panelViewByScope;
+}
 
-  const rightSet = new Set(rightIds);
-  return leftIds.every((hostId) => rightSet.has(hostId));
+function bumpDraftMutationVersion(scopeKey: string) {
+  latestAIDraftMutationVersionByScopeSnapshot = bumpDraftMutationVersionState(
+    latestAIDraftMutationVersionByScopeSnapshot,
+    scopeKey,
+  );
+}
+
+function getDraftUploadGeneration(scopeKey: string) {
+  return getDraftUploadGenerationState(
+    latestAIDraftUploadGenerationByScopeSnapshot,
+    scopeKey,
+  );
+}
+
+function bumpDraftUploadGeneration(scopeKey: string) {
+  latestAIDraftUploadGenerationByScopeSnapshot = bumpDraftUploadGenerationState(
+    latestAIDraftUploadGenerationByScopeSnapshot,
+    scopeKey,
+  );
 }
 
 export function useAIState() {
@@ -192,6 +273,10 @@ export function useAIState() {
     if (stored === 'observer' || stored === 'confirm' || stored === 'autonomous') return stored;
     return 'confirm';
   });
+  const [toolIntegrationMode, setToolIntegrationModeRaw] = useState<AIToolIntegrationMode>(() => {
+    const stored = localStorageAdapter.readString(STORAGE_KEY_AI_TOOL_INTEGRATION_MODE);
+    return stored === 'skills' ? 'skills' : 'mcp';
+  });
   const [hostPermissions, setHostPermissionsRaw] = useState<HostAIPermission[]>(() =>
     localStorageAdapter.read<HostAIPermission[]>(STORAGE_KEY_AI_HOST_PERMISSIONS) ?? []
   );
@@ -228,6 +313,14 @@ export function useAIState() {
   const [activeSessionIdMap, setActiveSessionIdMapRaw] = useState<Record<string, string | null>>(() =>
     localStorageAdapter.read<Record<string, string | null>>(STORAGE_KEY_AI_ACTIVE_SESSION_MAP) ?? {}
   );
+  // Per-scope draft/view state is intentionally memory-only so a relaunch
+  // does not restore stale composer input or panel intent against new history.
+  const [draftsByScope, setDraftsByScopeRaw] = useState<DraftsByScope>(() =>
+    latestAIDraftsByScopeSnapshot ?? {}
+  );
+  const [panelViewByScope, setPanelViewByScopeRaw] = useState<PanelViewByScope>(() =>
+    latestAIPanelViewByScopeSnapshot ?? {}
+  );
 
   // Per-agent model selection: remembers last selected model per agent
   const [agentModelMap, setAgentModelMapRaw] = useState<Record<string, string>>(() =>
@@ -247,12 +340,20 @@ export function useAIState() {
     setLatestAIActiveSessionMapSnapshot(activeSessionIdMap);
   }, [activeSessionIdMap]);
 
+  useEffect(() => {
+    setLatestAIDraftsByScopeSnapshot(draftsByScope);
+  }, [draftsByScope]);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    setLatestAIPanelViewByScopeSnapshot(panelViewByScope);
+  }, [panelViewByScope]);
+
   useEffect(() => {
     const validSessionIds = new Set(sessions.map((session) => session.id));
     let changed = false;
     const nextActiveSessionIdMap: Record<string, string | null> = {};
 
-    for (const [scopeKey, sessionId] of Object.entries(activeSessionIdMap)) {
+    for (const [scopeKey, sessionId] of Object.entries(activeSessionIdMap) as Array<[string, string | null]>) {
       const nextSessionId = sessionId && validSessionIds.has(sessionId) ? sessionId : null;
       nextActiveSessionIdMap[scopeKey] = nextSessionId;
       if (nextSessionId !== sessionId) {
@@ -269,13 +370,39 @@ export function useAIState() {
   }, [sessions, activeSessionIdMap]);
 
   const setActiveSessionId = useCallback((scopeKey: string, id: string | null) => {
+    let nextActiveSessionIdMap: Record<string, string | null> | null = null;
+
     setActiveSessionIdMapRaw(prev => {
+      if (prev[scopeKey] === id) {
+        return prev;
+      }
+
       const next = { ...prev, [scopeKey]: id };
-      setLatestAIActiveSessionMapSnapshot(next);
-      localStorageAdapter.write(STORAGE_KEY_AI_ACTIVE_SESSION_MAP, next);
-      emitAIStateChanged(STORAGE_KEY_AI_ACTIVE_SESSION_MAP);
+      nextActiveSessionIdMap = next;
       return next;
     });
+
+    if (!nextActiveSessionIdMap) return;
+
+    setLatestAIActiveSessionMapSnapshot(nextActiveSessionIdMap);
+    localStorageAdapter.write(STORAGE_KEY_AI_ACTIVE_SESSION_MAP, nextActiveSessionIdMap);
+    emitAIStateChanged(STORAGE_KEY_AI_ACTIVE_SESSION_MAP);
+  }, []);
+
+  const setPanelViewByScope = useCallback((value: PanelViewByScope | ((prev: PanelViewByScope) => PanelViewByScope)) => {
+    let nextPanelViewByScope: PanelViewByScope | null = null;
+
+    setPanelViewByScopeRaw((prev) => {
+      const next = typeof value === 'function' ? value(prev) : value;
+      if (next === prev) return prev;
+      nextPanelViewByScope = next;
+      return next;
+    });
+
+    if (!nextPanelViewByScope) return;
+
+    setLatestAIPanelViewByScopeSnapshot(nextPanelViewByScope);
+    emitAIStateChanged(AI_STATE_CHANGED_PANEL_VIEW_BY_SCOPE);
   }, []);
 
   const setAgentModel = useCallback((agentId: string, modelId: string) => {
@@ -330,6 +457,13 @@ export function useAIState() {
     });
   }, []);
 
+  const setToolIntegrationMode = useCallback((mode: AIToolIntegrationMode) => {
+    setToolIntegrationModeRaw(mode);
+    localStorageAdapter.writeString(STORAGE_KEY_AI_TOOL_INTEGRATION_MODE, mode);
+    const bridge = getAIBridge();
+    bridge?.aiMcpSetToolIntegrationMode?.(mode);
+  }, []);
+
   const setExternalAgents = useCallback((value: ExternalAgentConfig[] | ((prev: ExternalAgentConfig[]) => ExternalAgentConfig[])) => {
     setExternalAgentsRaw(prev => {
       const next = typeof value === 'function' ? value(prev) : value;
@@ -396,6 +530,15 @@ export function useAIState() {
             }
             break;
           }
+          case STORAGE_KEY_AI_TOOL_INTEGRATION_MODE:
+            {
+              const mode = localStorageAdapter.readString(STORAGE_KEY_AI_TOOL_INTEGRATION_MODE) === 'skills'
+                ? 'skills'
+                : 'mcp';
+              setToolIntegrationModeRaw(mode);
+              getAIBridge()?.aiMcpSetToolIntegrationMode?.(mode);
+            }
+            break;
           case STORAGE_KEY_AI_EXTERNAL_AGENTS: {
             const agents = localStorageAdapter.read<ExternalAgentConfig[]>(STORAGE_KEY_AI_EXTERNAL_AGENTS);
             if (agents != null && !Array.isArray(agents)) {
@@ -491,6 +634,12 @@ export function useAIState() {
               ?? {},
           );
           return;
+        case AI_STATE_CHANGED_DRAFTS_BY_SCOPE:
+          setDraftsByScopeRaw(latestAIDraftsByScopeSnapshot ?? {});
+          return;
+        case AI_STATE_CHANGED_PANEL_VIEW_BY_SCOPE:
+          setPanelViewByScopeRaw(latestAIPanelViewByScopeSnapshot ?? {});
+          return;
         default:
           handleStorage({ key } as StorageEvent);
       }
@@ -511,8 +660,17 @@ export function useAIState() {
     bridge?.aiMcpSetCommandTimeout?.(initialTimeout);
     const initialMaxIter = localStorageAdapter.readNumber(STORAGE_KEY_AI_MAX_ITERATIONS) ?? 20;
     bridge?.aiMcpSetMaxIterations?.(initialMaxIter);
-    const initialPermMode = localStorageAdapter.readString(STORAGE_KEY_AI_PERMISSION_MODE) ?? 'confirm';
+    const storedPermMode = localStorageAdapter.readString(STORAGE_KEY_AI_PERMISSION_MODE);
+    const initialPermMode: AIPermissionMode =
+      storedPermMode === 'observer' || storedPermMode === 'confirm' || storedPermMode === 'autonomous'
+        ? storedPermMode
+        : 'confirm';
     bridge?.aiMcpSetPermissionMode?.(initialPermMode);
+    const initialToolMode: AIToolIntegrationMode =
+      localStorageAdapter.readString(STORAGE_KEY_AI_TOOL_INTEGRATION_MODE) === 'skills'
+        ? 'skills'
+        : 'mcp';
+    bridge?.aiMcpSetToolIntegrationMode?.(initialToolMode);
   }, []);
 
   // ── Session CRUD ──
@@ -646,61 +804,6 @@ export function useAIState() {
     });
   }, [debouncedPersistSessions]);
 
-  const retargetSessionScope = useCallback((sessionId: string, scope: AISessionScope) => {
-    const currentSession = sessionsRef.current.find((session) => session.id === sessionId);
-    if (!currentSession) return;
-
-    const currentScope = currentSession.scope;
-    const scopeChanged =
-      currentScope.type !== scope.type
-      || currentScope.targetId !== scope.targetId
-      || !areHostIdsEqual(currentScope.hostIds, scope.hostIds);
-
-    const nextScopeKey = buildScopeKey(scope);
-    const currentScopeKey = buildScopeKey(currentScope);
-
-    if (scopeChanged) {
-      setSessionsRaw((prev) => {
-        let changed = false;
-        const next = prev.map((session) => {
-          if (session.id !== sessionId) return session;
-          changed = true;
-          // Clear stale ACP handle — retarget may run before orphan cleanup
-          return { ...session, scope, externalSessionId: undefined };
-        });
-
-        if (!changed) return prev;
-
-        sessionsRef.current = next;
-        setLatestAISessionsSnapshot(next);
-        persistSessions(next);
-        return next;
-      });
-    }
-
-    setActiveSessionIdMapRaw((prev) => {
-      let changed = false;
-      const next = { ...prev };
-
-      if (currentScopeKey !== nextScopeKey && next[currentScopeKey] === sessionId) {
-        delete next[currentScopeKey];
-        changed = true;
-      }
-
-      if (next[nextScopeKey] !== sessionId) {
-        next[nextScopeKey] = sessionId;
-        changed = true;
-      }
-
-      if (!changed) return prev;
-
-      setLatestAIActiveSessionMapSnapshot(next);
-      localStorageAdapter.write(STORAGE_KEY_AI_ACTIVE_SESSION_MAP, next);
-      emitAIStateChanged(STORAGE_KEY_AI_ACTIVE_SESSION_MAP);
-      return next;
-    });
-  }, [persistSessions]);
-
   // Maximum messages per session to prevent unbounded memory growth
   const MAX_MESSAGES_PER_SESSION = 500;
 
@@ -768,14 +871,193 @@ export function useAIState() {
     });
   }, [persistSessions]);
 
+  const ensureDraftForScope = useCallback((scopeKey: string, agentId: string): void => {
+    let nextDraftsByScope: DraftsByScope | null = null;
+
+    setDraftsByScopeRaw((prev) => {
+      const next = ensureDraftForScopeState(prev, scopeKey, agentId);
+      if (next === prev) return prev;
+      nextDraftsByScope = next;
+      return next;
+    });
+
+    if (!nextDraftsByScope) return;
+
+    bumpDraftMutationVersion(scopeKey);
+    setLatestAIDraftsByScopeSnapshot(nextDraftsByScope);
+    emitAIStateChanged(AI_STATE_CHANGED_DRAFTS_BY_SCOPE);
+  }, []);
+
+  const updateDraft = useCallback((
+    scopeKey: string,
+    fallbackAgentId: string,
+    updater: (draft: AIDraft) => AIDraft,
+  ): void => {
+    setDraftsByScopeRaw((prev) => {
+      const next = updateDraftForScope(
+        prev,
+        scopeKey,
+        fallbackAgentId,
+        (draft) => {
+          return {
+            ...updater(draft),
+            updatedAt: Date.now(),
+          };
+        },
+      );
+      setLatestAIDraftsByScopeSnapshot(next);
+      emitAIStateChanged(AI_STATE_CHANGED_DRAFTS_BY_SCOPE);
+      return next;
+    });
+    bumpDraftMutationVersion(scopeKey);
+  }, []);
+
+  const updateDraftIfPresent = useCallback((
+    scopeKey: string,
+    updater: (draft: AIDraft) => AIDraft,
+  ): void => {
+    let updated = false;
+
+    setDraftsByScopeRaw((prev) => {
+      const currentDraft = prev[scopeKey];
+      if (!currentDraft) return prev;
+
+      const nextDraft = {
+        ...updater(currentDraft),
+        updatedAt: Date.now(),
+      };
+      const next = {
+        ...prev,
+        [scopeKey]: nextDraft,
+      };
+      updated = true;
+      setLatestAIDraftsByScopeSnapshot(next);
+      emitAIStateChanged(AI_STATE_CHANGED_DRAFTS_BY_SCOPE);
+      return next;
+    });
+
+    if (updated) {
+      bumpDraftMutationVersion(scopeKey);
+    }
+  }, []);
+
+  const showDraftView = useCallback((scopeKey: string) => {
+    const currentPanelViewByScope = panelViewByScope;
+    let nextActiveSessionIdMap: Record<string, string | null> | null = null;
+    let nextPanelViewByScope: PanelViewByScope | null = null;
+    let activeSessionMapChanged = false;
+    let panelViewChanged = false;
+
+    setActiveSessionIdMapRaw((prevActiveSessionIdMap) => {
+      const next = activateDraftView(
+        prevActiveSessionIdMap,
+        currentPanelViewByScope,
+        scopeKey,
+      );
+      activeSessionMapChanged = next.activeSessionIdMap !== prevActiveSessionIdMap;
+      panelViewChanged = next.panelViewByScope !== currentPanelViewByScope;
+      nextActiveSessionIdMap = next.activeSessionIdMap;
+      nextPanelViewByScope = next.panelViewByScope;
+      return activeSessionMapChanged ? next.activeSessionIdMap : prevActiveSessionIdMap;
+    });
+
+    if (activeSessionMapChanged && nextActiveSessionIdMap) {
+      setLatestAIActiveSessionMapSnapshot(nextActiveSessionIdMap);
+      localStorageAdapter.write(STORAGE_KEY_AI_ACTIVE_SESSION_MAP, nextActiveSessionIdMap);
+      emitAIStateChanged(STORAGE_KEY_AI_ACTIVE_SESSION_MAP);
+    }
+
+    if (panelViewChanged && nextPanelViewByScope) {
+      setLatestAIPanelViewByScopeSnapshot(nextPanelViewByScope);
+      setPanelViewByScopeRaw(nextPanelViewByScope);
+      emitAIStateChanged(AI_STATE_CHANGED_PANEL_VIEW_BY_SCOPE);
+    }
+  }, [panelViewByScope]);
+
+  const showSessionView = useCallback((scopeKey: string, sessionId: string) => {
+    setPanelViewByScope((prev) => setSessionView(prev, scopeKey, sessionId));
+  }, [setPanelViewByScope]);
+
+  const clearDraftForScope = useCallback((scopeKey: string) => {
+    const currentPanelViewByScope = panelViewByScope;
+    let nextDraftsByScope: DraftsByScope | null = null;
+    let nextPanelViewByScope: PanelViewByScope | null = null;
+    let draftsChanged = false;
+    let panelViewChanged = false;
+
+    setDraftsByScopeRaw((prevDraftsByScope) => {
+      const next = clearScopeDraftState(
+        prevDraftsByScope,
+        currentPanelViewByScope,
+        scopeKey,
+      );
+      draftsChanged = next.draftsByScope !== prevDraftsByScope;
+      panelViewChanged = next.panelViewByScope !== currentPanelViewByScope;
+      nextDraftsByScope = next.draftsByScope;
+      nextPanelViewByScope = next.panelViewByScope;
+      return draftsChanged ? next.draftsByScope : prevDraftsByScope;
+    });
+
+    if (!draftsChanged && !panelViewChanged) return;
+
+    bumpDraftMutationVersion(scopeKey);
+    bumpDraftUploadGeneration(scopeKey);
+
+    if (draftsChanged && nextDraftsByScope) {
+      setLatestAIDraftsByScopeSnapshot(nextDraftsByScope);
+      emitAIStateChanged(AI_STATE_CHANGED_DRAFTS_BY_SCOPE);
+    }
+
+    if (panelViewChanged && nextPanelViewByScope) {
+      setLatestAIPanelViewByScopeSnapshot(nextPanelViewByScope);
+      setPanelViewByScopeRaw(nextPanelViewByScope);
+      emitAIStateChanged(AI_STATE_CHANGED_PANEL_VIEW_BY_SCOPE);
+    }
+  }, [panelViewByScope]);
+
+  const addDraftFiles = useCallback(async (
+    scopeKey: string,
+    fallbackAgentId: string,
+    inputFiles: File[],
+  ) => {
+    ensureDraftForScope(scopeKey, fallbackAgentId);
+    const initialUploadGeneration = getDraftUploadGeneration(scopeKey);
+    const uploads = await convertFilesToUploads(inputFiles);
+    if (uploads.length === 0) return;
+
+    if (getDraftUploadGeneration(scopeKey) !== initialUploadGeneration) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    updateDraftIfPresent(scopeKey, (draft) => ({
+      ...draft,
+      attachments: [...draft.attachments, ...uploads],
+    }));
+  }, [ensureDraftForScope, updateDraftIfPresent]);
+
+  const removeDraftFile = useCallback((scopeKey: string, fallbackAgentId: string, fileId: string) => {
+    updateDraft(scopeKey, fallbackAgentId, (draft) => ({
+      ...draft,
+      attachments: draft.attachments.filter((file) => file.id !== fileId),
+    }));
+  }, [updateDraft]);
+
   const cleanupOrphanedSessions = useCallback((activeTargetIds: Set<string>) => {
     cleanupOrphanedAISessions(activeTargetIds);
-    setSessionsRaw(latestAISessionsSnapshot ?? localStorageAdapter.read<AISession[]>(STORAGE_KEY_AI_SESSIONS) ?? []);
+
+    const nextSessions =
+      latestAISessionsSnapshot
+      ?? localStorageAdapter.read<AISession[]>(STORAGE_KEY_AI_SESSIONS)
+      ?? [];
+    sessionsRef.current = nextSessions;
+    setSessionsRaw(nextSessions);
     setActiveSessionIdMapRaw(
       latestAIActiveSessionMapSnapshot
         ?? localStorageAdapter.read<Record<string, string | null>>(STORAGE_KEY_AI_ACTIVE_SESSION_MAP)
         ?? {},
     );
+    setDraftsByScopeRaw(latestAIDraftsByScopeSnapshot ?? {});
+    setPanelViewByScopeRaw(latestAIPanelViewByScopeSnapshot ?? {});
   }, []);
 
   // ── Provider CRUD helpers ──
@@ -819,6 +1101,8 @@ export function useAIState() {
     // Permission model
     globalPermissionMode,
     setGlobalPermissionMode,
+    toolIntegrationMode,
+    setToolIntegrationMode,
     hostPermissions,
     setHostPermissions,
 
@@ -847,13 +1131,21 @@ export function useAIState() {
     // Sessions (per-scope active session)
     sessions,
     activeSessionIdMap,
+    draftsByScope,
+    panelViewByScope,
     setActiveSessionId,
+    ensureDraftForScope,
+    updateDraft,
+    showDraftView,
+    showSessionView,
+    clearDraftForScope,
+    addDraftFiles,
+    removeDraftFile,
     createSession,
     deleteSession,
     deleteSessionsByTarget,
     updateSessionTitle,
     updateSessionExternalSessionId,
-    retargetSessionScope,
     addMessageToSession,
     updateLastMessage,
     updateMessageById,

application/state/useApplicationBackend.ts

@@ -15,15 +15,15 @@ export type SshAgentStatus = {
 
 export const useApplicationBackend = () => {
   const openExternal = useCallback(async (url: string) => {
-    try {
-      const bridge = netcattyBridge.get();
-      if (bridge?.openExternal) {
-        await bridge.openExternal(url);
-        return;
-      }
-    } catch {
-      // Ignore and fall back below
+    const bridge = netcattyBridge.get();
+    if (bridge?.openExternal) {
+      // Bridge resolves on success (either via system browser or in-app
+      // fallback window) and rejects only when both paths fail. Let the
+      // rejection propagate so callers can present a user-facing message.
+      await bridge.openExternal(url);
+      return;
     }
+    // Fallback for non-Electron environments (tests, dev server, etc.).
     window.open(url, "_blank", "noopener,noreferrer");
   }, []);
 

application/state/useAutoSync.ts

@@ -16,8 +16,12 @@ import {
   findSyncPayloadEncryptedCredentialPaths,
 } from '../../domain/credentials';
 import { isProviderReadyForSync, type CloudProvider, type SyncPayload } from '../../domain/sync';
-import { collectSyncableSettings } from '../syncPayload';
-import { STORAGE_KEY_PORT_FORWARDING } from '../../infrastructure/config/storageKeys';
+import { collectSyncableSettings, hasMeaningfulSyncData } from '../syncPayload';
+import { readInterruptedVaultApply } from '../localVaultBackups';
+import {
+  STORAGE_KEY_PORT_FORWARDING,
+  STORAGE_KEY_VAULT_RESTORE_IN_PROGRESS_UNTIL,
+} from '../../infrastructure/config/storageKeys';
 import { localStorageAdapter } from '../../infrastructure/persistence/localStorageAdapter';
 import { getEffectiveKnownHosts } from '../../infrastructure/syncHelpers';
 import { notify } from '../notification';
@@ -35,15 +39,49 @@ interface AutoSyncConfig {
   groupConfigs?: SyncPayload['groupConfigs'];
   /** Opaque token that changes whenever a synced setting changes. */
   settingsVersion?: number;
+  startupReady?: boolean;
 
   // Callbacks
-  onApplyPayload: (payload: SyncPayload) => void;
+  onApplyPayload: (payload: SyncPayload) => void | Promise<void>;
 }
 
 // Get manager singleton for direct state access
 const manager = getCloudSyncManager();
 const AUTO_SYNC_PROVIDER_ORDER: CloudProvider[] = ['github', 'google', 'onedrive', 'webdav', 's3'];
 
+// Cross-window restore barrier: stored as an epoch-ms deadline. Any value
+// in the future means a restore is applying in some window and auto-sync
+// must not push concurrently. The writer (`withRestoreBarrier`) heartbeats
+// the deadline to keep it alive; a crashed window naturally expires within
+// ~RESTORE_BARRIER_HOLD_MS. We still defend against two degenerate cases:
+// (1) a stale deadline sitting in the past — harmless but pollutes debug
+//     state, so we opportunistically clear it; (2) a deadline absurdly far
+//     in the future (clock skew between windows, pathological holdMs, or a
+//     tampered value) — would otherwise lock auto-sync indefinitely, so we
+//     clear it and treat the barrier as inactive.
+const RESTORE_BARRIER_SANITY_MAX_MS = 10 * 60 * 1000; // 10 minutes
+const isRestoreInProgress = (): boolean => {
+  const raw = localStorageAdapter.readNumber(STORAGE_KEY_VAULT_RESTORE_IN_PROGRESS_UNTIL);
+  if (typeof raw !== 'number' || raw <= 0) return false;
+  const now = Date.now();
+  if (raw <= now) {
+    // Deadline is in the past — either a clean finish that failed to
+    // overwrite the key, or a crashed heartbeat. Clear so subsequent
+    // reads are cheap and the key doesn't linger forever.
+    localStorageAdapter.writeNumber(STORAGE_KEY_VAULT_RESTORE_IN_PROGRESS_UNTIL, 0);
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (raw - now > RESTORE_BARRIER_SANITY_MAX_MS) {
+    console.warn(
+      '[useAutoSync] Restore barrier deadline is absurdly far in the future; treating as corrupt and clearing.',
+      { deadline: raw, now },
+    );
+    localStorageAdapter.writeNumber(STORAGE_KEY_VAULT_RESTORE_IN_PROGRESS_UNTIL, 0);
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+};
+
 type SyncTrigger = 'auto' | 'manual';
 
 interface SyncNowOptions {
@@ -57,10 +95,27 @@ export const useAutoSync = (config: AutoSyncConfig) => {
   const syncTimeoutRef = useRef<NodeJS.Timeout | null>(null);
   const lastSyncedDataRef = useRef<string>('');
   const hasCheckedRemoteRef = useRef(false);
+  /** True once checkRemoteVersion has completed (success or failure). Until
+   *  this is set, the debounced auto-sync effect will not fire, preventing
+   *  an empty local vault from racing ahead and overwriting a non-empty
+   *  cloud vault before the startup pull has run. See #679. */
+  const remoteCheckDoneRef = useRef(false);
   const isInitializedRef = useRef(false);
   const isSyncRunningRef = useRef(false);
   const skipNextSyncRef = useRef(false);
 
+  // State for the empty-vault-vs-cloud confirmation dialog (Fix D).
+  // When checkRemoteVersion detects that the local vault is empty but
+  // the cloud has data, it pauses and exposes this state so the root
+  // component can render a confirmation dialog.
+  const [emptyVaultConflict, setEmptyVaultConflict] = useState<{
+    remotePayload: SyncPayload;
+    hostCount: number;
+    keyCount: number;
+    snippetCount: number;
+  } | null>(null);
+  const emptyVaultResolveRef = useRef<((action: 'restore' | 'keep-empty') => void) | null>(null);
+
   // Listen for SFTP bookmark changes to trigger auto-sync
   const [bookmarksVersion, setBookmarksVersion] = useState(0);
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -147,6 +202,50 @@ export const useAutoSync = (config: AutoSyncConfig) => {
         throw new Error(t('sync.autoSync.alreadySyncing'));
       }
 
+      // Cross-window guard: another window may be in the middle of
+      // applying a local vault restore. If we push right now we'd upload
+      // the pre-restore snapshot (the main window's React state hasn't
+      // observed the localStorage writes yet), clobbering the just-
+      // restored cloud copy. Skip silently on auto triggers and fail
+      // loudly on manual ones so the user understands why their click
+      // did nothing.
+      //
+      // Pairs with `withRestoreBarrier` in application/localVaultBackups.ts
+      // (the writer) and with the matching early-return in the
+      // debounced-sync effect below (the other reader, which prevents
+      // scheduling a push while the barrier is held).
+      if (isRestoreInProgress()) {
+        if (trigger === 'auto') {
+          console.info('[AutoSync] Skipping: a vault restore is in progress in another window.');
+          return;
+        }
+        throw new Error(t('sync.autoSync.restoreInProgress'));
+      }
+
+      // Refuse to auto-push when a previous apply crashed mid-way and
+      // left the vault in a partial state. `applyProtectedSyncPayload`
+      // sets a sentinel before its non-atomic localStorage writes and
+      // clears it on successful completion; the sentinel's presence
+      // here means the renderer crashed between a first write and the
+      // clean-up, so the in-memory payload is a mix of pre-apply and
+      // post-apply entries. Pushing that would silently overwrite an
+      // intact cloud copy with corrupted data.
+      //
+      // Manual triggers surface a user-visible error that points the
+      // user at the Restore UI; auto triggers return quietly (the
+      // next startup toast below flags the state).
+      const interruptedApply = readInterruptedVaultApply();
+      if (interruptedApply) {
+        if (trigger === 'auto') {
+          console.warn(
+            '[AutoSync] Skipping: previous apply was interrupted — refusing to push partial state.',
+            interruptedApply,
+          );
+          return;
+        }
+        throw new Error(t('sync.autoSync.interruptedApplyMessage'));
+      }
+
       // If another window unlocked, reuse the in-memory session password from main process.
       if (state.securityState !== 'UNLOCKED') {
         const bridge = netcattyBridge.get();
@@ -173,13 +272,32 @@ export const useAutoSync = (config: AutoSyncConfig) => {
         throw new Error(t('sync.credentialsUnavailable'));
       }
 
+      // Refuse to push an empty vault to cloud. This is almost always
+      // a sign that the local state was lost (update, import failure,
+      // storage corruption) rather than a deliberate "delete everything".
+      // Both auto and manual triggers are blocked; the user can still
+      // use Force Push from the SyncBlocked banner if they genuinely
+      // want to wipe the cloud.
+      //
+      // This pairs with the inspect-failure "fail open" behavior in
+      // checkRemoteVersion below: if inspect transiently errors we still
+      // let auto-sync run, trusting this guard to refuse if local is
+      // truly empty rather than letting an empty state clobber remote.
+      if (!hasMeaningfulSyncData(payload)) {
+        if (trigger === 'auto') {
+          console.warn('[AutoSync] Blocked: refusing to auto-sync an empty vault to cloud');
+          return;
+        }
+        throw new Error(t('sync.autoSync.emptyVaultManual'));
+      }
+
       const results = await sync.syncNow(payload);
 
       // Apply merged payloads first (before checking for failures) so local
       // state gets updated even when some providers failed
       for (const result of results.values()) {
         if (result.mergedPayload) {
-          onApplyPayload(result.mergedPayload);
+          await Promise.resolve(onApplyPayload(result.mergedPayload));
           skipNextSyncRef.current = true;
           break; // All providers share the same merged payload
         }
@@ -195,6 +313,18 @@ export const useAutoSync = (config: AutoSyncConfig) => {
       }
 
       lastSyncedDataRef.current = dataHash;
+
+      // Successful sync implies a successful per-provider
+      // `checkProviderConflict` (which inspects remote) — equivalent
+      // to a successful startup reconciliation from the auto-sync
+      // gate's point of view. Opening the gate here is the escape
+      // hatch when a network outage exhausted the startup retry
+      // timer: a user-triggered manual sync (or any first successful
+      // auto sync that somehow ran anyway) resumes auto-sync for the
+      // rest of the session. Without this, a degraded-startup session
+      // would require the user to manually sync after every edit.
+      hasCheckedRemoteRef.current = true;
+      remoteCheckDoneRef.current = true;
     } catch (error) {
       if (trigger === 'manual') {
         throw error;
@@ -208,46 +338,232 @@ export const useAutoSync = (config: AutoSyncConfig) => {
       isSyncRunningRef.current = false;
     }
   }, [sync, buildPayload, getDataHash, onApplyPayload, t]);
-  
+
+  // One-shot toast per mount when a previous apply was interrupted, so the
+  // user understands why auto-sync is silently paused and where to go to
+  // recover. `applyProtectedSyncPayload` clears the sentinel on a clean
+  // apply, so this only fires once per genuine crash and naturally stops
+  // after the user completes a recovery.
+  const interruptedApplyNotifiedRef = useRef(false);
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (interruptedApplyNotifiedRef.current) return;
+    if (!sync.isUnlocked) return;
+    const interrupted = readInterruptedVaultApply();
+    if (!interrupted) return;
+    interruptedApplyNotifiedRef.current = true;
+    notify.error(
+      t('sync.autoSync.interruptedApplyMessage'),
+      t('sync.autoSync.interruptedApplyTitle'),
+    );
+  }, [sync.isUnlocked, t]);
+
+  // Stabilize the fields `checkRemoteVersion` reads from `config`.
+  // AutoSyncConfig is a fresh object literal on every App render, so a
+  // naive `config` dep would rebuild `checkRemoteVersion`'s identity on
+  // every unrelated state change — re-firing the retry effect with
+  // `attempt=0` and spawning overlapping in-flight inspections. The
+  // refs below let `checkRemoteVersion` read the latest callback and
+  // readiness flag without pulling the object identity into deps.
+  const onApplyPayloadRef = useRef(config.onApplyPayload);
+  useEffect(() => {
+    onApplyPayloadRef.current = config.onApplyPayload;
+  }, [config.onApplyPayload]);
+  const startupReadyRef = useRef(config.startupReady);
+  useEffect(() => {
+    startupReadyRef.current = config.startupReady;
+  }, [config.startupReady]);
+  // `buildPayload` closes over live React state so its identity flips
+  // on every vault edit; route it through a ref so `checkRemoteVersion`
+  // can read the latest builder without churning its memo identity.
+  const buildPayloadRef = useRef(buildPayload);
+  useEffect(() => {
+    buildPayloadRef.current = buildPayload;
+  }, [buildPayload]);
+
+  // Serialize `checkRemoteVersion` invocations. Overlapping runs would
+  // race on `commitRemoteInspection` + `onApplyPayload`: two merges
+  // could both write-then-clear the apply-in-progress sentinel around
+  // interleaved applies, and both could push post-merge snapshots to
+  // remote. The cross-window `withRestoreBarrier` protects other
+  // windows but does NOT serialize same-window re-entry, so this
+  // in-flight guard closes that gap at the top of the call.
+  const checkRemoteInFlightRef = useRef(false);
+
   // Check remote version and pull if newer (on startup)
   const checkRemoteVersion = useCallback(async () => {
+    if (checkRemoteInFlightRef.current) {
+      return;
+    }
     const state = manager.getState();
     const hasProvider = Object.values(state.providers).some((provider) => isProviderReadyForSync(provider));
     const unlocked = state.securityState === 'UNLOCKED';
-    
-    if (!hasProvider || !unlocked || hasCheckedRemoteRef.current) {
+
+    if (!hasProvider || !unlocked || hasCheckedRemoteRef.current || startupReadyRef.current === false) {
       return;
     }
-    
-    hasCheckedRemoteRef.current = true;
-    
-    // Find connected provider
+
+    // Find connected provider BEFORE acquiring the in-flight lock so the
+    // "nothing to check" early return doesn't leak the lock and wedge
+    // the retry timer. Any path that takes the lock MUST reach the
+    // finally-release below.
     const connectedProvider = AUTO_SYNC_PROVIDER_ORDER.find((provider) =>
       isProviderReadyForSync(state.providers[provider]),
     ) ?? null;
-    
-    if (!connectedProvider) return;
-    
+
+    if (!connectedProvider) {
+      // Nothing to check — mark as done so the auto-sync gate opens.
+      remoteCheckDoneRef.current = true;
+      return;
+    }
+
+    checkRemoteInFlightRef.current = true;
+
+    // Track whether the startup path completed in a state where the anchor/base
+    // are consistent with the local vault. Only then should we latch
+    // hasCheckedRemoteRef so that transient failures are retryable.
+    let startupConsistent = false;
     try {
-      // Load base BEFORE downloading (downloadFromProvider overwrites the base)
+      // Load base BEFORE observing the remote payload (commitRemoteInspection overwrites the base).
       const base = await manager.loadSyncBase(connectedProvider);
-      const remotePayload = await sync.downloadFromProvider(connectedProvider);
+      const inspection = await manager.inspectProviderRemote(connectedProvider);
 
-      if (remotePayload && remotePayload.syncedAt > state.localUpdatedAt) {
-        const { mergeSyncPayloads } = await import('../../domain/syncMerge');
-        const localPayload = buildPayload();
-        const mergeResult = mergeSyncPayloads(base, localPayload, remotePayload);
+      if (!inspection.payload || !inspection.remoteChanged || !inspection.remoteFile) {
+        // Remote unchanged (or empty) — no local mutation needed; anchor/base
+        // are already in sync with remote from a previous run.
+        startupConsistent = true;
+        return;
+      }
 
-        config.onApplyPayload(mergeResult.payload);
-        // Don't save base or skip auto-sync — let the data-change effect
-        // naturally trigger an upload of the merged payload (which will
-        // go through syncAllProviders and save base on success).
-        notify.success(t('sync.autoSync.syncedMessage'), t('sync.autoSync.syncedTitle'));
+      const remoteFile = inspection.remoteFile;
+      const remotePayload = inspection.payload;
+      const localPayload = buildPayloadRef.current();
+      const localIsEmpty = !hasMeaningfulSyncData(localPayload);
+      const remoteHasData = hasMeaningfulSyncData(remotePayload);
+
+      // If local vault is empty but cloud has data, this almost certainly
+      // means the user's data was lost (update, storage corruption, etc.).
+      // Pause and ask the user what to do instead of silently merging.
+      if (localIsEmpty && remoteHasData) {
+        const userAction = await new Promise<'restore' | 'keep-empty'>((resolve) => {
+          emptyVaultResolveRef.current = resolve;
+          setEmptyVaultConflict({
+            remotePayload,
+            hostCount: remotePayload.hosts?.length ?? 0,
+            keyCount: remotePayload.keys?.length ?? 0,
+            snippetCount: remotePayload.snippets?.length ?? 0,
+          });
+        });
+        setEmptyVaultConflict(null);
+        emptyVaultResolveRef.current = null;
+
+        if (userAction === 'restore') {
+          // Apply remote FIRST; only commit anchor/base after the UI-side
+          // state has accepted the remote payload, otherwise a failure
+          // between commit and apply would leave the anchor pointing at
+          // remote while local is still empty — the exact overwrite window
+          // we're trying to close.
+          await Promise.resolve(onApplyPayloadRef.current(remotePayload));
+          await manager.commitRemoteInspection(connectedProvider, remoteFile, remotePayload);
+          skipNextSyncRef.current = true;
+          startupConsistent = true;
+          notify.success(t('sync.autoSync.restoredMessage'), t('sync.autoSync.restoredTitle'));
+        } else {
+          // User chose to keep the empty vault. Deliberately do NOT advance
+          // the anchor or base — the next sync must still treat remote as
+          // "unseen" so the empty-vault-push guard (`hasMeaningfulSyncData`)
+          // keeps protecting the cloud copy. startupConsistent stays false
+          // so hasCheckedRemoteRef is not latched and the next startup will
+          // re-prompt if the user still has not added anything.
+          notify.info(t('sync.autoSync.keptLocalMessage'), t('sync.autoSync.keptLocalTitle'));
+        }
+        return;
+      }
+
+      const { mergeSyncPayloads } = await import('../../domain/syncMerge');
+      const mergeResult = mergeSyncPayloads(base, localPayload, remotePayload);
+
+      // Apply merged payload to local state BEFORE committing. If the apply
+      // throws, the next startup will re-run the merge with fresh data.
+      await Promise.resolve(onApplyPayloadRef.current(mergeResult.payload));
+      // Base is the last-agreed remote snapshot; `commitRemoteInspection`
+      // stores remotePayload as the base so the next diff is computed
+      // against what the cloud actually has, not against the merged
+      // local-only state.
+      await manager.commitRemoteInspection(connectedProvider, remoteFile, remotePayload);
+      startupConsistent = true;
+      notify.success(t('sync.autoSync.syncedMessage'), t('sync.autoSync.syncedTitle'));
+
+      // If the three-way merge introduced any local-only additions that the
+      // remote does not yet have, we MUST round-trip those to the cloud.
+      // Previously this branch stopped after applying merge locally, so the
+      // merged-in additions lived only on the device that ran the merge
+      // until the user's next edit.
+      //
+      // We push the merged payload *directly* through the manager rather
+      // than going through the React-state-driven `syncNow`. syncNow
+      // rebuilds the payload from hooks state, which may not yet reflect
+      // the onApplyPayload we awaited above (React commit phase is async
+      // relative to the awaited promise resolution). Passing mergeResult
+      // in explicitly removes the race entirely and avoids a setTimeout(0)
+      // that only approximated the correct ordering.
+      if (mergeResult.payload) {
+        try {
+          const roundTripResults = await manager.syncAllProviders(mergeResult.payload);
+          const wasShrinkBlocked = Array.from(roundTripResults.values()).some(
+            (r) => r.shrinkBlocked === true,
+          );
+          if (wasShrinkBlocked) {
+            // The merged payload is already applied locally and is the source of truth
+            // for THIS device. The blocking only prevents pushing it to cloud, which
+            // is acceptable here — the next user-edit-triggered sync will re-check
+            // (and the user can also force-push from the Settings banner if they
+            // navigate there). Reset syncState so we don't leave the manager wedged
+            // in BLOCKED with no banner visible.
+            console.warn('[AutoSync] Post-merge round-trip was shrink-blocked; merged data applied locally, reset syncState to IDLE for next attempt.');
+            manager.clearShrinkBlockedState();
+          }
+          // Suppress the debounced follow-up tick that otherwise fires
+          // once React commits the applied state, since we've just
+          // already pushed that exact payload upstream.
+          skipNextSyncRef.current = true;
+        } catch (error) {
+          // Non-fatal: the next user edit will drive another sync cycle.
+          console.warn('[AutoSync] Post-merge round-trip push failed:', error);
+        }
       }
     } catch (error) {
       console.error('[AutoSync] Failed to check remote version:', error);
+      // Surface a degraded-sync hint to the user rather than silently
+      // opening the auto-sync gate. Auto-sync will still retry on next
+      // data change (see finally block), but without this toast the user
+      // has no visible signal that startup reconciliation failed.
+      notify.error(
+        t('sync.autoSync.inspectFailedMessage'),
+        t('sync.autoSync.inspectFailedTitle'),
+      );
+      // Leave hasCheckedRemoteRef=false so the next startup (or the next
+      // provider/unlock transition) can retry.
+    } finally {
+      if (startupConsistent) {
+        hasCheckedRemoteRef.current = true;
+        // Only open the auto-sync gate when the inspect actually
+        // validated the remote state. Leaving the gate closed on
+        // inspect failure is intentional: an edit made during a
+        // degraded startup must not race ahead and push a partially-
+        // hydrated vault over an intact remote. The retry effect
+        // below re-fires checkRemoteVersion on the next provider/
+        // unlock/startupReady transition, and a manual sync from
+        // Settings remains available as an escape hatch.
+        remoteCheckDoneRef.current = true;
+      }
+      checkRemoteInFlightRef.current = false;
     }
-  }, [sync, config, buildPayload, t]);
+    // Intentionally minimal deps: `buildPayload`, `config.onApplyPayload`,
+    // and `config.startupReady` are read through refs above so their
+    // identity flips (every vault edit produces a fresh `buildPayload`
+    // and a fresh AutoSyncConfig literal) cannot re-memoize this
+    // callback and restart the retry-timer's exponential backoff.
+  }, [t]);
   
   // Debounced auto-sync when data changes
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -255,7 +571,15 @@ export const useAutoSync = (config: AutoSyncConfig) => {
     if (!sync.hasAnyConnectedProvider || !sync.autoSyncEnabled || !sync.isUnlocked) {
       return;
     }
-    
+
+    // Don't auto-sync until the startup remote check has completed.
+    // Without this gate, an empty local vault can push to the cloud
+    // before checkRemoteVersion even runs, overwriting a non-empty
+    // remote vault — the exact bug described in #679.
+    if (!remoteCheckDoneRef.current) {
+      return;
+    }
+
     // Skip initial render
     if (!isInitializedRef.current) {
       isInitializedRef.current = true;
@@ -283,6 +607,23 @@ export const useAutoSync = (config: AutoSyncConfig) => {
     if (sync.isSyncing || isSyncRunningRef.current) {
       return;
     }
+
+    // Hold off on scheduling a new push while another window is applying
+    // a restore — the restore is about to land via localStorage and the
+    // debounce-fired syncNow would otherwise race it. The next data-
+    // change tick after the restore barrier clears will re-enter here.
+    if (isRestoreInProgress()) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Don't even schedule a push while the apply-in-progress sentinel
+    // is held. The syncNow path re-checks and refuses too, but dropping
+    // the debounced schedule here avoids spinning a 3-second timer for
+    // every keystroke while the user is in the Restore UI working
+    // through recovery.
+    if (readInterruptedVaultApply()) {
+      return;
+    }
     
     // Clear existing timeout
     if (syncTimeoutRef.current) {
@@ -301,31 +642,111 @@ export const useAutoSync = (config: AutoSyncConfig) => {
     };
   }, [sync.hasAnyConnectedProvider, sync.autoSyncEnabled, sync.isUnlocked, sync.isSyncing, getDataHash, syncNow, config.settingsVersion, bookmarksVersion]);
   
-  // Check remote version on startup/unlock
+  // Check remote version on startup/unlock, then retry with backoff
+  // while the inspect keeps failing. Without the timer-based retry,
+  // a failure that doesn't coincide with a dep change would wedge the
+  // auto-sync gate closed until the user restarts or manually triggers
+  // sync from Settings — the 30s/60s/90s cadence below lets a short
+  // outage (network blip, provider rate-limit) self-heal.
   useEffect(() => {
-    if (sync.hasAnyConnectedProvider && sync.isUnlocked && !hasCheckedRemoteRef.current) {
-      // Delay check to ensure everything is loaded
-      const timer = setTimeout(() => {
-        checkRemoteVersion();
-      }, 1000);
-      
-      return () => clearTimeout(timer);
+    if (
+      !sync.hasAnyConnectedProvider ||
+      !sync.isUnlocked ||
+      hasCheckedRemoteRef.current ||
+      config.startupReady === false
+    ) {
+      return;
     }
-  }, [sync.hasAnyConnectedProvider, sync.isUnlocked, checkRemoteVersion]);
+
+    let cancelled = false;
+    let attempt = 0;
+    let timerId: NodeJS.Timeout | null = null;
+
+    const tick = () => {
+      if (cancelled) return;
+      void (async () => {
+        await checkRemoteVersion();
+        if (cancelled || hasCheckedRemoteRef.current) return;
+        // Cap retries at ~5 minutes total (30s + 60s + 120s + 240s). A
+        // persistent failure beyond that is almost certainly a
+        // misconfiguration that needs user action rather than more
+        // auto-retries.
+        //
+        // When retries exhaust we deliberately leave the auto-sync gate
+        // CLOSED. Opening it here would allow a partially-lost local
+        // vault to silently clobber an unchanged remote: anchor still
+        // matches, `checkProviderConflict` sees no remote change,
+        // `hasMeaningfulSyncData` doesn't flag non-empty-but-partial
+        // local, and the empty-vault prompt never fires.
+        //
+        // Escape hatch: a successful manual sync from Settings opens
+        // the gate via `syncNow`'s success path. That path runs the
+        // same per-provider inspect we use here, so a successful
+        // manual sync is equivalent to a successful startup inspect
+        // from the gate's point of view — the user's explicit click
+        // authorizes both the push and the subsequent auto-sync
+        // resumption. Until then, auto-sync stays paused and the
+        // "sync paused" toast is the user's signal to act.
+        if (attempt >= 4) return;
+        const delayMs = Math.min(240_000, 30_000 * 2 ** attempt);
+        attempt += 1;
+        timerId = setTimeout(tick, delayMs);
+      })();
+    };
+
+    tick();
+
+    return () => {
+      cancelled = true;
+      if (timerId) clearTimeout(timerId);
+    };
+  }, [sync.hasAnyConnectedProvider, sync.isUnlocked, config.startupReady, checkRemoteVersion]);
   
-  // Reset check flag when provider disconnects
+  // Reset check flags when provider disconnects
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!sync.hasAnyConnectedProvider) {
       hasCheckedRemoteRef.current = false;
+      remoteCheckDoneRef.current = false;
     }
   }, [sync.hasAnyConnectedProvider]);
+
+  // On unmount, release any pending empty-vault confirmation. Without
+  // this, an unmount mid-dialog (window close, workspace switch) leaves
+  // the resolver promise dangling forever and the `checkRemoteVersion`
+  // finally block never sets remoteCheckDoneRef — in practice React
+  // tears down the hook first, but leaking the resolve callback and
+  // referenced remotePayload keeps them pinned by the awaiter until
+  // the next reload. Resolving with 'keep-empty' is the safe default:
+  // it mirrors the "don't touch remote" choice and leaves the version
+  // stamp untouched so the next mount re-prompts.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    return () => {
+      const resolve = emptyVaultResolveRef.current;
+      if (resolve) {
+        emptyVaultResolveRef.current = null;
+        resolve('keep-empty');
+      }
+    };
+  }, []);
   
+  const resolveEmptyVaultConflict = useCallback((action: 'restore' | 'keep-empty') => {
+    // Guard: resolve only once (prevents double-click from entering an
+    // inconsistent state). The ref is nulled immediately so subsequent
+    // calls are no-ops.
+    const resolve = emptyVaultResolveRef.current;
+    if (!resolve) return;
+    emptyVaultResolveRef.current = null;
+    resolve(action);
+  }, []);
+
   return {
     syncNow,
     buildPayload,
     isSyncing: sync.isSyncing,
     isConnected: sync.hasAnyConnectedProvider,
     autoSyncEnabled: sync.autoSyncEnabled,
+    emptyVaultConflict,
+    resolveEmptyVaultConflict,
   };
 };
 

application/state/useCloudSync.ts

@@ -26,7 +26,9 @@ import {
 import {
   getCloudSyncManager,
   type SyncManagerState,
+  type SyncEventCallback,
 } from '../../infrastructure/services/CloudSyncManager';
+import type { ShrinkFinding } from '../../domain/syncGuards';
 import { netcattyBridge } from '../../infrastructure/services/netcattyBridge';
 import type { DeviceFlowState } from '../../infrastructure/services/adapters/GitHubAdapter';
 
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ export interface CloudSyncHook {
   // Computed
   hasAnyConnectedProvider: boolean;
   connectedProviderCount: number;
-  overallSyncStatus: 'none' | 'synced' | 'syncing' | 'error' | 'conflict';
+  overallSyncStatus: 'none' | 'synced' | 'syncing' | 'error' | 'conflict' | 'blocked';
   
   // Master Key Actions
   setupMasterKey: (password: string, confirmPassword: string) => Promise<void>;
@@ -86,11 +88,25 @@ export interface CloudSyncHook {
   resetProviderStatus: (provider: CloudProvider) => void;
 
   // Sync Actions
-  syncNow: (payload: SyncPayload) => Promise<Map<CloudProvider, SyncResult>>;
-  syncToProvider: (provider: CloudProvider, payload: SyncPayload) => Promise<SyncResult>;
+  syncNow: (payload: SyncPayload, opts?: { overrideShrink?: boolean }) => Promise<Map<CloudProvider, SyncResult>>;
+  syncToProvider: (provider: CloudProvider, payload: SyncPayload, opts?: { overrideShrink?: boolean }) => Promise<SyncResult>;
   downloadFromProvider: (provider: CloudProvider) => Promise<SyncPayload | null>;
   resolveConflict: (resolution: ConflictResolution) => Promise<SyncPayload | null>;
-  
+
+  // Gist Revision History
+  getGistRevisionHistory: () => Promise<Array<{ version: string; date: Date }>>;
+  downloadGistRevision: (sha: string) => Promise<{
+    payload: SyncPayload;
+    meta: import('../../domain/sync').SyncFileMeta;
+    preview: {
+      hostCount: number;
+      keyCount: number;
+      snippetCount: number;
+      identityCount: number;
+      portForwardingRuleCount: number;
+    };
+  } | null>;
+
   // Settings
   setAutoSync: (enabled: boolean, intervalMinutes?: number) => void;
   setDeviceName: (name: string) => void;
@@ -102,6 +118,12 @@ export interface CloudSyncHook {
   formatLastSync: (timestamp?: number) => string;
   getProviderDotColor: (provider: CloudProvider) => string;
   refresh: () => void;
+
+  // Event subscription (for non-state events like SYNC_BLOCKED_SHRINK)
+  subscribeToEvents: (callback: SyncEventCallback) => () => void;
+
+  // Shrink-block state query (for banner hydration on mount)
+  getShrinkBlockedFinding: () => Extract<ShrinkFinding, { suspicious: true }> | null;
 }
 
 // ============================================================================
@@ -176,7 +198,8 @@ export const useCloudSync = (): CloudSyncHook => {
     ).length;
   }, [state.providers]);
   
-  const overallSyncStatus = useMemo((): 'none' | 'synced' | 'syncing' | 'error' | 'conflict' => {
+  const overallSyncStatus = useMemo((): 'none' | 'synced' | 'syncing' | 'error' | 'conflict' | 'blocked' => {
+    if (state.syncState === 'BLOCKED') return 'blocked';
     if (state.syncState === 'CONFLICT') return 'conflict';
     if (state.syncState === 'ERROR') return 'error';
     if (state.syncState === 'SYNCING') return 'syncing';
@@ -408,14 +431,14 @@ export const useCloudSync = (): CloudSyncHook => {
     throw new Error('Vault is locked');
   }, []);
 
-  const syncNowWithUnlock = useCallback(async (payload: SyncPayload) => {
+  const syncNowWithUnlock = useCallback(async (payload: SyncPayload, opts?: { overrideShrink?: boolean }) => {
     await ensureUnlocked();
-    return await manager.syncAllProviders(payload);
+    return await manager.syncAllProviders(payload, opts);
   }, [ensureUnlocked]);
 
-  const syncToProviderWithUnlock = useCallback(async (provider: CloudProvider, payload: SyncPayload) => {
+  const syncToProviderWithUnlock = useCallback(async (provider: CloudProvider, payload: SyncPayload, opts?: { overrideShrink?: boolean }) => {
     await ensureUnlocked();
-    return await manager.syncToProvider(provider, payload);
+    return await manager.syncToProvider(provider, payload, opts);
   }, [ensureUnlocked]);
 
   const downloadFromProviderWithUnlock = useCallback(async (provider: CloudProvider) => {
@@ -423,6 +446,16 @@ export const useCloudSync = (): CloudSyncHook => {
     return await manager.downloadFromProvider(provider);
   }, [ensureUnlocked]);
 
+  const subscribeToEvents = useCallback(
+    (callback: SyncEventCallback) => manager.subscribe(callback),
+    [],
+  );
+
+  const getShrinkBlockedFinding = useCallback(
+    () => manager.getShrinkBlockedFinding(),
+    [],
+  );
+
   const resolveConflictWithUnlock = useCallback(async (resolution: ConflictResolution) => {
     await ensureUnlocked();
     return await manager.resolveConflict(resolution);
@@ -475,6 +508,10 @@ export const useCloudSync = (): CloudSyncHook => {
     syncToProvider: syncToProviderWithUnlock,
     downloadFromProvider: downloadFromProviderWithUnlock,
     resolveConflict: resolveConflictWithUnlock,
+
+    // Gist Revision History (#679)
+    getGistRevisionHistory: manager.getGistRevisionHistory.bind(manager),
+    downloadGistRevision: manager.downloadGistRevision.bind(manager),
     
     // Settings
     setAutoSync,
@@ -487,6 +524,12 @@ export const useCloudSync = (): CloudSyncHook => {
     formatLastSync,
     getProviderDotColor,
     refresh,
+
+    // Event subscription
+    subscribeToEvents,
+
+    // Shrink-block state query
+    getShrinkBlockedFinding,
   };
 };
 

application/state/useFileUpload.ts

@@ -1,20 +1,13 @@
 /**
- * useFileUpload - Handle file paste/drop with base64 conversion
+ * File upload conversion helpers for AI draft attachments.
  *
  * Supports images, PDFs, and other document types.
  * Ported from 1code's use-agents-file-upload.ts
  */
-import { useCallback, useState } from 'react';
+import type { UploadedFile } from '../../infrastructure/ai/types';
 import { getPathForFile } from '../../lib/sftpFileUtils';
 
-export interface UploadedFile {
-  id: string;
-  filename: string;
-  dataUrl: string;      // data:...;base64,... for preview
-  base64Data: string;   // raw base64 for API
-  mediaType: string;    // MIME type e.g. "image/png", "application/pdf"
-  filePath?: string;    // original filesystem path (Electron only)
-}
+export type { UploadedFile } from '../../infrastructure/ai/types';
 
 /** Reject only known binary blobs that AI models can't process */
 const REJECTED_MIME_PREFIXES = ['video/', 'audio/'];
@@ -38,42 +31,32 @@ async function fileToDataUrl(file: File): Promise<{ dataUrl: string; base64: str
   });
 }
 
-export function useFileUpload() {
-  const [files, setFiles] = useState<UploadedFile[]>([]);
+export async function convertFilesToUploads(inputFiles: File[]): Promise<UploadedFile[]> {
+  const supported = inputFiles.filter(isSupportedFile);
+  if (supported.length === 0) return [];
 
-  const addFiles = useCallback(async (inputFiles: File[]) => {
-    const supported = inputFiles.filter(isSupportedFile);
-    if (supported.length === 0) return;
-
-    const newFiles: UploadedFile[] = await Promise.all(
-      supported.map(async (file) => {
-        const id = crypto.randomUUID();
-        const filename = file.name || `file-${Date.now()}`;
-        const mediaType = file.type || 'application/octet-stream';
-        let dataUrl = '';
-        let base64Data = '';
-        try {
-          const result = await fileToDataUrl(file);
-          dataUrl = result.dataUrl;
-          base64Data = result.base64;
-        } catch (err) {
-          console.error('[useFileUpload] Failed to convert:', err);
-        }
+  const uploads: Array<UploadedFile | null> = await Promise.all(
+    supported.map(async (file) => {
+      const id = crypto.randomUUID();
+      const filename = file.name || `file-${Date.now()}`;
+      const mediaType = file.type || 'application/octet-stream';
+      try {
+        const result = await fileToDataUrl(file);
         const filePath = getPathForFile(file);
-        return { id, filename, dataUrl, base64Data, mediaType, filePath };
-      }),
-    );
+        return {
+          id,
+          filename,
+          dataUrl: result.dataUrl,
+          base64Data: result.base64,
+          mediaType,
+          filePath,
+        };
+      } catch (err) {
+        console.error('[useFileUpload] Failed to convert:', err);
+        return null;
+      }
+    }),
+  );
 
-    setFiles((prev) => [...prev, ...newFiles]);
-  }, []);
-
-  const removeFile = useCallback((id: string) => {
-    setFiles((prev) => prev.filter((f) => f.id !== id));
-  }, []);
-
-  const clearFiles = useCallback(() => {
-    setFiles([]);
-  }, []);
-
-  return { files, addFiles, removeFile, clearFiles };
+  return uploads.filter((upload): upload is UploadedFile => upload !== null);
 }

application/state/useGlobalHotkeys.ts

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ interface HotkeyActions {
   openHosts: () => void;
   openSftp: () => void;
   quickSwitch: () => void;
+  newWorkspace: () => void;
   commandPalette: () => void;
   portForwarding: () => void;
   snippets: () => void;
@@ -61,6 +62,7 @@ export const getAppLevelActions = (): Set<string> => {
     'openHosts',
     'openSftp',
     'quickSwitch',
+    'newWorkspace',
     'commandPalette',
     'portForwarding',
     'snippets',
@@ -77,6 +79,7 @@ export const getTerminalPassthroughActions = (): Set<string> => {
   return new Set([
     'copy',
     'paste',
+    'pasteSelection',
     'selectAll',
     'clearBuffer',
     'searchTerminal',
@@ -167,6 +170,9 @@ export const useGlobalHotkeys = ({
       case 'quickSwitch':
         currentActions.quickSwitch?.();
         break;
+      case 'newWorkspace':
+        currentActions.newWorkspace?.();
+        break;
       case 'commandPalette':
         currentActions.commandPalette?.();
         break;

application/state/useLocalVaultBackups.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from 'react';
+import {
+  type LocalVaultBackupPreview,
+  getLocalVaultBackupCapabilities,
+  getLocalVaultBackupMaxCount,
+  listLocalVaultBackups,
+  openLocalVaultBackupDir,
+  readLocalVaultBackup,
+  setLocalVaultBackupMaxCount,
+  trimLocalVaultBackups,
+} from '../localVaultBackups';
+import { netcattyBridge } from '../../infrastructure/services/netcattyBridge';
+
+export function useLocalVaultBackups() {
+  const [backups, setBackups] = useState<LocalVaultBackupPreview[]>([]);
+  const [isLoading, setIsLoading] = useState(false);
+  const [maxBackups, setMaxBackupsState] = useState(() => getLocalVaultBackupMaxCount());
+  // `null` while we're still asking the main process. The UI should treat
+  // `null` as "unknown, don't render restore controls yet" so we never expose
+  // a destructive action that might later be disabled.
+  const [encryptionAvailable, setEncryptionAvailable] = useState<boolean | null>(null);
+
+  const refreshBackups = useCallback(async () => {
+    setIsLoading(true);
+    try {
+      const next = await listLocalVaultBackups();
+      setBackups(next);
+    } finally {
+      setIsLoading(false);
+    }
+  }, []);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    let cancelled = false;
+    void (async () => {
+      try {
+        const caps = await getLocalVaultBackupCapabilities();
+        if (!cancelled) {
+          setEncryptionAvailable(caps.encryptionAvailable);
+        }
+      } catch {
+        if (!cancelled) {
+          setEncryptionAvailable(false);
+        }
+      }
+    })();
+    void refreshBackups();
+    return () => {
+      cancelled = true;
+    };
+  }, [refreshBackups]);
+
+  // Cross-window live refresh: the main process broadcasts when any
+  // renderer's createBackup or trimBackups actually mutated the on-disk
+  // set. Without this subscription, a protective backup written by the
+  // main window wouldn't show up in the Settings window's list until
+  // the user manually navigated away and back, silently under-reporting
+  // the most recent recovery points.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const bridge = netcattyBridge.get();
+    const subscribe = bridge?.onVaultBackupsChanged;
+    if (typeof subscribe !== 'function') return undefined;
+    const unsubscribe = subscribe(() => {
+      void refreshBackups();
+    });
+    return () => {
+      try { unsubscribe?.(); } catch { /* ignore */ }
+    };
+  }, [refreshBackups]);
+
+  const updateMaxBackups = useCallback(async (value: number) => {
+    const sanitized = setLocalVaultBackupMaxCount(value);
+    setMaxBackupsState(sanitized);
+    await trimLocalVaultBackups(sanitized);
+    await refreshBackups();
+    return sanitized;
+  }, [refreshBackups]);
+
+  const openBackupDirectory = useCallback(async () => {
+    await openLocalVaultBackupDir();
+  }, []);
+
+  return {
+    backups,
+    isLoading,
+    maxBackups,
+    encryptionAvailable,
+    refreshBackups,
+    readBackup: readLocalVaultBackup,
+    setMaxBackups: updateMaxBackups,
+    openBackupDirectory,
+  };
+}
+
+export default useLocalVaultBackups;

application/state/useSessionState.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-import { MouseEvent,useCallback,useMemo,useState } from 'react';
+import { MouseEvent,useCallback,useMemo,useRef,useState } from 'react';
 import { ConnectionLog,Host,SerialConfig,Snippet,TerminalSession,Workspace,WorkspaceViewMode } from '../../domain/models';
 import {
+appendPaneToWorkspaceRoot,
 collectSessionIds,
 createWorkspaceFromSessions as createWorkspaceEntity,
 createWorkspaceFromSessionIds,
@@ -24,6 +25,12 @@ export interface LogView {
 export const useSessionState = () => {
   const [sessions, setSessions] = useState<TerminalSession[]>([]);
   const [workspaces, setWorkspaces] = useState<Workspace[]>([]);
+  // Latest workspaces snapshot for synchronous existence checks outside
+  // setWorkspaces updaters — React doesn't guarantee updaters run
+  // synchronously, so relying on a flag flipped inside them to decide
+  // whether to also call setSessions is racy and can leave orphan panes.
+  const workspacesRef = useRef(workspaces);
+  workspacesRef.current = workspaces;
   // activeTabId is now managed by external store - components subscribe directly
   const setActiveTabId = activeTabStore.setActiveTabId;
   const [draggingSessionId, setDraggingSessionId] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -141,19 +148,48 @@ export const useSessionState = () => {
     setSessions(prev => prev.map(s => s.id === sessionId ? { ...s, status } : s));
   }, []);
 
+  const closeWorkspace = useCallback((workspaceId: string) => {
+    setWorkspaces(prevWorkspaces => {
+      const remainingWorkspaces = prevWorkspaces.filter(w => w.id !== workspaceId);
+
+      setSessions(prevSessions => prevSessions.filter(s => s.workspaceId !== workspaceId));
+
+      const currentActiveTabId = activeTabStore.getActiveTabId();
+      if (currentActiveTabId === workspaceId) {
+        if (remainingWorkspaces.length > 0) {
+          setActiveTabId(remainingWorkspaces[remainingWorkspaces.length - 1].id);
+        } else {
+          setActiveTabId('vault');
+        }
+      }
+
+      return remainingWorkspaces;
+    });
+  }, [setActiveTabId]);
+
   const closeSession = useCallback((sessionId: string, e?: MouseEvent) => {
     e?.stopPropagation();
-    
+
+    // Pre-compute outside the setSessions updater so we don't depend on React
+    // having run the updater by the time we queue the microtask. React 18+ does
+    // not guarantee updater execution timing under concurrent scheduling.
+    const sessionBeingClosed = sessions.find(s => s.id === sessionId);
+    const workspaceIdToMaybeClose =
+      sessionBeingClosed?.workspaceId &&
+      sessions.every(s => s.id === sessionId || s.workspaceId !== sessionBeingClosed.workspaceId)
+        ? sessionBeingClosed.workspaceId
+        : undefined;
+
     setSessions(prevSessions => {
       const targetSession = prevSessions.find(s => s.id === sessionId);
       const wsId = targetSession?.workspaceId;
-      
+
       setWorkspaces(prevWorkspaces => {
         let removedWorkspaceId: string | null = null;
         let nextWorkspaces = prevWorkspaces;
         let dissolvedWorkspaceId: string | null = null;
         let lastRemainingSessionId: string | null = null;
-        
+
         if (wsId) {
           nextWorkspaces = prevWorkspaces
             .map(ws => {
@@ -163,7 +199,7 @@ export const useSessionState = () => {
                 removedWorkspaceId = ws.id;
                 return null;
               }
-              
+
               // Check if only 1 session remains - dissolve workspace
               const remainingSessionIds = collectSessionIds(pruned);
               if (remainingSessionIds.length === 1) {
@@ -171,12 +207,12 @@ export const useSessionState = () => {
                 lastRemainingSessionId = remainingSessionIds[0];
                 return null;
               }
-              
+
               return { ...ws, root: pruned };
             })
             .filter((ws): ws is Workspace => Boolean(ws));
         }
-        
+
         const remainingSessions = prevSessions.filter(s => s.id !== sessionId);
         const fallbackWorkspace = nextWorkspaces[nextWorkspaces.length - 1];
         const fallbackSolo = remainingSessions.filter(s => !s.workspaceId).slice(-1)[0];
@@ -198,10 +234,10 @@ export const useSessionState = () => {
         } else if (wsId && currentActiveTabId === wsId && !nextWorkspaces.find(w => w.id === wsId)) {
           setActiveTabId(getFallback());
         }
-        
+
         return nextWorkspaces;
       });
-      
+
       // Check if we need to dissolve a workspace (convert remaining session to orphan)
       if (targetSession?.workspaceId) {
         const ws = workspaces.find(w => w.id === targetSession.workspaceId);
@@ -218,29 +254,14 @@ export const useSessionState = () => {
           }
         }
       }
-	      
-	      return prevSessions.filter(s => s.id !== sessionId);
-	    });
-	  }, [workspaces, setActiveTabId]);
 
-  const closeWorkspace = useCallback((workspaceId: string) => {
-    setWorkspaces(prevWorkspaces => {
-      const remainingWorkspaces = prevWorkspaces.filter(w => w.id !== workspaceId);
-      
-      setSessions(prevSessions => prevSessions.filter(s => s.workspaceId !== workspaceId));
-      
-      const currentActiveTabId = activeTabStore.getActiveTabId();
-      if (currentActiveTabId === workspaceId) {
-        if (remainingWorkspaces.length > 0) {
-          setActiveTabId(remainingWorkspaces[remainingWorkspaces.length - 1].id);
-        } else {
-          setActiveTabId('vault');
-        }
-      }
-      
-	      return remainingWorkspaces;
-	    });
-	  }, [setActiveTabId]);
+      return prevSessions.filter(s => s.id !== sessionId);
+    });
+
+    if (workspaceIdToMaybeClose) {
+      queueMicrotask(() => closeWorkspace(workspaceIdToMaybeClose!));
+    }
+  }, [sessions, workspaces, setActiveTabId, closeWorkspace]);
 
   const startSessionRename = useCallback((sessionId: string) => {
     setSessions(prevSessions => {
@@ -369,6 +390,89 @@ export const useSessionState = () => {
     setActiveTabId(workspace.id);
   }, [setActiveTabId]);
 
+  // Like createWorkspaceWithHosts but supports mixed targets — each
+  // entry is either an SSH host or a local terminal. Used by the
+  // "New Workspace" flow in QuickSwitcher.
+  type WorkspaceTarget =
+    | { kind: 'local'; shellType?: TerminalSession['shellType']; shell?: string; shellArgs?: string[]; shellName?: string; shellIcon?: string }
+    | { kind: 'host'; host: Host };
+
+  const createWorkspaceFromTargets = useCallback((targets: WorkspaceTarget[], name: string = 'Workspace'): string | null => {
+    if (targets.length === 0) return null;
+
+    const newSessions: TerminalSession[] = targets.map((target) => {
+      if (target.kind === 'local') {
+        const sessionId = crypto.randomUUID();
+        return {
+          id: sessionId,
+          hostId: `local-${sessionId}`,
+          hostLabel: target.shellName || 'Local Terminal',
+          hostname: 'localhost',
+          username: 'local',
+          status: 'connecting',
+          protocol: 'local',
+          shellType: target.shellType,
+          localShell: target.shell,
+          localShellArgs: target.shellArgs,
+          localShellName: target.shellName,
+          localShellIcon: target.shellIcon,
+        };
+      }
+      const host = target.host;
+      if (host.protocol === 'serial') {
+        const serialConfig: SerialConfig = host.serialConfig || {
+          path: host.hostname,
+          baudRate: host.port || 115200,
+          dataBits: 8,
+          stopBits: 1,
+          parity: 'none',
+          flowControl: 'none',
+          localEcho: false,
+          lineMode: false,
+        };
+        const portName = serialConfig.path.split('/').pop() || serialConfig.path;
+        return {
+          id: crypto.randomUUID(),
+          hostId: host.id,
+          hostLabel: host.label || `Serial: ${portName}`,
+          hostname: serialConfig.path,
+          username: '',
+          status: 'connecting',
+          protocol: 'serial',
+          serialConfig,
+          charset: host.charset,
+        };
+      }
+      return {
+        id: crypto.randomUUID(),
+        hostId: host.id,
+        hostLabel: host.label,
+        hostname: host.hostname,
+        username: host.username,
+        status: 'connecting',
+        protocol: host.protocol,
+        port: host.port,
+        moshEnabled: host.moshEnabled,
+        charset: host.charset,
+      };
+    });
+
+    const sessionIds = newSessions.map((s) => s.id);
+    // Default to focus-mode (sidebar layout) regardless of target
+    // count — matches the intent behind the QuickSwitcher "New
+    // Workspace" flow, which the user expects to land in focus view.
+    const workspace = createWorkspaceFromSessionIds(sessionIds, {
+      title: name,
+      viewMode: 'focus',
+    });
+    const sessionsWithWorkspace = newSessions.map((s) => ({ ...s, workspaceId: workspace.id }));
+
+    setSessions((prev) => [...prev, ...sessionsWithWorkspace]);
+    setWorkspaces((prev) => [...prev, workspace]);
+    setActiveTabId(workspace.id);
+    return workspace.id;
+  }, [setActiveTabId]);
+
   const createWorkspaceFromSessions = useCallback((
     baseSessionId: string,
     joiningSessionId: string,
@@ -420,6 +524,118 @@ export const useSessionState = () => {
 	    });
 	  }, [setActiveTabId]);
 
+  // Add a host into an existing workspace by creating a new session for
+  // that host and appending it as the last pane at the workspace root.
+  // Sibling sizes are rebalanced equally by appendPaneToWorkspaceRoot.
+  // Unlike addSessionToWorkspace (which takes a pre-created orphan
+  // session and a SplitHint), this is atomic — the new session is born
+  // already bound to the target workspace and focused.
+  const appendHostToWorkspace = useCallback((
+    workspaceId: string,
+    host: Host,
+    direction: SplitDirection = 'vertical',
+  ): string | null => {
+    // Serial hosts use a different session constructor; they currently
+    // only enter workspaces via createSerialSession + drag, so reject
+    // them here to avoid a partially-constructed session.
+    if (host.protocol === 'serial') return null;
+
+    // Cheap early-exit using the ref when the workspace is clearly
+    // absent. The authoritative check lives inside the setWorkspaces
+    // updater below so we also cover the concurrent-close race.
+    if (!workspacesRef.current.some(w => w.id === workspaceId)) return null;
+
+    const newSessionId = crypto.randomUUID();
+    const newSession: TerminalSession = {
+      id: newSessionId,
+      hostId: host.id,
+      hostLabel: host.label,
+      hostname: host.hostname,
+      username: host.username,
+      status: 'connecting',
+      protocol: host.protocol,
+      port: host.port,
+      moshEnabled: host.moshEnabled,
+      charset: host.charset,
+      workspaceId,
+    };
+
+    // Nest setSessions + setActiveTabId inside the setWorkspaces updater
+    // so we only commit the session when the workspace update actually
+    // matched — otherwise a concurrent closeWorkspace between the ref
+    // check and the updater firing would leave an orphan session with a
+    // workspaceId pointing at nothing, and active tab would jump to a
+    // closed id. The inner setSessions is idempotent (id dedupe) so
+    // StrictMode's dev-time double-invoke does not duplicate the row.
+    setWorkspaces(prev => {
+      const target = prev.find(w => w.id === workspaceId);
+      if (!target) return prev;
+      setSessions(s => s.some(x => x.id === newSessionId) ? s : [...s, newSession]);
+      setActiveTabId(workspaceId);
+      return prev.map(ws => {
+        if (ws.id !== workspaceId) return ws;
+        return {
+          ...ws,
+          root: appendPaneToWorkspaceRoot(ws.root, newSessionId, direction),
+          focusedSessionId: newSessionId,
+        };
+      });
+    });
+    return newSessionId;
+  }, [setActiveTabId]);
+
+  // Atomic "append a local terminal pane" — mirror of appendHostToWorkspace
+  // but constructs a local-protocol session instead of an SSH one.
+  const appendLocalTerminalToWorkspace = useCallback((
+    workspaceId: string,
+    options?: {
+      shellType?: TerminalSession['shellType'];
+      shell?: string;
+      shellArgs?: string[];
+      shellName?: string;
+      shellIcon?: string;
+    },
+    direction: SplitDirection = 'vertical',
+  ): string | null => {
+    // Same pattern as appendHostToWorkspace — ref guard + authoritative
+    // inside-updater match to cover concurrent closeWorkspace.
+    if (!workspacesRef.current.some(w => w.id === workspaceId)) return null;
+
+    const newSessionId = crypto.randomUUID();
+    const localHostId = `local-${newSessionId}`;
+    const newSession: TerminalSession = {
+      id: newSessionId,
+      hostId: localHostId,
+      hostLabel: options?.shellName || 'Local Terminal',
+      hostname: 'localhost',
+      username: 'local',
+      status: 'connecting',
+      protocol: 'local',
+      shellType: options?.shellType,
+      localShell: options?.shell,
+      localShellArgs: options?.shellArgs,
+      localShellName: options?.shellName,
+      localShellIcon: options?.shellIcon,
+      workspaceId,
+    };
+
+    setWorkspaces(prev => {
+      const target = prev.find(w => w.id === workspaceId);
+      if (!target) return prev;
+      setSessions(s => s.some(x => x.id === newSessionId) ? s : [...s, newSession]);
+      setActiveTabId(workspaceId);
+      return prev.map(ws => {
+        if (ws.id !== workspaceId) return ws;
+        return {
+          ...ws,
+          root: appendPaneToWorkspaceRoot(ws.root, newSessionId, direction),
+          focusedSessionId: newSessionId,
+        };
+      });
+    });
+    return newSessionId;
+  }, [setActiveTabId]);
+
   const updateSplitSizes = useCallback((workspaceId: string, splitId: string, sizes: number[]) => {
     setWorkspaces(prev => prev.map(ws => {
       if (ws.id !== workspaceId) return ws;
@@ -654,16 +870,22 @@ export const useSessionState = () => {
   const copySession = useCallback((sessionId: string, options?: {
     localShellType?: TerminalSession['shellType'];
   }) => {
+    // Pre-allocate the new id outside the updater so StrictMode's
+    // double-invocation of the functional updater doesn't mint two ids.
+    const newSessionId = crypto.randomUUID();
+
     setSessions(prevSessions => {
       const session = prevSessions.find(s => s.id === sessionId);
+      // Source may have been closed between the user's action and this
+      // update running; in that case skip entirely — do NOT switch the
+      // active tab or insert into tabOrder, which would leave dangling ids.
       if (!session) return prevSessions;
       const nextShellType = session.protocol === 'local'
         ? options?.localShellType
         : session.shellType;
 
-      // Create a new session with the same connection info
       const newSession: TerminalSession = {
-        id: crypto.randomUUID(),
+        id: newSessionId,
         hostId: session.hostId,
         hostLabel: session.hostLabel,
         hostname: session.hostname,
@@ -681,10 +903,40 @@ export const useSessionState = () => {
         localShellIcon: session.localShellIcon,
       };
 
-      setActiveTabId(newSession.id);
+      // Schedule the activeTab + tabOrder updates only when creation
+      // actually happens. These nested setStates are idempotent, so
+      // StrictMode's double-invocation is harmless.
+      setActiveTabId(newSessionId);
+      setTabOrder(prevTabOrder => {
+        // Fast path: source is already tracked in tabOrder — splice directly.
+        const directIdx = prevTabOrder.indexOf(sessionId);
+        if (directIdx !== -1) {
+          const next = [...prevTabOrder];
+          next.splice(directIdx + 1, 0, newSessionId);
+          return next;
+        }
+        // Fallback: source is only in the derived tab collections. Rebuild the
+        // effective order (same pattern as reorderTabs) to locate its position.
+        const allTabIds = [
+          ...orphanSessions.map(s => s.id),
+          ...workspaces.map(w => w.id),
+          ...logViews.map(lv => lv.id),
+        ];
+        const allTabIdSet = new Set(allTabIds);
+        const orderedIds = prevTabOrder.filter(id => allTabIdSet.has(id));
+        const orderedIdSet = new Set(orderedIds);
+        const newIds = allTabIds.filter(id => !orderedIdSet.has(id));
+        const currentOrder = [...orderedIds, ...newIds];
+        const sourceIdx = currentOrder.indexOf(sessionId);
+        if (sourceIdx === -1) return [...prevTabOrder, newSessionId];
+        const next = [...currentOrder];
+        next.splice(sourceIdx + 1, 0, newSessionId);
+        return next;
+      });
+
       return [...prevSessions, newSession];
     });
-  }, [setActiveTabId]);
+  }, [orphanSessions, workspaces, logViews, setActiveTabId]);
 
   // Toggle broadcast mode for a workspace
   const toggleBroadcast = useCallback((workspaceId: string) => {
@@ -788,8 +1040,11 @@ export const useSessionState = () => {
     closeWorkspace,
     updateSessionStatus,
     createWorkspaceWithHosts,
+    createWorkspaceFromTargets,
     createWorkspaceFromSessions,
     addSessionToWorkspace,
+    appendHostToWorkspace,
+    appendLocalTerminalToWorkspace,
     updateSplitSizes,
     splitSession,
     toggleWorkspaceViewMode,

application/state/useSettingsState.ts

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import {
   STORAGE_KEY_COLOR,
   STORAGE_KEY_SYNC,
   STORAGE_KEY_TERM_THEME,
+  STORAGE_KEY_TERM_FOLLOW_APP_THEME,
   STORAGE_KEY_THEME,
   STORAGE_KEY_TERM_FONT_FAMILY,
   STORAGE_KEY_TERM_FONT_SIZE,
@@ -33,10 +34,13 @@ import {
   STORAGE_KEY_GLOBAL_HOTKEY_ENABLED,
   STORAGE_KEY_AUTO_UPDATE_ENABLED,
   STORAGE_KEY_WORKSPACE_FOCUS_STYLE,
-
+  STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_RECENT_HOSTS,
+  STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_ONLY_UNGROUPED_HOSTS_IN_ROOT,
+  STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_SFTP_TAB,
 } from '../../infrastructure/config/storageKeys';
 import { DEFAULT_UI_LOCALE, resolveSupportedLocale } from '../../infrastructure/config/i18n';
 import { TERMINAL_THEMES } from '../../infrastructure/config/terminalThemes';
+import { getTerminalThemeForUiTheme } from '../../domain/terminalAppearance';
 import { customThemeStore, useCustomThemes } from '../state/customThemeStore';
 import { DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE } from '../../infrastructure/config/fonts';
 import { DARK_UI_THEMES, LIGHT_UI_THEMES, UiThemeTokens, getUiThemeById } from '../../infrastructure/config/uiThemes';
@@ -69,6 +73,9 @@ const DEFAULT_SFTP_SHOW_HIDDEN_FILES = false;
 const DEFAULT_SFTP_USE_COMPRESSED_UPLOAD = true;
 const DEFAULT_SFTP_AUTO_OPEN_SIDEBAR = false;
 const DEFAULT_SFTP_DEFAULT_VIEW_MODE: 'list' | 'tree' = 'list';
+const DEFAULT_SHOW_RECENT_HOSTS = true;
+const DEFAULT_SHOW_ONLY_UNGROUPED_HOSTS_IN_ROOT = false;
+const DEFAULT_SHOW_SFTP_TAB = true;
 
 // Editor defaults
 const DEFAULT_EDITOR_WORD_WRAP = false;
@@ -195,6 +202,17 @@ export const useSettingsState = () => {
   });
   const [syncConfig, setSyncConfig] = useState<SyncConfig | null>(() => localStorageAdapter.read<SyncConfig>(STORAGE_KEY_SYNC));
   const [terminalThemeId, setTerminalThemeId] = useState<string>(() => localStorageAdapter.readString(STORAGE_KEY_TERM_THEME) || DEFAULT_TERMINAL_THEME);
+  const [followAppTerminalTheme, setFollowAppTerminalThemeState] = useState<boolean>(() => {
+    const stored = localStorageAdapter.readString(STORAGE_KEY_TERM_FOLLOW_APP_THEME);
+    if (stored !== null) return stored === 'true';
+    // First time seeing this key. For genuinely fresh installs (no existing
+    // terminal theme in storage) default ON so the terminal matches the app
+    // theme out of the box. For upgrades from an older version (existing
+    // terminal theme present) default OFF to avoid silently overriding the
+    // user's manual choice.
+    const isUpgrade = !!localStorageAdapter.readString(STORAGE_KEY_TERM_THEME);
+    return !isUpgrade;
+  });
   const [terminalFontFamilyId, setTerminalFontFamilyId] = useState<string>(() => localStorageAdapter.readString(STORAGE_KEY_TERM_FONT_FAMILY) || DEFAULT_FONT_FAMILY);
   const [terminalFontSize, setTerminalFontSize] = useState<number>(() => localStorageAdapter.readNumber(STORAGE_KEY_TERM_FONT_SIZE) || DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE);
   const [uiLanguage, setUiLanguage] = useState<UILanguage>(() => {
@@ -247,6 +265,18 @@ export const useSettingsState = () => {
     const stored = readStoredString(STORAGE_KEY_SFTP_DEFAULT_VIEW_MODE);
     return (stored === 'list' || stored === 'tree') ? stored : DEFAULT_SFTP_DEFAULT_VIEW_MODE;
   });
+  const [showRecentHosts, setShowRecentHostsState] = useState<boolean>(() => {
+    const stored = localStorageAdapter.readBoolean(STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_RECENT_HOSTS);
+    return stored ?? DEFAULT_SHOW_RECENT_HOSTS;
+  });
+  const [showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot, setShowOnlyUngroupedHostsInRootState] = useState<boolean>(() => {
+    const stored = localStorageAdapter.readBoolean(STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_ONLY_UNGROUPED_HOSTS_IN_ROOT);
+    return stored ?? DEFAULT_SHOW_ONLY_UNGROUPED_HOSTS_IN_ROOT;
+  });
+  const [showSftpTab, setShowSftpTabState] = useState<boolean>(() => {
+    const stored = localStorageAdapter.readBoolean(STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_SFTP_TAB);
+    return stored ?? DEFAULT_SHOW_SFTP_TAB;
+  });
   const [sftpTransferConcurrency, setSftpTransferConcurrencyState] = useState<number>(() => {
     const stored = localStorageAdapter.readNumber(STORAGE_KEY_SFTP_TRANSFER_CONCURRENCY);
     return stored != null && stored >= 1 && stored <= 16 ? stored : 4;
@@ -450,6 +480,12 @@ export const useSettingsState = () => {
     if (storedAutoOpenSidebar === 'true' || storedAutoOpenSidebar === 'false') setSftpAutoOpenSidebar(storedAutoOpenSidebar === 'true');
     const storedDefaultViewMode = readStoredString(STORAGE_KEY_SFTP_DEFAULT_VIEW_MODE);
     if (storedDefaultViewMode === 'list' || storedDefaultViewMode === 'tree') setSftpDefaultViewMode(storedDefaultViewMode);
+    const storedShowRecentHosts = localStorageAdapter.readBoolean(STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_RECENT_HOSTS);
+    setShowRecentHostsState(storedShowRecentHosts ?? DEFAULT_SHOW_RECENT_HOSTS);
+    const storedShowOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot = localStorageAdapter.readBoolean(STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_ONLY_UNGROUPED_HOSTS_IN_ROOT);
+    setShowOnlyUngroupedHostsInRootState(storedShowOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot ?? DEFAULT_SHOW_ONLY_UNGROUPED_HOSTS_IN_ROOT);
+    const storedShowSftpTab = localStorageAdapter.readBoolean(STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_SFTP_TAB);
+    setShowSftpTabState(storedShowSftpTab ?? DEFAULT_SHOW_SFTP_TAB);
 
     // Workspace focus style
     const storedFocusStyle = readStoredString(STORAGE_KEY_WORKSPACE_FOCUS_STYLE);
@@ -539,6 +575,10 @@ export const useSettingsState = () => {
       if (key === STORAGE_KEY_TERM_THEME && typeof value === 'string') {
         setTerminalThemeId(value);
       }
+      if (key === STORAGE_KEY_TERM_FOLLOW_APP_THEME) {
+        const next = value === true || value === 'true';
+        setFollowAppTerminalThemeState((prev) => (prev === next ? prev : next));
+      }
       if (key === STORAGE_KEY_TERM_FONT_FAMILY && typeof value === 'string') {
         setTerminalFontFamilyId(value);
       }
@@ -642,18 +682,20 @@ export const useSettingsState = () => {
   const settingsSnapshotRef = useRef({
     theme, lightUiThemeId, darkUiThemeId, accentMode, customAccent,
     customCSS, uiFontFamilyId, hotkeyScheme, uiLanguage,
-    terminalThemeId, terminalFontFamilyId, terminalFontSize,
+    terminalThemeId, followAppTerminalTheme, terminalFontFamilyId, terminalFontSize,
     sftpDoubleClickBehavior, sftpAutoSync, sftpShowHiddenFiles,
     sftpUseCompressedUpload, sftpAutoOpenSidebar, sftpDefaultViewMode,
+    showRecentHosts, showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot, showSftpTab,
     editorWordWrap, sessionLogsEnabled, sessionLogsDir, sessionLogsFormat,
     globalHotkeyEnabled, autoUpdateEnabled,
   });
   settingsSnapshotRef.current = {
     theme, lightUiThemeId, darkUiThemeId, accentMode, customAccent,
     customCSS, uiFontFamilyId, hotkeyScheme, uiLanguage,
-    terminalThemeId, terminalFontFamilyId, terminalFontSize,
+    terminalThemeId, followAppTerminalTheme, terminalFontFamilyId, terminalFontSize,
     sftpDoubleClickBehavior, sftpAutoSync, sftpShowHiddenFiles,
     sftpUseCompressedUpload, sftpAutoOpenSidebar, sftpDefaultViewMode,
+    showRecentHosts, showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot, showSftpTab,
     editorWordWrap, sessionLogsEnabled, sessionLogsDir, sessionLogsFormat,
     globalHotkeyEnabled, autoUpdateEnabled,
   };
@@ -732,6 +774,13 @@ export const useSettingsState = () => {
           setTerminalThemeId(e.newValue);
         }
       }
+      // Sync follow-app-theme toggle from other windows
+      if (e.key === STORAGE_KEY_TERM_FOLLOW_APP_THEME && e.newValue) {
+        const next = e.newValue === 'true';
+        if (next !== s.followAppTerminalTheme) {
+          setFollowAppTerminalThemeState(next);
+        }
+      }
       // Sync terminal font family from other windows
       if (e.key === STORAGE_KEY_TERM_FONT_FAMILY && e.newValue) {
         if (e.newValue !== s.terminalFontFamilyId) {
@@ -810,6 +859,24 @@ export const useSettingsState = () => {
           setSftpDefaultViewMode(e.newValue);
         }
       }
+      if (e.key === STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_RECENT_HOSTS && e.newValue !== null) {
+        const newValue = e.newValue === 'true';
+        if (newValue !== s.showRecentHosts) {
+          setShowRecentHostsState(newValue);
+        }
+      }
+      if (e.key === STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_ONLY_UNGROUPED_HOSTS_IN_ROOT && e.newValue !== null) {
+        const newValue = e.newValue === 'true';
+        if (newValue !== s.showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot) {
+          setShowOnlyUngroupedHostsInRootState(newValue);
+        }
+      }
+      if (e.key === STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_SFTP_TAB && e.newValue !== null) {
+        const newValue = e.newValue === 'true';
+        if (newValue !== s.showSftpTab) {
+          setShowSftpTabState(newValue);
+        }
+      }
       // Sync global hotkey enabled setting from other windows
       if (e.key === STORAGE_KEY_GLOBAL_HOTKEY_ENABLED && e.newValue !== null) {
         const newValue = e.newValue === 'true';
@@ -849,6 +916,12 @@ export const useSettingsState = () => {
     notifySettingsChanged(STORAGE_KEY_TERM_THEME, terminalThemeId);
   }, [terminalThemeId, notifySettingsChanged]);
 
+  useEffect(() => {
+    localStorageAdapter.writeString(STORAGE_KEY_TERM_FOLLOW_APP_THEME, String(followAppTerminalTheme));
+    if (!persistMountedRef.current) return;
+    notifySettingsChanged(STORAGE_KEY_TERM_FOLLOW_APP_THEME, String(followAppTerminalTheme));
+  }, [followAppTerminalTheme, notifySettingsChanged]);
+
   useEffect(() => {
     localStorageAdapter.writeString(STORAGE_KEY_TERM_FONT_FAMILY, terminalFontFamilyId);
     if (!persistMountedRef.current) return;
@@ -893,6 +966,27 @@ export const useSettingsState = () => {
     notifySettingsChanged(STORAGE_KEY_HOTKEY_RECORDING, isRecording);
   }, [notifySettingsChanged]);
 
+  const setShowRecentHosts = useCallback((enabled: boolean) => {
+    setShowRecentHostsState(enabled);
+    localStorageAdapter.writeBoolean(STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_RECENT_HOSTS, enabled);
+    if (!persistMountedRef.current) return;
+    notifySettingsChanged(STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_RECENT_HOSTS, enabled);
+  }, [notifySettingsChanged]);
+
+  const setShowOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot = useCallback((enabled: boolean) => {
+    setShowOnlyUngroupedHostsInRootState(enabled);
+    localStorageAdapter.writeBoolean(STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_ONLY_UNGROUPED_HOSTS_IN_ROOT, enabled);
+    if (!persistMountedRef.current) return;
+    notifySettingsChanged(STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_ONLY_UNGROUPED_HOSTS_IN_ROOT, enabled);
+  }, [notifySettingsChanged]);
+
+  const setShowSftpTab = useCallback((enabled: boolean) => {
+    setShowSftpTabState(enabled);
+    localStorageAdapter.writeBoolean(STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_SFTP_TAB, enabled);
+    if (!persistMountedRef.current) return;
+    notifySettingsChanged(STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_SFTP_TAB, enabled);
+  }, [notifySettingsChanged]);
+
   // Apply and persist custom CSS
   useEffect(() => {
     // Always apply CSS to document (needed on mount)
@@ -1116,12 +1210,21 @@ export const useSettingsState = () => {
   // Subscribe to custom theme changes so editing in-place triggers re-render
   const customThemes = useCustomThemes();
 
-  const currentTerminalTheme = useMemo(
-    () => TERMINAL_THEMES.find(t => t.id === terminalThemeId)
+  const currentTerminalTheme = useMemo(() => {
+    // When "Follow Application Theme" is enabled, pick the terminal theme
+    // whose background matches the active UI theme preset.
+    if (followAppTerminalTheme) {
+      const activeUiThemeId = resolvedTheme === 'dark' ? darkUiThemeId : lightUiThemeId;
+      const mapped = getTerminalThemeForUiTheme(activeUiThemeId);
+      if (mapped) {
+        const found = TERMINAL_THEMES.find(t => t.id === mapped);
+        if (found) return found;
+      }
+    }
+    return TERMINAL_THEMES.find(t => t.id === terminalThemeId)
       || customThemes.find(t => t.id === terminalThemeId)
-      || TERMINAL_THEMES[0],
-    [terminalThemeId, customThemes]
-  );
+      || TERMINAL_THEMES[0];
+  }, [terminalThemeId, customThemes, followAppTerminalTheme, resolvedTheme, lightUiThemeId, darkUiThemeId]);
 
   const updateTerminalSetting = useCallback(<K extends keyof TerminalSettings>(
     key: K,
@@ -1156,6 +1259,8 @@ export const useSettingsState = () => {
     setUiLanguage,
     terminalThemeId,
     setTerminalThemeId,
+    followAppTerminalTheme,
+    setFollowAppTerminalTheme: setFollowAppTerminalThemeState,
     currentTerminalTheme,
     terminalFontFamilyId,
     setTerminalFontFamilyId,
@@ -1187,6 +1292,12 @@ export const useSettingsState = () => {
     setSftpAutoOpenSidebar,
     sftpDefaultViewMode,
     setSftpDefaultViewMode,
+    showRecentHosts,
+    setShowRecentHosts,
+    showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot,
+    setShowOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot,
+    showSftpTab,
+    setShowSftpTab,
     sftpTransferConcurrency,
     setSftpTransferConcurrency,
     // Editor Settings
@@ -1225,6 +1336,7 @@ export const useSettingsState = () => {
       terminalThemeId, terminalFontFamilyId, terminalFontSize, terminalSettings,
       customKeyBindings, editorWordWrap,
       sftpDoubleClickBehavior, sftpAutoSync, sftpShowHiddenFiles, sftpUseCompressedUpload, sftpAutoOpenSidebar, sftpDefaultViewMode,
+      showRecentHosts, showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot, showSftpTab,
       customThemes, workspaceFocusStyle,
     ]),
   };

application/state/useTerminalBackend.ts

@@ -128,6 +128,22 @@ export const useTerminalBackend = () => {
     return bridge.getSessionPwd(sessionId);
   }, []);
 
+  const getSessionRemoteInfo = useCallback(async (sessionId: string) => {
+    const bridge = netcattyBridge.get();
+    if (!bridge?.getSessionRemoteInfo) {
+      return { success: false, error: 'getSessionRemoteInfo unavailable' };
+    }
+    return bridge.getSessionRemoteInfo(sessionId);
+  }, []);
+
+  const getSessionDistroInfo = useCallback(async (sessionId: string) => {
+    const bridge = netcattyBridge.get();
+    if (!bridge?.getSessionDistroInfo) {
+      return { success: false, error: 'getSessionDistroInfo unavailable' };
+    }
+    return bridge.getSessionDistroInfo(sessionId);
+  }, []);
+
   const getServerStats = useCallback(async (sessionId: string) => {
     const bridge = netcattyBridge.get();
     if (!bridge?.getServerStats) return { success: false, error: 'getServerStats unavailable' };
@@ -150,6 +166,8 @@ export const useTerminalBackend = () => {
     listSerialPorts,
     execCommand,
     getSessionPwd,
+    getSessionRemoteInfo,
+    getSessionDistroInfo,
     getServerStats,
     writeToSession,
     resizeSession,

application/state/useVaultState.ts

@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ const safeParse = <T,>(value: string | null): T | null => {
 };
 
 export const useVaultState = () => {
+  const [isInitialized, setIsInitialized] = useState(false);
   const [hosts, setHosts] = useState<Host[]>([]);
   const [keys, setKeys] = useState<SSHKey[]>([]);
   const [identities, setIdentities] = useState<Identity[]>([]);
@@ -339,129 +340,133 @@ export const useVaultState = () => {
 
   useEffect(() => {
     const init = async () => {
-      const savedHosts = localStorageAdapter.read<Host[]>(STORAGE_KEY_HOSTS);
+      try {
+        const savedHosts = localStorageAdapter.read<Host[]>(STORAGE_KEY_HOSTS);
 
-      if (savedHosts) {
-        // Capture version before the async gap so that any write occurring
-        // during decryption (storage event, user edit) advances the counter
-        // and causes this stale result to be discarded.
-        const ver = ++hostsWriteVersion.current;
-        const decrypted = await decryptHosts(savedHosts);
-        if (ver === hostsWriteVersion.current) {
-          const sanitized = decrypted.map(sanitizeHost);
-          setHosts(sanitized);
-          encryptHosts(sanitized).then((enc) => {
-            if (ver === hostsWriteVersion.current)
-              localStorageAdapter.write(STORAGE_KEY_HOSTS, enc);
-          });
+        if (savedHosts) {
+          // Capture version before the async gap so that any write occurring
+          // during decryption (storage event, user edit) advances the counter
+          // and causes this stale result to be discarded.
+          const ver = ++hostsWriteVersion.current;
+          const decrypted = await decryptHosts(savedHosts);
+          if (ver === hostsWriteVersion.current) {
+            const sanitized = decrypted.map(sanitizeHost);
+            setHosts(sanitized);
+            encryptHosts(sanitized).then((enc) => {
+              if (ver === hostsWriteVersion.current)
+                localStorageAdapter.write(STORAGE_KEY_HOSTS, enc);
+            });
+          }
+        } else {
+          updateHosts(INITIAL_HOSTS);
         }
-      } else {
-        updateHosts(INITIAL_HOSTS);
-      }
 
-      // Read keys fresh here (not before the hosts await) so we don't apply
-      // a stale snapshot if keys were updated during host decryption.
-      const savedKeysRaw = localStorageAdapter.read<unknown[]>(STORAGE_KEY_KEYS);
+        // Read keys fresh here (not before the hosts await) so we don't apply
+        // a stale snapshot if keys were updated during host decryption.
+        const savedKeysRaw = localStorageAdapter.read<unknown[]>(STORAGE_KEY_KEYS);
 
-      // Migrate old keys to new format with source/category fields
-      if (savedKeysRaw?.length) {
-        const migratedKeys: SSHKey[] = [];
-        const legacyKeys: LegacyKeyRecord[] = [];
+        // Migrate old keys to new format with source/category fields
+        if (savedKeysRaw?.length) {
+          const migratedKeys: SSHKey[] = [];
+          const legacyKeys: LegacyKeyRecord[] = [];
 
-        for (const entry of savedKeysRaw) {
-          const record =
-            entry && typeof entry === "object" ? (entry as LegacyKeyRecord) : null;
-          if (!record) continue;
+          for (const entry of savedKeysRaw) {
+            const record =
+              entry && typeof entry === "object" ? (entry as LegacyKeyRecord) : null;
+            if (!record) continue;
 
-          if (isLegacyUnsupportedKey(record)) {
-            legacyKeys.push(record);
-            continue;
+            if (isLegacyUnsupportedKey(record)) {
+              legacyKeys.push(record);
+              continue;
+            }
+
+            migratedKeys.push(migrateKey(record as Partial<SSHKey>));
           }
 
-          migratedKeys.push(migrateKey(record as Partial<SSHKey>));
+          // Decrypt sensitive fields (passphrase, privateKey)
+          const keyVer = ++keysWriteVersion.current;
+          const decryptedKeys = await decryptKeys(migratedKeys);
+          if (keyVer === keysWriteVersion.current) {
+            setKeys(decryptedKeys);
+            encryptKeys(decryptedKeys).then((enc) => {
+              if (keyVer === keysWriteVersion.current)
+                localStorageAdapter.write(STORAGE_KEY_KEYS, enc);
+            });
+          }
+          if (legacyKeys.length) {
+            localStorageAdapter.write(STORAGE_KEY_LEGACY_KEYS, legacyKeys);
+          }
         }
 
-        // Decrypt sensitive fields (passphrase, privateKey)
-        const keyVer = ++keysWriteVersion.current;
-        const decryptedKeys = await decryptKeys(migratedKeys);
-        if (keyVer === keysWriteVersion.current) {
-          setKeys(decryptedKeys);
-          encryptKeys(decryptedKeys).then((enc) => {
-            if (keyVer === keysWriteVersion.current)
-              localStorageAdapter.write(STORAGE_KEY_KEYS, enc);
-          });
+        // Read identities fresh here (not before the hosts/keys awaits) so we
+        // don't apply a stale snapshot if identities were updated during prior decryption.
+        const savedIdentities =
+          localStorageAdapter.read<Identity[]>(STORAGE_KEY_IDENTITIES);
+        if (savedIdentities) {
+          const idVer = ++identitiesWriteVersion.current;
+          const decryptedIds = await decryptIdentities(savedIdentities);
+          if (idVer === identitiesWriteVersion.current) {
+            setIdentities(decryptedIds);
+            encryptIdentities(decryptedIds).then((enc) => {
+              if (idVer === identitiesWriteVersion.current)
+                localStorageAdapter.write(STORAGE_KEY_IDENTITIES, enc);
+            });
+          }
         }
-        if (legacyKeys.length) {
-          localStorageAdapter.write(STORAGE_KEY_LEGACY_KEYS, legacyKeys);
-        }
-      }
-
-      // Read identities fresh here (not before the hosts/keys awaits) so we
-      // don't apply a stale snapshot if identities were updated during prior decryption.
-      const savedIdentities =
-        localStorageAdapter.read<Identity[]>(STORAGE_KEY_IDENTITIES);
-      if (savedIdentities) {
-        const idVer = ++identitiesWriteVersion.current;
-        const decryptedIds = await decryptIdentities(savedIdentities);
-        if (idVer === identitiesWriteVersion.current) {
-          setIdentities(decryptedIds);
-          encryptIdentities(decryptedIds).then((enc) => {
-            if (idVer === identitiesWriteVersion.current)
-              localStorageAdapter.write(STORAGE_KEY_IDENTITIES, enc);
-          });
-        }
-      }
-
-      // Read remaining non-encrypted data fresh after all async gaps above
-      const savedGroups = localStorageAdapter.read<string[]>(STORAGE_KEY_GROUPS);
-      const savedSnippets =
-        localStorageAdapter.read<Snippet[]>(STORAGE_KEY_SNIPPETS);
-      const savedSnippetPackages = localStorageAdapter.read<string[]>(
-        STORAGE_KEY_SNIPPET_PACKAGES,
-      );
-
-      if (savedSnippets) setSnippets(savedSnippets);
-      else updateSnippets(INITIAL_SNIPPETS);
-
-      if (savedGroups) setCustomGroups(savedGroups);
-      if (savedSnippetPackages) setSnippetPackages(savedSnippetPackages);
-
-      // Load known hosts
-      const savedKnownHosts = localStorageAdapter.read<KnownHost[]>(
-        STORAGE_KEY_KNOWN_HOSTS,
-      );
-      if (savedKnownHosts) setKnownHosts(savedKnownHosts);
-
-      // Load shell history
-      const savedShellHistory = localStorageAdapter.read<ShellHistoryEntry[]>(
-        STORAGE_KEY_SHELL_HISTORY,
-      );
-      if (savedShellHistory) setShellHistory(savedShellHistory);
-
-      // Load connection logs
-      const savedConnectionLogs = localStorageAdapter.read<ConnectionLog[]>(
-        STORAGE_KEY_CONNECTION_LOGS,
-      );
-      if (savedConnectionLogs) setConnectionLogs(savedConnectionLogs);
-
-      // Load managed sources
-      const savedManagedSources = localStorageAdapter.read<ManagedSource[]>(
-        STORAGE_KEY_MANAGED_SOURCES,
-      );
-      if (savedManagedSources) setManagedSources(savedManagedSources);
-
-      // Load group configs
-      const savedGroupConfigs = localStorageAdapter.read<GroupConfig[]>(STORAGE_KEY_GROUP_CONFIGS);
-      if (savedGroupConfigs) {
-        const gcVer = ++groupConfigsWriteVersion.current;
-        const decryptedGC = await decryptGroupConfigs(savedGroupConfigs);
-        if (gcVer === groupConfigsWriteVersion.current) {
-          setGroupConfigs(decryptedGC);
-          encryptGroupConfigs(decryptedGC).then((enc) => {
-            if (gcVer === groupConfigsWriteVersion.current)
-              localStorageAdapter.write(STORAGE_KEY_GROUP_CONFIGS, enc);
-          });
+
+        // Read remaining non-encrypted data fresh after all async gaps above
+        const savedGroups = localStorageAdapter.read<string[]>(STORAGE_KEY_GROUPS);
+        const savedSnippets =
+          localStorageAdapter.read<Snippet[]>(STORAGE_KEY_SNIPPETS);
+        const savedSnippetPackages = localStorageAdapter.read<string[]>(
+          STORAGE_KEY_SNIPPET_PACKAGES,
+        );
+
+        if (savedSnippets) setSnippets(savedSnippets);
+        else updateSnippets(INITIAL_SNIPPETS);
+
+        if (savedGroups) setCustomGroups(savedGroups);
+        if (savedSnippetPackages) setSnippetPackages(savedSnippetPackages);
+
+        // Load known hosts
+        const savedKnownHosts = localStorageAdapter.read<KnownHost[]>(
+          STORAGE_KEY_KNOWN_HOSTS,
+        );
+        if (savedKnownHosts) setKnownHosts(savedKnownHosts);
+
+        // Load shell history
+        const savedShellHistory = localStorageAdapter.read<ShellHistoryEntry[]>(
+          STORAGE_KEY_SHELL_HISTORY,
+        );
+        if (savedShellHistory) setShellHistory(savedShellHistory);
+
+        // Load connection logs
+        const savedConnectionLogs = localStorageAdapter.read<ConnectionLog[]>(
+          STORAGE_KEY_CONNECTION_LOGS,
+        );
+        if (savedConnectionLogs) setConnectionLogs(savedConnectionLogs);
+
+        // Load managed sources
+        const savedManagedSources = localStorageAdapter.read<ManagedSource[]>(
+          STORAGE_KEY_MANAGED_SOURCES,
+        );
+        if (savedManagedSources) setManagedSources(savedManagedSources);
+
+        // Load group configs
+        const savedGroupConfigs = localStorageAdapter.read<GroupConfig[]>(STORAGE_KEY_GROUP_CONFIGS);
+        if (savedGroupConfigs) {
+          const gcVer = ++groupConfigsWriteVersion.current;
+          const decryptedGC = await decryptGroupConfigs(savedGroupConfigs);
+          if (gcVer === groupConfigsWriteVersion.current) {
+            setGroupConfigs(decryptedGC);
+            encryptGroupConfigs(decryptedGC).then((enc) => {
+              if (gcVer === groupConfigsWriteVersion.current)
+                localStorageAdapter.write(STORAGE_KEY_GROUP_CONFIGS, enc);
+            });
+          }
         }
+      } finally {
+        setIsInitialized(true);
       }
     };
 
@@ -657,6 +662,7 @@ export const useVaultState = () => {
   );
 
   return {
+    isInitialized,
     hosts,
     keys,
     identities,

application/syncPayload.ts

@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@ import {
   STORAGE_KEY_SFTP_GLOBAL_BOOKMARKS,
   STORAGE_KEY_CUSTOM_THEMES,
   STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_RECENT_HOSTS,
+  STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_ONLY_UNGROUPED_HOSTS_IN_ROOT,
+  STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_SFTP_TAB,
 } from '../infrastructure/config/storageKeys';
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -61,6 +63,29 @@ export interface SyncableVaultData {
   groupConfigs?: GroupConfig[];
 }
 
+/**
+ * Returns true when the payload contains any meaningful user data worth
+ * protecting or syncing.
+ */
+export function hasMeaningfulSyncData(payload: SyncPayload): boolean {
+  const hasEntities =
+    (payload.hosts?.length ?? 0) > 0 ||
+    (payload.keys?.length ?? 0) > 0 ||
+    (payload.snippets?.length ?? 0) > 0 ||
+    (payload.identities?.length ?? 0) > 0 ||
+    (payload.customGroups?.length ?? 0) > 0 ||
+    (payload.snippetPackages?.length ?? 0) > 0 ||
+    (payload.portForwardingRules?.length ?? 0) > 0 ||
+    (payload.knownHosts?.length ?? 0) > 0 ||
+    (payload.groupConfigs?.length ?? 0) > 0;
+
+  if (hasEntities) return true;
+
+  return Boolean(
+    payload.settings && Object.values(payload.settings).some((value) => value !== undefined),
+  );
+}
+
 /** Callbacks used by `applySyncPayload` to import data into local state. */
 interface SyncPayloadImporters {
   /** Import vault data (hosts, keys, identities, snippets, customGroups, snippetPackages, knownHosts). */
@@ -83,7 +108,8 @@ const SYNCABLE_TERMINAL_KEYS = [
   'smoothScrolling',
   'rightClickBehavior', 'copyOnSelect', 'middleClickPaste', 'wordSeparators',
   'linkModifier', 'keywordHighlightEnabled', 'keywordHighlightRules',
-  'keepaliveInterval', 'disableBracketedPaste', 'osc52Clipboard',
+  'keepaliveInterval', 'disableBracketedPaste', 'clearWipesScrollback',
+  'preserveSelectionOnInput', 'osc52Clipboard',
   'autocompleteEnabled', 'autocompleteGhostText', 'autocompletePopupMenu',
   'autocompleteDebounceMs', 'autocompleteMinChars', 'autocompleteMaxSuggestions',
 ] as const;
@@ -173,6 +199,10 @@ export function collectSyncableSettings(): SyncPayload['settings'] {
 
   const showRecent = localStorageAdapter.readBoolean(STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_RECENT_HOSTS);
   if (showRecent != null) settings.showRecentHosts = showRecent;
+  const showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot = localStorageAdapter.readBoolean(STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_ONLY_UNGROUPED_HOSTS_IN_ROOT);
+  if (showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot != null) settings.showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot = showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot;
+  const showSftpTab = localStorageAdapter.readBoolean(STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_SFTP_TAB);
+  if (showSftpTab != null) settings.showSftpTab = showSftpTab;
 
   return Object.keys(settings).length > 0 ? settings : undefined;
 }
@@ -238,6 +268,15 @@ function applySyncableSettings(settings: NonNullable<SyncPayload['settings']>):
 
   // Immersive mode (legacy — always enabled, ignore incoming value)
   if (settings.showRecentHosts != null) localStorageAdapter.writeBoolean(STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_RECENT_HOSTS, settings.showRecentHosts);
+  if (settings.showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot != null) {
+    localStorageAdapter.writeBoolean(
+      STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_ONLY_UNGROUPED_HOSTS_IN_ROOT,
+      settings.showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot,
+    );
+  }
+  if (settings.showSftpTab != null) {
+    localStorageAdapter.writeBoolean(STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_SFTP_TAB, settings.showSftpTab);
+  }
 }
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

components/AppLogo.tsx

@@ -1,38 +1,58 @@
 import React from 'react';
 
 interface AppLogoProps {
-    className?: string;
+  className?: string;
 }
 
-/**
- * App logo component that dynamically uses the accent color (--primary CSS variable).
- * The original logo.svg file remains unchanged; this component renders an inline SVG
- * with colors bound to the current theme's accent color.
- */
 export const AppLogo: React.FC<AppLogoProps> = ({ className }) => (
-    <svg viewBox="0 0 64 64" className={className}>
-        {/* Main background - uses accent color */}
-        <rect x="4" y="4" width="56" height="56" rx="12" fill="hsl(var(--primary))" />
-        {/* Terminal window */}
-        <rect x="14" y="17" width="36" height="24" rx="4" fill="white" />
-        {/* Title bar - light accent tint */}
-        <rect x="14" y="17" width="36" height="5" rx="4" fill="hsl(var(--primary) / 0.15)" />
-        {/* Window buttons */}
-        <circle cx="18" cy="19.5" r="1" fill="hsl(var(--primary))" />
-        <circle cx="22" cy="19.5" r="1" fill="hsl(var(--primary))" opacity="0.7" />
-        <circle cx="26" cy="19.5" r="1" fill="hsl(var(--primary))" opacity="0.5" />
-        {/* Terminal prompt arrow */}
-        <path d="M20 32 L24 30 L20 28" stroke="hsl(var(--primary))" fill="none" strokeWidth="1.6" />
-        {/* Cursor line */}
-        <path d="M28 34 H34" stroke="hsl(var(--primary))" strokeWidth="1.6" />
-        {/* Cat ears */}
-        <path d="M24 17 L26 12 L28 17Z" fill="white" />
-        <path d="M36 17 L38 12 L40 17Z" fill="white" />
-        {/* Cat tail */}
-        <path d="M40 37 C44 40,46 42,46 46 C46 49,44 51,41 51" stroke="white" fill="none" strokeWidth="3.2" />
-        {/* Connector/plug */}
-        <rect x="38" y="48" width="6" height="5" rx="1" fill="white" stroke="hsl(var(--primary))" />
-    </svg>
+  <svg
+    viewBox="0 0 1024 1024"
+    xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+    className={className}
+  >
+    <rect
+      x="0"
+      y="0"
+      width="1024"
+      height="1024"
+      rx="192"
+      ry="192"
+      fill="hsl(var(--primary))"
+    />
+    <g transform="translate(85.64 85.64) scale(0.68)">
+      <g><path style={{opacity:1}} fill="#f9f9f9" d="M 618.5,240.5 C 647.925,240.677 677.258,242.344 706.5,245.5C 753.323,252.113 798.49,265.113 842,284.5C 870.064,257.538 902.23,236.704 938.5,222C 966.969,211.263 988.469,219.096 1003,245.5C 1011.08,263.079 1016.75,281.412 1020,300.5C 1022.13,320.204 1024.29,339.871 1026.5,359.5C 1026.17,379.674 1026.5,399.674 1027.5,419.5C 1072.74,473.648 1102.74,535.314 1117.5,604.5C 1117.29,607.495 1117.96,610.162 1119.5,612.5C 1126.08,656.83 1126.08,701.163 1119.5,745.5C 1118.23,747.905 1117.57,750.572 1117.5,753.5C 1107.38,802.706 1088.05,847.872 1059.5,889C 1053.04,888.572 1046.71,887.405 1040.5,885.5C 1036.79,883.864 1032.79,883.198 1028.5,883.5C 1011.79,881.938 995.122,882.271 978.5,884.5C 975.572,884.565 972.905,885.232 970.5,886.5C 928.686,895.489 896.519,918.156 874,954.5C 864.791,970.962 859.958,988.628 859.5,1007.5C 793.269,1029.39 725.269,1041.72 655.5,1044.5C 633.833,1044.5 612.167,1044.5 590.5,1044.5C 524.821,1041.8 460.821,1029.63 398.5,1008C 396.254,996.177 393.421,984.344 390,972.5C 387.524,964.881 384.024,957.881 379.5,951.5C 363.815,925.334 341.815,906.667 313.5,895.5C 297.343,888.573 280.343,884.406 262.5,883C 248.055,882.038 233.722,882.538 219.5,884.5C 216.572,884.565 213.905,885.232 211.5,886.5C 211.167,886.5 210.833,886.5 210.5,886.5C 207.848,886.41 205.515,887.076 203.5,888.5C 200.823,889.614 198.156,889.614 195.5,888.5C 149.432,819.968 128.098,744.301 131.5,661.5C 131.502,654.48 131.835,647.48 132.5,640.5C 133.461,638.735 133.795,636.735 133.5,634.5C 135.136,630.79 135.802,626.79 135.5,622.5C 137.764,609.333 140.431,596.333 143.5,583.5C 144.924,581.485 145.59,579.152 145.5,576.5C 156.228,537.714 172.395,501.381 194,467.5C 204.685,451.452 215.852,435.786 227.5,420.5C 228.042,388.62 229.375,356.62 231.5,324.5C 234.549,300.253 240.382,276.586 249,253.5C 253.868,241.906 261.035,232.073 270.5,224C 279.336,218.042 289.002,216.042 299.5,218C 314.655,220.607 328.988,225.607 342.5,233C 368.29,247.23 391.957,264.396 413.5,284.5C 478.68,255.797 547.014,241.13 618.5,240.5 Z"/></g>
+      <g><path style={{opacity:1}} fill="#1f2657" d="M 706.5,245.5 C 677.258,242.344 647.925,240.677 618.5,240.5C 649.662,238.284 680.995,239.784 712.5,245C 710.527,245.495 708.527,245.662 706.5,245.5 Z"/></g>
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+      <g><path style={{opacity:1}} fill="#7581a0" d="M 706.5,791.5 C 705.737,792.268 704.737,792.768 703.5,793C 695.323,793.823 687.323,793.656 679.5,792.5C 688.533,792.716 697.533,792.383 706.5,791.5 Z"/></g>
+      <g><path style={{opacity:1}} fill="#a7aec3" d="M 1028.5,883.5 C 1032.79,883.198 1036.79,883.864 1040.5,885.5C 1036.29,885.283 1032.29,884.617 1028.5,883.5 Z"/></g>
+      <g><path style={{opacity:1}} fill="#f9f9f9" d="M 233.5,904.5 C 242.833,904.5 252.167,904.5 261.5,904.5C 263.833,904.5 266.167,904.5 268.5,904.5C 304.989,908.827 334.489,925.494 357,954.5C 374.323,977.781 379.323,1003.45 372,1031.5C 365.153,1050.01 351.986,1060.85 332.5,1064C 324.173,1064.5 315.84,1064.67 307.5,1064.5C 307.947,1050.43 307.447,1036.43 306,1022.5C 296.93,1011.58 288.263,1011.91 280,1023.5C 279.833,1038.51 279.333,1053.51 278.5,1068.5C 271.841,1075.83 263.508,1080 253.5,1081C 248.845,1081.5 244.179,1081.67 239.5,1081.5C 237.485,1080.08 235.152,1079.41 232.5,1079.5C 225.481,1077.32 219.315,1073.66 214,1068.5C 213.667,1053.5 213.333,1038.5 213,1023.5C 208.464,1016.16 201.964,1013.66 193.5,1016C 190.333,1017.83 187.833,1020.33 186,1023.5C 185.5,1037.83 185.333,1052.16 185.5,1066.5C 160.376,1072.2 140.21,1064.86 125,1044.5C 120.792,1037.38 118.292,1029.71 117.5,1021.5C 117.482,1013.15 117.815,1004.82 118.5,996.5C 129.171,955.493 154.504,927.826 194.5,913.5C 200.166,912.61 205.5,910.943 210.5,908.5C 211.568,907.566 212.901,907.232 214.5,907.5C 221.111,907.453 227.444,906.453 233.5,904.5 Z"/></g>
+      <g><path style={{opacity:1}} fill="#f8f8f9" d="M 1133.5,985.5 C 1133.41,988.152 1134.08,990.485 1135.5,992.5C 1136.26,1002.48 1136.59,1012.48 1136.5,1022.5C 1133.68,1047.82 1119.68,1062.66 1094.5,1067C 1086.48,1067.61 1078.48,1067.44 1070.5,1066.5C 1070.67,1052.83 1070.5,1039.16 1070,1025.5C 1066.12,1016.96 1059.62,1013.79 1050.5,1016C 1047.33,1017.83 1044.83,1020.33 1043,1023.5C 1042.67,1038.17 1042.33,1052.83 1042,1067.5C 1035.97,1075.1 1028.14,1079.43 1018.5,1080.5C 1013.2,1081.27 1007.87,1081.61 1002.5,1081.5C 991.789,1080.39 982.955,1075.73 976,1067.5C 975.667,1052.83 975.333,1038.17 975,1023.5C 971.569,1017.53 966.402,1014.87 959.5,1015.5C 953.942,1016.72 950.275,1020.06 948.5,1025.5C 947.505,1037.99 947.171,1050.66 947.5,1063.5C 946.209,1063.26 945.209,1063.6 944.5,1064.5C 903.542,1067.19 882.208,1048.02 880.5,1007C 880.658,1002.81 880.991,998.641 881.5,994.5C 883.277,991.495 884.277,988.162 884.5,984.5C 894.73,953.43 914.73,930.93 944.5,917C 978.246,903.385 1012.91,900.718 1048.5,909C 1082.5,918.575 1108.67,938.409 1127,968.5C 1129.86,973.928 1132.03,979.595 1133.5,985.5 Z"/></g>
+      <g><path style={{opacity:1}} fill="#adb2c9" d="M 233.5,904.5 C 227.444,906.453 221.111,907.453 214.5,907.5C 220.536,905.419 226.869,904.419 233.5,904.5 Z"/></g>
+      <g><path style={{opacity:1}} fill="#bec4d7" d="M 210.5,908.5 C 205.5,910.943 200.166,912.61 194.5,913.5C 199.5,911.057 204.834,909.39 210.5,908.5 Z"/></g>
+      <g><path style={{opacity:1}} fill="#9ba0b8" d="M 884.5,984.5 C 884.277,988.162 883.277,991.495 881.5,994.5C 881.723,990.838 882.723,987.505 884.5,984.5 Z"/></g>
+      <g><path style={{opacity:1}} fill="#9aa5bc" d="M 1133.5,985.5 C 1134.92,987.515 1135.59,989.848 1135.5,992.5C 1134.08,990.485 1133.41,988.152 1133.5,985.5 Z"/></g>
+      <g><path style={{opacity:1}} fill="#adb1c6" d="M 118.5,996.5 C 117.815,1004.82 117.482,1013.15 117.5,1021.5C 116.835,1018.69 116.502,1015.69 116.5,1012.5C 116.429,1006.93 117.096,1001.6 118.5,996.5 Z"/></g>
+      <g><path style={{opacity:1}} fill="#c9d0dc" d="M 1135.5,992.5 C 1136.96,998.434 1137.63,1004.6 1137.5,1011C 1137.5,1015.02 1137.17,1018.85 1136.5,1022.5C 1136.59,1012.48 1136.26,1002.48 1135.5,992.5 Z"/></g>
+      <g><path style={{opacity:1}} fill="#b5bfcb" d="M 948.5,1025.5 C 948.5,1038.5 948.5,1051.5 948.5,1064.5C 947.167,1064.5 945.833,1064.5 944.5,1064.5C 945.209,1063.6 946.209,1063.26 947.5,1063.5C 947.171,1050.66 947.505,1037.99 948.5,1025.5 Z"/></g>
+      <g><path style={{opacity:1}} fill="#8193aa" d="M 232.5,1079.5 C 235.152,1079.41 237.485,1080.08 239.5,1081.5C 236.848,1081.59 234.515,1080.92 232.5,1079.5 Z"/></g>
+    </g>
+  </svg>
 );
 
 export default AppLogo;

components/CloudSyncSettings.tsx

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  * - Sync status and conflict resolution
  */
 
-import React, { useState, useCallback, useEffect } from 'react';
+import React, { useState, useCallback, useEffect, useRef } from 'react';
 import {
     AlertTriangle,
     Check,
@@ -17,11 +17,13 @@ import {
     Download,
     Database,
     ExternalLink,
+    FolderOpen,
     Eye,
     EyeOff,
     Github,
     Key,
     Loader2,
+    History,
     RefreshCw,
     Settings,
     Server,
@@ -31,11 +33,19 @@ import {
     X,
 } from 'lucide-react';
 import { useCloudSync } from '../application/state/useCloudSync';
+import { useLocalVaultBackups } from '../application/state/useLocalVaultBackups';
+import {
+    MAX_LOCAL_VAULT_BACKUP_MAX_COUNT,
+    MIN_LOCAL_VAULT_BACKUP_MAX_COUNT,
+    withRestoreBarrier,
+} from '../application/localVaultBackups';
 import { useI18n } from '../application/i18n/I18nProvider';
 import {
     findSyncPayloadEncryptedCredentialPaths,
 } from '../domain/credentials';
-import { isProviderReadyForSync, type CloudProvider, type ConflictInfo, type SyncPayload, type WebDAVAuthType, type WebDAVConfig, type S3Config } from '../domain/sync';
+import { isProviderReadyForSync, type CloudProvider, type ConflictInfo, type SyncPayload, type SyncResult, type WebDAVAuthType, type WebDAVConfig, type S3Config } from '../domain/sync';
+import type { ShrinkFinding } from '../domain/syncGuards';
+import { SyncBlockedBanner } from './sync/SyncBlockedBanner';
 import { cn } from '../lib/utils';
 import { Button } from './ui/button';
 import { Dialog, DialogContent, DialogDescription, DialogFooter, DialogHeader, DialogTitle } from './ui/dialog';
@@ -285,6 +295,7 @@ interface ProviderCardProps {
     onCancelConnect?: () => void;
     onDisconnect: () => void;
     onSync: () => void;
+    extraActions?: React.ReactNode;
 }
 
 const ProviderCard: React.FC<ProviderCardProps> = ({
@@ -303,6 +314,7 @@ const ProviderCard: React.FC<ProviderCardProps> = ({
     onCancelConnect,
     onDisconnect,
     onSync,
+    extraActions,
 }) => {
     const { t } = useI18n();
     const formatLastSync = (timestamp?: number): string => {
@@ -395,6 +407,7 @@ const ProviderCard: React.FC<ProviderCardProps> = ({
                             )}
                             {t('cloudSync.provider.sync')}
                         </Button>
+                        {extraActions}
                         {onEdit && (
                             <Button
                                 size="sm"
@@ -624,10 +637,421 @@ const ConflictModal: React.FC<ConflictModalProps> = ({
 
 interface SyncDashboardProps {
     onBuildPayload: () => SyncPayload;
-    onApplyPayload: (payload: SyncPayload) => void;
+    onApplyPayload: (payload: SyncPayload) => void | Promise<void>;
     onClearLocalData?: () => void;
 }
 
+interface LocalBackupsPanelProps {
+    onApplyPayload: (payload: SyncPayload) => void | Promise<void>;
+    /**
+     * When true, the panel hides the Restore button entirely — e.g. while the
+     * master key has not been configured yet, a restore would land credentials
+     * on disk in plaintext (I3). Listing is still allowed so users can see that
+     * their history exists.
+     */
+    restoreDisabledReason?: 'no-master-key' | null;
+}
+
+const LocalBackupsPanel: React.FC<LocalBackupsPanelProps> = ({
+    onApplyPayload,
+    restoreDisabledReason = null,
+}) => {
+    const { t, resolvedLocale } = useI18n();
+    const {
+        backups,
+        isLoading,
+        maxBackups,
+        encryptionAvailable,
+        refreshBackups,
+        readBackup,
+        setMaxBackups,
+        openBackupDirectory,
+    } = useLocalVaultBackups();
+    const [maxBackupsInput, setMaxBackupsInput] = useState(String(maxBackups));
+    const [isSavingMaxBackups, setIsSavingMaxBackups] = useState(false);
+    const [restoringBackupId, setRestoringBackupId] = useState<string | null>(null);
+    // Backup chosen in the list but not yet confirmed. A two-step flow keeps
+    // users from wiping their vault with a single accidental click (I2).
+    const [pendingRestoreBackup, setPendingRestoreBackup] = useState<
+        (typeof backups)[number] | null
+    >(null);
+
+    useEffect(() => {
+        setMaxBackupsInput(String(maxBackups));
+    }, [maxBackups]);
+
+    const formatTimestamp = (timestamp: number) =>
+        new Date(timestamp).toLocaleString(resolvedLocale || undefined);
+
+    const getReasonLabel = (reason: 'app_version_change' | 'before_restore') =>
+        reason === 'app_version_change'
+            ? t('cloudSync.localBackups.reason.appVersionChange')
+            : t('cloudSync.localBackups.reason.beforeRestore');
+
+    const handleSaveMaxBackups = async () => {
+        // Validate BEFORE calling setMaxBackups, which hands off to the
+        // renderer's `sanitizeLocalVaultBackupMaxCount` clamp. Two failure
+        // modes must be surfaced rather than silently clamped, because
+        // both produce a misleading "saved" toast:
+        //
+        //   1. Empty / non-numeric input — `Number("")` coerces to 0 and
+        //      sanitize clamps to the default (20). A user who meant to
+        //      clear the field then re-type would see their retention
+        //      silently reset to 20 with a success message.
+        //
+        //   2. Out-of-range input (e.g. 500) — sanitize clamps to 100 and
+        //      still reports success, but the visible error string says
+        //      "between 1 and 100", so the user has no idea their value
+        //      was changed. Reject explicitly instead.
+        //
+        // The 1..MAX range check mirrors the main-process `sanitizeMaxCount`
+        // in vaultBackupBridge.cjs so renderer and bridge agree.
+        const parsed = Number(maxBackupsInput);
+        const inRange =
+            Number.isFinite(parsed) &&
+            parsed >= MIN_LOCAL_VAULT_BACKUP_MAX_COUNT &&
+            parsed <= MAX_LOCAL_VAULT_BACKUP_MAX_COUNT;
+        if (!inRange || maxBackupsInput.trim() === '') {
+            toast.error(
+                t('cloudSync.localBackups.maxInvalid'),
+                t('sync.toast.errorTitle'),
+            );
+            return;
+        }
+        setIsSavingMaxBackups(true);
+        try {
+            const next = await setMaxBackups(parsed);
+            setMaxBackupsInput(String(next));
+            toast.success(t('cloudSync.localBackups.maxSaved', { count: String(next) }));
+        } catch (error) {
+            toast.error(
+                error instanceof Error ? error.message : t('common.unknownError'),
+                t('sync.toast.errorTitle'),
+            );
+        } finally {
+            setIsSavingMaxBackups(false);
+        }
+    };
+
+    const handleOpenBackupDirectory = async () => {
+        try {
+            await openBackupDirectory();
+        } catch (error) {
+            toast.error(
+                error instanceof Error ? error.message : t('common.unknownError'),
+                t('sync.toast.errorTitle'),
+            );
+        }
+    };
+
+    const performRestore = async (backupId: string) => {
+        setRestoringBackupId(backupId);
+        try {
+            // Hold the cross-window restore barrier around both the load
+            // and the apply so another window's auto-sync cannot push a
+            // pre-restore snapshot concurrently. See `withRestoreBarrier`
+            // in application/localVaultBackups.ts for the read-side in
+            // useAutoSync.
+            //
+            // In-memory React state refresh is implicit: `onApplyPayload`
+            // (supplied by the hosting screen) routes through
+            // `applySyncPayload` → `importDataFromString` → store writes
+            // → the hook-store listeners in `useVaultState` /
+            // `useCustomThemes` / etc. We do NOT explicitly re-pull host
+            // lists here because a future refactor that decouples those
+            // stores from the apply path would silently break the UI
+            // refresh in a way that's only visible after a manual
+            // restart. Any change to that chain must either preserve
+            // store-listener notification OR add an explicit
+            // `rehydrateAllFromStorage` call here — do not assume
+            // restore is "just" a payload swap.
+            await withRestoreBarrier(async () => {
+                const detail = await readBackup(backupId);
+                if (!detail) {
+                    throw new Error(t('cloudSync.localBackups.restoreMissing'));
+                }
+                await Promise.resolve(onApplyPayload(detail.payload));
+            });
+            await refreshBackups();
+            toast.success(t('cloudSync.localBackups.restoreSuccess'));
+        } catch (error) {
+            toast.error(
+                error instanceof Error ? error.message : t('common.unknownError'),
+                t('cloudSync.localBackups.restoreFailedTitle'),
+            );
+        } finally {
+            setRestoringBackupId(null);
+        }
+    };
+
+    const restoreAllowed = restoreDisabledReason === null;
+    // While encryptionAvailable is still `null` we're mid-probe — render the
+    // restore button as disabled so the user never sees a path they can't
+    // actually take (I1 surface). Once resolved, `false` hides the panel body
+    // via the unavailable banner below.
+    const encryptionResolved = encryptionAvailable !== null;
+    const encryptionUsable = encryptionAvailable === true;
+
+    // safeStorage probe finished and returned "not available" → disable the
+    // panel entirely; the main process refuses to write in this state (I1).
+    if (encryptionResolved && !encryptionUsable) {
+        return (
+            <div className="rounded-lg border border-amber-500/30 bg-amber-500/5 p-4 space-y-2">
+                <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-amber-600 dark:text-amber-400">
+                    <AlertTriangle size={16} />
+                    <span className="text-sm font-medium">
+                        {t('cloudSync.localBackups.unavailableTitle')}
+                    </span>
+                </div>
+                <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
+                    {t('cloudSync.localBackups.unavailableDesc')}
+                </div>
+            </div>
+        );
+    }
+
+    return (
+        <div className="space-y-4">
+            <div className="rounded-lg border bg-card p-4">
+                <div className="flex flex-col gap-4 md:flex-row md:items-start md:justify-between">
+                    <div className="max-w-lg">
+                        <div className="text-sm font-medium">{t('cloudSync.localBackups.retentionTitle')}</div>
+                        <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mt-1">
+                            {t('cloudSync.localBackups.retentionDesc')}
+                        </div>
+                    </div>
+                    <div className="space-y-2 md:min-w-[260px] md:shrink-0">
+                        <div className="flex items-end gap-2 md:justify-end">
+                            <Input
+                                type="number"
+                                min={1}
+                                max={100}
+                                value={maxBackupsInput}
+                                onChange={(e) => setMaxBackupsInput(e.target.value)}
+                                className="w-28"
+                            />
+                            <Button
+                                variant="outline"
+                                onClick={() => void handleSaveMaxBackups()}
+                                disabled={isSavingMaxBackups}
+                                className="gap-2"
+                            >
+                                {isSavingMaxBackups && <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" />}
+                                {t('common.save')}
+                            </Button>
+                        </div>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+            </div>
+
+            {!restoreAllowed && (
+                <div className="rounded-lg border border-amber-500/30 bg-amber-500/5 p-3 text-xs text-muted-foreground">
+                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-amber-600 dark:text-amber-400 mb-1">
+                        <AlertTriangle size={14} />
+                        <span className="font-medium">
+                            {t('cloudSync.localBackups.lockedTitle')}
+                        </span>
+                    </div>
+                    {t('cloudSync.localBackups.lockedDesc')}
+                </div>
+            )}
+
+            <div className="rounded-lg border bg-card p-4 space-y-4">
+                <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-3">
+                    <div>
+                        <div className="text-sm font-medium">{t('cloudSync.localBackups.title')}</div>
+                        <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mt-1">
+                            {t('cloudSync.localBackups.desc')}
+                        </div>
+                    </div>
+                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                        <Button
+                            variant="ghost"
+                            size="sm"
+                            onClick={() => void refreshBackups()}
+                            disabled={isLoading}
+                            className="gap-1"
+                        >
+                            <RefreshCw size={14} className={cn(isLoading && 'animate-spin')} />
+                            {t('settings.system.refresh')}
+                        </Button>
+                        <Button
+                            variant="ghost"
+                            size="sm"
+                            onClick={() => void handleOpenBackupDirectory()}
+                            className="gap-1"
+                        >
+                            <FolderOpen size={14} />
+                            {t('settings.system.openFolder')}
+                        </Button>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+
+                {backups.length === 0 ? (
+                    <div className="rounded-lg border border-dashed border-border/60 p-4 text-sm text-muted-foreground">
+                        {t('cloudSync.localBackups.empty')}
+                    </div>
+                ) : (
+                    <div className="space-y-2">
+                        {backups.map((backup) => (
+                            <div
+                                key={backup.id}
+                                className="flex items-center gap-3 rounded-lg border border-border/60 p-3"
+                            >
+                                <div className="flex-1 min-w-0">
+                                    <div className="text-sm font-medium">
+                                        {backup.syncDataVersion
+                                            ? `v${backup.syncDataVersion}`
+                                            : formatTimestamp(backup.createdAt)}
+                                    </div>
+                                    <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mt-1 flex items-center gap-1 flex-wrap">
+                                        <span>{getReasonLabel(backup.reason)}</span>
+                                        {backup.syncDataVersion && (
+                                            <>
+                                                <span aria-hidden="true">·</span>
+                                                <span>{formatTimestamp(backup.createdAt)}</span>
+                                            </>
+                                        )}
+                                        {backup.sourceAppVersion && backup.targetAppVersion && (
+                                            <>
+                                                <span aria-hidden="true">·</span>
+                                                <span>
+                                                    {t('cloudSync.localBackups.versionChange', {
+                                                        from: backup.sourceAppVersion,
+                                                        to: backup.targetAppVersion,
+                                                    })}
+                                                </span>
+                                            </>
+                                        )}
+                                    </div>
+                                    <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mt-1">
+                                        {t('cloudSync.localBackups.counts', {
+                                            hosts: String(backup.preview.hostCount),
+                                            keys: String(backup.preview.keyCount),
+                                            snippets: String(backup.preview.snippetCount),
+                                        })}
+                                    </div>
+                                </div>
+                                {restoreAllowed && (
+                                    <Button
+                                        size="sm"
+                                        variant="outline"
+                                        onClick={() => setPendingRestoreBackup(backup)}
+                                        // Disable every row while ANY restore is in
+                                        // flight. Each restore runs a full
+                                        // `applyProtectedSyncPayload` — multiple
+                                        // localStorage writes + the apply-in-progress
+                                        // sentinel. `withRestoreBarrier` serializes
+                                        // across windows but does NOT serialize
+                                        // same-window re-entry, so two overlapping
+                                        // clicks here would interleave destructive
+                                        // writes and the second run's sentinel-clear
+                                        // could mask a still-partial first apply.
+                                        disabled={restoringBackupId !== null}
+                                        className="gap-2"
+                                    >
+                                        {restoringBackupId === backup.id ? (
+                                            <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" />
+                                        ) : (
+                                            <Download size={14} />
+                                        )}
+                                        {t('cloudSync.localBackups.restore')}
+                                    </Button>
+                                )}
+                            </div>
+                        ))}
+                    </div>
+                )}
+            </div>
+
+            {/* Restore confirmation dialog (I2). Keeps the destructive action
+                gated behind an explicit second click, mirroring the clear-local
+                dialog elsewhere in this screen. */}
+            <Dialog
+                open={pendingRestoreBackup !== null}
+                onOpenChange={(open) => {
+                    if (!open) setPendingRestoreBackup(null);
+                }}
+            >
+                <DialogContent className="sm:max-w-[440px] z-[70]">
+                    <DialogHeader>
+                        <DialogTitle className="flex items-center gap-2 text-destructive">
+                            <AlertTriangle size={20} />
+                            {t('cloudSync.localBackups.restoreConfirmTitle')}
+                        </DialogTitle>
+                        <DialogDescription>
+                            {t('cloudSync.localBackups.restoreConfirmDesc')}
+                        </DialogDescription>
+                    </DialogHeader>
+                    {pendingRestoreBackup && (
+                        <div className="rounded-lg border border-border/60 bg-muted/30 p-3 text-xs space-y-1">
+                            <div className="font-medium">
+                                {pendingRestoreBackup.syncDataVersion
+                                    ? `v${pendingRestoreBackup.syncDataVersion}`
+                                    : formatTimestamp(pendingRestoreBackup.createdAt)}
+                            </div>
+                            <div className="text-muted-foreground flex items-center gap-1 flex-wrap">
+                                <span>{getReasonLabel(pendingRestoreBackup.reason)}</span>
+                                {pendingRestoreBackup.syncDataVersion && (
+                                    <>
+                                        <span aria-hidden="true">·</span>
+                                        <span>{formatTimestamp(pendingRestoreBackup.createdAt)}</span>
+                                    </>
+                                )}
+                                {pendingRestoreBackup.sourceAppVersion && pendingRestoreBackup.targetAppVersion && (
+                                    <>
+                                        <span aria-hidden="true">·</span>
+                                        <span>
+                                            {t('cloudSync.localBackups.versionChange', {
+                                                from: pendingRestoreBackup.sourceAppVersion,
+                                                to: pendingRestoreBackup.targetAppVersion,
+                                            })}
+                                        </span>
+                                    </>
+                                )}
+                            </div>
+                            <div className="text-muted-foreground">
+                                {t('cloudSync.localBackups.counts', {
+                                    hosts: String(pendingRestoreBackup.preview.hostCount),
+                                    keys: String(pendingRestoreBackup.preview.keyCount),
+                                    snippets: String(pendingRestoreBackup.preview.snippetCount),
+                                })}
+                            </div>
+                        </div>
+                    )}
+                    <DialogFooter className="gap-2 sm:gap-0">
+                        <Button
+                            variant="outline"
+                            onClick={() => setPendingRestoreBackup(null)}
+                            disabled={restoringBackupId !== null}
+                        >
+                            {t('cloudSync.localBackups.restoreConfirmCancel')}
+                        </Button>
+                        <Button
+                            variant="destructive"
+                            onClick={async () => {
+                                const target = pendingRestoreBackup;
+                                if (!target) return;
+                                setPendingRestoreBackup(null);
+                                await performRestore(target.id);
+                            }}
+                            disabled={restoringBackupId !== null}
+                            className="gap-2"
+                        >
+                            {restoringBackupId !== null ? (
+                                <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" />
+                            ) : (
+                                <Download size={14} />
+                            )}
+                            {t('cloudSync.localBackups.restoreConfirmButton')}
+                        </Button>
+                    </DialogFooter>
+                </DialogContent>
+            </Dialog>
+        </div>
+    );
+};
+
 const SyncDashboard: React.FC<SyncDashboardProps> = ({
     onBuildPayload,
     onApplyPayload,
@@ -715,6 +1139,20 @@ const SyncDashboard: React.FC<SyncDashboardProps> = ({
     // Conflict modal
     const [showConflictModal, setShowConflictModal] = useState(false);
 
+    // Gist revision history (#679)
+    const [showHistoryModal, setShowHistoryModal] = useState(false);
+    const [historyRevisions, setHistoryRevisions] = useState<Array<{ version: string; date: Date }>>([]);
+    const [historyLoading, setHistoryLoading] = useState(false);
+    const [historyPreview, setHistoryPreview] = useState<{
+      sha: string;
+      payload: SyncPayload;
+      preview: { hostCount: number; keyCount: number; snippetCount: number; identityCount: number; portForwardingRuleCount: number };
+      deviceName?: string;
+      version?: number;
+    } | null>(null);
+    const [historyPreviewLoading, setHistoryPreviewLoading] = useState(false);
+    const [historyError, setHistoryError] = useState<string | null>(null);
+
     // Change master key dialog
     const [showChangeKeyDialog, setShowChangeKeyDialog] = useState(false);
     const [currentMasterKey, setCurrentMasterKey] = useState('');
@@ -762,6 +1200,17 @@ const SyncDashboard: React.FC<SyncDashboardProps> = ({
     // Clear local data dialog
     const [showClearLocalDialog, setShowClearLocalDialog] = useState(false);
 
+    // Sync-blocked banner (Task 7) + force-push confirmation modal (Task 8)
+    const [blockedFinding, setBlockedFinding] = useState<Extract<ShrinkFinding, { suspicious: true }> | null>(null);
+    const [showForcePushConfirm, setShowForcePushConfirm] = useState(false);
+
+    // Ref for scrolling to LocalBackupsPanel when the banner's Restore button is clicked
+    const localBackupsRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
+
+    // Active tab state — lets the banner's "Restore" button switch to the
+    // local-backups tab without a separate DOM query.
+    const [activeTab, setActiveTab] = useState<'providers' | 'status'>('providers');
+
     const ensureSyncablePayload = useCallback(
         (payload: SyncPayload): boolean => {
             const encryptedCredentialPaths = findSyncPayloadEncryptedCredentialPaths(payload);
@@ -780,6 +1229,35 @@ const SyncDashboard: React.FC<SyncDashboardProps> = ({
         }
     }, [sync.currentConflict]);
 
+    // Subscribe to sync events to show/clear the blocked-shrink banner.
+    // Destructure the stable useCallback reference so the effect runs once on
+    // mount rather than re-subscribing on every render when `sync` object ref changes.
+    const { subscribeToEvents, getShrinkBlockedFinding } = sync;
+
+    // Hydrate from current manager state in case a shrink-block happened
+    // before this component mounted (e.g., auto-sync ran while the user
+    // was on a different tab). Without this, the banner only shows
+    // blocks that occur after Settings is open.
+    useEffect(() => {
+        const existing = getShrinkBlockedFinding();
+        if (existing) {
+            setBlockedFinding(existing);
+        }
+    }, [getShrinkBlockedFinding]);
+
+    useEffect(() => {
+        const unsub = subscribeToEvents((event) => {
+            if (event.type === 'SYNC_BLOCKED_SHRINK') {
+                if (event.finding.suspicious) {
+                    setBlockedFinding(event.finding);
+                }
+            } else if (event.type === 'SYNC_BLOCKED_CLEARED') {
+                setBlockedFinding(null);
+            }
+        });
+        return unsub;
+    }, [subscribeToEvents]);
+
     // If we have a master key but we're still locked (e.g. older installs),
     // prompt once and persist the password via safeStorage.
     useEffect(() => {
@@ -994,7 +1472,7 @@ const SyncDashboard: React.FC<SyncDashboardProps> = ({
             if (result.success) {
                 // Apply merged data if a three-way merge happened
                 if (result.mergedPayload && onApplyPayload) {
-                    onApplyPayload(result.mergedPayload);
+                    await Promise.resolve(onApplyPayload(result.mergedPayload));
                 }
                 toast.success(t('cloudSync.sync.success', { provider }));
             } else if (result.conflictDetected) {
@@ -1012,13 +1490,49 @@ const SyncDashboard: React.FC<SyncDashboardProps> = ({
         try {
             const payload = await sync.resolveConflict(resolution);
             if (payload && resolution === 'USE_REMOTE') {
-                onApplyPayload(payload);
+                // USE_REMOTE applies cloud data over local — same data-loss
+                // shape as a local backup restore, so gate auto-sync in
+                // every other window the same way.
+                await withRestoreBarrier(async () => {
+                    await Promise.resolve(onApplyPayload(payload));
+                });
                 toast.success(t('cloudSync.resolve.downloaded'));
             } else if (resolution === 'USE_LOCAL') {
-                // Re-sync with local data
+                // Re-sync with local data. Hold the same cross-window
+                // restore barrier that USE_REMOTE uses: without it, a
+                // concurrent auto-sync tick in another window can slip
+                // between our conflict resolution and the upload,
+                // producing a second upload path with stale state that
+                // races against this push. USE_LOCAL doesn't mutate the
+                // renderer's in-memory state (no onApplyPayload call), so
+                // the barrier is belt-and-suspenders against the other
+                // window's push, not ours.
                 const localPayload = onBuildPayload();
                 if (!ensureSyncablePayload(localPayload)) return;
-                await sync.syncNow(localPayload);
+
+                let results: Map<CloudProvider, SyncResult> | null = null;
+                await withRestoreBarrier(async () => {
+                    results = await sync.syncNow(localPayload, { overrideShrink: true });
+                });
+
+                if (results) {
+                    // Apply any merged payload BEFORE closing the modal so local state
+                    // reflects what's now on cloud (in case remote changed during the merge).
+                    for (const result of (results as Map<CloudProvider, SyncResult>).values()) {
+                        if (result.mergedPayload) {
+                            await Promise.resolve(onApplyPayload(result.mergedPayload));
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    const allOk = Array.from((results as Map<CloudProvider, SyncResult>).values()).every((r) => r.success);
+                    if (!allOk) {
+                        const firstError = Array.from((results as Map<CloudProvider, SyncResult>).values())
+                            .find((r) => !r.success)?.error
+                            ?? t('common.unknownError');
+                        toast.error(firstError, t('cloudSync.resolve.failedTitle'));
+                        return; // KEEP the modal open so user can retry / pick USE_REMOTE
+                    }
+                }
                 toast.success(t('cloudSync.resolve.uploaded'));
             }
             setShowConflictModal(false);
@@ -1030,6 +1544,65 @@ const SyncDashboard: React.FC<SyncDashboardProps> = ({
         }
     };
 
+    // -- Gist revision history handlers --
+
+    const handleOpenHistory = async () => {
+        setShowHistoryModal(true);
+        setHistoryLoading(true);
+        setHistoryError(null);
+        setHistoryPreview(null);
+        setHistoryRevisions([]);
+        try {
+            const revisions = await sync.getGistRevisionHistory();
+            setHistoryRevisions(revisions);
+        } catch (err) {
+            setHistoryError(err instanceof Error ? err.message : t('common.unknownError'));
+        } finally {
+            setHistoryLoading(false);
+        }
+    };
+
+    const handlePreviewRevision = async (sha: string) => {
+        setHistoryPreviewLoading(true);
+        setHistoryError(null);
+        try {
+            const result = await sync.downloadGistRevision(sha);
+            if (result) {
+                setHistoryPreview({
+                    sha,
+                    payload: result.payload,
+                    preview: result.preview,
+                    deviceName: result.meta.deviceName,
+                    version: result.meta.version,
+                });
+            } else {
+                setHistoryError(t('cloudSync.revisionHistory.revisionNotFound'));
+            }
+        } catch {
+            // Decrypt failures can manifest as various error types:
+            // "Decryption failed", OperationError, "unable to authenticate
+            // data", AES-GCM tag mismatch, etc. Show the friendly message
+            // for any error originating from the decrypt step; network
+            // errors would have been caught by the fetch layer already.
+            setHistoryError(t('cloudSync.revisionHistory.decryptFailed'));
+        } finally {
+            setHistoryPreviewLoading(false);
+        }
+    };
+
+    const handleRestoreRevision = async () => {
+        if (!historyPreview) return;
+        // Gist revision restore is a destructive "replace local with cloud
+        // snapshot" op — same shape as a local backup restore, same
+        // cross-window race to block.
+        await withRestoreBarrier(async () => {
+            await Promise.resolve(onApplyPayload(historyPreview.payload));
+        });
+        toast.success(t('cloudSync.revisionHistory.restored'));
+        setShowHistoryModal(false);
+        setHistoryPreview(null);
+    };
+
     return (
         <div className="space-y-6">
             {/* Header with status */}
@@ -1070,7 +1643,20 @@ const SyncDashboard: React.FC<SyncDashboardProps> = ({
                 </div>
             </div>
 
-            <Tabs defaultValue="providers" className="space-y-4">
+            {blockedFinding && (
+                <SyncBlockedBanner
+                    finding={blockedFinding}
+                    onRestore={() => {
+                        setActiveTab('status');
+                        requestAnimationFrame(() => {
+                            localBackupsRef.current?.scrollIntoView({ behavior: 'smooth', block: 'start' });
+                        });
+                    }}
+                    onForcePush={() => setShowForcePushConfirm(true)}
+                />
+            )}
+
+            <Tabs value={activeTab} onValueChange={(v) => setActiveTab(v as 'providers' | 'status')} className="space-y-4">
                 <TabsList className="grid w-full grid-cols-2">
                     <TabsTrigger value="providers">{t('cloudSync.providers.title')}</TabsTrigger>
                     <TabsTrigger value="status">{t('cloudSync.status.title')}</TabsTrigger>
@@ -1091,6 +1677,14 @@ const SyncDashboard: React.FC<SyncDashboardProps> = ({
                         onConnect={handleConnectGitHub}
                         onDisconnect={() => sync.disconnectProvider('github')}
                         onSync={() => handleSync('github')}
+                        extraActions={
+                            isProviderReadyForSync(sync.providers.github) ? (
+                                <Button size="sm" variant="ghost" onClick={handleOpenHistory} className="gap-1">
+                                    <History size={14} />
+                                    {t('cloudSync.revisionHistory.viewButton')}
+                                </Button>
+                            ) : undefined
+                        }
                     />
 
                     <ProviderCard
@@ -1247,6 +1841,12 @@ const SyncDashboard: React.FC<SyncDashboardProps> = ({
                         </div>
                     )}
 
+                    <div ref={localBackupsRef}>
+                        <LocalBackupsPanel
+                            onApplyPayload={onApplyPayload}
+                        />
+                    </div>
+
                     {/* Clear Local Data */}
                     <div className="p-4 rounded-lg border border-destructive/30 bg-destructive/5">
                         <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
@@ -1291,6 +1891,113 @@ const SyncDashboard: React.FC<SyncDashboardProps> = ({
                 onClose={() => setShowConflictModal(false)}
             />
 
+            {/* Gist Revision History Modal (#679) */}
+            <Dialog open={showHistoryModal} onOpenChange={setShowHistoryModal}>
+                <DialogContent className="sm:max-w-[520px] max-h-[80vh] overflow-hidden flex flex-col z-[70]">
+                    <DialogHeader>
+                        <DialogTitle className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                            <History size={18} />
+                            {t('cloudSync.revisionHistory.title')}
+                        </DialogTitle>
+                        <DialogDescription>{t('cloudSync.revisionHistory.description')}</DialogDescription>
+                    </DialogHeader>
+
+                    {historyError && (
+                        <div className="rounded-lg bg-red-500/10 border border-red-500/20 p-3 text-sm text-red-500">
+                            {historyError}
+                        </div>
+                    )}
+
+                    {historyLoading ? (
+                        <div className="flex items-center justify-center py-8">
+                            <Loader2 size={24} className="animate-spin text-muted-foreground" />
+                        </div>
+                    ) : historyPreview ? (
+                        // Preview of a selected revision
+                        <div className="space-y-4 overflow-y-auto flex-1 min-h-0">
+                            <div className="rounded-lg border p-4 space-y-2">
+                                <div className="text-sm font-medium">{t('cloudSync.revisionHistory.revisionPreview')}</div>
+                                {historyPreview.deviceName && (
+                                    <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
+                                        {t('cloudSync.revisionHistory.device')}: {historyPreview.deviceName}
+                                        {historyPreview.version != null && ` · v${historyPreview.version}`}
+                                    </div>
+                                )}
+                                <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-2 text-sm">
+                                    <div className="flex justify-between px-2 py-1 bg-muted/30 rounded">
+                                        <span className="text-muted-foreground">{t('cloudSync.revisionHistory.hosts')}</span>
+                                        <span className="font-medium">{historyPreview.preview.hostCount}</span>
+                                    </div>
+                                    <div className="flex justify-between px-2 py-1 bg-muted/30 rounded">
+                                        <span className="text-muted-foreground">{t('cloudSync.revisionHistory.keys')}</span>
+                                        <span className="font-medium">{historyPreview.preview.keyCount}</span>
+                                    </div>
+                                    <div className="flex justify-between px-2 py-1 bg-muted/30 rounded">
+                                        <span className="text-muted-foreground">{t('cloudSync.revisionHistory.snippets')}</span>
+                                        <span className="font-medium">{historyPreview.preview.snippetCount}</span>
+                                    </div>
+                                    <div className="flex justify-between px-2 py-1 bg-muted/30 rounded">
+                                        <span className="text-muted-foreground">{t('cloudSync.revisionHistory.identities')}</span>
+                                        <span className="font-medium">{historyPreview.preview.identityCount}</span>
+                                    </div>
+                                </div>
+                            </div>
+                            <DialogFooter className="gap-2">
+                                <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => setHistoryPreview(null)}>
+                                    {t('common.back')}
+                                </Button>
+                                <Button onClick={handleRestoreRevision} className="gap-1">
+                                    <Download size={14} />
+                                    {t('cloudSync.revisionHistory.restoreButton')}
+                                </Button>
+                            </DialogFooter>
+                        </div>
+                    ) : (
+                        // Revision list
+                        <div className="overflow-y-auto flex-1 min-h-0 -mx-1">
+                            {historyRevisions.length === 0 ? (
+                                <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground text-center py-8">
+                                    {t('cloudSync.revisionHistory.empty')}
+                                </div>
+                            ) : (
+                                <div className="space-y-1 px-1">
+                                    {historyRevisions.map((rev, index) => (
+                                        <button
+                                            key={rev.version}
+                                            onClick={() => handlePreviewRevision(rev.version)}
+                                            disabled={historyPreviewLoading}
+                                            className={cn(
+                                                "w-full flex items-center justify-between p-2.5 rounded-lg text-left text-sm transition-colors",
+                                                "hover:bg-accent border border-transparent hover:border-border",
+                                                index === 0 && "bg-primary/5 border-primary/20",
+                                            )}
+                                        >
+                                            <div>
+                                                <div className="font-medium">
+                                                    {index === 0 ? t('cloudSync.revisionHistory.current') : `${t('cloudSync.revisionHistory.revision')} #${historyRevisions.length - index}`}
+                                                </div>
+                                                <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
+                                                    {rev.date.toLocaleString()}
+                                                </div>
+                                            </div>
+                                            <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground font-mono">
+                                                {rev.version.slice(0, 7)}
+                                            </div>
+                                        </button>
+                                    ))}
+                                </div>
+                            )}
+                        </div>
+                    )}
+
+                    {historyPreviewLoading && (
+                        <div className="absolute inset-0 bg-background/50 flex items-center justify-center rounded-lg">
+                            <Loader2 size={24} className="animate-spin" />
+                        </div>
+                    )}
+                </DialogContent>
+            </Dialog>
+
             <Dialog open={showWebdavDialog} onOpenChange={setShowWebdavDialog}>
                 <DialogContent className="sm:max-w-[460px] max-h-[80vh] overflow-y-auto z-[70]">
                     <DialogHeader>
@@ -1758,6 +2465,69 @@ const SyncDashboard: React.FC<SyncDashboardProps> = ({
                     </DialogFooter>
                 </DialogContent>
             </Dialog>
+
+            {/* Force-push confirmation modal (Task 8) */}
+            {showForcePushConfirm && blockedFinding && (
+                <Dialog open onOpenChange={(open) => !open && setShowForcePushConfirm(false)}>
+                    <DialogContent>
+                        <DialogHeader>
+                            <DialogTitle>{t('sync.forcePush.title')}</DialogTitle>
+                        </DialogHeader>
+                        <p className="text-sm">
+                            {t('sync.forcePush.body', {
+                                lost: blockedFinding.lost,
+                                entityType: t(`sync.entityType.${blockedFinding.entityType}`),
+                            })}
+                        </p>
+                        <DialogFooter>
+                            <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => setShowForcePushConfirm(false)}>
+                                {t('sync.forcePush.cancel')}
+                            </Button>
+                            <Button
+                                variant="destructive"
+                                onClick={async () => {
+                                    const localPayload = onBuildPayload();
+                                    if (!ensureSyncablePayload(localPayload)) {
+                                        setShowForcePushConfirm(false);
+                                        return;
+                                    }
+                                    setShowForcePushConfirm(false);
+                                    try {
+                                        const results = await sync.syncNow(localPayload, { overrideShrink: true });
+
+                                        // Apply any merged payload BEFORE clearing the banner. If a merge happened
+                                        // during force-push (remote changed), the merged result is what the cloud
+                                        // now has — applying it to local state prevents the next sync from
+                                        // re-deleting the remote additions we just merged in.
+                                        for (const result of results.values()) {
+                                            if (result.mergedPayload) {
+                                                await Promise.resolve(onApplyPayload(result.mergedPayload));
+                                                break; // All providers share the same merged payload
+                                            }
+                                        }
+
+                                        const allOk = Array.from(results.values()).every((r) => r.success);
+                                        if (allOk) {
+                                            setBlockedFinding(null);
+                                        } else {
+                                            // Surface the failure but KEEP the banner so the user can retry or
+                                            // restore. Find the first error string to display.
+                                            const firstError = Array.from(results.values())
+                                                .find((r) => !r.success)
+                                                ?.error ?? t('sync.toast.errorTitle');
+                                            toast.error(firstError, t('sync.toast.errorTitle'));
+                                        }
+                                    } catch (err) {
+                                        toast.error(String(err), t('sync.toast.errorTitle'));
+                                    }
+                                }}
+                            >
+                                {t('sync.forcePush.confirm')}
+                            </Button>
+                        </DialogFooter>
+                    </DialogContent>
+                </Dialog>
+            )}
         </div>
     );
 };
@@ -1768,7 +2538,7 @@ const SyncDashboard: React.FC<SyncDashboardProps> = ({
 
 interface CloudSyncSettingsProps {
     onBuildPayload: () => SyncPayload;
-    onApplyPayload: (payload: SyncPayload) => void;
+    onApplyPayload: (payload: SyncPayload) => void | Promise<void>;
     onClearLocalData?: () => void;
 }
 
@@ -1778,7 +2548,19 @@ export const CloudSyncSettings: React.FC<CloudSyncSettingsProps> = (props) => {
     // Simplified UX: once a master key is configured, we auto-unlock via safeStorage
     // so users don't have to manage a separate LOCKED screen.
     if (securityState === 'NO_KEY') {
-        return <GatekeeperScreen onSetupComplete={() => { }} />;
+        return (
+            <div className="space-y-6">
+                <GatekeeperScreen onSetupComplete={() => { }} />
+                {/* The master key is not configured yet. Expose the backup
+                    history for diagnostic purposes but refuse restores: the
+                    vault encryption layer can't re-protect the restored
+                    credentials until the user finishes master-key setup (I3). */}
+                <LocalBackupsPanel
+                    onApplyPayload={props.onApplyPayload}
+                    restoreDisabledReason="no-master-key"
+                />
+            </div>
+        );
     }
 
     return <SyncDashboard {...props} />;

components/CreateWorkspaceDialog.tsx

@@ -67,27 +67,27 @@ export const CreateWorkspaceDialog: React.FC<CreateWorkspaceDialogProps> = ({
     <Dialog open={isOpen} onOpenChange={(open) => !open && onClose()}>
       <DialogContent className="max-w-md flex flex-col max-h-[80vh]">
         <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle>{t('dialog.createWorkspace.title', 'Create Workspace')}</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogTitle>{t('dialog.createWorkspace.title', { defaultValue: 'Create Workspace' })}</DialogTitle>
         </DialogHeader>
 
         <div className="space-y-4 py-2 flex-1 flex flex-col min-h-0">
           <div className="space-y-2">
-            <Label htmlFor="workspace-name">{t('field.name', 'Name')}</Label>
+            <Label htmlFor="workspace-name">{t('field.name', { defaultValue: 'Name' })}</Label>
             <Input
               id="workspace-name"
               value={name}
               onChange={(e) => setName(e.target.value)}
-              placeholder={t('placeholder.workspaceName', 'Workspace Name')}
+              placeholder={t('placeholder.workspaceName', { defaultValue: 'Workspace Name' })}
               autoFocus
             />
           </div>
 
           <div className="space-y-2 flex-1 flex flex-col min-h-0">
-            <Label>{t('field.selectHosts', 'Select Hosts')}</Label>
+            <Label>{t('field.selectHosts', { defaultValue: 'Select Hosts' })}</Label>
             <div className="relative">
                 <Search className="absolute left-2 top-2.5 h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground" />
                 <Input
-                placeholder={t('placeholder.searchHosts', 'Search hosts...')}
+                placeholder={t('placeholder.searchHosts', { defaultValue: 'Search hosts...' })}
                 value={search}
                 onChange={(e) => setSearch(e.target.value)}
                 className="pl-8"
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ export const CreateWorkspaceDialog: React.FC<CreateWorkspaceDialogProps> = ({
                     <div className="p-2 space-y-1">
                         {filteredHosts.length === 0 ? (
                             <div className="text-center py-4 text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                                {t('common.noResults', 'No hosts found')}
+                                {t('common.noResults', { defaultValue: 'No hosts found' })}
                             </div>
                         ) : (
                             filteredHosts.map(host => {
@@ -126,15 +126,15 @@ export const CreateWorkspaceDialog: React.FC<CreateWorkspaceDialogProps> = ({
                 </ScrollArea>
             </div>
             <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground text-right">
-                {selectedHostIds.size} {t('common.selected', 'selected')}
+                {selectedHostIds.size} {t('common.selected', { defaultValue: 'selected' })}
             </div>
           </div>
         </div>
 
         <DialogFooter>
-          <Button variant="ghost" onClick={onClose}>{t('common.cancel', 'Cancel')}</Button>
+          <Button variant="ghost" onClick={onClose}>{t('common.cancel', { defaultValue: 'Cancel' })}</Button>
           <Button onClick={handleCreate} disabled={!name.trim() || selectedHostIds.size === 0}>
-            {t('common.create', 'Create')}
+            {t('common.create', { defaultValue: 'Create' })}
           </Button>
         </DialogFooter>
       </DialogContent>

components/DistroAvatar.tsx

@@ -22,6 +22,16 @@ export const DISTRO_LOGOS: Record<string, string> = {
   macos: "/distro/macos.svg",
   windows: "/distro/windows.svg",
   linux: "/distro/linux.svg",
+  // Network device vendors — auto-detected from the SSH server
+  // identification string (see domain/host.ts `detectVendorFromSshVersion`).
+  cisco: "/distro/cisco.svg",
+  juniper: "/distro/juniper.svg",
+  huawei: "/distro/huawei.svg",
+  hpe: "/distro/hpe.svg",
+  mikrotik: "/distro/mikrotik.svg",
+  fortinet: "/distro/fortinet.svg",
+  paloalto: "/distro/paloalto.svg",
+  zyxel: "/distro/zyxel.svg",
 };
 
 export const DISTRO_COLORS: Record<string, string> = {
@@ -42,6 +52,15 @@ export const DISTRO_COLORS: Record<string, string> = {
   macos: "bg-[#333333]",
   windows: "bg-[#0078D4]",
   linux: "bg-[#333333]",
+  // Network device vendor brand colors
+  cisco: "bg-[#1BA0D7]",
+  juniper: "bg-[#0A6EB4]",
+  huawei: "bg-[#CF0A2C]",
+  hpe: "bg-[#01A982]",
+  mikrotik: "bg-[#293239]",
+  fortinet: "bg-[#EE3124]",
+  paloalto: "bg-[#FA582D]",
+  zyxel: "bg-[#00497A]",
   default: "bg-slate-600",
 };
 

components/GroupDetailsPanel.tsx

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import {
 import React, { useCallback, useMemo, useState } from "react";
 import { useI18n } from "../application/i18n/I18nProvider";
 import { customThemeStore } from "../application/state/customThemeStore";
+import { resolveGroupDefaults, resolveGroupTerminalThemeId } from "../domain/groupConfig";
 import { cn } from "../lib/utils";
 import {
   EnvVar,
@@ -61,6 +62,7 @@ interface GroupDetailsPanelProps {
   allHosts: Host[];
   groups: string[];
   terminalThemeId: string;
+  groupConfigs?: GroupConfig[];
   terminalFontSize: number;
   onSave: (config: GroupConfig, newName?: string, newParent?: string | null) => void;
   onCancel: () => void;
@@ -75,6 +77,7 @@ const GroupDetailsPanel: React.FC<GroupDetailsPanelProps> = ({
   allHosts,
   groups,
   terminalThemeId,
+  groupConfigs = [],
   terminalFontSize,
   onSave,
   onCancel,
@@ -277,7 +280,14 @@ const GroupDetailsPanel: React.FC<GroupDetailsPanelProps> = ({
   }, [groups, groupPath, t]);
 
   // Effective theme
-  const effectiveThemeId = form.theme || terminalThemeId;
+  const inheritedThemeId = useMemo(() => {
+    if (!parentGroup || groupConfigs.length === 0) return terminalThemeId;
+    return resolveGroupTerminalThemeId(resolveGroupDefaults(parentGroup, groupConfigs), terminalThemeId);
+  }, [groupConfigs, parentGroup, terminalThemeId]);
+  const effectiveThemeId = form.themeOverride === false
+    ? inheritedThemeId
+    : (form.theme || inheritedThemeId);
+  const hasActiveThemeOverride = form.themeOverride === true || (form.theme != null && form.themeOverride !== false);
 
   // Save handler
   const handleSubmit = () => {
@@ -325,7 +335,7 @@ const GroupDetailsPanel: React.FC<GroupDetailsPanelProps> = ({
       }),
       // Shared fields (always saved)
       ...(form.charset !== undefined && { charset: form.charset }),
-      ...(form.theme !== undefined && { theme: form.theme }),
+      ...((form.themeOverride !== false && form.theme !== undefined) && { theme: form.theme }),
       ...(form.themeOverride !== undefined && { themeOverride: form.themeOverride }),
       ...(form.fontFamily !== undefined && { fontFamily: form.fontFamily }),
       ...(form.fontFamilyOverride !== undefined && { fontFamilyOverride: form.fontFamilyOverride }),
@@ -411,6 +421,10 @@ const GroupDetailsPanel: React.FC<GroupDetailsPanelProps> = ({
         open={true}
         selectedThemeId={effectiveThemeId}
         onSelect={(themeId) => {
+          if (themeId === effectiveThemeId && !hasActiveThemeOverride) {
+            setActiveSubPanel("none");
+            return;
+          }
           setForm((prev) => ({ ...prev, theme: themeId, themeOverride: true }));
           setActiveSubPanel("none");
         }}
@@ -1027,7 +1041,7 @@ const GroupDetailsPanel: React.FC<GroupDetailsPanelProps> = ({
               {customThemeStore.getThemeById(effectiveThemeId)?.name || "Flexoki Dark"}
             </span>
           </button>
-          {form.themeOverride && (
+          {hasActiveThemeOverride && (
             <Button
               variant="ghost"
               size="sm"

components/HostDetailsPanel.tsx

@@ -31,7 +31,12 @@ import {
 import React, { useEffect, useMemo, useState, useCallback } from "react";
 import { useI18n } from "../application/i18n/I18nProvider";
 import { useApplicationBackend } from "../application/state/useApplicationBackend";
-import { getEffectiveHostDistro, LINUX_DISTRO_OPTIONS } from "../domain/host";
+import { resolveGroupDefaults, resolveGroupTerminalThemeId } from "../domain/groupConfig";
+import {
+  getEffectiveHostDistro,
+  LINUX_DISTRO_OPTIONS,
+  NETWORK_DEVICE_OPTIONS,
+} from "../domain/host";
 import { customThemeStore } from "../application/state/customThemeStore";
 import {
   clearHostFontSizeOverride,
@@ -43,7 +48,7 @@ import {
 } from "../domain/terminalAppearance";
 import { MIN_FONT_SIZE, MAX_FONT_SIZE } from "../infrastructure/config/fonts";
 import { cn } from "../lib/utils";
-import { EnvVar, Host, Identity, ManagedSource, ProxyConfig, SSHKey } from "../types";
+import { EnvVar, GroupConfig, Host, Identity, ManagedSource, ProxyConfig, SSHKey } from "../types";
 import { DISTRO_COLORS, DISTRO_LOGOS } from "./DistroAvatar";
 import { DistroAvatar } from "./DistroAvatar";
 import ThemeSelectPanel from "./ThemeSelectPanel";
@@ -83,7 +88,10 @@ type SubPanel =
   | "theme-select"
   | "telnet-theme-select";
 
-const LINUX_DISTRO_OPTION_IDS = [...LINUX_DISTRO_OPTIONS];
+const LINUX_DISTRO_OPTION_IDS = [
+  ...LINUX_DISTRO_OPTIONS,
+  ...NETWORK_DEVICE_OPTIONS,
+];
 
 interface HostDetailsPanelProps {
   initialData?: Host | null;
@@ -101,6 +109,7 @@ interface HostDetailsPanelProps {
   onCreateGroup?: (groupPath: string) => void; // Callback to create a new group
   onCreateTag?: (tag: string) => void; // Callback to create a new tag
   groupDefaults?: Partial<import('../domain/models').GroupConfig>;
+  groupConfigs?: GroupConfig[];
   layout?: AsidePanelLayout;
 }
 
@@ -120,6 +129,7 @@ const HostDetailsPanel: React.FC<HostDetailsPanelProps> = ({
   onCreateGroup,
   onCreateTag,
   groupDefaults,
+  groupConfigs = [],
   layout = "overlay",
 }) => {
   const { t } = useI18n();
@@ -204,9 +214,17 @@ const HostDetailsPanel: React.FC<HostDetailsPanelProps> = ({
     setForm((prev) => ({ ...prev, [key]: value }));
   };
 
+  const effectiveGroupDefaults = useMemo(() => {
+    const currentGroupPath = form.group || defaultGroup;
+    if (currentGroupPath && groupConfigs.length > 0) {
+      return resolveGroupDefaults(currentGroupPath, groupConfigs);
+    }
+    return groupDefaults;
+  }, [defaultGroup, form.group, groupConfigs, groupDefaults]);
+
   const effectiveThemeId = useMemo(
-    () => resolveHostTerminalThemeId(form, terminalThemeId),
-    [form, terminalThemeId],
+    () => resolveHostTerminalThemeId(form, resolveGroupTerminalThemeId(effectiveGroupDefaults, terminalThemeId)),
+    [effectiveGroupDefaults, form, terminalThemeId],
   );
   const effectiveFontSize = useMemo(
     () => resolveHostTerminalFontSize(form, terminalFontSize),
@@ -577,6 +595,10 @@ const HostDetailsPanel: React.FC<HostDetailsPanelProps> = ({
         open={true}
         selectedThemeId={effectiveThemeId}
         onSelect={(themeId) => {
+          if (themeId === effectiveThemeId && !hasEffectiveThemeOverride) {
+            setActiveSubPanel("none");
+            return;
+          }
           setForm((prev) => ({ ...prev, theme: themeId, themeOverride: true }));
           setActiveSubPanel("none");
         }}

components/KeychainManager.tsx

@@ -515,12 +515,12 @@ echo $3 >> "$FILE"`);
       {/* Main Content */}
       <div
         className={cn(
-          "flex-1 overflow-y-auto transition-all duration-200",
+          "flex-1 flex flex-col min-h-0 transition-all duration-200",
           panel.type !== "closed" && "mr-[380px]",
         )}
       >
         {/* Toolbar */}
-        <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-3 bg-secondary/60 border-b border-border/70 px-3 py-1.5">
+        <div className="h-14 px-4 py-2 flex items-center gap-3 bg-secondary/80 backdrop-blur border-b border-border/50 shrink-0">
           {/* Filter Tabs */}
           <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
             {/* KEY button with split interaction: left=switch view, right=dropdown */}
@@ -528,16 +528,15 @@ echo $3 >> "$FILE"`);
               <div
                 className={cn(
                   "flex items-center rounded-md transition-colors",
-                  activeFilter === "key" ? "bg-primary/15" : "hover:bg-accent",
+                  activeFilter === "key"
+                    ? "bg-foreground/10 text-foreground hover:bg-foreground/15"
+                    : "bg-foreground/5 text-foreground hover:bg-foreground/10",
                 )}
               >
                 <Button
                   size="sm"
                   variant="ghost"
-                  className={cn(
-                    "h-8 px-3 gap-2 rounded-r-none hover:bg-transparent",
-                    activeFilter === "key" && "text-primary",
-                  )}
+                  className="h-10 px-3 gap-2 rounded-r-none hover:bg-transparent text-inherit"
                   onClick={() => setActiveFilter("key")}
                 >
                   <Key size={14} />
@@ -547,10 +546,7 @@ echo $3 >> "$FILE"`);
                   <Button
                     size="sm"
                     variant="ghost"
-                    className={cn(
-                      "h-8 px-1.5 rounded-l-none hover:bg-transparent",
-                      activeFilter === "key" && "text-primary",
-                    )}
+                    className="h-10 px-1.5 rounded-l-none hover:bg-transparent text-inherit"
                   >
                     <ChevronDown size={12} />
                   </Button>
@@ -589,33 +585,24 @@ echo $3 >> "$FILE"`);
                 className={cn(
                   "flex items-center rounded-md transition-colors",
                   activeFilter === "certificate"
-                    ? "bg-primary/15"
-                    : "hover:bg-accent",
+                    ? "bg-foreground/10 text-foreground hover:bg-foreground/15"
+                    : "bg-foreground/5 text-foreground hover:bg-foreground/10",
                 )}
               >
                 <Button
                   size="sm"
                   variant="ghost"
-                  className={cn(
-                    "h-8 px-3 gap-2 rounded-r-none hover:bg-transparent",
-                    activeFilter === "certificate" && "text-primary",
-                  )}
+                  className="h-10 px-3 gap-2 rounded-r-none hover:bg-transparent text-inherit"
                   onClick={() => setActiveFilter("certificate")}
                 >
                   <BadgeCheck size={14} />
                   {t("keychain.filter.certificate")}
-                  <span className="text-[10px] px-1.5 rounded-full bg-muted text-muted-foreground">
-                    {keys.filter((k) => k.certificate).length}
-                  </span>
                 </Button>
                 <DropdownTrigger asChild>
                   <Button
                     size="sm"
                     variant="ghost"
-                    className={cn(
-                      "h-8 px-1.5 rounded-l-none hover:bg-transparent",
-                      activeFilter === "certificate" && "text-primary",
-                    )}
+                    className="h-10 px-1.5 rounded-l-none hover:bg-transparent text-inherit"
                   >
                     <ChevronDown size={12} />
                   </Button>
@@ -645,7 +632,7 @@ echo $3 >> "$FILE"`);
                   value={search}
                   onChange={(e) => setSearch(e.target.value)}
                   placeholder={t("common.searchPlaceholder")}
-                  className="h-9 pl-8 w-full"
+                  className="h-10 pl-9 w-full bg-secondary border-border/60 text-sm"
                 />
               </div>
             )}
@@ -654,7 +641,7 @@ echo $3 >> "$FILE"`);
                 <Button
                   variant="ghost"
                   size="icon"
-                  className="h-9 w-9 flex-shrink-0"
+                  className="h-10 w-10 flex-shrink-0"
                 >
                   {viewMode === "grid" ? (
                     <LayoutGrid size={16} />
@@ -684,8 +671,10 @@ echo $3 >> "$FILE"`);
           </div>
         </div>
 
-        {/* Keys Section */}
-        <div className="space-y-3 p-3">
+        {/* Scrollable Content */}
+        <div className="flex-1 overflow-y-auto">
+          {/* Keys Section */}
+          <div className="space-y-3 p-3">
           <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
             <h2 className="text-base font-semibold text-muted-foreground">
               {t("keychain.section.keys")}
@@ -817,6 +806,7 @@ echo $3 >> "$FILE"`);
             </div>
           </div>
         )}
+        </div>
       </div>
 
       {/* Slide-out Panel */}

components/KnownHostsManager.tsx

@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ const KnownHostsManager: React.FC<KnownHostsManagerProps> = ({
   return (
     <div className="h-full flex flex-col">
       {/* Header */}
-      <div className="flex items-center gap-3 px-4 py-3 border-b border-border/50 bg-secondary/50">
+      <div className="h-14 px-4 py-2 flex items-center gap-3 border-b border-border/50 bg-secondary/80 backdrop-blur">
         <div className="flex-1 min-w-0 flex items-center gap-2">
           <div className="relative flex-1 max-w-xs">
             <Search
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ const KnownHostsManager: React.FC<KnownHostsManagerProps> = ({
             />
             <Input
               placeholder={t("knownHosts.search.placeholder")}
-              className="pl-9 h-9 bg-background border-border/60 text-sm"
+              className="pl-9 h-10 bg-secondary border-border/60 text-sm"
               value={search}
               onChange={(e) => setSearch(e.target.value)}
             />
@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ const KnownHostsManager: React.FC<KnownHostsManagerProps> = ({
           {/* View Mode Toggle */}
           <Dropdown>
             <DropdownTrigger asChild>
-              <Button variant="ghost" size="icon" className="h-9 w-9">
+              <Button variant="ghost" size="icon" className="h-10 w-10">
                 {viewMode === "grid" ? (
                   <LayoutGrid size={16} />
                 ) : (
@@ -505,15 +505,14 @@ const KnownHostsManager: React.FC<KnownHostsManagerProps> = ({
           <SortDropdown
             value={sortMode}
             onChange={setSortMode}
-            className="h-9 w-9"
+            className="h-10 w-10"
           />
         </div>
         <div className="w-px h-5 bg-border/50" />
         <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
           <Button
-            variant="ghost"
-            size="sm"
-            className="h-9 px-3 text-xs"
+            variant="secondary"
+            className="h-10 px-3 bg-foreground/5 text-foreground hover:bg-foreground/10 border-border/40"
             onClick={() => handleScanSystem()}
             disabled={isScanning}
           >
@@ -532,8 +531,7 @@ const KnownHostsManager: React.FC<KnownHostsManagerProps> = ({
           />
           <Button
             variant="secondary"
-            size="sm"
-            className="h-9 px-3 text-xs"
+            className="h-10 px-3 bg-foreground/5 text-foreground hover:bg-foreground/10 border-border/40"
             onClick={openFilePicker}
           >
             <Import size={14} className="mr-2" />

components/LogView.tsx

@@ -36,19 +36,35 @@ const LogViewComponent: React.FC<LogViewProps> = ({
     const [isReady, setIsReady] = useState(false);
     const [themeModalOpen, setThemeModalOpen] = useState(false);
     const [isExporting, setIsExporting] = useState(false);
+    const [previewTheme, setPreviewTheme] = useState<TerminalTheme | null>(null);
 
     // Subscribe to custom theme changes so editing triggers re-render
     const customThemes = useCustomThemes();
+    const explicitThemeId = useMemo(() => {
+        if (!log.themeId) return undefined;
+        const exists = TERMINAL_THEMES.some((theme) => theme.id === log.themeId)
+            || customThemes.some((theme) => theme.id === log.themeId);
+        return exists ? log.themeId : undefined;
+    }, [customThemes, log.themeId]);
+
+    useEffect(() => {
+        if (log.themeId && !explicitThemeId) {
+            onUpdateLog(log.id, { themeId: undefined });
+        }
+    }, [explicitThemeId, log.id, log.themeId, onUpdateLog]);
 
     // Use log's saved theme/fontSize or fall back to defaults
     const currentTheme = useMemo(() => {
-        if (log.themeId) {
-            return TERMINAL_THEMES.find(t => t.id === log.themeId)
-                || customThemes.find(t => t.id === log.themeId)
+        if (previewTheme) {
+            return previewTheme;
+        }
+        if (explicitThemeId) {
+            return TERMINAL_THEMES.find(t => t.id === explicitThemeId)
+                || customThemes.find(t => t.id === explicitThemeId)
                 || defaultTerminalTheme;
         }
         return defaultTerminalTheme;
-    }, [log.themeId, defaultTerminalTheme, customThemes]);
+    }, [customThemes, defaultTerminalTheme, explicitThemeId, previewTheme]);
 
     const currentFontSize = log.fontSize ?? defaultFontSize;
 
@@ -69,6 +85,12 @@ const LogViewComponent: React.FC<LogViewProps> = ({
         onUpdateLog(log.id, { themeId });
     }, [log.id, onUpdateLog]);
 
+    useEffect(() => {
+        if (!themeModalOpen) {
+            setPreviewTheme(null);
+        }
+    }, [themeModalOpen]);
+
     // Handle font size change
     const handleFontSizeChange = useCallback((fontSize: number) => {
         onUpdateLog(log.id, { fontSize });
@@ -295,10 +317,13 @@ const LogViewComponent: React.FC<LogViewProps> = ({
             <ThemeCustomizeModal
                 open={themeModalOpen}
                 onClose={() => setThemeModalOpen(false)}
-                currentThemeId={currentTheme.id}
+                currentThemeId={explicitThemeId}
+                displayThemeId={currentTheme.id}
                 currentFontSize={currentFontSize}
                 onThemeChange={handleThemeChange}
+                onThemeReset={() => onUpdateLog(log.id, { themeId: undefined })}
                 onFontSizeChange={handleFontSizeChange}
+                onPreviewThemeChange={setPreviewTheme}
             />
         </div>
     );

components/PortForwardingNew.tsx

@@ -567,10 +567,13 @@ const PortForwarding: React.FC<PortForwardingProps> = ({
         )}
       >
         {/* Toolbar */}
-        <div className="h-14 px-4 flex items-center gap-3 bg-secondary/60 border-b border-border/60 relative z-20">
+        <div className="h-14 px-4 py-2 flex items-center gap-3 bg-secondary/80 backdrop-blur border-b border-border/50 relative z-20">
           <Dropdown open={showNewMenu} onOpenChange={setShowNewMenu}>
             <DropdownTrigger asChild>
-              <Button variant="secondary" className="h-9 px-3 gap-2">
+              <Button
+                variant="secondary"
+                className="h-10 px-3 gap-2 bg-foreground/5 text-foreground hover:bg-foreground/10 border-border/40"
+              >
                 <Zap size={14} />
                 {t("pf.action.newForwarding")}
                 <ChevronDown
@@ -618,7 +621,7 @@ const PortForwarding: React.FC<PortForwardingProps> = ({
               />
               <Input
                 placeholder={t("common.searchPlaceholder")}
-                className="h-9 pl-8 w-44"
+                className="h-10 pl-9 w-44 bg-secondary border-border/60 text-sm"
                 value={search}
                 onChange={(e) => setSearch(e.target.value)}
               />
@@ -627,7 +630,7 @@ const PortForwarding: React.FC<PortForwardingProps> = ({
             {/* View mode toggle */}
             <Dropdown>
               <DropdownTrigger asChild>
-                <Button variant="ghost" size="icon" className="h-9 w-9">
+                <Button variant="ghost" size="icon" className="h-10 w-10">
                   {viewMode === "grid" ? (
                     <LayoutGrid size={16} />
                   ) : (
@@ -664,7 +667,7 @@ const PortForwarding: React.FC<PortForwardingProps> = ({
             <SortDropdown
               value={sortMode}
               onChange={setSortMode}
-              className="h-9 w-9"
+              className="h-10 w-10"
             />
           </div>
         </div>

components/QuickAddSnippetDialog.tsx

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ export interface QuickAddSnippetDialogProps {
   snippets: Snippet[];
   packages: string[];
   onCreateSnippet: (snippet: Snippet) => void;
+  onUpdateSnippet?: (snippet: Snippet) => void;
   onCreatePackage?: (packagePath: string) => void;
 }
 
@@ -37,6 +38,7 @@ export const QuickAddSnippetDialog: React.FC<QuickAddSnippetDialogProps> = ({
   snippets,
   packages,
   onCreateSnippet,
+  onUpdateSnippet,
   onCreatePackage,
 }) => {
   const { t } = useI18n();
@@ -44,6 +46,7 @@ export const QuickAddSnippetDialog: React.FC<QuickAddSnippetDialogProps> = ({
   const [label, setLabel] = useState('');
   const [command, setCommand] = useState('');
   const [packagePath, setPackagePath] = useState('');
+  const [editing, setEditing] = useState<Snippet | null>(null);
   const labelInputRef = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);
 
   // Listen for the global "add snippet" request dispatched by the
@@ -51,6 +54,7 @@ export const QuickAddSnippetDialog: React.FC<QuickAddSnippetDialogProps> = ({
   // every open so stale input from a previous cancel does not leak.
   useEffect(() => {
     const handler = () => {
+      setEditing(null);
       setLabel('');
       setCommand('');
       setPackagePath('');
@@ -60,6 +64,23 @@ export const QuickAddSnippetDialog: React.FC<QuickAddSnippetDialogProps> = ({
     return () => window.removeEventListener('netcatty:snippets:add', handler);
   }, []);
 
+  // Sibling event for editing an existing snippet from the ScriptsSidePanel
+  // context menu. Prefills the form and flips the dialog into update mode.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const handler = (e: Event) => {
+      const detail = (e as CustomEvent<{ snippet?: Snippet }>).detail;
+      const snippet = detail?.snippet;
+      if (!snippet) return;
+      setEditing(snippet);
+      setLabel(snippet.label ?? '');
+      setCommand(snippet.command ?? '');
+      setPackagePath(snippet.package ?? '');
+      setOpen(true);
+    };
+    window.addEventListener('netcatty:snippets:edit', handler);
+    return () => window.removeEventListener('netcatty:snippets:edit', handler);
+  }, []);
+
   // Auto-focus the label input once the dialog renders, so the user can
   // start typing immediately after clicking the + button.
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -92,16 +113,27 @@ export const QuickAddSnippetDialog: React.FC<QuickAddSnippetDialogProps> = ({
     if (trimmedPackage && !packages.includes(trimmedPackage)) {
       onCreatePackage?.(trimmedPackage);
     }
-    onCreateSnippet({
-      id: crypto.randomUUID(),
-      label: label.trim(),
-      command, // preserve whitespace in multi-line commands
-      tags: [],
-      package: trimmedPackage || '',
-      targets: [],
-    });
+    if (editing && onUpdateSnippet) {
+      // Preserve tags/targets/shortkey/noAutoRun etc. that this lightweight
+      // dialog does not expose — only the three quick-edit fields change.
+      onUpdateSnippet({
+        ...editing,
+        label: label.trim(),
+        command,
+        package: trimmedPackage || '',
+      });
+    } else {
+      onCreateSnippet({
+        id: crypto.randomUUID(),
+        label: label.trim(),
+        command, // preserve whitespace in multi-line commands
+        tags: [],
+        package: trimmedPackage || '',
+        targets: [],
+      });
+    }
     setOpen(false);
-  }, [canSave, packagePath, packages, onCreatePackage, onCreateSnippet, label, command]);
+  }, [canSave, packagePath, packages, onCreatePackage, onCreateSnippet, onUpdateSnippet, editing, label, command]);
 
   const handleKeyDown = useCallback(
     (e: React.KeyboardEvent) => {
@@ -118,7 +150,9 @@ export const QuickAddSnippetDialog: React.FC<QuickAddSnippetDialogProps> = ({
     <Dialog open={open} onOpenChange={setOpen}>
       <DialogContent className="max-w-md" onKeyDown={handleKeyDown}>
         <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle>{t('snippets.panel.newTitle')}</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogTitle>
+            {t(editing ? 'snippets.panel.editTitle' : 'snippets.panel.newTitle')}
+          </DialogTitle>
           <DialogDescription>
             {t('snippets.empty.desc')}
           </DialogDescription>

components/QuickSwitcher.tsx

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 import {
   Folder,
-  LayoutGrid,
-  Search,
   FolderLock,
+  LayoutGrid,
+  Plus,
+  Search,
   Terminal,
   TerminalSquare,
 } from "lucide-react";
@@ -68,8 +69,9 @@ interface QuickSwitcherProps {
   onSelectTab: (tabId: string) => void;
   onClose: () => void;
   onCreateLocalTerminal?: (shell?: { command: string; args?: string[]; name?: string; icon?: string }) => void;
-  // onCreateWorkspace removed - feature not currently used
+  onCreateWorkspace?: () => void;
   keyBindings?: KeyBinding[];
+  showSftpTab: boolean;
 }
 
 const QuickSwitcherInner: React.FC<QuickSwitcherProps> = ({
@@ -83,7 +85,9 @@ const QuickSwitcherInner: React.FC<QuickSwitcherProps> = ({
   onSelectTab,
   onClose,
   onCreateLocalTerminal,
+  onCreateWorkspace,
   keyBindings,
+  showSftpTab,
 }) => {
   const { t } = useI18n();
   const discoveredShells = useDiscoveredShells();
@@ -161,7 +165,7 @@ const QuickSwitcherInner: React.FC<QuickSwitcherProps> = ({
       );
       // Tabs (built-in + sessions + workspaces)
       items.push({ type: "tab", id: "vault" });
-      items.push({ type: "tab", id: "sftp" });
+      if (showSftpTab) items.push({ type: "tab", id: "sftp" });
       orphanSessions.forEach((s) =>
         items.push({ type: "tab", id: s.id, data: s }),
       );
@@ -194,7 +198,7 @@ const QuickSwitcherInner: React.FC<QuickSwitcherProps> = ({
     });
 
     return { flatItems: items, itemIndexMap: indexMap };
-  }, [showCategorized, results, orphanSessions, workspaces, filteredShells]);
+  }, [showCategorized, results, orphanSessions, workspaces, filteredShells, showSftpTab]);
 
   // O(1) index lookup
   const getItemIndex = useCallback((type: string, id: string) => {
@@ -278,7 +282,7 @@ const QuickSwitcherInner: React.FC<QuickSwitcherProps> = ({
         <ScrollArea className="flex-1 h-full">
           {/* Categorized view: Hosts/Tabs/Quick connect */}
           <div>
-            {/* Jump To hint */}
+            {/* Jump To hint + New Workspace action */}
             <div className="px-4 py-2 flex items-center gap-2">
               <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">{t("qs.jumpTo")}</span>
               {quickSwitchKey && (
@@ -286,6 +290,20 @@ const QuickSwitcherInner: React.FC<QuickSwitcherProps> = ({
                   {quickSwitchKey.replace(/ \+ /g, '+')}
                 </kbd>
               )}
+              {onCreateWorkspace && (
+                <button
+                  type="button"
+                  onClick={() => {
+                    onCreateWorkspace();
+                    onClose();
+                  }}
+                  className="ml-auto inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-[11px] text-muted-foreground hover:text-foreground border border-border rounded px-1.5 py-0.5 transition-colors hover:bg-muted/50"
+                  title="New Workspace"
+                >
+                  <Plus size={11} />
+                  <span>New Workspace</span>
+                </button>
+              )}
             </div>
 
             {/* Hosts section */}
@@ -317,7 +335,7 @@ const QuickSwitcherInner: React.FC<QuickSwitcherProps> = ({
               </div>
 
               {/* Built-in tabs */}
-              {["vault", "sftp"].map((tabId) => {
+              {(showSftpTab ? ["vault", "sftp"] : ["vault"]).map((tabId) => {
                 const idx = getItemIndex("tab", tabId);
                 const isSelected = idx === selectedIndex;
                 const icon =

components/ScriptsSidePanel.tsx

@@ -5,11 +5,17 @@
  * Clicking a snippet executes it in the focused terminal session.
  */
 
-import { ChevronRight, Package, Plus, Search, Zap } from 'lucide-react';
+import { ChevronRight, Edit2, Package, Plus, Search, Trash2, Zap } from 'lucide-react';
 import React, { memo, useCallback, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
 import { useI18n } from '../application/i18n/I18nProvider';
 import { cn } from '../lib/utils';
 import { Snippet } from '../types';
+import {
+  ContextMenu,
+  ContextMenuContent,
+  ContextMenuItem,
+  ContextMenuTrigger,
+} from './ui/context-menu';
 import { Input } from './ui/input';
 import { ScrollArea } from './ui/scroll-area';
 
@@ -126,6 +132,18 @@ const ScriptsSidePanelInner: React.FC<ScriptsSidePanelProps> = ({
     window.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent('netcatty:snippets:add'));
   }, []);
 
+  const handleEditSnippet = useCallback((snippet: Snippet) => {
+    window.dispatchEvent(
+      new CustomEvent('netcatty:snippets:edit', { detail: { snippet } }),
+    );
+  }, []);
+
+  const handleDeleteSnippet = useCallback((id: string) => {
+    window.dispatchEvent(
+      new CustomEvent('netcatty:snippets:delete', { detail: { id } }),
+    );
+  }, []);
+
   if (!isVisible) return null;
 
   const hasAnyContent = snippets.length > 0 || packages.length > 0;
@@ -213,16 +231,30 @@ const ScriptsSidePanelInner: React.FC<ScriptsSidePanelProps> = ({
 
           {/* Snippets */}
           {displayedSnippets.map((s) => (
-            <button
-              key={s.id}
-              onClick={() => handleSnippetClick(s.command, s.noAutoRun)}
-              className="w-full text-left px-3 py-2 hover:bg-accent/50 transition-colors flex flex-col gap-0.5"
-            >
-              <span className="text-xs font-medium truncate">{s.label}</span>
-              <span className="text-muted-foreground truncate font-mono text-[10px] max-w-full">
-                {s.command}
-              </span>
-            </button>
+            <ContextMenu key={s.id}>
+              <ContextMenuTrigger asChild>
+                <button
+                  onClick={() => handleSnippetClick(s.command, s.noAutoRun)}
+                  className="w-full text-left px-3 py-2 hover:bg-accent/50 transition-colors flex flex-col gap-0.5"
+                >
+                  <span className="text-xs font-medium truncate">{s.label}</span>
+                  <span className="text-muted-foreground truncate font-mono text-[10px] max-w-full">
+                    {s.command}
+                  </span>
+                </button>
+              </ContextMenuTrigger>
+              <ContextMenuContent>
+                <ContextMenuItem onClick={() => handleEditSnippet(s)}>
+                  <Edit2 className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" /> {t('action.edit')}
+                </ContextMenuItem>
+                <ContextMenuItem
+                  className="text-destructive"
+                  onClick={() => handleDeleteSnippet(s.id)}
+                >
+                  <Trash2 className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" /> {t('action.delete')}
+                </ContextMenuItem>
+              </ContextMenuContent>
+            </ContextMenu>
           ))}
 
           {hasAnyContent && displayedSnippets.length === 0 && filteredPackages.length === 0 && search.trim() && (

components/SelectHostPanel.tsx

@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
 import {
-  ArrowLeft,
   Check,
   ChevronRight,
   LayoutGrid,
   Plus,
   Search,
-  X,
 } from "lucide-react";
 import React, { useMemo, useState } from "react";
 import { cn } from "../lib/utils";
@@ -14,6 +12,7 @@ import { Host, SSHKey } from "../types";
 import { ManagedSource } from "../domain/models";
 import { DistroAvatar } from "./DistroAvatar";
 import HostDetailsPanel from "./HostDetailsPanel";
+import { AsidePanel, type AsidePanelLayout } from "./ui/aside-panel";
 import { Button } from "./ui/button";
 import { Input } from "./ui/input";
 import { ScrollArea } from "./ui/scroll-area";
@@ -44,6 +43,7 @@ interface SelectHostPanelProps {
   title?: string;
   subtitle?: string;
   className?: string;
+  layout?: AsidePanelLayout;
 }
 
 const SelectHostPanel: React.FC<SelectHostPanelProps> = ({
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ const SelectHostPanel: React.FC<SelectHostPanelProps> = ({
   title,
   subtitle,
   className,
+  layout = "overlay",
 }) => {
   const { t } = useI18n();
   const panelTitle = title ?? t("selectHost.title");
@@ -205,35 +206,20 @@ const SelectHostPanel: React.FC<SelectHostPanelProps> = ({
 
   return (
     <TooltipProvider delayDuration={300}>
-    <div
+    <AsidePanel
+      open={true}
+      onClose={onBack}
+      title={panelTitle}
+      subtitle={subtitle}
+      showBackButton={true}
+      onBack={onBack}
       className={cn(
-        "absolute right-0 top-0 bottom-0 w-[380px] border-l border-border/60 bg-background z-40 flex flex-col app-no-drag",
+        layout === "overlay" && "z-40",
+        showNewHostPanel && "overflow-visible",
         className,
       )}
+      layout={layout}
     >
-      {/* Header */}
-      <div className="px-4 py-3 border-b border-border/60 flex items-center justify-between gap-3 shrink-0">
-        <div className="flex items-center gap-3 min-w-0">
-          <button
-            onClick={onBack}
-            className="p-1 hover:bg-muted rounded-md transition-colors cursor-pointer shrink-0"
-          >
-            <ArrowLeft size={18} />
-          </button>
-          <div className="min-w-0">
-            <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold">{panelTitle}</h3>
-            {subtitle && (
-              <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">{subtitle}</p>
-            )}
-          </div>
-        </div>
-        <button
-          onClick={onBack}
-          className="p-1.5 hover:bg-muted rounded-md transition-colors cursor-pointer shrink-0"
-        >
-          <X size={18} />
-        </button>
-      </div>
 
       {/* Toolbar */}
       <div className="px-4 py-3 flex items-center gap-2 border-b border-border/60 shrink-0">
@@ -277,7 +263,7 @@ const SelectHostPanel: React.FC<SelectHostPanelProps> = ({
       </div>
 
       {/* Content */}
-      <ScrollArea className="flex-1">
+      <ScrollArea className="flex-1 min-w-0">
         <div className="p-3 space-y-3">
           {/* Breadcrumbs */}
           {currentPath && (
@@ -398,7 +384,7 @@ const SelectHostPanel: React.FC<SelectHostPanelProps> = ({
       </ScrollArea>
 
       {/* Footer */}
-      <div className="px-4 py-3 border-t border-border/60">
+      <div className="px-4 py-3 border-t border-border/60 shrink-0">
         <Button
           className="w-full"
           disabled={selectedHostIds.length === 0}
@@ -436,7 +422,7 @@ const SelectHostPanel: React.FC<SelectHostPanelProps> = ({
           onCreateGroup={onCreateGroup}
         />
       )}
-    </div>
+    </AsidePanel>
     </TooltipProvider>
   );
 };

components/SettingsApplicationTab.tsx

@@ -96,6 +96,18 @@ export default function SettingsApplicationTab({ updateState, checkNow, openRele
     };
   }, [getApplicationInfo]);
 
+  const handleOpenExternal = async (url: string) => {
+    try {
+      await openExternal(url);
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.warn("[SettingsApplicationTab] openExternal failed:", err);
+      toast.error(
+        t("settings.application.openExternal.failedBody"),
+        t("settings.application.openExternal.failedTitle"),
+      );
+    }
+  };
+
   const handleCheckForUpdates = async () => {
     // In demo mode, allow checking even for dev builds
     if (!isUpdateDemoMode && (!appInfo.version || appInfo.version === '0.0.0')) {
@@ -140,7 +152,14 @@ export default function SettingsApplicationTab({ updateState, checkNow, openRele
           <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
             <AppLogo className="w-16 h-16" />
             <div>
-              <div className="text-3xl font-semibold leading-none">{appInfo.name}</div>
+              {/* Match the Vault sidebar wordmark so the Netcatty brand
+                  reads consistently across surfaces — same italic heavy
+                  cut, just scaled up for the Settings hero area and
+                  using the branded mixed-case "Netcatty" instead of
+                  the lowercase electron app name. */}
+              <div className="text-3xl font-black italic tracking-tight leading-none text-foreground">
+                Netcatty
+              </div>
               <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mt-1">
                 <span className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
                   {appInfo.version ? appInfo.version : " "}
@@ -198,25 +217,25 @@ export default function SettingsApplicationTab({ updateState, checkNow, openRele
               icon={<Bug size={18} />}
               title={t("settings.application.reportProblem")}
               subtitle={t("settings.application.reportProblem.subtitle")}
-              onClick={() => void openExternal(issueUrl)}
+              onClick={() => void handleOpenExternal(issueUrl)}
             />
             <ActionRow
               icon={<MessageCircle size={18} />}
               title={t("settings.application.community")}
               subtitle={t("settings.application.community.subtitle")}
-              onClick={() => void openExternal(discussionsUrl)}
+              onClick={() => void handleOpenExternal(discussionsUrl)}
             />
             <ActionRow
               icon={<Github size={18} />}
               title="GitHub"
               subtitle={t("settings.application.github.subtitle")}
-              onClick={() => void openExternal(REPO_URL)}
+              onClick={() => void handleOpenExternal(REPO_URL)}
             />
             <ActionRow
               icon={<Newspaper size={18} />}
               title={t("settings.application.whatsNew")}
               subtitle={t("settings.application.whatsNew.subtitle")}
-              onClick={() => void openExternal(releasesUrl)}
+              onClick={() => void handleOpenExternal(releasesUrl)}
             />
           </div>
         </div>

components/SettingsPage.tsx

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ class AITabErrorBoundary extends React.Component<
         </div>
       );
     }
-    return this.props.children;
+    return (this.props as { children: React.ReactNode }).children;
   }
 }
 
@@ -56,6 +56,8 @@ const SettingsTerminalTabContainer: React.FC<{ settings: SettingsState }> = ({ s
         <SettingsTerminalTab
             terminalThemeId={settings.terminalThemeId}
             setTerminalThemeId={settings.setTerminalThemeId}
+            followAppTerminalTheme={settings.followAppTerminalTheme}
+            setFollowAppTerminalTheme={settings.setFollowAppTerminalTheme}
             terminalFontFamilyId={settings.terminalFontFamilyId}
             setTerminalFontFamilyId={settings.setTerminalFontFamilyId}
             terminalFontSize={settings.terminalFontSize}
@@ -86,6 +88,8 @@ const SettingsAITabContainer: React.FC = () => {
                     setActiveModelId={aiState.setActiveModelId}
                     globalPermissionMode={aiState.globalPermissionMode}
                     setGlobalPermissionMode={aiState.setGlobalPermissionMode}
+                    toolIntegrationMode={aiState.toolIntegrationMode}
+                    setToolIntegrationMode={aiState.setToolIntegrationMode}
                     externalAgents={aiState.externalAgents}
                     setExternalAgents={aiState.setExternalAgents}
                     defaultAgentId={aiState.defaultAgentId}
@@ -282,6 +286,12 @@ const SettingsPageContent: React.FC<{ settings: SettingsState }> = ({ settings }
                             setUiLanguage={settings.setUiLanguage}
                             customCSS={settings.customCSS}
                             setCustomCSS={settings.setCustomCSS}
+                            showRecentHosts={settings.showRecentHosts}
+                            setShowRecentHosts={settings.setShowRecentHosts}
+                            showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot={settings.showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot}
+                            setShowOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot={settings.setShowOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot}
+                            showSftpTab={settings.showSftpTab}
+                            setShowSftpTab={settings.setShowSftpTab}
                         />
                     )}
 

components/SnippetsManager.tsx

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import { Host, ShellHistoryEntry, Snippet, SSHKey } from '../types';
 import { HotkeyScheme, KeyBinding, keyEventToString, ManagedSource, matchesKeyBinding, parseKeyCombo } from '../domain/models';
 import { DistroAvatar } from './DistroAvatar';
 import SelectHostPanel from './SelectHostPanel';
-import { AsidePanel, AsidePanelContent } from './ui/aside-panel';
+import { AsidePanel, AsidePanelContent, AsidePanelFooter } from './ui/aside-panel';
 import { Button } from './ui/button';
 import { Card } from './ui/card';
 import { Combobox, ComboboxOption } from './ui/combobox';
@@ -402,9 +402,15 @@ const SnippetsManager: React.FC<SnippetsManagerProps> = ({
   }, [packages, selectedPackage, snippets]);
 
   const displayedSnippets = useMemo(() => {
-    let result = snippets.filter((s) => (s.package || '') === (selectedPackage || ''));
-    // Apply search filter
-    if (search.trim()) {
+    // Search spans all packages (#777): when the user types in the search
+    // box we drop the current-package scoping so cross-package matches are
+    // reachable without navigating into each one. Otherwise the user is
+    // browsing and we keep the package scope.
+    const hasSearch = search.trim().length > 0;
+    let result = hasSearch
+      ? snippets
+      : snippets.filter((s) => (s.package || '') === (selectedPackage || ''));
+    if (hasSearch) {
       const s = search.toLowerCase();
       result = result.filter(sn =>
         sn.label.toLowerCase().includes(s) ||
@@ -721,6 +727,7 @@ const SnippetsManager: React.FC<SnippetsManagerProps> = ({
           onSaveHost={onSaveHost}
           onCreateGroup={onCreateGroup}
           title={t('snippets.targets.add')}
+          layout="inline"
         />
       );
     }
@@ -731,17 +738,37 @@ const SnippetsManager: React.FC<SnippetsManagerProps> = ({
           open={true}
           onClose={handleClosePanel}
           title={editingSnippet.id ? t('snippets.panel.editTitle') : t('snippets.panel.newTitle')}
+          layout="inline"
           actions={
-            <Button
-              variant="ghost"
-              size="icon"
-              className="h-8 w-8"
-              onClick={handleSubmit}
-              disabled={!editingSnippet.label || !editingSnippet.command}
-              aria-label={t('common.save')}
-            >
-              <Check size={16} />
-            </Button>
+            <>
+              {editingSnippet.id && (
+                <Button
+                  variant="ghost"
+                  size="icon"
+                  className="h-8 w-8 text-destructive hover:text-destructive"
+                  onClick={() => {
+                    const id = editingSnippet.id;
+                    if (!id) return;
+                    onDelete(id);
+                    handleClosePanel();
+                  }}
+                  aria-label={t('common.delete')}
+                  title={t('common.delete')}
+                >
+                  <Trash2 size={16} />
+                </Button>
+              )}
+              <Button
+                variant="ghost"
+                size="icon"
+                className="h-8 w-8"
+                onClick={handleSubmit}
+                disabled={!editingSnippet.label || !editingSnippet.command}
+                aria-label={t('common.save')}
+              >
+                <Check size={16} />
+              </Button>
+            </>
           }
         >
           <AsidePanelContent>
@@ -884,7 +911,7 @@ const SnippetsManager: React.FC<SnippetsManagerProps> = ({
           </AsidePanelContent>
 
           {/* Footer */}
-          <div className="px-4 py-3 border-t border-border/60 shrink-0">
+          <AsidePanelFooter>
             <Button
               className="w-full"
               onClick={handleSubmit}
@@ -892,7 +919,7 @@ const SnippetsManager: React.FC<SnippetsManagerProps> = ({
             >
               {editingSnippet.targets?.length ? t('action.run') : t('common.save')}
             </Button>
-          </div>
+          </AsidePanelFooter>
         </AsidePanel>
       );
     }
@@ -906,6 +933,7 @@ const SnippetsManager: React.FC<SnippetsManagerProps> = ({
           subtitle={t('snippets.history.subtitle', { count: shellHistory.length })}
           showBackButton={true}
           onBack={handleClosePanel}
+          layout="inline"
         >
           {/* History List */}
           <div
@@ -953,10 +981,10 @@ const SnippetsManager: React.FC<SnippetsManagerProps> = ({
 
   return (
     <TooltipProvider delayDuration={300}>
-    <div className="h-full flex gap-3 relative">
+    <div className="h-full min-h-0 flex relative">
       <div className="flex-1 flex flex-col min-h-0 min-w-0 overflow-hidden">
         <header className="border-b border-border/50 bg-secondary/80 backdrop-blur">
-          <div className="h-14 px-4 py-2 flex items-center gap-2">
+          <div className="h-14 px-4 py-2 flex items-center gap-3">
             {/* Search box */}
             <div className="relative w-64">
               <Search size={14} className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 text-muted-foreground" />
@@ -977,7 +1005,7 @@ const SnippetsManager: React.FC<SnippetsManagerProps> = ({
               }}
               size="sm"
               variant="secondary"
-              className="h-10 gap-2"
+              className="h-10 gap-2 bg-foreground/5 text-foreground hover:bg-foreground/10 border-border/40"
             >
               <FolderPlus size={14} className="mr-1" /> {t('snippets.action.newPackage')}
             </Button>
@@ -1046,7 +1074,10 @@ const SnippetsManager: React.FC<SnippetsManagerProps> = ({
         )}
 
         <div className="flex-1 space-y-3 overflow-y-auto px-4 pb-4">
-          {displayedPackages.length > 0 && (
+          {/* Hide the sub-package grid while searching (#777) — search spans
+              all packages, so showing the package tiles alongside a flat
+              cross-package snippet list is noisy. */}
+          {displayedPackages.length > 0 && !search.trim() && (
             <>
               <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                 <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold text-muted-foreground">{t('snippets.section.packages')}</h3>
@@ -1193,6 +1224,29 @@ const SnippetsManager: React.FC<SnippetsManagerProps> = ({
               </div>
             </div>
           )}
+
+          {/* Search-with-no-results feedback (#777 codex follow-up). Package
+              tiles are already hidden during search, so the only visible
+              surface is the flat snippet list — if that's empty the content
+              area would be blank without this fallback. The gate intentionally
+              excludes the fully-empty workspace (snippets.length === 0 AND
+              displayedPackages.length === 0), which the global "Create
+              snippet" empty state renders instead — avoids stacking two
+              empty states. Package-only workspaces (no snippets yet) still
+              get this feedback when searching. */}
+          {search.trim() && displayedSnippets.length === 0 && (snippets.length > 0 || displayedPackages.length > 0) && (
+            <div className="flex flex-col items-center justify-center py-16 text-muted-foreground">
+              <div className="h-14 w-14 rounded-2xl bg-secondary/80 flex items-center justify-center mb-3">
+                <Search size={24} className="opacity-60" />
+              </div>
+              <h3 className="text-base font-semibold text-foreground mb-1">
+                {t('snippets.search.noResults.title')}
+              </h3>
+              <p className="text-xs text-center max-w-sm">
+                {t('snippets.search.noResults.desc', { query: search.trim() })}
+              </p>
+            </div>
+          )}
         </div>
       </div>
 

components/SyncStatusButton.tsx

@@ -136,7 +136,13 @@ export const SyncStatusButton: React.FC<SyncStatusButtonProps> = ({
     // Determine overall status for the button indicator
     const getOverallStatus = (): StatusIndicatorProps['status'] => {
         if (sync.overallSyncStatus === 'syncing') return 'syncing';
-        if (sync.overallSyncStatus === 'error' || sync.overallSyncStatus === 'conflict') return 'error';
+        if (
+            sync.overallSyncStatus === 'error' ||
+            sync.overallSyncStatus === 'conflict' ||
+            sync.overallSyncStatus === 'blocked'
+        ) {
+            return 'error';
+        }
         if (sync.overallSyncStatus === 'synced') return 'synced';
         return 'none';
     };

components/Terminal.tsx

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import {
 import {
   resolveHostTerminalThemeId,
 } from "../domain/terminalAppearance";
+import { classifyDistroId } from "../domain/host";
 import { resolveHostAuth } from "../domain/sshAuth";
 import { useTerminalBackend } from "../application/state/useTerminalBackend";
 import KnownHostConfirmDialog, { HostKeyInfo } from "./KnownHostConfirmDialog";
@@ -48,6 +49,8 @@ import { ZmodemProgressIndicator } from "./terminal/ZmodemProgressIndicator";
 import { useZmodemTransfer } from "./terminal/hooks/useZmodemTransfer";
 import { createTerminalSessionStarters, type PendingAuth } from "./terminal/runtime/createTerminalSessionStarters";
 import { createXTermRuntime, primaryFontFamily, type XTermRuntime } from "./terminal/runtime/createXTermRuntime";
+import { shouldPreserveTerminalFocusOnMouseDown } from "./terminal/toolbarFocus";
+import { preserveTerminalViewportInScrollback } from "./terminal/clearTerminalViewport";
 import { XTERM_PERFORMANCE_CONFIG } from "../infrastructure/config/xtermPerformance";
 import { useTerminalSearch } from "./terminal/hooks/useTerminalSearch";
 import { useTerminalContextActions } from "./terminal/hooks/useTerminalContextActions";
@@ -122,6 +125,7 @@ interface TerminalProps {
   fontFamilyId: string;
   fontSize: number;
   terminalTheme: TerminalTheme;
+  followAppTerminalTheme?: boolean;
   terminalSettings?: TerminalSettings;
   sessionId: string;
   startupCommand?: string;
@@ -196,6 +200,7 @@ const TerminalComponent: React.FC<TerminalProps> = ({
   fontFamilyId,
   fontSize,
   terminalTheme,
+  followAppTerminalTheme = false,
   terminalSettings,
   sessionId,
   startupCommand,
@@ -242,6 +247,11 @@ const TerminalComponent: React.FC<TerminalProps> = ({
   const sessionRef = useRef<string | null>(null);
   const hasConnectedRef = useRef(false);
   const hasRunStartupCommandRef = useRef(false);
+  // Token for an in-flight retry chain. handleRetry sets this to a fresh
+  // symbol; any cancel/close/teardown/subsequent-retry invalidates it. The
+  // chained xterm.write callbacks verify the token before proceeding so a
+  // cancelled retry can't fire a startNewSession after the fact.
+  const retryTokenRef = useRef<symbol | null>(null);
   const terminalDataCapturedRef = useRef(false);
   const onTerminalDataCaptureRef = useRef(onTerminalDataCapture);
   const commandBufferRef = useRef<string>("");
@@ -510,12 +520,33 @@ const TerminalComponent: React.FC<TerminalProps> = ({
   const isLocalConnection = host.protocol === "local";
   const isSerialConnection = host.protocol === "serial";
 
-  // Server stats (CPU, Memory, Disk) — only for Linux/macOS
+  // Server stats (CPU, Memory, Disk) — only for Linux/macOS, and never
+  // for hosts classified as network devices (either via explicit
+  // deviceType='network' or via SSH banner detection that populated
+  // host.distro with a network-vendor ID). See #674: polling the stats
+  // command on Cisco / Huawei / Juniper etc. generates one AAA session
+  // log entry per poll because each exec channel is counted as a new
+  // session on those devices.
+  //
+  // IMPORTANT: this gating must NOT go through getEffectiveHostDistro()
+  // because that honors the manual distro override (`distroMode: 'manual'`
+  // + `manualDistro`) which is purely a cosmetic icon choice. A user who
+  // pinned an "ubuntu" icon on what is actually a Cisco host would
+  // otherwise silently re-enable the polling loop and re-introduce the
+  // AAA log flood this patch is meant to eliminate. The display icon can
+  // still be overridden (see DistroAvatar) — gating uses the raw detected
+  // `host.distro` and the explicit `host.deviceType` only.
+  const detectedDeviceClass = classifyDistroId(host.distro);
+  const isNetworkDevice =
+    host.deviceType === 'network' || detectedDeviceClass === 'network-device';
+  const isSupportedOs =
+    !isNetworkDevice &&
+    (host.os === 'linux' || host.os === 'macos' || detectedDeviceClass === 'linux-like');
   const { stats: serverStats } = useServerStats({
     sessionId,
     enabled: terminalSettings?.showServerStats ?? true,
     refreshInterval: terminalSettings?.serverStatsRefreshInterval ?? 5,
-    isSupportedOs: host.os === 'linux' || host.os === 'macos',
+    isSupportedOs,
     isConnected: status === 'connected',
     isVisible,
   });
@@ -590,6 +621,12 @@ const TerminalComponent: React.FC<TerminalProps> = ({
     termRef.current?.focus();
   }, []);
 
+  const handleTopOverlayMouseDownCapture = useCallback((e: React.MouseEvent<HTMLDivElement>) => {
+    if (e.button !== 0) return;
+    if (!shouldPreserveTerminalFocusOnMouseDown(e.target)) return;
+    e.preventDefault();
+  }, []);
+
   // Subscribe to custom theme changes so editing triggers re-render
   const customThemes = useCustomThemes();
   const hasFontSizeOverride = host.fontSizeOverride === true || (host.fontSizeOverride === undefined && host.fontSize != null);
@@ -612,6 +649,10 @@ const TerminalComponent: React.FC<TerminalProps> = ({
   }, [availableFonts, fontFamilyId, hasFontFamilyOverride, host.fontFamily]);
 
   const effectiveTheme = useMemo(() => {
+    // When "Follow Application Theme" is on and there's no active
+    // preview, skip per-host overrides — all terminals should use the
+    // UI-matched theme passed via terminalTheme prop.
+    if (followAppTerminalTheme && !themePreviewId) return terminalTheme;
     const themeId = themePreviewId ?? resolveHostTerminalThemeId(
       { theme: host.theme, themeOverride: host.themeOverride } as Pick<Host, 'theme' | 'themeOverride'>,
       terminalTheme.id,
@@ -622,7 +663,7 @@ const TerminalComponent: React.FC<TerminalProps> = ({
       if (hostTheme) return hostTheme;
     }
     return terminalTheme;
-  }, [customThemes, host.theme, host.themeOverride, terminalTheme, themePreviewId]);
+  }, [customThemes, followAppTerminalTheme, host.theme, host.themeOverride, terminalTheme, themePreviewId]);
 
   const resolvedChainHosts =
     chainHosts;
@@ -656,6 +697,7 @@ const TerminalComponent: React.FC<TerminalProps> = ({
   };
 
   const teardown = () => {
+    retryTokenRef.current = null;
     cleanupSession();
     xtermRuntimeRef.current?.dispose();
     xtermRuntimeRef.current = null;
@@ -758,6 +800,7 @@ const TerminalComponent: React.FC<TerminalProps> = ({
           // Autocomplete integration
           onAutocompleteKeyEvent: (e: KeyboardEvent) => autocompleteKeyEventRef.current?.(e) ?? true,
           onAutocompleteInput: (data: string) => autocompleteInputRef.current?.(data),
+          isRestoringSelectionRef,
         });
 
         xtermRuntimeRef.current = runtime;
@@ -961,7 +1004,7 @@ const TerminalComponent: React.FC<TerminalProps> = ({
       if (terminalSettings) {
         termRef.current.options.cursorStyle = terminalSettings.cursorShape;
         termRef.current.options.cursorBlink = terminalSettings.cursorBlink;
-        termRef.current.options.scrollback = terminalSettings.scrollback;
+        termRef.current.options.scrollback = terminalSettings.scrollback === 0 ? 999999 : terminalSettings.scrollback;
         termRef.current.options.fontWeight = effectiveFontWeight as
           | 100
           | 200
@@ -1195,7 +1238,7 @@ const TerminalComponent: React.FC<TerminalProps> = ({
       const hasText = !!selection && selection.length > 0;
       setHasSelection(hasText);
 
-      if (hasText && terminalSettings?.copyOnSelect) {
+      if (hasText && terminalSettings?.copyOnSelect && !isRestoringSelectionRef.current) {
         navigator.clipboard.writeText(selection).catch((err) => {
           logger.warn("Copy on select failed:", err);
         });
@@ -1286,6 +1329,12 @@ const TerminalComponent: React.FC<TerminalProps> = ({
   const disableBracketedPasteRef = useRef(terminalSettings?.disableBracketedPaste ?? false);
   disableBracketedPasteRef.current = terminalSettings?.disableBracketedPaste ?? false;
 
+  // True only while createXTermRuntime is programmatically restoring the
+  // selection right after a keystroke (preserveSelectionOnInput). Lets
+  // copy-on-select skip a redundant clipboard write that would otherwise
+  // clobber whatever the user copied elsewhere in the meantime.
+  const isRestoringSelectionRef = useRef(false);
+
   const scrollOnPasteRef = useRef(terminalSettings?.scrollOnPaste ?? true);
   scrollOnPasteRef.current = terminalSettings?.scrollOnPaste ?? true;
 
@@ -1370,6 +1419,7 @@ const TerminalComponent: React.FC<TerminalProps> = ({
   };
 
   const handleCancelConnect = () => {
+    retryTokenRef.current = null;
     setIsCancelling(true);
     auth.setNeedsAuth(false);
     auth.setAuthRetryMessage(null);
@@ -1389,6 +1439,7 @@ const TerminalComponent: React.FC<TerminalProps> = ({
   };
 
   const handleCloseDisconnectedSession = () => {
+    retryTokenRef.current = null;
     onCloseSession?.(sessionId);
   };
 
@@ -1430,10 +1481,15 @@ const TerminalComponent: React.FC<TerminalProps> = ({
   const handleRetry = () => {
     if (!termRef.current) return;
     cleanupSession();
-    // Reset terminal state: disable mouse tracking modes and clear screen so
-    // stale SGR mouse sequences don't leak into the new session as text input.
-    termRef.current.write('\x1b[?1000l\x1b[?1002l\x1b[?1003l\x1b[?1006l');
-    termRef.current.reset();
+    const term = termRef.current;
+    // Claim a fresh retry token. If the user cancels / closes / unmounts /
+    // kicks off another retry while the chained writes below are still
+    // queued, the token will be invalidated and our callbacks will abort
+    // before opening a ghost backend session with no owning UI.
+    const retryToken = Symbol("retry");
+    retryTokenRef.current = retryToken;
+    const retryStillActive = () => retryTokenRef.current === retryToken && termRef.current === term;
+
     auth.resetForRetry();
     terminalDataCapturedRef.current = false;
     hasRunStartupCommandRef.current = false;
@@ -1442,17 +1498,51 @@ const TerminalComponent: React.FC<TerminalProps> = ({
     setError(null);
     setProgressLogs(["Retrying secure channel..."]);
     setShowLogs(true);
-    if (host.protocol === "serial") {
-      sessionStarters.startSerial(termRef.current);
-    } else if (host.protocol === "local" || host.hostname === "localhost") {
-      sessionStarters.startLocal(termRef.current);
-    } else if (host.protocol === "telnet") {
-      sessionStarters.startTelnet(termRef.current);
-    } else if (host.moshEnabled) {
-      sessionStarters.startMosh(termRef.current);
-    } else {
-      sessionStarters.startSSH(termRef.current);
-    }
+
+    const startNewSession = () => {
+      if (!retryStillActive()) return;
+      if (host.protocol === "serial") {
+        sessionStarters.startSerial(term);
+      } else if (host.protocol === "local" || host.hostname === "localhost") {
+        sessionStarters.startLocal(term);
+      } else if (host.protocol === "telnet") {
+        sessionStarters.startTelnet(term);
+      } else if (host.moshEnabled) {
+        sessionStarters.startMosh(term);
+      } else {
+        sessionStarters.startSSH(term);
+      }
+    };
+
+    // Chain the whole preparation through xterm.write callbacks so everything
+    // lands in strict order — see #695. xterm.write is async, so without
+    // chaining, a fast reconnect path (local/serial especially) can interleave
+    // the new session's first bytes with our reset sequence, corrupting the
+    // first screen.
+    //
+    // 1. Exit the alternate screen first. preserveTerminalViewportInScrollback
+    //    is a no-op on the alt buffer (disconnect while in vim/less/top), so
+    //    we must be on the normal buffer before preserving.
+    term.write('\x1b[?1049l', () => {
+      if (!retryStillActive()) return;
+      // 2. Push the previous session's viewport into scrollback so the user
+      //    can still read it after reconnect.
+      preserveTerminalViewportInScrollback(term);
+      // 3. Soft terminal reset (DECSTR, \x1b[!p) resets VT220-era modes that
+      //    full-screen apps may have left on — DECCKM (otherwise arrow keys
+      //    emit SS3 and break readline history), keypad mode, SGR,
+      //    insert/replace, origin, cursor visibility — without clearing the
+      //    buffer. DECSTR does not cover xterm-specific extensions, so also
+      //    explicitly disable mouse tracking (1000/1002/1003/1006) and
+      //    bracketed paste (2004). Finally home the cursor.
+      term.write(
+        '\x1b[!p\x1b[?1000l\x1b[?1002l\x1b[?1003l\x1b[?1006l\x1b[?2004l\x1b[H',
+        // 4. Only now — after every prep byte has been applied to the
+        //    terminal — start the new session, so its first output can't
+        //    interleave with the reset sequence.
+        startNewSession,
+      );
+    });
   };
 
   const shouldShowConnectionDialog = status !== "connected"
@@ -1587,6 +1677,7 @@ const TerminalComponent: React.FC<TerminalProps> = ({
       isAlternateScreen={hasMouseTracking}
       onCopy={terminalContextActions.onCopy}
       onPaste={terminalContextActions.onPaste}
+      onPasteSelection={terminalContextActions.onPasteSelection}
       onSelectAll={terminalContextActions.onSelectAll}
       onClear={terminalContextActions.onClear}
       onSelectWord={terminalContextActions.onSelectWord}
@@ -1629,6 +1720,7 @@ const TerminalComponent: React.FC<TerminalProps> = ({
         <div className="absolute left-0 right-0 top-0 z-20 pointer-events-none">
           <div
             className="flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-0.5 backdrop-blur-md pointer-events-auto min-w-0"
+            onMouseDownCapture={handleTopOverlayMouseDownCapture}
             style={{
               backgroundColor: 'var(--terminal-ui-bg)',
               color: 'var(--terminal-ui-fg)',

components/TerminalLayer.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { Circle, FolderTree, LayoutGrid, MessageSquare, PanelLeft, PanelRight, Palette, Server, X, Zap } from 'lucide-react';
+import { Circle, Columns2, FolderTree, MessageSquare, PanelLeft, PanelRight, Palette, Plus, Search, Server, X, Zap } from 'lucide-react';
 import React, { createContext, memo, startTransition, useCallback, useContext, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react';
 import { useActiveTabId } from '../application/state/activeTabStore';
 import {
@@ -29,10 +29,14 @@ import { cn, normalizeLineEndings } from '../lib/utils';
 import { detectLocalOs } from '../lib/localShell';
 import { useStoredString } from '../application/state/useStoredString';
 import { useStoredNumber } from '../application/state/useStoredNumber';
-import { STORAGE_KEY_SIDE_PANEL_WIDTH } from '../infrastructure/config/storageKeys';
+import {
+  STORAGE_KEY_SIDE_PANEL_WIDTH,
+  STORAGE_KEY_WORKSPACE_FOCUS_SIDEBAR_WIDTH,
+} from '../infrastructure/config/storageKeys';
 import { buildCacheKey } from '../application/state/sftp/sharedRemoteHostCache';
 import type { DropEntry } from '../lib/sftpFileUtils';
 import { GroupConfig, Host, Identity, KnownHost, SSHKey, Snippet, TerminalSession, TerminalTheme, Workspace, WorkspaceNode } from '../types';
+import type { ExecutorContext } from '../infrastructure/ai/cattyAgent/executor';
 import { resolveGroupDefaults, applyGroupDefaults } from '../domain/groupConfig';
 import { DistroAvatar } from './DistroAvatar';
 import Terminal from './Terminal';
@@ -40,11 +44,13 @@ import { SftpSidePanel } from './SftpSidePanel';
 import { ScriptsSidePanel } from './ScriptsSidePanel';
 import { ThemeSidePanel } from './terminal/ThemeSidePanel';
 import { AIChatSidePanel } from './AIChatSidePanel';
-import { cleanupOrphanedAISessions, useAIState } from '../application/state/useAIState';
+import { useAIState } from '../application/state/useAIState';
 import { TerminalComposeBar } from './terminal/TerminalComposeBar';
 import { TERMINAL_THEMES } from '../infrastructure/config/terminalThemes';
 import { useCustomThemes } from '../application/state/customThemeStore';
 import { Button } from './ui/button';
+import { Input } from './ui/input';
+import { RippleButton } from './ui/ripple';
 import { ScrollArea } from './ui/scroll-area';
 import { setupMcpApprovalBridge } from '../infrastructure/ai/shared/approvalGate';
 
@@ -259,6 +265,10 @@ interface AIChatPanelsHostProps {
   }) => ExecutorContext;
 }
 
+interface AIStateMaintenanceHostProps {
+  validAIScopeTargetIds: Set<string>;
+}
+
 const AIStateProviderInner: React.FC<{ children: React.ReactNode }> = ({ children }) => {
   const aiState = useAIState();
   return (
@@ -271,6 +281,27 @@ const AIStateProviderInner: React.FC<{ children: React.ReactNode }> = ({ childre
 const AIStateProvider = memo(AIStateProviderInner);
 AIStateProvider.displayName = 'AIStateProvider';
 
+const AIStateMaintenanceHostInner: React.FC<AIStateMaintenanceHostProps> = ({
+  validAIScopeTargetIds,
+}) => {
+  const aiState = useContext(AIStateContext);
+
+  if (!aiState) {
+    throw new Error('AIStateMaintenanceHost must be rendered inside AIStateProvider');
+  }
+
+  const { cleanupOrphanedSessions } = aiState;
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    cleanupOrphanedSessions(validAIScopeTargetIds);
+  }, [cleanupOrphanedSessions, validAIScopeTargetIds]);
+
+  return null;
+};
+
+const AIStateMaintenanceHost = memo(AIStateMaintenanceHostInner);
+AIStateMaintenanceHost.displayName = 'AIStateMaintenanceHost';
+
 const AIChatPanelsHostInner: React.FC<AIChatPanelsHostProps> = ({
   mountedTabIds,
   activeTabId,
@@ -300,12 +331,20 @@ const AIChatPanelsHostInner: React.FC<AIChatPanelsHostProps> = ({
             <AIChatSidePanel
               sessions={aiState.sessions}
               activeSessionIdMap={aiState.activeSessionIdMap}
+              draftsByScope={aiState.draftsByScope}
+              panelViewByScope={aiState.panelViewByScope}
               setActiveSessionId={aiState.setActiveSessionId}
+              ensureDraftForScope={aiState.ensureDraftForScope}
+              updateDraft={aiState.updateDraft}
+              showDraftView={aiState.showDraftView}
+              showSessionView={aiState.showSessionView}
+              clearDraftForScope={aiState.clearDraftForScope}
+              addDraftFiles={aiState.addDraftFiles}
+              removeDraftFile={aiState.removeDraftFile}
               createSession={aiState.createSession}
               deleteSession={aiState.deleteSession}
               updateSessionTitle={aiState.updateSessionTitle}
               updateSessionExternalSessionId={aiState.updateSessionExternalSessionId}
-              retargetSessionScope={aiState.retargetSessionScope}
               addMessageToSession={aiState.addMessageToSession}
               updateLastMessage={aiState.updateLastMessage}
               updateMessageById={aiState.updateMessageById}
@@ -313,6 +352,7 @@ const AIChatPanelsHostInner: React.FC<AIChatPanelsHostProps> = ({
               activeProviderId={aiState.activeProviderId}
               activeModelId={aiState.activeModelId}
               defaultAgentId={aiState.defaultAgentId}
+              toolIntegrationMode={aiState.toolIntegrationMode}
               externalAgents={aiState.externalAgents}
               setExternalAgents={aiState.setExternalAgents}
               agentModelMap={aiState.agentModelMap}
@@ -352,6 +392,7 @@ interface TerminalLayerProps {
   knownHosts?: KnownHost[];
   draggingSessionId: string | null;
   terminalTheme: TerminalTheme;
+  followAppTerminalTheme?: boolean;
   terminalSettings?: TerminalSettings;
   terminalFontFamilyId: string;
   fontSize?: number;
@@ -371,6 +412,7 @@ interface TerminalLayerProps {
   onTerminalDataCapture?: (sessionId: string, data: string) => void;
   onCreateWorkspaceFromSessions: (baseSessionId: string, joiningSessionId: string, hint: Exclude<SplitHint, null>) => void;
   onAddSessionToWorkspace: (workspaceId: string, sessionId: string, hint: Exclude<SplitHint, null>) => void;
+  onRequestAddToWorkspace?: (workspaceId: string) => void;
   onUpdateSplitSizes: (workspaceId: string, splitId: string, sizes: number[]) => void;
   onSetDraggingSessionId: (id: string | null) => void;
   onToggleWorkspaceViewMode?: (workspaceId: string) => void;
@@ -393,6 +435,8 @@ interface TerminalLayerProps {
   sessionLogsEnabled?: boolean;
   sessionLogsDir?: string;
   sessionLogsFormat?: string;
+  closeSidePanelRef?: React.MutableRefObject<(() => void) | null>;
+  activeSidePanelTabRef?: React.MutableRefObject<string | null>;
 }
 
 const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
@@ -407,6 +451,7 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
   knownHosts = [],
   draggingSessionId,
   terminalTheme,
+  followAppTerminalTheme = false,
   terminalSettings,
   terminalFontFamilyId,
   fontSize = 14,
@@ -426,6 +471,7 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
   onTerminalDataCapture,
   onCreateWorkspaceFromSessions,
   onAddSessionToWorkspace,
+  onRequestAddToWorkspace,
   onUpdateSplitSizes,
   onSetDraggingSessionId,
   onToggleWorkspaceViewMode,
@@ -445,6 +491,8 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
   sessionLogsEnabled,
   sessionLogsDir,
   sessionLogsFormat,
+  closeSidePanelRef,
+  activeSidePanelTabRef,
 }) => {
   // Subscribe to activeTabId from external store
   const activeTabId = useActiveTabId();
@@ -559,6 +607,8 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
   const workspaceInnerRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   const workspaceOverlayRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   const [dropHint, setDropHint] = useState<SplitHint>(null);
+  // Focus-mode sidebar: client-side filter for the terminal list.
+  const [focusSidebarSearch, setFocusSidebarSearch] = useState('');
   const [themePreview, setThemePreview] = useState<{ targetSessionId: string | null; themeId: string | null }>({
     targetSessionId: null,
     themeId: null,
@@ -613,6 +663,9 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
   const [sidePanelWidth, setSidePanelWidth, persistSidePanelWidth] = useStoredNumber(
     STORAGE_KEY_SIDE_PANEL_WIDTH, 420, { min: 280, max: 800 },
   );
+  const [focusSidebarWidth, setFocusSidebarWidth, persistFocusSidebarWidth] = useStoredNumber(
+    STORAGE_KEY_WORKSPACE_FOCUS_SIDEBAR_WIDTH, 224, { min: 160, max: 480 },
+  );
   const [sidePanelPosition, setSidePanelPosition] = useStoredString<'left' | 'right'>(
     'netcatty_side_panel_position',
     'left',
@@ -625,6 +678,9 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
   // Whether side panel is open for the currently active tab and which sub-panel
   const isSidePanelOpenForCurrentTab = activeTabId ? sidePanelOpenTabs.has(activeTabId) : false;
   const activeSidePanelTab = activeTabId ? sidePanelOpenTabs.get(activeTabId) ?? null : null;
+  if (activeSidePanelTabRef) {
+    activeSidePanelTabRef.current = activeSidePanelTab;
+  }
 
   // Legacy compatibility helpers for SFTP-specific logic
   const isSftpOpenForCurrentTab = activeSidePanelTab === 'sftp';
@@ -737,6 +793,35 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
     });
   }, []);
 
+  // Focus-mode workspace sidebar resize handler. The sidebar is always
+  // anchored to the left of the workspace area, so a rightward drag grows it.
+  const handleFocusSidebarResizeStart = useCallback((e: React.MouseEvent) => {
+    e.preventDefault();
+    const startX = e.clientX;
+    const startWidth = focusSidebarWidth;
+
+    let lastWidth = startWidth;
+    let rafId: number | null = null;
+    const onMouseMove = (ev: MouseEvent) => {
+      const delta = ev.clientX - startX;
+      lastWidth = Math.max(160, Math.min(480, startWidth + delta));
+      if (rafId !== null) return;
+      rafId = requestAnimationFrame(() => {
+        rafId = null;
+        setFocusSidebarWidth(lastWidth);
+      });
+    };
+    const onMouseUp = () => {
+      if (rafId !== null) cancelAnimationFrame(rafId);
+      setFocusSidebarWidth(lastWidth);
+      persistFocusSidebarWidth(lastWidth);
+      window.removeEventListener('mousemove', onMouseMove);
+      window.removeEventListener('mouseup', onMouseUp);
+    };
+    window.addEventListener('mousemove', onMouseMove);
+    window.addEventListener('mouseup', onMouseUp);
+  }, [focusSidebarWidth, setFocusSidebarWidth, persistFocusSidebarWidth]);
+
   // Side panel resize handler
   const handleSidePanelResizeStart = useCallback((e: React.MouseEvent) => {
     e.preventDefault();
@@ -849,7 +934,7 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
     return map;
   }, [sessions, sessionHostsMap, hostMap, groupConfigs]);
 
-  const validTerminalTabIds = useMemo(() => {
+  const validAIScopeTargetIds = useMemo(() => {
     const ids = new Set<string>();
     for (const session of sessions) ids.add(session.id);
     for (const workspace of workspaces) ids.add(workspace.id);
@@ -937,16 +1022,12 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
   }, [workspaces]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
-    setSidePanelOpenTabs(prev => filterTabsMap(prev, validTerminalTabIds));
-    setSftpHostForTab(prev => filterTabsMap(prev, validTerminalTabIds));
-    setSftpInitialLocationForTab(prev => filterTabsMap(prev, validTerminalTabIds));
-    setSftpPendingUploadsForTab(prev => filterTabsMap(prev, validTerminalTabIds));
+    setSidePanelOpenTabs(prev => filterTabsMap(prev, validAIScopeTargetIds));
+    setSftpHostForTab(prev => filterTabsMap(prev, validAIScopeTargetIds));
+    setSftpInitialLocationForTab(prev => filterTabsMap(prev, validAIScopeTargetIds));
+    setSftpPendingUploadsForTab(prev => filterTabsMap(prev, validAIScopeTargetIds));
     sessionActivityStore.prune(validSessionActivityIds);
-  }, [validSessionActivityIds, validTerminalTabIds]);
-
-  useEffect(() => {
-    cleanupOrphanedAISessions(validTerminalTabIds);
-  }, [validTerminalTabIds]);
+  }, [validSessionActivityIds, validAIScopeTargetIds]);
 
   const computeWorkspaceRects = useCallback((workspace?: Workspace, size?: { width: number; height: number }): Record<string, WorkspaceRect> => {
     if (!workspace) return {} as Record<string, WorkspaceRect>;
@@ -1225,9 +1306,25 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
     }
   }, [activeWorkspace?.focusedSessionId, activeSession?.id, terminalBackend]);
 
+  const refocusTerminalSession = useCallback((sessionId?: string | null) => {
+    if (!sessionId) return;
+
+    const focusTarget = () => {
+      const pane = document.querySelector(`[data-session-id="${sessionId}"]`);
+      const textarea = pane?.querySelector('textarea.xterm-helper-textarea') as HTMLTextAreaElement | null;
+      textarea?.focus();
+    };
+
+    requestAnimationFrame(() => {
+      focusTarget();
+      setTimeout(focusTarget, 50);
+    });
+  }, []);
+
   // Close the entire side panel for the current tab
   const handleCloseSidePanel = useCallback(() => {
     if (!activeTabId) return;
+    const sessionIdToRefocus = activeWorkspace?.focusedSessionId ?? activeSession?.id;
     setSidePanelOpenTabs(prev => {
       const next = new Map(prev);
       next.delete(activeTabId);
@@ -1250,7 +1347,16 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
       next.delete(activeTabId);
       return next;
     });
-  }, [activeTabId]);
+    refocusTerminalSession(sessionIdToRefocus);
+  }, [activeTabId, activeWorkspace?.focusedSessionId, activeSession?.id, refocusTerminalSession]);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!closeSidePanelRef) return;
+    closeSidePanelRef.current = handleCloseSidePanel;
+    return () => {
+      closeSidePanelRef.current = null;
+    };
+  }, [closeSidePanelRef, handleCloseSidePanel]);
 
   // Switch side panel to a specific tab (or toggle if already on that tab)
   const handleSwitchSidePanelTab = useCallback((tab: SidePanelTab) => {
@@ -1386,6 +1492,10 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
     if (!focusedHost) return true;
     return !hostMap.has(focusedHost.id);
   }, [focusedHost, isFocusedHostLocal, hostMap]);
+  const rawFocusedHost = useMemo(() => {
+    if (!focusedHost) return null;
+    return hostMap.get(focusedHost.id) ?? null;
+  }, [focusedHost, hostMap]);
   const previewTargetSessionId = activeWorkspace?.focusedSessionId ?? activeSession?.id ?? null;
   const activeThemePreviewId = themePreview.targetSessionId === previewTargetSessionId
     ? themePreview.themeId
@@ -1400,9 +1510,11 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
   const focusedFontSizeOverridden = hasHostFontSizeOverride(focusedHost);
   const focusedFontWeight = resolveHostTerminalFontWeight(focusedHost, terminalSettings?.fontWeight ?? 400);
   const focusedFontWeightOverridden = hasHostFontWeightOverride(focusedHost);
+  const visibleFocusedThemeId = followAppTerminalTheme ? terminalTheme.id : focusedThemeId;
+  const previewedOrVisibleThemeId = activeThemePreviewId ?? visibleFocusedThemeId;
   const activeTopTabsThemeId = activeSidePanelTab === 'theme' && previewTargetSessionId
-    ? (activeThemePreviewId ?? focusedThemeId)
-    : (isVisible ? focusedThemeId : null);
+    ? previewedOrVisibleThemeId
+    : (isVisible ? visibleFocusedThemeId : null);
   const appliedPreviewSessionRef = useRef<string | null>(null);
   const customThemes = useCustomThemes();
   const applyTerminalPreviewVars = useCallback((sessionId: string | null, themeId: string | null) => {
@@ -1493,10 +1605,28 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
     clearTopTabsPreviewVars();
   }, [activeTopTabsThemeId, applyTopTabsPreviewVars]);
 
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!followAppTerminalTheme) return;
+    if (themeCommitTimerRef.current) {
+      clearTimeout(themeCommitTimerRef.current);
+      themeCommitTimerRef.current = null;
+    }
+    const appliedSessionId = appliedPreviewSessionRef.current;
+    if (appliedSessionId) {
+      clearTerminalPreviewVars(appliedSessionId);
+      appliedPreviewSessionRef.current = null;
+    }
+    clearTopTabsPreviewVars();
+    if (themePreview.targetSessionId || themePreview.themeId) {
+      setThemePreview({ targetSessionId: null, themeId: null });
+    }
+  }, [followAppTerminalTheme, themePreview.targetSessionId, themePreview.themeId]);
+
   useEffect(() => {
     const panelOpen = activeSidePanelTab === 'theme' && !!previewTargetSessionId;
     const shouldKeepPreview =
       panelOpen &&
+      themePreview.targetSessionId === previewTargetSessionId &&
       !!themePreview.targetSessionId &&
       !!themePreview.themeId;
 
@@ -1516,14 +1646,14 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
     if (
       themePreview.targetSessionId === previewTargetSessionId &&
       themePreview.themeId &&
-      themePreview.themeId === focusedThemeId
+      themePreview.themeId === visibleFocusedThemeId
     ) {
       setThemePreview({ targetSessionId: null, themeId: null });
     }
-  }, [focusedThemeId, previewTargetSessionId, themePreview]);
+  }, [previewTargetSessionId, themePreview, visibleFocusedThemeId]);
 
   const handleThemeChangeForFocusedSession = useCallback((themeId: string) => {
-    if (!focusedHost || themeId === focusedThemeId) return;
+    if (!focusedHost || themeId === previewedOrVisibleThemeId) return;
     applyTerminalPreviewVars(previewTargetSessionId, themeId);
     applyTopTabsPreviewVars(themeId);
     setThemePreview({ targetSessionId: previewTargetSessionId, themeId });
@@ -1536,10 +1666,12 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
           onUpdateTerminalThemeId?.(themeId);
           return;
         }
-        onUpdateHost({ ...focusedHost, theme: themeId, themeOverride: true });
+        if (rawFocusedHost) {
+          onUpdateHost({ ...rawFocusedHost, theme: themeId, themeOverride: true });
+        }
       });
     }, 160);
-  }, [applyTerminalPreviewVars, applyTopTabsPreviewVars, focusedHost, focusedThemeId, isFocusedHostEphemeral, onUpdateTerminalThemeId, onUpdateHost, previewTargetSessionId]);
+  }, [applyTerminalPreviewVars, applyTopTabsPreviewVars, focusedHost, isFocusedHostEphemeral, onUpdateTerminalThemeId, onUpdateHost, previewTargetSessionId, previewedOrVisibleThemeId, rawFocusedHost]);
 
   const handleThemeResetForFocusedSession = useCallback(() => {
     if (themeCommitTimerRef.current) {
@@ -1547,9 +1679,9 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
     }
     clearTerminalPreviewVars(previewTargetSessionId);
     setThemePreview({ targetSessionId: null, themeId: null });
-    if (!focusedHost || isFocusedHostEphemeral) return;
-    onUpdateHost(clearHostThemeOverride(focusedHost));
-  }, [focusedHost, isFocusedHostEphemeral, onUpdateHost, previewTargetSessionId]);
+    if (!focusedHost || isFocusedHostEphemeral || !rawFocusedHost) return;
+    onUpdateHost(clearHostThemeOverride(rawFocusedHost));
+  }, [focusedHost, isFocusedHostEphemeral, onUpdateHost, previewTargetSessionId, rawFocusedHost]);
 
   const handleFontFamilyChangeForFocusedSession = useCallback((fontFamilyId: string) => {
     if (!focusedHost || fontFamilyId === focusedFontFamilyId) return;
@@ -1617,8 +1749,8 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
   // recomputing scope resolution from scratch on every tab switch.
   const aiContextsByTabId = useMemo(() => {
     const localOs = detectLocalOs(navigator.userAgent || navigator.platform);
-    const sessionById = new Map(sessions.map((session) => [session.id, session]));
-    const workspaceById = new Map(workspaces.map((workspace) => [workspace.id, workspace]));
+    const sessionById = new Map<string, TerminalSession>(sessions.map((session) => [session.id, session]));
+    const workspaceById = new Map<string, Workspace>(workspaces.map((workspace) => [workspace.id, workspace]));
     const tabIds = new Set<string>(mountedAiTabIds);
     if (activeTabId) tabIds.add(activeTabId);
 
@@ -1699,11 +1831,11 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
   }, []);
 
   const resolvedPreviewTheme = useMemo(() => {
-    const themeId = activeThemePreviewId ?? focusedThemeId;
+    const themeId = previewedOrVisibleThemeId;
     return TERMINAL_THEMES.find((theme) => theme.id === themeId)
       || customThemes.find((theme) => theme.id === themeId)
       || terminalTheme;
-  }, [activeThemePreviewId, customThemes, focusedThemeId, terminalTheme]);
+  }, [customThemes, previewedOrVisibleThemeId, terminalTheme]);
   const sessionLogConfig = useMemo(
     () =>
       sessionLogsEnabled && sessionLogsDir
@@ -1818,31 +1950,97 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
   const renderFocusModeSidebar = () => {
     if (!activeWorkspace || !isFocusMode) return null;
 
+    // Use terminal-theme colors for every surface in here so the sidebar
+    // stays readable when the app theme and terminal theme diverge
+    // (e.g. followAppTerminalTheme=off, light app + dark terminal).
+    // Tailwind's bg-foreground/* / text-foreground classes bind to app
+    // theme vars, so we derive row colors from the terminal theme
+    // directly with color-mix.
+    const termBg = resolvedPreviewTheme.colors.background;
+    const termFg = resolvedPreviewTheme.colors.foreground;
+    const selectedBg = `color-mix(in srgb, ${termFg} 10%, transparent)`;
+    const selectedHoverBg = `color-mix(in srgb, ${termFg} 15%, transparent)`;
+    const unselectedHoverBg = `color-mix(in srgb, ${termFg} 10%, transparent)`;
+    const unselectedFg = `color-mix(in srgb, ${termFg} 75%, ${termBg} 25%)`;
+    const mutedFg = `color-mix(in srgb, ${termFg} 55%, ${termBg} 45%)`;
+    const separator = `color-mix(in srgb, ${termFg} 10%, ${termBg} 90%)`;
+
     return (
       <div
-        className="w-56 flex-shrink-0 bg-secondary/50 border-r border-border/50 flex flex-col"
+        className="flex-shrink-0 flex flex-col relative"
+        style={{
+          width: focusSidebarWidth,
+          // Paint the sidebar with the terminal's theme background so it
+          // reads as one continuous surface with the focused terminal
+          // (instead of a distinct tinted panel sitting next to it).
+          backgroundColor: termBg,
+          color: termFg,
+          borderRight: `1px solid ${separator}`,
+        }}
         data-section="terminal-workspace-sidebar"
       >
-        {/* Header with view toggle */}
-        <div className="h-10 flex items-center justify-between px-3 border-b border-border/50">
-          <span className="text-xs font-medium text-muted-foreground">
-            Terminals · {workspaceSessions.length}
-          </span>
+        {/* Resize handle sitting on the right edge of the sidebar. */}
+        <div
+          className="absolute top-0 right-[-3px] h-full w-2 cursor-ew-resize z-30"
+          onMouseDown={handleFocusSidebarResizeStart}
+        />
+        {/* Header — search box + actions (matches Vault-sidebar search
+            style but skinned to the terminal theme so it blends with the
+            sidebar's bg). */}
+        <div
+          className="h-11 flex items-center gap-1.5 px-2"
+          style={{ borderBottom: `1px solid ${separator}` }}
+        >
+          <div className="relative flex-1 min-w-0">
+            <Search
+              size={12}
+              className="absolute left-1 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 pointer-events-none"
+              style={{ color: mutedFg }}
+            />
+            <Input
+              value={focusSidebarSearch}
+              onChange={(e) => setFocusSidebarSearch(e.target.value)}
+              placeholder="Search terminals..."
+              className="h-7 pl-6 pr-0 text-xs bg-transparent border-0 shadow-none focus-visible:ring-0 focus-visible:ring-offset-0"
+              style={{ color: termFg }}
+            />
+          </div>
+          {onRequestAddToWorkspace && (
+            <Button
+              variant="ghost"
+              size="sm"
+              className="h-7 w-7 p-0 flex-shrink-0 hover:text-inherit"
+              style={{ color: mutedFg }}
+              onClick={() => onRequestAddToWorkspace(activeWorkspace.id)}
+              title="Add Terminal"
+            >
+              <Plus size={14} />
+            </Button>
+          )}
           <Button
             variant="ghost"
             size="sm"
-            className="h-7 w-7 p-0"
+            className="h-7 w-7 p-0 flex-shrink-0 hover:text-inherit"
+            style={{ color: mutedFg }}
             onClick={() => onToggleWorkspaceViewMode?.(activeWorkspace.id)}
             title="Switch to Split View"
           >
-            <LayoutGrid size={14} />
+            <Columns2 size={14} />
           </Button>
         </div>
 
         {/* Session list */}
         <ScrollArea className="flex-1">
           <div className="p-2 space-y-1">
-            {workspaceSessions.map(session => {
+            {workspaceSessions.filter((session) => {
+              const term = focusSidebarSearch.trim().toLowerCase();
+              if (!term) return true;
+              return (
+                session.hostLabel?.toLowerCase().includes(term)
+                || session.hostname?.toLowerCase().includes(term)
+                || session.username?.toLowerCase().includes(term)
+              );
+            }).map(session => {
               const host = sessionHostsMap.get(session.id);
               const isSelected = session.id === focusedSessionId;
               const statusColor = session.status === 'connected'
@@ -1851,35 +2049,49 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
                   ? 'text-amber-500'
                   : 'text-red-500';
 
+              const restBg = isSelected ? selectedBg : 'transparent';
+              const hoverBg = isSelected ? selectedHoverBg : unselectedHoverBg;
+              const rowFg = isSelected ? termFg : unselectedFg;
+
               return (
-                <div
+                <RippleButton
                   key={session.id}
-                  className={cn(
-                    "flex items-center gap-2 px-2 py-1.5 rounded-md cursor-pointer transition-colors",
-                    isSelected
-                      ? "bg-primary/15 border border-primary/30"
-                      : "hover:bg-secondary/80 border border-transparent"
-                  )}
+                  variant="ghost"
+                  // Row colors are terminal-theme derived (see renderFocusModeSidebar
+                  // top). `hover:text-inherit` pins text against ghost variant's
+                  // hover:text-accent-foreground default; hover bg is swapped
+                  // via inline style so we stay on terminal-theme alpha rather
+                  // than Tailwind's app-theme foreground color.
+                  className="w-full h-auto justify-start gap-2 px-2 py-1.5 font-normal hover:text-inherit"
+                  style={{ backgroundColor: restBg, color: rowFg }}
+                  onMouseEnter={(e) => {
+                    e.currentTarget.style.backgroundColor = hoverBg;
+                  }}
+                  onMouseLeave={(e) => {
+                    e.currentTarget.style.backgroundColor = restBg;
+                  }}
                   onClick={() => onSetWorkspaceFocusedSession?.(activeWorkspace.id, session.id)}
                 >
-                  <div className="relative">
+                  <div className="relative flex-shrink-0">
                     {host ? (
                       <DistroAvatar host={host} fallback={session.hostLabel} size="sm" />
                     ) : (
-                      <Server size={16} className="text-muted-foreground" />
+                      <Server size={16} style={{ color: mutedFg }} />
                     )}
                     <Circle
                       size={6}
                       className={cn("absolute -bottom-0.5 -right-0.5 fill-current", statusColor)}
                     />
                   </div>
-                  <div className="flex-1 min-w-0">
-                    <div className="text-xs font-medium truncate">{session.hostLabel}</div>
-                    <div className="text-[10px] text-muted-foreground truncate">
+                  <div className="flex-1 min-w-0 text-left">
+                    <div className={cn("text-xs truncate", isSelected ? "font-semibold" : "font-medium")}>
+                      {session.hostLabel}
+                    </div>
+                    <div className="text-[10px] truncate" style={{ color: mutedFg }}>
                       {session.username}@{session.hostname}
                     </div>
                   </div>
-                </div>
+                </RippleButton>
               );
             })}
           </div>
@@ -1890,6 +2102,7 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
 
   return (
     <AIStateProvider>
+      <AIStateMaintenanceHost validAIScopeTargetIds={validAIScopeTargetIds} />
       <div
         ref={workspaceOuterRef}
         className="absolute inset-0 bg-background flex flex-col"
@@ -1900,14 +2113,18 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
           zIndex: isTerminalLayerVisible ? 10 : 0,
         }}
       >
-        <div className={cn("flex-1 flex min-h-0 relative", sidePanelPosition === 'right' && "flex-row-reverse")}>
-        {/* Side panel with tab header + content (SFTP / Scripts / Theme) */}
+        <div className="flex-1 flex min-h-0 relative">
+        {/* Side panel with tab header + content (SFTP / Scripts / Theme).
+            Uses `order-last` instead of flex-row-reverse on the parent so the
+            workspace focus-mode sidebar and terminal area below stay in source
+            order (sidebar on the left) regardless of the side panel's side. */}
         {(isSidePanelOpenForCurrentTab || mountedSftpTabIds.length > 0 || mountedAiTabIds.length > 0) && (
           <>
             <div
               style={{ width: isSidePanelOpenForCurrentTab ? sidePanelWidth : 0 }}
               className={cn(
                 "flex-shrink-0 h-full relative z-20",
+                sidePanelPosition === 'right' && "order-last",
               )}
             >
               {isSidePanelOpenForCurrentTab && (
@@ -1944,7 +2161,10 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
                     <Button
                       variant="ghost"
                       size="icon"
-                      className="h-7 w-7 rounded-md p-0 hover:bg-transparent"
+                      data-tab-id="sftp"
+                      data-tab-type="sidepanel"
+                      data-state={activeSidePanelTab === 'sftp' ? 'active' : 'inactive'}
+                      className="netcatty-tab h-7 w-7 rounded-md p-0 hover:bg-transparent"
                       style={{
                         color: activeSidePanelTab === 'sftp'
                           ? 'var(--terminal-sidepanel-fg)'
@@ -1958,7 +2178,10 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
                     <Button
                       variant="ghost"
                       size="icon"
-                      className="h-7 w-7 rounded-md p-0 hover:bg-transparent"
+                      data-tab-id="scripts"
+                      data-tab-type="sidepanel"
+                      data-state={activeSidePanelTab === 'scripts' ? 'active' : 'inactive'}
+                      className="netcatty-tab h-7 w-7 rounded-md p-0 hover:bg-transparent"
                       style={{
                         color: activeSidePanelTab === 'scripts'
                           ? 'var(--terminal-sidepanel-fg)'
@@ -1972,7 +2195,10 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
                     <Button
                       variant="ghost"
                       size="icon"
-                      className="h-7 w-7 rounded-md p-0 hover:bg-transparent"
+                      data-tab-id="theme"
+                      data-tab-type="sidepanel"
+                      data-state={activeSidePanelTab === 'theme' ? 'active' : 'inactive'}
+                      className="netcatty-tab h-7 w-7 rounded-md p-0 hover:bg-transparent"
                       style={{
                         color: activeSidePanelTab === 'theme'
                           ? 'var(--terminal-sidepanel-fg)'
@@ -1986,7 +2212,10 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
                     <Button
                       variant="ghost"
                       size="icon"
-                      className="h-7 w-7 rounded-md p-0 hover:bg-transparent"
+                      data-tab-id="ai"
+                      data-tab-type="sidepanel"
+                      data-state={activeSidePanelTab === 'ai' ? 'active' : 'inactive'}
+                      className="netcatty-tab h-7 w-7 rounded-md p-0 hover:bg-transparent"
                       style={{
                         color: activeSidePanelTab === 'ai'
                           ? 'var(--terminal-sidepanel-fg)'
@@ -2075,7 +2304,8 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
                   {activeSidePanelTab === 'theme' && (
                     <div className="absolute inset-0 z-10">
                       <ThemeSidePanel
-                        currentThemeId={activeThemePreviewId ?? focusedThemeId}
+                        followAppTerminalTheme={followAppTerminalTheme}
+                        currentThemeId={previewedOrVisibleThemeId}
                         globalThemeId={terminalTheme.id}
                         currentFontFamilyId={focusedFontFamilyId}
                         globalFontFamilyId={terminalFontFamilyId}
@@ -2115,6 +2345,7 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
         {/* Focus mode sidebar */}
         {isFocusMode && renderFocusModeSidebar()}
 
+
         <div ref={workspaceInnerRef} className="overflow-hidden relative flex-1">
           {draggingSessionId && !isFocusMode && (
             <div
@@ -2234,6 +2465,7 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
                   fontFamilyId={terminalFontFamilyId}
                   fontSize={fontSize}
                   terminalTheme={terminalTheme}
+                  followAppTerminalTheme={followAppTerminalTheme}
                   terminalSettings={terminalSettings}
                   sessionId={session.id}
                   startupCommand={session.startupCommand}
@@ -2328,14 +2560,7 @@ const TerminalLayerInner: React.FC<TerminalLayerProps> = ({
             onSend={handleComposeSend}
             onClose={() => {
               setIsComposeBarOpen(false);
-              // Refocus the terminal pane (matching solo-session behavior)
-              if (focusedSessionId) {
-                requestAnimationFrame(() => {
-                  const pane = document.querySelector(`[data-session-id="${focusedSessionId}"]`);
-                  const textarea = pane?.querySelector('textarea.xterm-helper-textarea') as HTMLTextAreaElement | null;
-                  textarea?.focus();
-                });
-              }
+              refocusTerminalSession(focusedSessionId);
             }}
             isBroadcastEnabled={isBroadcastEnabled?.(activeWorkspace.id)}
             themeColors={composeBarThemeColors}

components/ThemeList.tsx

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import React, { memo, useMemo } from 'react';
 import { Check } from 'lucide-react';
 import { useI18n } from '../application/i18n/I18nProvider';
-import { TERMINAL_THEMES } from '../infrastructure/config/terminalThemes';
+import { TERMINAL_THEMES, USER_VISIBLE_TERMINAL_THEMES, isUiMatchTerminalThemeId } from '../infrastructure/config/terminalThemes';
 import { useCustomThemes } from '../application/state/customThemeStore';
 import { cn } from '../lib/utils';
 import { TerminalTheme } from '../types';
@@ -58,15 +58,52 @@ interface ThemeListProps {
 export const ThemeList: React.FC<ThemeListProps> = ({ selectedThemeId, onSelect }) => {
     const { t } = useI18n();
     const customThemes = useCustomThemes();
+    const deletedSelectedTheme = useMemo(
+        () => (selectedThemeId
+            && !isUiMatchTerminalThemeId(selectedThemeId)
+            && !TERMINAL_THEMES.some((theme) => theme.id === selectedThemeId)
+            && !customThemes.some((theme) => theme.id === selectedThemeId)
+            ? selectedThemeId
+            : null),
+        [customThemes, selectedThemeId],
+    );
+    const hiddenSelectedTheme = useMemo(
+        () => (isUiMatchTerminalThemeId(selectedThemeId)
+            ? TERMINAL_THEMES.find(theme => theme.id === selectedThemeId) || null
+            : null),
+        [selectedThemeId],
+    );
 
     const { darkThemes, lightThemes } = useMemo(() => {
-        const dark = TERMINAL_THEMES.filter(t => t.type === 'dark');
-        const light = TERMINAL_THEMES.filter(t => t.type === 'light');
+        const dark = USER_VISIBLE_TERMINAL_THEMES.filter(t => t.type === 'dark');
+        const light = USER_VISIBLE_TERMINAL_THEMES.filter(t => t.type === 'light');
         return { darkThemes: dark, lightThemes: light };
     }, []);
 
     return (
         <>
+            {hiddenSelectedTheme && (
+                <div className="mb-4 rounded-lg border border-border/60 bg-muted/30 px-3 py-2.5">
+                    <div className="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider text-muted-foreground mb-1 font-semibold">
+                        {t('terminal.hiddenTheme.title')}
+                    </div>
+                    <div className="text-sm font-medium text-foreground">{hiddenSelectedTheme.name}</div>
+                    <div className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground mt-1">
+                        {t('terminal.hiddenTheme.desc')}
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+            )}
+            {deletedSelectedTheme && (
+                <div className="mb-4 rounded-lg border border-border/60 bg-muted/30 px-3 py-2.5">
+                    <div className="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider text-muted-foreground mb-1 font-semibold">
+                        Missing Theme
+                    </div>
+                    <div className="text-sm font-medium text-foreground">{deletedSelectedTheme}</div>
+                    <div className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground mt-1">
+                        This custom theme is no longer available. Pick another theme to replace it.
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+            )}
             {/* Dark Themes Section */}
             <div className="mb-4">
                 <div className="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider text-muted-foreground mb-2 font-semibold px-3">

components/TopTabs.tsx

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import { Host, TerminalSession, Workspace } from '../types';
 import { DISTRO_LOGOS, DISTRO_COLORS } from './DistroAvatar';
 import { getShellIconPath, isMonochromeShellIcon } from '../lib/useDiscoveredShells';
 import { Button } from './ui/button';
-import { ContextMenu, ContextMenuContent, ContextMenuItem, ContextMenuTrigger } from './ui/context-menu';
+import { ContextMenu, ContextMenuContent, ContextMenuItem, ContextMenuSeparator, ContextMenuTrigger } from './ui/context-menu';
 import { SyncStatusButton } from './SyncStatusButton';
 
 // Helper styles for Electron drag regions (use type assertion to include non-standard WebkitAppRegion)
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ const dragRegionNoSelect = { WebkitAppRegion: 'drag', userSelect: 'none' } as Re
 
 interface TopTabsProps {
   theme: 'dark' | 'light';
+  followAppTerminalTheme?: boolean;
   hosts: Host[];
   sessions: TerminalSession[];
   orphanSessions: TerminalSession[];
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ interface TopTabsProps {
   onRenameWorkspace: (workspaceId: string) => void;
   onCloseWorkspace: (workspaceId: string) => void;
   onCloseLogView: (logViewId: string) => void;
+  onCloseTabsBatch: (targetIds: string[]) => void;
   onOpenQuickSwitcher: () => void;
   onToggleTheme: () => void;
   onOpenSettings: () => void;
@@ -43,6 +45,7 @@ interface TopTabsProps {
   onStartSessionDrag: (sessionId: string) => void;
   onEndSessionDrag: () => void;
   onReorderTabs: (draggedId: string, targetId: string, position: 'before' | 'after') => void;
+  showSftpTab: boolean;
 }
 
 // Detect local OS for local terminal tab icons
@@ -227,6 +230,7 @@ WindowControls.displayName = 'WindowControls';
 
 const TopTabsInner: React.FC<TopTabsProps> = ({
   theme,
+  followAppTerminalTheme = false,
   hosts,
   sessions,
   orphanSessions,
@@ -241,6 +245,7 @@ const TopTabsInner: React.FC<TopTabsProps> = ({
   onRenameWorkspace,
   onCloseWorkspace,
   onCloseLogView,
+  onCloseTabsBatch,
   onOpenQuickSwitcher,
   onToggleTheme,
   onOpenSettings,
@@ -249,6 +254,7 @@ const TopTabsInner: React.FC<TopTabsProps> = ({
   onStartSessionDrag,
   onEndSessionDrag,
   onReorderTabs,
+  showSftpTab,
 }) => {
   const { t } = useI18n();
   // Subscribe to activeTabId from external store
@@ -300,11 +306,23 @@ const TopTabsInner: React.FC<TopTabsProps> = ({
     updateScrollState();
     const container = tabsContainerRef.current;
     if (container) {
+      // Translate vertical wheel to horizontal scroll so users can reach
+      // off-screen tabs with a standard mouse wheel. Trackpad gestures that
+      // already carry horizontal delta are left alone so native two-finger
+      // swiping still works.
+      const handleWheel = (e: WheelEvent) => {
+        if (e.deltaY !== 0 && e.deltaX === 0) {
+          e.preventDefault();
+          container.scrollLeft += e.deltaY;
+        }
+      };
       container.addEventListener('scroll', updateScrollState);
+      container.addEventListener('wheel', handleWheel, { passive: false });
       const resizeObserver = new ResizeObserver(updateScrollState);
       resizeObserver.observe(container);
       return () => {
         container.removeEventListener('scroll', updateScrollState);
+        container.removeEventListener('wheel', handleWheel);
         resizeObserver.disconnect();
       };
     }
@@ -478,6 +496,37 @@ const TopTabsInner: React.FC<TopTabsProps> = ({
     }).filter(Boolean);
   }, [orderedTabs, orphanSessionMap, workspaceMap, logViewMap, workspacePaneCounts]);
 
+  // Bulk-close menu items shared by session and workspace context menus.
+  // Anchor is the tab the user right-clicked on (matches VSCode/JetBrains UX).
+  const renderBulkCloseItems = (anchorId: string) => {
+    const anchorIdx = orderedTabs.indexOf(anchorId);
+    const othersIds = orderedTabs.filter((id) => id !== anchorId);
+    const rightIds = anchorIdx >= 0 ? orderedTabs.slice(anchorIdx + 1) : [];
+    return (
+      <>
+        <ContextMenuSeparator />
+        <ContextMenuItem
+          disabled={othersIds.length === 0}
+          onClick={() => onCloseTabsBatch(othersIds)}
+        >
+          {t('tabs.closeOthers')}
+        </ContextMenuItem>
+        <ContextMenuItem
+          disabled={rightIds.length === 0}
+          onClick={() => onCloseTabsBatch(rightIds)}
+        >
+          {t('tabs.closeToRight')}
+        </ContextMenuItem>
+        <ContextMenuItem
+          className="text-destructive"
+          onClick={() => onCloseTabsBatch(orderedTabs)}
+        >
+          {t('tabs.closeAll')}
+        </ContextMenuItem>
+      </>
+    );
+  };
+
   // Render the tabs
   const renderOrderedTabs = () => {
     return orderedTabItems.map((item) => {
@@ -496,6 +545,8 @@ const TopTabsInner: React.FC<TopTabsProps> = ({
             <ContextMenuTrigger asChild>
               <div
                 data-tab-id={session.id}
+                data-tab-type="session"
+                data-state={activeTabId === session.id ? 'active' : 'inactive'}
                 onClick={() => onSelectTab(session.id)}
                 draggable
                 onDragStart={(e) => handleTabDragStart(e, session.id)}
@@ -504,7 +555,7 @@ const TopTabsInner: React.FC<TopTabsProps> = ({
                 onDragLeave={handleTabDragLeave}
                 onDrop={(e) => handleTabDrop(e, session.id)}
                 className={cn(
-                  "relative h-7 pl-3 pr-2 min-w-[140px] max-w-[240px] rounded-none text-xs font-semibold cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-between gap-2 app-no-drag flex-shrink-0",
+                  "netcatty-tab relative h-7 pl-3 pr-2 min-w-[140px] max-w-[240px] rounded-t-md overflow-hidden text-xs font-semibold cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-between gap-2 app-no-drag flex-shrink-0",
                   "transition-transform duration-150",
                   isBeingDragged && isDraggingForReorder ? "opacity-40 scale-95" : ""
                 )}
@@ -530,13 +581,6 @@ const TopTabsInner: React.FC<TopTabsProps> = ({
                   }
                 }}
               >
-                {/* Active tab top accent line */}
-                {activeTabId === session.id && (
-                  <div
-                    className="absolute top-0 left-0 right-0 h-[2px]"
-                    style={{ backgroundColor: 'var(--top-tabs-accent, hsl(var(--accent)))' }}
-                  />
-                )}
                 {/* Drop indicator line - before */}
                 {showDropIndicatorBefore && isDraggingForReorder && (
                   <div
@@ -575,6 +619,7 @@ const TopTabsInner: React.FC<TopTabsProps> = ({
               <ContextMenuItem className="text-destructive" onClick={() => onCloseSession(session.id)}>
                 {t('common.close')}
               </ContextMenuItem>
+              {renderBulkCloseItems(session.id)}
             </ContextMenuContent>
           </ContextMenu>
         );
@@ -595,6 +640,8 @@ const TopTabsInner: React.FC<TopTabsProps> = ({
             <ContextMenuTrigger asChild>
               <div
                 data-tab-id={workspace.id}
+                data-tab-type="workspace"
+                data-state={isActive ? 'active' : 'inactive'}
                 onClick={() => onSelectTab(workspace.id)}
                 draggable
                 onDragStart={(e) => handleTabDragStart(e, workspace.id)}
@@ -603,7 +650,7 @@ const TopTabsInner: React.FC<TopTabsProps> = ({
                 onDragLeave={handleTabDragLeave}
                 onDrop={(e) => handleTabDrop(e, workspace.id)}
                 className={cn(
-                  "relative h-7 pl-3 pr-2 min-w-[150px] max-w-[260px] rounded-none text-xs font-semibold cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-between gap-2 app-no-drag flex-shrink-0",
+                  "netcatty-tab relative h-7 pl-3 pr-2 min-w-[150px] max-w-[260px] rounded-t-md overflow-hidden text-xs font-semibold cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-between gap-2 app-no-drag flex-shrink-0",
                   "transition-transform duration-150",
                   isBeingDragged && isDraggingForReorder ? "opacity-40 scale-95" : ""
                 )}
@@ -629,13 +676,6 @@ const TopTabsInner: React.FC<TopTabsProps> = ({
                   }
                 }}
               >
-                {/* Active tab top accent line */}
-                {isActive && (
-                  <div
-                    className="absolute top-0 left-0 right-0 h-[2px]"
-                    style={{ backgroundColor: 'var(--top-tabs-accent, hsl(var(--accent)))' }}
-                  />
-                )}
                 {/* Drop indicator line - before */}
                 {showDropIndicatorBefore && isDraggingForReorder && (
                   <div
@@ -679,6 +719,7 @@ const TopTabsInner: React.FC<TopTabsProps> = ({
               <ContextMenuItem className="text-destructive" onClick={() => onCloseWorkspace(workspace.id)}>
                 {t('common.close')}
               </ContextMenuItem>
+              {renderBulkCloseItems(workspace.id)}
             </ContextMenuContent>
           </ContextMenu>
         );
@@ -693,9 +734,11 @@ const TopTabsInner: React.FC<TopTabsProps> = ({
           <div
             key={logView.id}
             data-tab-id={logView.id}
+            data-tab-type="logView"
+            data-state={isActive ? 'active' : 'inactive'}
             onClick={() => onSelectTab(logView.id)}
             className={cn(
-              "relative h-7 pl-3 pr-2 min-w-[140px] max-w-[240px] rounded-none text-xs font-semibold cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-between gap-2 app-no-drag flex-shrink-0",
+              "netcatty-tab relative h-7 pl-3 pr-2 min-w-[140px] max-w-[240px] rounded-t-md overflow-hidden text-xs font-semibold cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-between gap-2 app-no-drag flex-shrink-0",
             )}
             style={{
               backgroundColor: isActive
@@ -718,13 +761,6 @@ const TopTabsInner: React.FC<TopTabsProps> = ({
               }
             }}
           >
-            {/* Active tab top accent line */}
-            {isActive && (
-              <div
-                className="absolute top-0 left-0 right-0 h-[2px]"
-                style={{ backgroundColor: 'var(--top-tabs-fg, hsl(var(--foreground)))' }}
-              />
-            )}
             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 min-w-0 flex-1">
               <FileText
                 size={14}
@@ -783,9 +819,12 @@ const TopTabsInner: React.FC<TopTabsProps> = ({
         {/* Fixed left tabs: Vaults and SFTP */}
         <div className="flex items-end gap-0 flex-shrink-0 app-drag">
           <div
+            data-tab-id="vault"
+            data-tab-type="root"
+            data-state={isVaultActive ? 'active' : 'inactive'}
             onClick={() => onSelectTab('vault')}
             className={cn(
-              "relative h-7 px-3 rounded text-xs font-semibold cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-2 app-no-drag",
+              "netcatty-tab relative h-7 px-3 rounded text-xs font-semibold cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-2 app-no-drag",
             )}
             style={{
               backgroundColor: isVaultActive
@@ -810,40 +849,39 @@ const TopTabsInner: React.FC<TopTabsProps> = ({
           >
             <FolderLock size={14} /> Vaults
           </div>
-          <div
-            onClick={() => onSelectTab('sftp')}
-            className={cn(
-              "relative h-7 px-3 rounded-none text-xs font-semibold cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-2 app-no-drag",
-            )}
-            style={{
-              backgroundColor: isSftpActive
-                ? 'var(--top-tabs-active-bg, hsl(var(--background)))'
-                : 'transparent',
-              color: isSftpActive
-                ? 'var(--top-tabs-fg, hsl(var(--foreground)))'
-                : 'var(--top-tabs-muted, hsl(var(--muted-foreground)))',
-            }}
-            onMouseEnter={(e) => {
-              if (!isSftpActive) {
-                e.currentTarget.style.backgroundColor = 'color-mix(in srgb, var(--top-tabs-active-bg, hsl(var(--background))) 40%, transparent)';
-                e.currentTarget.style.color = 'var(--top-tabs-fg, hsl(var(--foreground)))';
-              }
-            }}
-            onMouseLeave={(e) => {
-              if (!isSftpActive) {
-                e.currentTarget.style.backgroundColor = 'transparent';
-                e.currentTarget.style.color = 'var(--top-tabs-muted, hsl(var(--muted-foreground)))';
-              }
-            }}
-          >
-            {isSftpActive && (
-              <div
-                className="absolute top-0 left-0 right-0 h-[2px]"
-                style={{ backgroundColor: 'var(--top-tabs-accent, hsl(var(--accent)))' }}
-              />
-            )}
-            <Folder size={14} /> SFTP
-          </div>
+          {showSftpTab && (
+            <div
+              data-tab-id="sftp"
+              data-tab-type="root"
+              data-state={isSftpActive ? 'active' : 'inactive'}
+              onClick={() => onSelectTab('sftp')}
+              className={cn(
+                "netcatty-tab relative h-7 px-3 rounded-t-md overflow-hidden text-xs font-semibold cursor-pointer flex items-center gap-2 app-no-drag",
+              )}
+              style={{
+                backgroundColor: isSftpActive
+                  ? 'var(--top-tabs-active-bg, hsl(var(--background)))'
+                  : 'transparent',
+                color: isSftpActive
+                  ? 'var(--top-tabs-fg, hsl(var(--foreground)))'
+                  : 'var(--top-tabs-muted, hsl(var(--muted-foreground)))',
+              }}
+              onMouseEnter={(e) => {
+                if (!isSftpActive) {
+                  e.currentTarget.style.backgroundColor = 'color-mix(in srgb, var(--top-tabs-active-bg, hsl(var(--background))) 40%, transparent)';
+                  e.currentTarget.style.color = 'var(--top-tabs-fg, hsl(var(--foreground)))';
+                }
+              }}
+              onMouseLeave={(e) => {
+                if (!isSftpActive) {
+                  e.currentTarget.style.backgroundColor = 'transparent';
+                  e.currentTarget.style.color = 'var(--top-tabs-muted, hsl(var(--muted-foreground)))';
+                }
+              }}
+            >
+              <Folder size={14} /> SFTP
+            </div>
+          )}
         </div>
 
         {/* Scrollable tabs container with fade masks */}
@@ -936,7 +974,7 @@ const TopTabsInner: React.FC<TopTabsProps> = ({
             className="h-6 w-6 app-no-drag"
             style={{ color: 'var(--top-tabs-muted, hsl(var(--muted-foreground)))' }}
             onClick={onToggleTheme}
-            disabled={isImmersiveActive}
+            disabled={isImmersiveActive && !followAppTerminalTheme}
             title="Toggle theme"
           >
             {theme === 'dark' ? <Sun size={16} /> : <Moon size={16} />}
@@ -965,7 +1003,10 @@ const topTabsAreEqual = (prev: TopTabsProps, next: TopTabsProps): boolean => {
     prev.isMacClient === next.isMacClient &&
     prev.onOpenSettings === next.onOpenSettings &&
     prev.onSyncNow === next.onSyncNow &&
-    prev.isImmersiveActive === next.isImmersiveActive
+    prev.onToggleTheme === next.onToggleTheme &&
+    prev.followAppTerminalTheme === next.followAppTerminalTheme &&
+    prev.isImmersiveActive === next.isImmersiveActive &&
+    prev.showSftpTab === next.showSftpTab
   );
 };
 

components/VaultView.tsx

@@ -36,10 +36,14 @@ import { useStoredViewMode } from "../application/state/useStoredViewMode";
 import { useStoredBoolean } from "../application/state/useStoredBoolean";
 import { useTreeExpandedState } from "../application/state/useTreeExpandedState";
 import { resolveGroupDefaults, applyGroupDefaults } from "../domain/groupConfig";
-import { getEffectiveHostDistro, sanitizeHost } from "../domain/host";
+import { getEffectiveHostDistro, sanitizeHost, upsertHostById } from "../domain/host";
 import { importVaultHostsFromText, exportHostsToCsvWithStats } from "../domain/vaultImport";
 import type { VaultImportFormat } from "../domain/vaultImport";
-import { STORAGE_KEY_VAULT_HOSTS_VIEW_MODE, STORAGE_KEY_VAULT_HOSTS_TREE_EXPANDED, STORAGE_KEY_VAULT_SIDEBAR_COLLAPSED, STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_RECENT_HOSTS } from "../infrastructure/config/storageKeys";
+import {
+  STORAGE_KEY_VAULT_HOSTS_TREE_EXPANDED,
+  STORAGE_KEY_VAULT_HOSTS_VIEW_MODE,
+  STORAGE_KEY_VAULT_SIDEBAR_COLLAPSED,
+} from "../infrastructure/config/storageKeys";
 import { cn } from "../lib/utils";
 import { useInstantThemeSwitch } from "../lib/useInstantThemeSwitch";
 import {
@@ -72,6 +76,7 @@ import SerialHostDetailsPanel from "./SerialHostDetailsPanel";
 import SnippetsManager from "./SnippetsManager";
 import { ImportVaultDialog, ImportOptions } from "./vault/ImportVaultDialog";
 import { Button } from "./ui/button";
+import { RippleButton } from "./ui/ripple";
 import {
   ContextMenu,
   ContextMenuContent,
@@ -147,6 +152,8 @@ interface VaultViewProps {
   onRunSnippet?: (snippet: Snippet, targetHosts: Host[]) => void;
   groupConfigs: GroupConfig[];
   onUpdateGroupConfigs: (configs: GroupConfig[]) => void;
+  showRecentHosts: boolean;
+  showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot: boolean;
   // Optional: navigate to a specific section on mount or when changed
   navigateToSection?: VaultSection | null;
   onNavigateToSectionHandled?: () => void;
@@ -193,6 +200,8 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
   onRunSnippet,
   groupConfigs,
   onUpdateGroupConfigs,
+  showRecentHosts,
+  showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot,
   navigateToSection,
   onNavigateToSectionHandled,
 }) => {
@@ -230,11 +239,6 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
   const [confirmedDropTarget, setConfirmedDropTarget] = useState<DropTarget | null>(null);
   const dropTargetPulseTimeoutRef = useRef<number | null>(null);
 
-  const [showRecentHosts, _setShowRecentHosts] = useStoredBoolean(
-    STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_RECENT_HOSTS,
-    true,
-  );
-
   // Handle external navigation requests
   useEffect(() => {
     if (navigateToSection) {
@@ -292,7 +296,6 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
     if (!group) return undefined;
     return resolveGroupDefaults(group, groupConfigs);
   }, [editingHost, newHostGroupPath, selectedGroupPath, groupConfigs]);
-
   // Quick connect state
   const [quickConnectTarget, setQuickConnectTarget] = useState<{
     hostname: string;
@@ -865,18 +868,30 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
 
   const displayedHosts = useMemo(() => {
     let filtered = hosts;
-    if (selectedGroupPath) {
-      // Match hosts whose group equals the selected path
-      // For "General" group, also match hosts with empty/undefined group
-      filtered = filtered.filter((h) => {
-        const hostGroup = h.group || "";
-        if (selectedGroupPath === "General") {
-          return hostGroup === "" || hostGroup === "General";
-        }
-        return hostGroup === selectedGroupPath;
-      });
+    // Search spans all groups (#777): when the user types in the search box
+    // we skip group/ungrouped-root scoping, so a matching host in another
+    // group is still reachable without having to navigate into it first.
+    // The tree view already uses this shape — see `treeViewHosts` below.
+    const hasSearch = search.trim().length > 0;
+    if (!hasSearch) {
+      if (selectedGroupPath) {
+        // Match hosts whose group equals the selected path
+        // For "General" group, also match hosts with empty/undefined group
+        filtered = filtered.filter((h) => {
+          const hostGroup = h.group || "";
+          if (selectedGroupPath === "General") {
+            return hostGroup === "" || hostGroup === "General";
+          }
+          return hostGroup === selectedGroupPath;
+        });
+      } else if (showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot) {
+        filtered = filtered.filter((h) => {
+          const hostGroup = (h.group || "").trim();
+          return hostGroup === "";
+        });
+      }
     }
-    if (search.trim()) {
+    if (hasSearch) {
       const s = search.toLowerCase();
       filtered = filtered.filter(
         (h) =>
@@ -912,7 +927,7 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
       }
     });
     return filtered;
-  }, [hosts, selectedGroupPath, search, selectedTags, sortMode]);
+  }, [hosts, selectedGroupPath, showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot, search, selectedTags, sortMode]);
 
   // Pinned hosts for root-level display (not inside a subgroup)
   // Respects active search and tag filters
@@ -963,6 +978,10 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
   // No longer deduplicate pinned/recent hosts from the main list,
   // so hosts always appear in their groups regardless of pinned/recent status.
   const pinnedRecentIds = useMemo(() => new Set<string>(), []);
+  const visibleDisplayedHosts = useMemo(
+    () => displayedHosts.filter((h) => selectedGroupPath || !pinnedRecentIds.has(h.id)),
+    [displayedHosts, selectedGroupPath, pinnedRecentIds],
+  );
 
   // For tree view: apply search, tag filter, and sorting, but not group filtering
   const treeViewHosts = useMemo(() => {
@@ -1126,6 +1145,26 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
     );
     // eslint-disable-next-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps -- findGroupNode is derived from buildGroupTree
   }, [buildGroupTree, selectedGroupPath, customGroups]);
+  const shouldHideEmptyRootHostsSection = useMemo(() => {
+    if (selectedGroupPath || viewMode === "tree") return false;
+    if (search.trim() || selectedTags.length > 0) return false;
+    if (visibleDisplayedHosts.length > 0) return false;
+    return (
+      displayedGroups.length > 0 ||
+      pinnedHosts.length > 0 ||
+      (showRecentHosts && recentHosts.length > 0)
+    );
+  }, [
+    selectedGroupPath,
+    viewMode,
+    search,
+    selectedTags.length,
+    visibleDisplayedHosts.length,
+    displayedGroups.length,
+    pinnedHosts.length,
+    showRecentHosts,
+    recentHosts.length,
+  ]);
 
   // Known Hosts callbacks - use refs to keep stable references
   // Store latest values in refs so callbacks don't need to depend on them
@@ -1559,24 +1598,26 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
       <TooltipProvider delayDuration={100}>
         <div
           className={cn(
-            "bg-secondary/80 border-r border-border/60 flex flex-col transition-all duration-200",
+            "bg-secondary border-r border-border/60 flex flex-col transition-all duration-200",
             sidebarCollapsed ? "w-14" : "w-52"
           )}
           data-section="vault-sidebar"
         >
           <div className={cn(
-            "py-4 flex items-center",
+            "pt-5 pb-6 flex items-center",
             sidebarCollapsed ? "px-2 justify-center" : "px-4"
           )}>
             <Tooltip delayDuration={500}>
               <TooltipTrigger asChild>
                 <button
                   onClick={() => setSidebarCollapsed(!sidebarCollapsed)}
-                  className="flex items-center gap-3 hover:opacity-80 transition-opacity"
+                  className="flex items-center gap-2.5 hover:opacity-80 transition-opacity"
                 >
-                  <AppLogo className="h-10 w-10 rounded-xl flex-shrink-0" />
+                  <AppLogo className="h-8 w-8 flex-shrink-0" />
                   {!sidebarCollapsed && (
-                    <p className="text-sm font-bold text-foreground">Netcatty</p>
+                    <p className="text-xl font-black italic tracking-tight text-foreground leading-none">
+                      Netcatty
+                    </p>
                   )}
                 </button>
               </TooltipTrigger>
@@ -1589,7 +1630,7 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
           <div className={cn("space-y-1", sidebarCollapsed ? "px-1.5" : "px-3")}>
             <Tooltip>
               <TooltipTrigger asChild>
-                <Button
+                <RippleButton
                   variant={currentSection === "hosts" ? "secondary" : "ghost"}
                   className={cn(
                     "w-full h-10",
@@ -1604,13 +1645,13 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
                 >
                   <LayoutGrid size={16} className="flex-shrink-0" />
                   {!sidebarCollapsed && t("vault.nav.hosts")}
-                </Button>
+                </RippleButton>
               </TooltipTrigger>
               {sidebarCollapsed && <TooltipContent side="right">{t("vault.nav.hosts")}</TooltipContent>}
             </Tooltip>
             <Tooltip>
               <TooltipTrigger asChild>
-                <Button
+                <RippleButton
                   variant={currentSection === "keys" ? "secondary" : "ghost"}
                   className={cn(
                     "w-full h-10",
@@ -1624,13 +1665,13 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
                 >
                   <Key size={16} className="flex-shrink-0" />
                   {!sidebarCollapsed && t("vault.nav.keychain")}
-                </Button>
+                </RippleButton>
               </TooltipTrigger>
               {sidebarCollapsed && <TooltipContent side="right">{t("vault.nav.keychain")}</TooltipContent>}
             </Tooltip>
             <Tooltip>
               <TooltipTrigger asChild>
-                <Button
+                <RippleButton
                   variant={currentSection === "port" ? "secondary" : "ghost"}
                   className={cn(
                     "w-full h-10",
@@ -1642,13 +1683,13 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
                 >
                   <Plug size={16} className="flex-shrink-0" />
                   {!sidebarCollapsed && t("vault.nav.portForwarding")}
-                </Button>
+                </RippleButton>
               </TooltipTrigger>
               {sidebarCollapsed && <TooltipContent side="right">{t("vault.nav.portForwarding")}</TooltipContent>}
             </Tooltip>
             <Tooltip>
               <TooltipTrigger asChild>
-                <Button
+                <RippleButton
                   variant={currentSection === "snippets" ? "secondary" : "ghost"}
                   className={cn(
                     "w-full h-10",
@@ -1662,13 +1703,13 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
                 >
                   <FileCode size={16} className="flex-shrink-0" />
                   {!sidebarCollapsed && t("vault.nav.snippets")}
-                </Button>
+                </RippleButton>
               </TooltipTrigger>
               {sidebarCollapsed && <TooltipContent side="right">{t("vault.nav.snippets")}</TooltipContent>}
             </Tooltip>
             <Tooltip>
               <TooltipTrigger asChild>
-                <Button
+                <RippleButton
                   variant={currentSection === "knownhosts" ? "secondary" : "ghost"}
                   className={cn(
                     "w-full h-10",
@@ -1680,13 +1721,13 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
                 >
                   <BookMarked size={16} className="flex-shrink-0" />
                   {!sidebarCollapsed && t("vault.nav.knownHosts")}
-                </Button>
+                </RippleButton>
               </TooltipTrigger>
               {sidebarCollapsed && <TooltipContent side="right">{t("vault.nav.knownHosts")}</TooltipContent>}
             </Tooltip>
             <Tooltip>
               <TooltipTrigger asChild>
-                <Button
+                <RippleButton
                   variant={currentSection === "logs" ? "secondary" : "ghost"}
                   className={cn(
                     "w-full h-10",
@@ -1698,7 +1739,7 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
                 >
                   <Activity size={16} className="flex-shrink-0" />
                   {!sidebarCollapsed && t("vault.nav.logs")}
-                </Button>
+                </RippleButton>
               </TooltipTrigger>
               {sidebarCollapsed && <TooltipContent side="right">{t("vault.nav.logs")}</TooltipContent>}
             </Tooltip>
@@ -1936,6 +1977,52 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
           </div>
         </header>
 
+        {isMultiSelectMode && isHostsSectionActive && (
+          <div className="px-4 py-1.5 bg-background border-b border-border/40 flex items-center gap-2">
+            <span className="flex items-center h-7 text-xs text-muted-foreground leading-none">
+              {t("vault.hosts.selected", { count: selectedHostIds.size })}
+            </span>
+            <div className="flex-1" />
+            <Button
+              variant="ghost"
+              size="sm"
+              className="h-7 px-2 text-xs"
+              onClick={() => {
+                const allIds = new Set(displayedHosts.map(h => h.id));
+                setSelectedHostIds(allIds);
+              }}
+            >
+              {t("vault.hosts.selectAll")}
+            </Button>
+            <Button
+              variant="ghost"
+              size="sm"
+              className="h-7 px-2 text-xs"
+              onClick={clearHostSelection}
+            >
+              {t("vault.hosts.deselectAll")}
+            </Button>
+            <Button
+              variant="destructive"
+              size="sm"
+              className="h-7 px-2 text-xs"
+              disabled={selectedHostIds.size === 0}
+              onClick={deleteSelectedHosts}
+            >
+              <Trash2 size={12} className="mr-1" />
+              {t("vault.hosts.deleteSelected", { count: selectedHostIds.size })}
+            </Button>
+            <Button
+              variant="ghost"
+              size="icon"
+              className="h-7 w-7"
+              onClick={clearHostSelection}
+            >
+              <X size={12} />
+            </Button>
+          </div>
+        )}
+
         {/* Keep hosts mounted so switching sections does not reset scroll or remount the list. */}
         <div
           className={cn(
@@ -2354,6 +2441,7 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
                   )}
                 </section>
 
+                {!shouldHideEmptyRootHostsSection && (
                 <section className="space-y-2">
                   <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                     <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold text-muted-foreground">
@@ -2361,7 +2449,7 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
                     </h3>
                     <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-muted-foreground">
                       <span>
-                        {t("vault.hosts.header.entries", { count: viewMode === "tree" ? treeViewHosts.length : displayedHosts.length })}
+                        {t("vault.hosts.header.entries", { count: viewMode === "tree" ? treeViewHosts.length : visibleDisplayedHosts.length })}
                       </span>
                       <div className="bg-secondary/80 border border-border/70 rounded-md px-2 py-1 text-[11px]">
                         {t("vault.hosts.header.live", { count: sessions.length })}
@@ -2369,49 +2457,6 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
                     </div>
                   </div>
 
-                  {isMultiSelectMode && (
-                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2 p-2 bg-secondary/60 rounded-lg border border-border/40">
-                      <span className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                        {t("vault.hosts.selected", { count: selectedHostIds.size })}
-                      </span>
-                      <div className="flex-1" />
-                      <Button
-                        variant="ghost"
-                        size="sm"
-                        onClick={() => {
-                          const allIds = new Set(displayedHosts.map(h => h.id));
-                          setSelectedHostIds(allIds);
-                        }}
-                      >
-                        {t("vault.hosts.selectAll")}
-                      </Button>
-                      <Button
-                        variant="ghost"
-                        size="sm"
-                        onClick={clearHostSelection}
-                      >
-                        {t("vault.hosts.deselectAll")}
-                      </Button>
-                      <Button
-                        variant="destructive"
-                        size="sm"
-                        disabled={selectedHostIds.size === 0}
-                        onClick={deleteSelectedHosts}
-                      >
-                        <Trash2 size={14} className="mr-1" />
-                        {t("vault.hosts.deleteSelected", { count: selectedHostIds.size })}
-                      </Button>
-                      <Button
-                        variant="ghost"
-                        size="icon"
-                        className="h-8 w-8"
-                        onClick={clearHostSelection}
-                      >
-                        <X size={14} />
-                      </Button>
-                    </div>
-                  )}
-
                   {viewMode === "tree" ? (
                     <HostTreeView
                       groupTree={treeViewGroupTree}
@@ -2623,7 +2668,7 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
                       )}
                       style={viewMode === "grid" ? splitViewGridStyle : undefined}
                     >
-                      {displayedHosts.filter((h) => selectedGroupPath || !pinnedRecentIds.has(h.id)).map((host) => {
+                      {visibleDisplayedHosts.map((host) => {
                           const safeHost = sanitizeHost(host);
                           const effectiveDistro = getEffectiveHostDistro(safeHost);
                           const distroBadge = {
@@ -2755,6 +2800,7 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
                     </div>
                   )}
                 </section>
+                )}
         </div>
 
         {currentSection === "snippets" && (
@@ -2881,6 +2927,7 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
           allHosts={hosts}
           groups={allGroupPaths}
           terminalThemeId={terminalThemeId}
+          groupConfigs={groupConfigs}
           terminalFontSize={terminalFontSize}
           onSave={handleSaveGroupConfig}
           onCancel={() => {
@@ -2905,14 +2952,9 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
           terminalThemeId={terminalThemeId}
           terminalFontSize={terminalFontSize}
           groupDefaults={editingHostGroupDefaults}
+          groupConfigs={groupConfigs}
           onSave={(host) => {
-            // Check if host already exists in the list (for updates vs. new/duplicate)
-            const hostExists = hosts.some((h) => h.id === host.id);
-            onUpdateHosts(
-              hostExists
-                ? hosts.map((h) => (h.id === host.id ? host : h))
-                : [...hosts, host],
-            );
+            onUpdateHosts(upsertHostById(hosts, host));
             setIsHostPanelOpen(false);
             setEditingHost(null);
             setNewHostGroupPath(null);
@@ -2938,15 +2980,15 @@ const VaultViewInner: React.FC<VaultViewProps> = ({
           allTags={allTags}
           groups={allGroupPaths}
           onSave={(host) => {
-            onUpdateHosts(
-              hosts.map((h) => (h.id === host.id ? host : h)),
-            );
+            onUpdateHosts(upsertHostById(hosts, host));
             setIsHostPanelOpen(false);
             setEditingHost(null);
+            setNewHostGroupPath(null);
           }}
           onCancel={() => {
             setIsHostPanelOpen(false);
             setEditingHost(null);
+            setNewHostGroupPath(null);
           }}
           layout="inline"
         />

components/ai-elements/conversation.tsx

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ export type ConversationProps = ComponentProps<typeof StickToBottom>;
 
 export const Conversation = ({ className, ...props }: ConversationProps) => (
   <StickToBottom
-    className={cn('relative flex-1 overflow-y-hidden', className)}
+    className={cn('relative flex-1 overflow-x-hidden overflow-y-hidden', className)}
     initial="instant"
     resize="smooth"
     role="log"
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ export type ConversationContentProps = ComponentProps<typeof StickToBottom.Conte
 
 export const ConversationContent = ({ className, ...props }: ConversationContentProps) => (
   <StickToBottom.Content
-    className={cn('flex flex-col gap-4 p-4', className)}
+    className={cn('flex min-w-0 max-w-full flex-col gap-4 overflow-x-hidden p-4', className)}
     {...props}
   />
 );

components/ai-elements/message.tsx

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ export const MessageResponse = memo(
         // Style the rendered markdown
         // Code: base styles (code-block overrides are in index.css)
         '[&_code]:text-[12px] [&_code]:font-mono',
-        '[&_p_code]:px-[0.4em] [&_p_code]:py-[0.15em] [&_p_code]:rounded [&_p_code]:bg-foreground/[0.06] [&_p_code]:text-[85%]',
+        '[&_p_code]:px-[0.4em] [&_p_code]:py-[0.15em] [&_p_code]:rounded [&_p_code]:bg-foreground/[0.06] [&_p_code]:text-[85%] [&_p_code]:whitespace-normal [&_p_code]:[overflow-wrap:anywhere]',
         '[&_p]:my-1.5',
         '[&_ul]:my-1.5 [&_ul]:pl-4 [&_ul]:list-disc',
         '[&_ol]:my-1.5 [&_ol]:pl-4 [&_ol]:list-decimal',

components/ai-elements/tool-call.tsx

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
+import React, { useCallback, useEffect, useRef, useState } from 'react';
+import type { HTMLAttributes } from 'react';
 import { cn } from '../../lib/utils';
 import { Check, ChevronDown, ChevronRight, CheckCircle2, Loader2, ShieldAlert, X, XCircle, Slash } from 'lucide-react';
-import React, { useCallback, useEffect, useRef, useState, type HTMLAttributes } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '../ui/button';
 import { Badge } from '../ui/badge';
 import { useI18n } from '../../application/i18n/I18nProvider';
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@ function formatToolResult(result: unknown): string {
 
 export interface ToolCallProps extends HTMLAttributes<HTMLDivElement> {
   name: string;
+  className?: string;
   args?: Record<string, unknown>;
   result?: unknown;
   isError?: boolean;

components/ai/ChatInput.tsx

@@ -6,12 +6,11 @@
  * and a bottom toolbar with muted controls + subtle send button.
  */
 
-import { AtSign, Check, ChevronDown, ChevronRight, Cpu, Expand, Eye, FileText, ImageIcon, Plus, ShieldCheck, X, Zap } from 'lucide-react';
-import React, { useCallback, useRef, useState } from 'react';
+import { AtSign, Check, ChevronDown, ChevronRight, Cpu, Expand, Eye, FileText, ImageIcon, Package, Plus, ShieldCheck, X, Zap } from 'lucide-react';
+import React, { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react';
 import { useI18n } from '../../application/i18n/I18nProvider';
 import { createPortal } from 'react-dom';
 import type { FormEvent } from 'react';
-import type { UploadedFile } from '../../application/state/useFileUpload';
 import {
   PromptInput,
   PromptInputFooter,
@@ -21,7 +20,11 @@ import {
 } from '../ai-elements/prompt-input';
 import type { PromptInputStatus } from '../ai-elements/prompt-input';
 import { formatThinkingLabel } from '../../infrastructure/ai/types';
-import type { AgentModelPreset, AIPermissionMode } from '../../infrastructure/ai/types';
+import type { AgentModelPreset, AIPermissionMode, UploadedFile } from '../../infrastructure/ai/types';
+import { ScrollArea } from '../ui/scroll-area';
+
+// Keep in sync with the popover's Tailwind max-width below.
+const MODEL_PICKER_MAX_WIDTH = 360;
 
 interface ChatInputProps {
   value: string;
@@ -48,6 +51,14 @@ interface ChatInputProps {
   onRemoveFile?: (id: string) => void;
   /** Available hosts for @ mention */
   hosts?: Array<{ sessionId: string; hostname: string; label: string; connected: boolean }>;
+  /** User skills currently selected for the next send */
+  selectedUserSkills?: Array<{ id: string; slug: string; name: string; description: string }>;
+  /** Available user skills for /skill-slug insertion */
+  userSkills?: Array<{ id: string; slug: string; name: string; description: string }>;
+  /** Callback to add a selected user skill */
+  onAddUserSkill?: (slug: string) => void;
+  /** Callback to remove a selected user skill */
+  onRemoveUserSkill?: (slug: string) => void;
   /** Permission mode (only shown for Catty Agent) */
   permissionMode?: AIPermissionMode;
   /** Callback when user changes permission mode */
@@ -72,38 +83,76 @@ const ChatInput: React.FC<ChatInputProps> = ({
   onAddFiles,
   onRemoveFile,
   hosts = [],
+  selectedUserSkills = [],
+  userSkills = [],
+  onAddUserSkill,
+  onRemoveUserSkill,
   permissionMode,
   onPermissionModeChange,
 }) => {
   const { t } = useI18n();
   const [expanded, setExpanded] = useState(false);
   // Consolidate menu state into a single discriminated union to prevent multiple menus open simultaneously
-  type ActiveMenu = 'model' | 'attach' | 'atMention' | 'perm' | null;
+  type ActiveMenu = 'model' | 'attach' | 'atMention' | 'slashSkill' | 'perm' | null;
   const [activeMenu, setActiveMenu] = useState<ActiveMenu>(null);
   const [menuPos, setMenuPos] = useState<{ left: number; bottom: number } | null>(null);
+  const [inputPanelPos, setInputPanelPos] = useState<{ left: number; bottom: number; width: number } | null>(null);
   const [hoveredModelId, setHoveredModelId] = useState<string | null>(null);
-  const [showHostSubmenu, setShowHostSubmenu] = useState(false);
+  const [slashQuery, setSlashQuery] = useState('');
+  const [slashRange, setSlashRange] = useState<{ start: number; end: number } | null>(null);
+  // Active highlight index for @ mention / slash skill keyboard navigation
+  const [activeMenuIndex, setActiveMenuIndex] = useState(0);
 
   // Derived booleans for readability
   const showModelPicker = activeMenu === 'model';
   const showAttachMenu = activeMenu === 'attach';
   const showAtMention = activeMenu === 'atMention';
+  const showSlashSkillPicker = activeMenu === 'slashSkill';
   const showPermPicker = activeMenu === 'perm';
 
   const closeAllMenus = useCallback(() => {
     setActiveMenu(null);
     setMenuPos(null);
+    setInputPanelPos(null);
     setHoveredModelId(null);
-    setShowHostSubmenu(false);
+    setSlashQuery('');
+    setSlashRange(null);
   }, []);
   const textareaRef = useRef<HTMLTextAreaElement>(null);
+  const inputShellRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   const modelBtnRef = useRef<HTMLButtonElement>(null);
   const permBtnRef = useRef<HTMLButtonElement>(null);
   const attachBtnRef = useRef<HTMLButtonElement>(null);
   const fileInputRef = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);
 
+  const findSlashTrigger = useCallback((text: string, caretPosition: number) => {
+    const beforeCaret = text.slice(0, caretPosition);
+    const match = /(^|\s)\/([a-z0-9-]*)$/i.exec(beforeCaret);
+    if (!match) return null;
+    const start = beforeCaret.length - match[0].length + match[1].length;
+    return {
+      start,
+      end: beforeCaret.length,
+      query: String(match[2] || '').toLowerCase(),
+    };
+  }, []);
+
+  const getInputPanelMenuPos = useCallback(() => {
+    const rect = inputShellRef.current?.getBoundingClientRect();
+    if (!rect) return null;
+    const horizontalMargin = 12;
+    const safeRight = window.innerWidth - horizontalMargin;
+    const width = Math.min(rect.width, safeRight - rect.left);
+    return {
+      left: rect.left,
+      bottom: window.innerHeight - rect.top + 8,
+      width,
+    };
+  }, []);
+
   const handleInputChange = useCallback((newValue: string) => {
     onChange(newValue);
+    const caretPosition = textareaRef.current?.selectionStart ?? newValue.length;
     // Detect if user just typed @
     if (
       hosts.length > 0 &&
@@ -111,16 +160,28 @@ const ChatInput: React.FC<ChatInputProps> = ({
       newValue.endsWith('@')
     ) {
       // Position the popover near the textarea
-      const el = textareaRef.current;
-      if (el) {
-        const rect = el.getBoundingClientRect();
-        setMenuPos({ left: rect.left + 12, bottom: window.innerHeight - rect.top + 4 });
-      }
+      const pos = getInputPanelMenuPos();
+      if (pos) setInputPanelPos(pos);
       setActiveMenu('atMention');
-    } else if (showAtMention && !newValue.includes('@')) {
-      setActiveMenu(null);
+      return;
     }
-  }, [onChange, value, hosts.length, showAtMention]);
+
+    const slashTrigger = findSlashTrigger(newValue, caretPosition);
+    if (userSkills.length > 0 && slashTrigger) {
+      const pos = getInputPanelMenuPos();
+      if (pos) setInputPanelPos(pos);
+      setSlashQuery(slashTrigger.query);
+      setSlashRange({ start: slashTrigger.start, end: slashTrigger.end });
+      setActiveMenu('slashSkill');
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (showAtMention && !newValue.includes('@')) {
+      setActiveMenu(null);
+    } else if (showSlashSkillPicker) {
+      closeAllMenus();
+    }
+  }, [onChange, value, hosts.length, showAtMention, findSlashTrigger, userSkills.length, showSlashSkillPicker, closeAllMenus, getInputPanelMenuPos]);
 
   const handleSelectAtMention = useCallback((host: { label: string; hostname: string }) => {
     // Replace the trailing @ with @hostname
@@ -133,10 +194,117 @@ const ChatInput: React.FC<ChatInputProps> = ({
     closeAllMenus();
   }, [value, onChange, closeAllMenus]);
 
+  const openInputPanelMenu = useCallback((menu: 'atMention' | 'slashSkill') => {
+    const pos = getInputPanelMenuPos();
+    if (!pos) return;
+    setInputPanelPos(pos);
+    if (menu === 'slashSkill') {
+      setSlashQuery('');
+      setSlashRange(null);
+    }
+    setActiveMenu(menu);
+  }, [getInputPanelMenuPos]);
+
+  const filteredUserSkills = useMemo(() => userSkills.filter((skill) => {
+    if (!slashQuery) return true;
+    const lowerQuery = slashQuery.toLowerCase();
+    return skill.slug.toLowerCase().startsWith(lowerQuery) || skill.name.toLowerCase().includes(lowerQuery);
+  }), [userSkills, slashQuery]);
+
+  const removeSlashQueryFromInput = useCallback(() => {
+    if (!slashRange) return value;
+    const before = value.slice(0, slashRange.start);
+    const after = value.slice(slashRange.end);
+    if (/\s$/.test(before) && /^\s/.test(after)) {
+      return `${before}${after.slice(1)}`;
+    }
+    return `${before}${after}`;
+  }, [slashRange, value]);
+
+  const insertUserSkillToken = useCallback((skill: { slug: string }) => {
+    onAddUserSkill?.(skill.slug);
+    if (slashRange) {
+      onChange(removeSlashQueryFromInput());
+    }
+    closeAllMenus();
+  }, [closeAllMenus, onAddUserSkill, onChange, removeSlashQueryFromInput, slashRange]);
+
+  // Reset active highlight when a menu opens or when the *identity* of the
+  // visible items changes. Watching only `.length` misses cases where the
+  // filter produces a different set with the same count (e.g. user types
+  // another character into the slash query) — Enter would then commit an
+  // unexpected item. Derive a stable key from the visible ids instead.
+  const atMentionKey = useMemo(
+    () => hosts.map((h) => h.sessionId).join('|'),
+    [hosts],
+  );
+  const slashSkillKey = useMemo(
+    () => filteredUserSkills.map((s) => s.id).join('|'),
+    [filteredUserSkills],
+  );
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (showAtMention) setActiveMenuIndex(0);
+  }, [showAtMention, atMentionKey]);
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (showSlashSkillPicker) setActiveMenuIndex(0);
+  }, [showSlashSkillPicker, slashSkillKey]);
+
+  const handleTextareaKeyDown = useCallback((e: React.KeyboardEvent<HTMLTextAreaElement>) => {
+    if (e.nativeEvent.isComposing) return;
+    // @ mention popover keyboard navigation
+    if (showAtMention && hosts.length > 0) {
+      if (e.key === 'ArrowDown') {
+        e.preventDefault();
+        setActiveMenuIndex((i) => (i + 1) % hosts.length);
+        return;
+      }
+      if (e.key === 'ArrowUp') {
+        e.preventDefault();
+        setActiveMenuIndex((i) => (i - 1 + hosts.length) % hosts.length);
+        return;
+      }
+      if (e.key === 'Enter' && !e.shiftKey) {
+        e.preventDefault();
+        const host = hosts[Math.min(activeMenuIndex, hosts.length - 1)];
+        if (host) handleSelectAtMention(host);
+        return;
+      }
+      if (e.key === 'Escape') {
+        e.preventDefault();
+        closeAllMenus();
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+    // / skill popover keyboard navigation
+    if (showSlashSkillPicker && filteredUserSkills.length > 0) {
+      if (e.key === 'ArrowDown') {
+        e.preventDefault();
+        setActiveMenuIndex((i) => (i + 1) % filteredUserSkills.length);
+        return;
+      }
+      if (e.key === 'ArrowUp') {
+        e.preventDefault();
+        setActiveMenuIndex((i) => (i - 1 + filteredUserSkills.length) % filteredUserSkills.length);
+        return;
+      }
+      if (e.key === 'Enter' && !e.shiftKey) {
+        e.preventDefault();
+        const skill = filteredUserSkills[Math.min(activeMenuIndex, filteredUserSkills.length - 1)];
+        if (skill) insertUserSkillToken(skill);
+        return;
+      }
+      if (e.key === 'Escape') {
+        e.preventDefault();
+        closeAllMenus();
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+  }, [showAtMention, hosts, showSlashSkillPicker, filteredUserSkills, activeMenuIndex, handleSelectAtMention, insertUserSkillToken, closeAllMenus]);
+
   const handlePaste = useCallback((e: React.ClipboardEvent) => {
     const pastedFiles = Array.from(e.clipboardData.items)
-      .map((item) => item.getAsFile())
-      .filter(Boolean) as File[];
+      .map((item: DataTransferItem) => item.getAsFile())
+      .filter((f): f is File => !!f);
     if (pastedFiles.length > 0) {
       e.preventDefault();
       onAddFiles?.(pastedFiles);
@@ -166,21 +334,40 @@ const ChatInput: React.FC<ChatInputProps> = ({
 
   // Permission mode chip removed — agents run in autonomous mode
 
-  // selectedModelId may be "model/thinking" for codex
-  const selectedBaseModelId = selectedModelId?.split('/')[0];
-  const selectedThinking = selectedModelId?.includes('/') ? selectedModelId.split('/')[1] : undefined;
-  const selectedPreset = modelPresets.find(m => m.id === selectedBaseModelId);
+  // selectedModelId may be "<modelId>/<thinkingLevel>" for codex ChatGPT models
+  // (e.g. "gpt-5.4/high"). Note: custom config.toml / OpenRouter model ids
+  // themselves can contain '/' (e.g. "qwen/qwen3.6-plus"), so don't just
+  // split on the first '/'. Match against the full id first; only treat the
+  // trailing segment as a thinking level when we find a preset whose
+  // declared thinkingLevels make the combined form equal to selectedModelId.
+  const { selectedPreset, selectedThinking } = (() => {
+    if (!selectedModelId) return { selectedPreset: undefined, selectedThinking: undefined };
+    const direct = modelPresets.find(m => m.id === selectedModelId);
+    if (direct) return { selectedPreset: direct, selectedThinking: undefined };
+    const viaThinking = modelPresets.find(
+      m => m.thinkingLevels?.some(level => `${m.id}/${level}` === selectedModelId),
+    );
+    if (viaThinking) {
+      const thinking = selectedModelId.slice(viaThinking.id.length + 1);
+      return { selectedPreset: viaThinking, selectedThinking: thinking };
+    }
+    return { selectedPreset: undefined, selectedThinking: undefined };
+  })();
+  const selectedBaseModelId = selectedPreset?.id;
   const modelLabel = selectedPreset
     ? selectedPreset.name + (selectedThinking ? ` / ${formatThinkingLabel(selectedThinking)}` : '')
     : modelName || providerName || t('ai.chat.noModel');
   const hasModelPicker = modelPresets.length > 0 && onModelSelect;
   const chipClassName =
     'inline-flex h-6 items-center gap-1 rounded-full px-1.5 text-[10.5px] text-foreground/72';
+  const selectedSkillChipClassName =
+    'inline-flex h-7 items-center gap-1.5 rounded-full border border-primary/18 bg-primary/8 pl-2.5 pr-1.5 text-[11px] font-medium text-foreground/86 shadow-[inset_0_1px_0_rgba(255,255,255,0.06)]';
   const iconButtonClassName =
     'h-6 w-6 rounded-full bg-transparent text-foreground/62 hover:bg-muted/24 hover:text-foreground';
 
   return (
     <div className="shrink-0 px-4 pb-4">
+      <div ref={inputShellRef} className="relative">
       <PromptInput onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
         {/* File attachment chips */}
         {files.length > 0 && (
@@ -224,13 +411,44 @@ const ChatInput: React.FC<ChatInputProps> = ({
 
         {/* Textarea with expand toggle */}
         <div className="relative" onPaste={handlePaste} onDrop={handleDrop} onDragOver={(e) => e.preventDefault()}>
+          {selectedUserSkills.length > 0 && (
+            <div className="px-3 pt-3 pb-1.5">
+              <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-2">
+                {selectedUserSkills.map((skill) => (
+                  <div
+                    key={skill.id}
+                    className={selectedSkillChipClassName}
+                    title={skill.description || skill.name || skill.slug}
+                  >
+                    <Package size={11} className="text-primary/72 shrink-0" />
+                    <span className="truncate max-w-[180px]">
+                      {skill.name && skill.name !== skill.slug ? skill.name : `/${skill.slug}`}
+                    </span>
+                    <button
+                      type="button"
+                      onClick={() => onRemoveUserSkill?.(skill.slug)}
+                      className="inline-flex h-4.5 w-4.5 items-center justify-center rounded-full text-foreground/42 hover:bg-primary/10 hover:text-foreground/72 transition-colors cursor-pointer"
+                      aria-label={`Remove skill ${skill.name || skill.slug}`}
+                    >
+                      <X size={9} />
+                    </button>
+                  </div>
+                ))}
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          )}
           <PromptInputTextarea
             ref={textareaRef}
             value={value}
             onChange={(e) => handleInputChange(e.target.value)}
+            onKeyDown={handleTextareaKeyDown}
             placeholder={placeholder || defaultPlaceholder}
             disabled={disabled}
-            className={expanded ? 'max-h-[220px]' : undefined}
+            className={[
+              selectedUserSkills.length > 0 ? 'pt-1.5' : undefined,
+              expanded ? 'max-h-[220px]' : undefined,
+            ].filter(Boolean).join(' ')}
+            maxLength={100000}
           />
           <button
             type="button"
@@ -243,31 +461,93 @@ const ChatInput: React.FC<ChatInputProps> = ({
         </div>
 
         {/* @ mention popover */}
-        {showAtMention && hosts.length > 0 && menuPos && createPortal(
+        {showAtMention && hosts.length > 0 && inputPanelPos && createPortal(
           <>
             <div className="fixed inset-0 z-[999]" onClick={closeAllMenus} />
             <div
               role="listbox"
               aria-label="Mention host"
-              className="fixed z-[1000] min-w-[160px] rounded-lg border border-border/50 bg-popover shadow-lg py-1"
-              style={{ left: menuPos.left, bottom: menuPos.bottom }}
+              aria-activedescendant={hosts[activeMenuIndex] ? `at-mention-${hosts[activeMenuIndex].sessionId}` : undefined}
+              className="fixed z-[1000] overflow-hidden rounded-lg border border-border/50 bg-popover shadow-lg"
+              style={{ left: inputPanelPos.left, bottom: inputPanelPos.bottom, width: 'auto', minWidth: Math.min(200, inputPanelPos.width), maxWidth: inputPanelPos.width }}
             >
-              <div className="px-3 py-1 text-[10px] text-muted-foreground/40 tracking-wide">{t('ai.chat.menuHosts')}</div>
-              {hosts.map(host => (
-                <button
-                  key={host.sessionId}
-                  type="button"
-                  role="option"
-                  onClick={() => handleSelectAtMention(host)}
-                  className="w-full flex items-center gap-2 px-3 py-1.5 text-left text-[12px] hover:bg-muted/30 transition-colors cursor-pointer whitespace-nowrap"
-                >
-                  <span className={`h-1.5 w-1.5 rounded-full shrink-0 ${host.connected ? 'bg-green-500' : 'bg-muted-foreground/30'}`} />
-                  <span className="text-foreground/85 truncate">{host.label || host.hostname}</span>
-                  {host.label && host.hostname !== host.label && (
-                    <span className="text-[10px] text-muted-foreground/40">{host.hostname}</span>
-                  )}
-                </button>
-              ))}
+              <ScrollArea className="max-h-[280px]">
+                <div className="p-1">
+                  {hosts.map((host, idx) => {
+                    const isActive = idx === activeMenuIndex;
+                    const showHostnameLine = host.label
+                      && host.hostname !== host.label
+                      && !host.label.includes(host.hostname);
+                    return (
+                      <button
+                        id={`at-mention-${host.sessionId}`}
+                        key={host.sessionId}
+                        type="button"
+                        role="option"
+                        aria-selected={isActive}
+                        onMouseEnter={() => setActiveMenuIndex(idx)}
+                        onClick={() => handleSelectAtMention(host)}
+                        className={`w-full rounded-md px-2 py-1 text-left transition-colors cursor-pointer ${isActive ? 'bg-muted/40' : 'hover:bg-muted/30'}`}
+                      >
+                        <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[12px] text-foreground/90">
+                          <span className={`h-1.5 w-1.5 rounded-full shrink-0 ${host.connected ? 'bg-green-500' : 'bg-muted-foreground/30'}`} />
+                          <span className="truncate">{host.label || host.hostname}</span>
+                        </div>
+                        {showHostnameLine ? (
+                          <div className="pl-3.5 text-[10px] text-muted-foreground/60 truncate">
+                            {host.hostname}
+                          </div>
+                        ) : null}
+                      </button>
+                    );
+                  })}
+                </div>
+              </ScrollArea>
+            </div>
+          </>,
+          document.body,
+        )}
+
+        {/* / skill popover */}
+        {showSlashSkillPicker && filteredUserSkills.length > 0 && inputPanelPos && createPortal(
+          <>
+            <div className="fixed inset-0 z-[999]" onClick={closeAllMenus} />
+            <div
+              role="listbox"
+              aria-label="Insert user skill"
+              aria-activedescendant={filteredUserSkills[activeMenuIndex] ? `slash-skill-${filteredUserSkills[activeMenuIndex].id}` : undefined}
+              className="fixed z-[1000] overflow-hidden rounded-lg border border-border/50 bg-popover shadow-lg"
+              style={{ left: inputPanelPos.left, bottom: inputPanelPos.bottom, width: 'auto', minWidth: Math.min(200, inputPanelPos.width), maxWidth: inputPanelPos.width }}
+            >
+              <ScrollArea className="max-h-[280px]">
+                <div className="p-1">
+                  {filteredUserSkills.map((skill, idx) => {
+                    const isActive = idx === activeMenuIndex;
+                    return (
+                      <button
+                        id={`slash-skill-${skill.id}`}
+                        key={skill.id}
+                        type="button"
+                        role="option"
+                        aria-selected={isActive}
+                        onMouseEnter={() => setActiveMenuIndex(idx)}
+                        onClick={() => insertUserSkillToken(skill)}
+                        className={`w-full rounded-md px-2 py-1 text-left transition-colors cursor-pointer ${isActive ? 'bg-muted/40' : 'hover:bg-muted/30'}`}
+                      >
+                        <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[12px]">
+                          <Package size={12} className="text-muted-foreground/55 shrink-0" />
+                          <span className="text-foreground/90">/{skill.slug}</span>
+                        </div>
+                        {skill.description ? (
+                          <div className="pl-5 text-[10px] leading-4.5 text-muted-foreground/62 line-clamp-2">
+                            {skill.description}
+                          </div>
+                        ) : null}
+                      </button>
+                    );
+                  })}
+                </div>
+              </ScrollArea>
             </div>
           </>,
           document.body,
@@ -322,48 +602,30 @@ const ChatInput: React.FC<ChatInputProps> = ({
                     <ImageIcon size={13} className="text-muted-foreground/60" />
                     <span className="text-foreground/85">{t('ai.chat.menuImage')}</span>
                   </button>
-                  <div
-                    className="relative"
-                    onMouseEnter={() => setShowHostSubmenu(true)}
-                    onMouseLeave={() => setShowHostSubmenu(false)}
-                    onFocus={() => setShowHostSubmenu(true)}
-                    onBlur={(e) => { if (!e.currentTarget.contains(e.relatedTarget)) setShowHostSubmenu(false); }}
+                  <button
+                    type="button"
+                    role="menuitem"
+                    aria-label="Mention host"
+                    onClick={() => openInputPanelMenu('atMention')}
+                    className="w-full flex items-center gap-2.5 px-3 py-1.5 text-left text-[12px] hover:bg-muted/30 transition-colors cursor-pointer whitespace-nowrap"
                   >
+                    <AtSign size={13} className="text-muted-foreground/60" />
+                    <span className="flex-1 text-foreground/85">{t('ai.chat.menuMentionHost')}</span>
+                    {hosts.length > 0 && <ChevronRight size={10} className="text-muted-foreground/50" />}
+                  </button>
+                  {userSkills.length > 0 && (
                     <button
                       type="button"
                       role="menuitem"
-                      aria-label="Mention host"
-                      aria-expanded={showHostSubmenu && hosts.length > 0}
+                      aria-label="Insert user skill"
+                      onClick={() => openInputPanelMenu('slashSkill')}
                       className="w-full flex items-center gap-2.5 px-3 py-1.5 text-left text-[12px] hover:bg-muted/30 transition-colors cursor-pointer whitespace-nowrap"
                     >
-                      <AtSign size={13} className="text-muted-foreground/60" />
-                      <span className="flex-1 text-foreground/85">{t('ai.chat.menuMentionHost')}</span>
-                      {hosts.length > 0 && <ChevronRight size={10} className="text-muted-foreground/50" />}
+                      <Package size={13} className="text-muted-foreground/60" />
+                      <span className="flex-1 text-foreground/85">{t('ai.chat.menuUserSkills')}</span>
+                      <ChevronRight size={10} className="text-muted-foreground/50" />
                     </button>
-                    {showHostSubmenu && hosts.length > 0 && (
-                      <div role="menu" className="absolute left-full top-0 ml-1 min-w-[160px] rounded-lg border border-border/50 bg-popover shadow-lg py-1 z-[1001]">
-                        {hosts.map(host => (
-                          <button
-                            key={host.sessionId}
-                            type="button"
-                            role="menuitem"
-                            onClick={() => {
-                              const mention = `@${host.label || host.hostname} `;
-                              onChange(value + mention);
-                              closeAllMenus();
-                            }}
-                            className="w-full flex items-center gap-2 px-3 py-1.5 text-left text-[12px] hover:bg-muted/30 transition-colors cursor-pointer whitespace-nowrap"
-                          >
-                            <span className={`h-1.5 w-1.5 rounded-full shrink-0 ${host.connected ? 'bg-green-500' : 'bg-muted-foreground/30'}`} />
-                            <span className="text-foreground/85 truncate">{host.label || host.hostname}</span>
-                            {host.label && host.hostname !== host.label && (
-                              <span className="text-[10px] text-muted-foreground/40">{host.hostname}</span>
-                            )}
-                          </button>
-                        ))}
-                      </div>
-                    )}
-                  </div>
+                  )}
                 </div>
               </>,
               document.body,
@@ -375,7 +637,13 @@ const ChatInput: React.FC<ChatInputProps> = ({
                 if (!hasModelPicker) return;
                 if (!showModelPicker) {
                   const rect = modelBtnRef.current?.getBoundingClientRect();
-                  if (rect) setMenuPos({ left: rect.left, bottom: window.innerHeight - rect.top + 6 });
+                  if (rect) {
+                    // Clamp so the popover stays inside the viewport when
+                    // the chip is near the right edge of a narrow AI side
+                    // panel.
+                    const left = Math.max(8, Math.min(rect.left, window.innerWidth - MODEL_PICKER_MAX_WIDTH - 8));
+                    setMenuPos({ left, bottom: window.innerHeight - rect.top + 6 });
+                  }
                   setActiveMenu('model');
                 } else {
                   closeAllMenus();
@@ -395,8 +663,8 @@ const ChatInput: React.FC<ChatInputProps> = ({
                 <div
                   role="listbox"
                   aria-label="Select model"
-                  className="fixed z-[1000] min-w-[160px] rounded-lg border border-border/50 bg-popover shadow-lg py-1"
-                  style={{ left: menuPos.left, bottom: menuPos.bottom }}
+                  className="fixed z-[1000] w-max min-w-[160px] rounded-lg border border-border/50 bg-popover shadow-lg py-1"
+                  style={{ left: menuPos.left, bottom: menuPos.bottom, maxWidth: MODEL_PICKER_MAX_WIDTH }}
                   onMouseLeave={() => setHoveredModelId(null)}
                 >
                   {modelPresets.map(preset => {
@@ -420,12 +688,11 @@ const ChatInput: React.FC<ChatInputProps> = ({
                               closeAllMenus();
                             }
                           }}
-                          className="w-full flex items-center gap-1.5 px-3 py-1.5 text-left text-[12px] hover:bg-muted/30 transition-colors cursor-pointer whitespace-nowrap"
+                          className="w-full min-w-0 flex items-center gap-1.5 px-3 py-1.5 text-left text-[12px] hover:bg-muted/30 transition-colors cursor-pointer"
                         >
                           {isSelected ? <Check size={11} className="text-primary shrink-0" /> : <span className="w-[11px] shrink-0" />}
-                          <span className="flex-1 text-foreground/85">{preset.name}</span>
-                          {preset.description && <span className="text-[10px] text-muted-foreground/50 mr-1">{preset.description}</span>}
-                          {hasThinking && <ChevronRight size={10} className="text-muted-foreground/50" />}
+                          <span className="flex-1 min-w-0 truncate text-foreground/85">{preset.name}</span>
+                          {hasThinking && <ChevronRight size={10} className="text-muted-foreground/50 shrink-0" />}
                         </button>
                         {/* Thinking level sub-menu */}
                         {hasThinking && hoveredModelId === preset.id && (
@@ -555,6 +822,7 @@ const ChatInput: React.FC<ChatInputProps> = ({
           </div>
         </PromptInputFooter>
       </PromptInput>
+      </div>
     </div>
   );
 };

components/ai/ChatMessageList.tsx

@@ -177,13 +177,14 @@ const ChatMessageList: React.FC<ChatMessageListProps> = ({ messages, isStreaming
             return (
               <React.Fragment key={message.id}>
                 {message.toolResults?.map((tr) => (
-                  <ToolCall
-                    key={tr.toolCallId}
-                    name={toolCallNames.get(tr.toolCallId) || tr.toolCallId}
-                    args={toolCallArgs.get(tr.toolCallId)}
-                    result={tr.content}
-                    isError={tr.isError}
-                  />
+                  <div key={tr.toolCallId}>
+                    <ToolCall
+                      name={toolCallNames.get(tr.toolCallId) || tr.toolCallId}
+                      args={toolCallArgs.get(tr.toolCallId)}
+                      result={tr.content}
+                      isError={tr.isError}
+                    />
+                  </div>
                 ))}
               </React.Fragment>
             );
@@ -255,15 +256,16 @@ const ChatMessageList: React.FC<ChatMessageListProps> = ({ messages, isStreaming
                         ? 'denied' as const
                         : undefined;
                   return (
-                    <ToolCall
-                      key={tc.id}
-                      name={tc.name}
-                      args={tc.arguments}
-                      isInterrupted={!isPending}
-                      approvalStatus={approvalStatus}
-                      onApprove={() => handleApprove(tc.id)}
-                      onReject={() => handleReject(tc.id)}
-                    />
+                    <div key={tc.id}>
+                      <ToolCall
+                        name={tc.name}
+                        args={tc.arguments}
+                        isInterrupted={!isPending}
+                        approvalStatus={approvalStatus}
+                        onApprove={() => handleApprove(tc.id)}
+                        onReject={() => handleReject(tc.id)}
+                      />
+                    </div>
                   );
                 })}
 
@@ -308,34 +310,35 @@ const ChatMessageList: React.FC<ChatMessageListProps> = ({ messages, isStreaming
                 ? 'denied' as const
                 : undefined;
           return (
-            <ToolCall
-              key={tc.id}
-              name={tc.name}
-              args={tc.arguments}
-              isLoading={isStreaming && lastAssistantMessage.executionStatus === 'running' && !isPending}
-              approvalStatus={approvalStatus}
-              onApprove={() => handleApprove(tc.id)}
-              onReject={() => handleReject(tc.id)}
-            />
+            <div key={tc.id}>
+              <ToolCall
+                name={tc.name}
+                args={tc.arguments}
+                isLoading={isStreaming && lastAssistantMessage.executionStatus === 'running' && !isPending}
+                approvalStatus={approvalStatus}
+                onApprove={() => handleApprove(tc.id)}
+                onReject={() => handleReject(tc.id)}
+              />
+            </div>
           );
         })}
 
         {/* Standalone MCP/ACP approval requests (not tied to SDK tool calls) */}
         {Array.from(pendingApprovals.entries())
-          .filter((entry) => entry[0].startsWith('mcp_approval_') && (!activeSessionId || entry[1].chatSessionId === activeSessionId))
-          .map((entry) => {
-            const [id, req] = entry;
+          .filter(([id, req]) => id.startsWith('mcp_approval_') && (!activeSessionId || req.chatSessionId === activeSessionId))
+          .map(([id, req]) => {
             return (
-              <ToolCall
-                key={id}
-                name={req.toolName}
-                args={req.args}
-                isLoading={false}
-                isInterrupted={false}
-                approvalStatus={'pending'}
-                onApprove={() => handleApprove(id)}
-                onReject={() => handleReject(id)}
-              />
+              <div key={id}>
+                <ToolCall
+                  name={req.toolName}
+                  args={req.args}
+                  isLoading={false}
+                  isInterrupted={false}
+                  approvalStatus={'pending'}
+                  onApprove={() => handleApprove(id)}
+                  onReject={() => handleReject(id)}
+                />
+              </div>
             );
           })}
         {/* Streaming indicator — only when no content and no thinking yet */}

components/ai/acpHistory.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,662 @@
+import assert from "node:assert/strict";
+import test from "node:test";
+
+import type { ChatMessage } from "../../infrastructure/ai/types.ts";
+import {
+  buildAcpHistoryMessages,
+  buildAcpHistoryMessagesForBridge,
+} from "./acpHistory.ts";
+
+function message(
+  id: string,
+  role: ChatMessage["role"],
+  content: string,
+  extra: Partial<ChatMessage> = {},
+): ChatMessage {
+  return {
+    id,
+    role,
+    content,
+    timestamp: 1,
+    ...extra,
+  };
+}
+
+test("buildAcpHistoryMessages compacts older ACP context and keeps only recent raw turns", () => {
+  const messages: ChatMessage[] = [
+    message("u1", "user", "我希望最小改动，不要添加很多 test"),
+    message("a1", "assistant", "已按最小改动处理"),
+    message("u2", "user", "MCP 不允许使用，Windows 上不要假设 pwsh.exe"),
+    message("a2", "assistant", "PR #738 已创建，commit 4181a2c"),
+    message("u3", "user", "帮我上网查查优化方案，每轮都带历史太慢了"),
+    message("a3", "assistant", "建议 ACP history compaction"),
+    message("tool1", "tool", "", {
+      toolResults: [
+        {
+          toolCallId: "search",
+          content: `error: ${"large output ".repeat(500)}`,
+          isError: true,
+        },
+      ],
+    }),
+    message("u4", "user", "好的"),
+    message("a4", "assistant", "准备实现"),
+    message("u5", "user", "继续"),
+    message("a5", "assistant", "继续处理"),
+    message("u6", "user", "现在提交"),
+    message("a6", "assistant", "还没提交"),
+  ];
+
+  const result = buildAcpHistoryMessages(messages);
+
+  assert.equal(result[0].role, "user");
+  assert.match(result[0].content, /Compact prior Netcatty UI context/);
+  assert.match(result[0].content, /最小改动/);
+  assert.match(result[0].content, /pwsh\.exe/);
+  assert.match(result[0].content, /PR #738/);
+  assert.ok(result[0].content.length <= 3000);
+
+  assert.ok(result.length <= 7);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    result.slice(1).map((entry) => entry.content),
+    ["好的", "准备实现", "继续", "继续处理", "现在提交", "还没提交"],
+  );
+  assert.ok(result.every((entry) => entry.content.length <= 3000));
+});
+
+test("buildAcpHistoryMessagesForBridge keeps fallback history available for stale ACP session recovery", () => {
+  const messages = [message("u1", "user", "继续处理这个历史压缩问题")];
+
+  assert.equal(buildAcpHistoryMessagesForBridge([], "acp-session-1"), undefined);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    buildAcpHistoryMessagesForBridge(messages, "acp-session-1"),
+    buildAcpHistoryMessages(messages),
+  );
+});
+
+test("buildAcpHistoryMessages preserves older substantive user instructions outside the recent raw window", () => {
+  const messages: ChatMessage[] = [
+    message("u1", "user", "Keep this incremental and do not refactor unrelated files."),
+    message("a1", "assistant", "Understood."),
+  ];
+
+  for (let index = 2; index <= 13; index += 1) {
+    messages.push(
+      message(`u${index}`, "user", `filler user message ${index}`),
+      message(`a${index}`, "assistant", `filler assistant message ${index}`),
+    );
+  }
+
+  const result = buildAcpHistoryMessages(messages);
+
+  assert.equal(result[0].role, "user");
+  assert.match(result[0].content, /Keep this incremental and do not refactor unrelated files\./);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    result.slice(-6).map((entry) => entry.content),
+    [
+      "filler user message 11",
+      "filler assistant message 11",
+      "filler user message 12",
+      "filler assistant message 12",
+      "filler user message 13",
+      "filler assistant message 13",
+    ],
+  );
+});
+
+test("buildAcpHistoryMessages preserves short important user constraints outside the recent raw window", () => {
+  const messages: ChatMessage[] = [
+    message("u1", "user", "不要提交"),
+    message("a1", "assistant", "收到"),
+  ];
+
+  for (let index = 2; index <= 13; index += 1) {
+    messages.push(
+      message(`u${index}`, "user", `filler user message ${index}`),
+      message(`a${index}`, "assistant", `filler assistant message ${index}`),
+    );
+  }
+
+  const result = buildAcpHistoryMessages(messages);
+
+  assert.equal(result[0].role, "user");
+  assert.match(result[0].content, /不要提交/);
+});
+
+test("buildAcpHistoryMessages does not treat pr inside ordinary words as important", () => {
+  // Original intent: `\bpr\b` in IMPORTANT_PATTERNS must NOT match 'pr'
+  // inside ordinary English words like 'approach' / 'improve' / 'prepare'.
+  // Those words land at priority=1 (kept only as space allows) while the
+  // 不要提交 line lands at priority=2 (always preferred). The check below
+  // doesn't assert that the ordinary words are absent from the compact
+  // section — they may legitimately survive when budget allows; that's
+  // intentional after we stopped blanket-dropping short user messages.
+  // What we DO verify: the priority-2 line is selected, which is only
+  // possible if the IMPORTANT_PATTERNS regex correctly distinguishes it
+  // from the surrounding short ordinary-word turns.
+  const messages: ChatMessage[] = [
+    message("u1", "user", "不要提交"),
+    message("a1", "assistant", "收到"),
+    message("u2", "user", "approach"),
+    message("a2", "assistant", "ack"),
+    message("u3", "user", "improve"),
+    message("a3", "assistant", "ack"),
+    message("u4", "user", "prepare"),
+    message("a4", "assistant", "ack"),
+  ];
+
+  for (let index = 5; index <= 13; index += 1) {
+    messages.push(
+      message(`u${index}`, "user", `filler user message ${index}`),
+      message(`a${index}`, "assistant", `filler assistant message ${index}`),
+    );
+  }
+
+  const result = buildAcpHistoryMessages(messages);
+
+  assert.equal(result[0].role, "user");
+  assert.match(result[0].content, /不要提交/);
+});
+
+test("buildAcpHistoryMessages prioritizes later durable instructions over older filler prompts", () => {
+  const messages: ChatMessage[] = [];
+
+  for (let index = 1; index <= 12; index += 1) {
+    messages.push(
+      message(
+        `u${index}`,
+        "user",
+        `Please continue with implementation step ${index} and keep momentum by following the current plan carefully.`,
+      ),
+      message(`a${index}`, "assistant", `Ack ${index}`),
+    );
+  }
+
+  messages.push(
+    message("u13", "user", "Keep the existing layout and copy wording unchanged."),
+    message("a13", "assistant", "Understood."),
+  );
+
+  for (let index = 14; index <= 18; index += 1) {
+    messages.push(
+      message(
+        `u${index}`,
+        "user",
+        `Please continue with implementation step ${index} and keep momentum by following the current plan carefully.`,
+      ),
+      message(`a${index}`, "assistant", `Ack ${index}`),
+    );
+  }
+
+  const result = buildAcpHistoryMessages(messages);
+
+  assert.equal(result[0].role, "user");
+  assert.match(result[0].content, /Keep the existing layout and copy wording unchanged\./);
+});
+
+test("buildAcpHistoryMessages preserves older substantive assistant context that later user prompts can reference", () => {
+  const messages: ChatMessage[] = [
+    message("u1", "user", "Please propose a migration plan for the sidebar state."),
+    message(
+      "a1",
+      "assistant",
+      "Plan: 1. Introduce a dedicated hook for the panel stack. 2. Move the derived view state into that hook. 3. Keep the existing UI copy and layout. 4. Add a regression test around back navigation.",
+    ),
+  ];
+
+  for (let index = 2; index <= 13; index += 1) {
+    messages.push(
+      message(`u${index}`, "user", `filler user message ${index}`),
+      message(`a${index}`, "assistant", `Ack ${index}`),
+    );
+  }
+
+  messages.push(message("u14", "user", "Apply step 2 of your plan now."));
+
+  const result = buildAcpHistoryMessages(messages);
+
+  assert.equal(result[0].role, "user");
+  assert.match(result[0].content, /Move the derived view state into that hook\./);
+});
+
+test("buildAcpHistoryMessages preserves short non-trivial user constraints that miss the IMPORTANT regex", () => {
+  // Regression: short load-bearing instructions like "Use ssh2" / "中文输出"
+  // would previously be dropped by a blanket length<10 heuristic, even
+  // though they don't match any TRIVIAL pattern.
+  const messages: ChatMessage[] = [
+    message("u1", "user", "Use ssh2"),
+    message("a1", "assistant", "Got it."),
+    message("u2", "user", "中文输出"),
+    message("a2", "assistant", "明白"),
+  ];
+
+  // Push enough later turns so u1/u2 fall outside the recent raw window
+  // and have to survive via the durable-user compaction path.
+  for (let index = 3; index <= 13; index += 1) {
+    messages.push(
+      message(`u${index}`, "user", `filler user message ${index}`),
+      message(`a${index}`, "assistant", `filler assistant message ${index}`),
+    );
+  }
+
+  const result = buildAcpHistoryMessages(messages);
+
+  assert.equal(result[0].role, "user");
+  assert.match(result[0].content, /Use ssh2/);
+  assert.match(result[0].content, /中文输出/);
+});
+
+test("buildAcpHistoryMessages still drops one-word filler user messages", () => {
+  // Sanity: removing the length<10 heuristic must not cause "ok" / "继续" /
+  // "thanks" filler to leak into the compact section.
+  const messages: ChatMessage[] = [
+    message("u1", "user", "ok"),
+    message("a1", "assistant", "ack"),
+    message("u2", "user", "继续"),
+    message("a2", "assistant", "继续处理"),
+  ];
+
+  for (let index = 3; index <= 13; index += 1) {
+    messages.push(
+      message(`u${index}`, "user", `filler user message ${index}`),
+      message(`a${index}`, "assistant", `filler assistant message ${index}`),
+    );
+  }
+
+  const result = buildAcpHistoryMessages(messages);
+
+  // u1 / u2 fall outside the recent raw window. The compact context, if it
+  // exists, must not surface these trivial turns as durable user requests.
+  if (result.length > 0 && result[0].role === "user") {
+    assert.doesNotMatch(result[0].content, /User request: ok\b/);
+    assert.doesNotMatch(result[0].content, /User request: 继续/);
+  }
+});
+
+test("buildAcpHistoryMessages preserves recent tool results verbatim (up to the raw budget) for follow-up references", () => {
+  // Regression: tool results used to only reach fallback replay via the
+  // 500-char compact summary. If the user's last interaction produced a
+  // large tool output (cat/rg/fetched file), any "use that output"-style
+  // follow-up lost the actual bytes. Now tool messages flow through the
+  // recent raw window at MAX_RAW_MESSAGE_CHARS (2000).
+  const bigToolOutput = "DATA ".repeat(300); // ~1500 chars — bigger than summary cap but smaller than raw cap
+  const messages: ChatMessage[] = [
+    message("u1", "user", "cat /etc/hosts"),
+    message("a1", "assistant", "", {
+      toolCalls: [{ id: "call1", name: "terminal", arguments: { cmd: "cat /etc/hosts" } }],
+    }),
+    message("tool1", "tool", "", {
+      toolResults: [
+        { toolCallId: "call1", content: bigToolOutput, isError: false },
+      ],
+    }),
+    message("u2", "user", "use that output"),
+  ];
+
+  const result = buildAcpHistoryMessages(messages);
+  const flat = result.map((m) => m.content).join("\n---\n");
+
+  // Raw-window tool result carries both the [from ...] provenance label
+  // and the actual bytes (not just the 500-char compact summary).
+  assert.match(flat, /Tool result \[from terminal.*?cat \/etc\/hosts.*?\] \(call1\): DATA DATA DATA/);
+  // Confirm we kept enough bytes to exceed the compact-summary cap.
+  const toolResultIdx = flat.indexOf("Tool result [from terminal");
+  assert.ok(toolResultIdx >= 0, "tool result line must appear in raw window");
+  const toolResultChunk = flat.slice(toolResultIdx);
+  assert.ok(
+    toolResultChunk.length > 600,
+    `expected tool result chunk to exceed compact cap (~500 chars), got ${toolResultChunk.length}`,
+  );
+});
+
+test("buildAcpHistoryMessages inlines tool_call name+args so tool_result is interpretable without the preceding assistant turn", () => {
+  // Regression: if the raw window starts mid-tool-interaction, the
+  // preceding assistant tool_call message may be outside the 6-item
+  // slice. Without the call's name/args inline on the result line, the
+  // AI sees opaque bytes and "use that output" becomes ambiguous.
+  const messages: ChatMessage[] = [
+    // Early filler to push the tool_call off the raw window
+    message("u0", "user", "prior chatter"),
+    message("a0", "assistant", "prior reply"),
+    message("u1", "user", "cat /etc/hosts"),
+    message("a1", "assistant", "", {
+      toolCalls: [
+        { id: "call1", name: "terminal_exec", arguments: { command: "cat /etc/hosts" } },
+      ],
+    }),
+    message("tool1", "tool", "", {
+      toolResults: [
+        { toolCallId: "call1", content: "127.0.0.1 localhost", isError: false },
+      ],
+    }),
+    message("u2", "user", "use that output"),
+    message("a2", "assistant", "acknowledged"),
+    message("u3", "user", "now do the same for /etc/resolv.conf"),
+  ];
+
+  const result = buildAcpHistoryMessages(messages);
+  const flat = result.map((m) => m.content).join("\n---\n");
+
+  // The tool_result line must carry the originating tool_call's name and
+  // args, so even if a1 was pushed out of the raw window, the result is
+  // self-describing.
+  assert.match(flat, /Tool result \[from terminal_exec/);
+  assert.match(flat, /cat \/etc\/hosts/);
+});
+
+test("buildAcpHistoryMessages bounds the durable-candidate scan to avoid O(N) work per send on long chats", () => {
+  // Regression target: codex review flagged that the compaction path
+  // scanned messages.entries() over the full transcript. Build a very
+  // long chat (>> MAX_DURABLE_SCAN_TURNS user turns) and verify that
+  // only messages within the recent user-turn window contribute
+  // durable candidates.
+  const messages: ChatMessage[] = [];
+  // An ancient high-priority constraint that MUST be aged out.
+  messages.push(message("old-important", "user", "不要提交 old-marker-xyz"));
+  messages.push(message("old-ack", "assistant", "收到"));
+
+  // 300 filler turns between the ancient constraint and the window —
+  // well past MAX_DURABLE_SCAN_TURNS (100).
+  for (let i = 0; i < 300; i += 1) {
+    messages.push(
+      message(`u${i}`, "user", `filler user message ${i}`),
+      message(`a${i}`, "assistant", `filler assistant message ${i}`),
+    );
+  }
+
+  // A recent constraint that should survive.
+  messages.push(message("recent-important", "user", "不要提交 recent-marker-abc"));
+  for (let i = 0; i < 5; i += 1) {
+    messages.push(
+      message(`t${i}`, "user", `tail user message ${i}`),
+      message(`ta${i}`, "assistant", `tail assistant message ${i}`),
+    );
+  }
+
+  const result = buildAcpHistoryMessages(messages);
+  const flat = result.map((m) => m.content).join("\n---\n");
+
+  // Recent priority-2 constraint is kept.
+  assert.match(flat, /recent-marker-abc/);
+  // Ancient one past the scan window is dropped — proof the bound holds.
+  assert.doesNotMatch(flat, /old-marker-xyz/);
+});
+
+test("buildAcpHistoryMessages preserves an early constraint in a tool-heavy chat where message count balloons past the raw-count limit", () => {
+  // Regression: the previous bound was MAX_DURABLE_SCAN_MESSAGES=200 on
+  // the raw message array. In a tool-heavy chat, each user turn can
+  // expand to 5+ messages (user + assistant w/ toolCalls + N tool
+  // results + follow-up assistant), so 200 messages might be only
+  // ~40 user turns. An instruction like "不要提交" from turn 5 would
+  // fall out of the scan before the turn count justified aging it out.
+  //
+  // Now the bound is MAX_DURABLE_SCAN_TURNS=100 user turns. Build a
+  // chat with only 30 user turns but many messages per turn — the
+  // early constraint must still survive.
+  const messages: ChatMessage[] = [];
+  messages.push(message("early-important", "user", "不要提交 EARLY_CONSTRAINT_MARKER"));
+  messages.push(message("early-ack", "assistant", "收到"));
+
+  // 35 additional turns, each with 6 messages (bloats the total
+  // message count to >200 without exceeding 100 user turns).
+  for (let turn = 1; turn < 36; turn += 1) {
+    messages.push(message(`u${turn}`, "user", `turn ${turn} request`));
+    messages.push(message(`a${turn}-plan`, "assistant", "let me check", {
+      toolCalls: [
+        { id: `c${turn}a`, name: "terminal_exec", arguments: { cmd: "echo a" } },
+        { id: `c${turn}b`, name: "terminal_exec", arguments: { cmd: "echo b" } },
+        { id: `c${turn}c`, name: "terminal_exec", arguments: { cmd: "echo c" } },
+      ],
+    }));
+    messages.push(message(`t${turn}a`, "tool", "", {
+      toolResults: [{ toolCallId: `c${turn}a`, content: `result a of turn ${turn}`, isError: false }],
+    }));
+    messages.push(message(`t${turn}b`, "tool", "", {
+      toolResults: [{ toolCallId: `c${turn}b`, content: `result b of turn ${turn}`, isError: false }],
+    }));
+    messages.push(message(`t${turn}c`, "tool", "", {
+      toolResults: [{ toolCallId: `c${turn}c`, content: `result c of turn ${turn}`, isError: false }],
+    }));
+    messages.push(message(`a${turn}-done`, "assistant", `turn ${turn} done`));
+  }
+
+  // Sanity: the message count is over 200 even though user turns are 30.
+  assert.ok(messages.length > 200, `setup: expected > 200 messages, got ${messages.length}`);
+
+  const result = buildAcpHistoryMessages(messages);
+  const flat = result.map((m) => m.content).join("\n---\n");
+
+  // Under the old raw-count bound, the early constraint would age out;
+  // under the turn-based bound it survives.
+  assert.match(flat, /EARLY_CONSTRAINT_MARKER/);
+});
+
+test("buildAcpHistoryMessages preserves short non-trivial assistant decisions that miss the keyword heuristic", () => {
+  // Regression: isSubstantiveAssistantMessage previously required length
+  // >= 40 OR a small English keyword match OR a numbered list. Short
+  // load-bearing replies like "Use ssh2" / "rebase instead" / "中文输出"
+  // satisfied none of those and were silently dropped. After a stale-
+  // session recovery, "do what you suggested earlier" would then replay
+  // only the user's question without the assistant's actual decision.
+  const messages: ChatMessage[] = [
+    message("u1", "user", "which client should I use"),
+    message("a1", "assistant", "Use ssh2"),
+    message("u2", "user", "output language?"),
+    message("a2", "assistant", "中文输出"),
+    message("u3", "user", "merge or rebase?"),
+    message("a3", "assistant", "rebase instead"),
+  ];
+
+  // Pad so u1..a3 fall outside the recent raw window (last 6 items) and
+  // must flow through the durable-assistant compact pass.
+  for (let index = 4; index <= 13; index += 1) {
+    messages.push(
+      message(`u${index}`, "user", `filler user message ${index}`),
+      message(`a${index}`, "assistant", `Ack ${index}`),
+    );
+  }
+
+  const result = buildAcpHistoryMessages(messages);
+  const flat = result.map((m) => m.content).join("\n---\n");
+
+  assert.match(flat, /Use ssh2/);
+  assert.match(flat, /中文输出/);
+  assert.match(flat, /rebase instead/);
+});
+
+test("buildAcpHistoryMessages still drops trivial assistant filler like 'ack' / 'ok' / '明白'", () => {
+  // Sanity: removing the length/keyword gate must not let assistant
+  // filler leak into the compact durable-assistant section.
+  const messages: ChatMessage[] = [
+    message("u1", "user", "prompt 1"),
+    message("a1", "assistant", "ack"),
+    message("u2", "user", "prompt 2"),
+    message("a2", "assistant", "明白"),
+    message("u3", "user", "prompt 3"),
+    message("a3", "assistant", "got it"),
+  ];
+
+  for (let index = 4; index <= 13; index += 1) {
+    messages.push(
+      message(`u${index}`, "user", `filler user message ${index}`),
+      message(`a${index}`, "assistant", `more filler ${index}`),
+    );
+  }
+
+  const result = buildAcpHistoryMessages(messages);
+  const flat = result.map((m) => m.content).join("\n---\n");
+
+  assert.doesNotMatch(flat, /Assistant context: ack\b/);
+  assert.doesNotMatch(flat, /Assistant context: got it\b/);
+  assert.doesNotMatch(flat, /Assistant context: 明白/);
+});
+
+test("buildAcpHistoryMessages inlines tool_call context on OLDER summarized tool results", () => {
+  // Regression: the raw-window fix covered the last 6 items, but once
+  // a tool result fell into the compact section (summarizeToolMessage
+  // path) the `[from <name>(<args>)]` provenance label was absent.
+  // With multiple older tool outputs, all surfacing as identical
+  // `Tool result (callN): ...`, follow-ups like "use the resolv.conf
+  // output" have no way to map to the right call.
+  const messages: ChatMessage[] = [
+    // Two distinct tool interactions, both pushed well outside the
+    // recent raw window by later turns.
+    message("u1", "user", "show hosts"),
+    message("a1", "assistant", "", {
+      toolCalls: [{ id: "call-hosts", name: "terminal_exec", arguments: { command: "cat /etc/hosts" } }],
+    }),
+    message("tool1", "tool", "", {
+      toolResults: [{ toolCallId: "call-hosts", content: "127.0.0.1 localhost", isError: false }],
+    }),
+    message("u2", "user", "show resolv.conf"),
+    message("a2", "assistant", "", {
+      toolCalls: [{ id: "call-resolv", name: "terminal_exec", arguments: { command: "cat /etc/resolv.conf" } }],
+    }),
+    message("tool2", "tool", "", {
+      toolResults: [{ toolCallId: "call-resolv", content: "nameserver 8.8.8.8", isError: false }],
+    }),
+    // Important user text so summarizeMessage picks these up via the
+    // important-text branch; tool results themselves are always
+    // summarized regardless of IMPORTANT_PATTERNS.
+    message("u3", "user", "fallback plan"),
+  ];
+
+  // Filler to push the early tool results out of the 6-item raw window
+  // and into the compact summary section (scanned = last 20).
+  for (let index = 4; index <= 10; index += 1) {
+    messages.push(
+      message(`u${index}`, "user", `filler user message ${index}`),
+      message(`a${index}`, "assistant", `Ack ${index}`),
+    );
+  }
+
+  const result = buildAcpHistoryMessages(messages);
+  const flat = result.map((m) => m.content).join("\n---\n");
+
+  // Both older tool results must now carry provenance labels so a
+  // follow-up can disambiguate them.
+  assert.match(flat, /Tool result \[from terminal_exec.*?cat \/etc\/hosts/);
+  assert.match(flat, /Tool result \[from terminal_exec.*?cat \/etc\/resolv\.conf/);
+});
+
+test("buildAcpHistoryMessages does not duplicate recent raw turns into the compact summary section", () => {
+  // Regression: the scanned loop (last 20) overlaps with recentRaw (last 6).
+  // Without skipping raw-window items, the same last-6 turns would be
+  // summarized in the compact section AND appended verbatim in the raw
+  // section — doubling the budget cost of important user turns / large
+  // tool output and crowding out older durable context.
+  //
+  // Setup: enough filler upfront that u3 ends up OUTSIDE the raw window
+  // (so it can be asserted absent from raw), then a distinctive "raw
+  // only" marker that should appear only in the last-6 raw slice.
+  const messages: ChatMessage[] = [];
+  for (let index = 1; index <= 6; index += 1) {
+    messages.push(
+      message(`uf${index}`, "user", `filler user ${index}`),
+      message(`af${index}`, "assistant", `filler assistant ${index}`),
+    );
+  }
+  // These are the last 4 user/assistant messages — guaranteed to be in
+  // the last-6 raw slice. The IMPORTANT markers below would ordinarily
+  // also get summarized into the compact section, duplicating the cost.
+  messages.push(
+    message("u-rec1", "user", "commit now IMPORTANT_RAW_MARKER please"),
+    message("a-rec1", "assistant", "", {
+      toolCalls: [{ id: "c1", name: "git", arguments: { op: "commit" } }],
+    }),
+    message("tool-rec", "tool", "", {
+      toolResults: [{ toolCallId: "c1", content: "committed abc123 RAW_TOOL_MARKER", isError: false }],
+    }),
+    message("u-rec2", "user", "now push"),
+  );
+
+  const result = buildAcpHistoryMessages(messages);
+
+  const compact = result.find((m) => m.content.includes("[Compact prior Netcatty UI context]"));
+  assert.ok(compact, "expected a compact context message");
+
+  // Both markers belong to messages inside the raw window — they must
+  // not be summarized into compact (which would double-bill them).
+  assert.doesNotMatch(compact.content, /IMPORTANT_RAW_MARKER/);
+  assert.doesNotMatch(compact.content, /RAW_TOOL_MARKER/);
+
+  // Raw section still carries them verbatim.
+  const raw = result.filter((m) => !m.content.includes("[Compact prior Netcatty UI context]"));
+  const rawFlat = raw.map((m) => m.content).join("\n");
+  assert.match(rawFlat, /IMPORTANT_RAW_MARKER/);
+  assert.match(rawFlat, /RAW_TOOL_MARKER/);
+});
+
+test("buildAcpHistoryMessages resolves tool_call provenance correctly when tool ids are reused across turns", () => {
+  // Regression: keying toolCallIndex by raw toolCall.id alone let a later
+  // assistant tool_call with the same id overwrite the older one. An
+  // older tool_result in the replay history would then be annotated
+  // with the wrong command (e.g. a /etc/hosts result labeled as
+  // /etc/resolv.conf). Now each tool_result is indexed by its own
+  // messageId + toolCallId and resolved to the most recent preceding
+  // call with that id.
+  const messages: ChatMessage[] = [
+    message("u1", "user", "show hosts"),
+    message("a1", "assistant", "", {
+      toolCalls: [{ id: "call1", name: "terminal_exec", arguments: { command: "cat /etc/hosts" } }],
+    }),
+    message("tool-hosts", "tool", "", {
+      toolResults: [{ toolCallId: "call1", content: "127.0.0.1 localhost HOSTS_BYTES", isError: false }],
+    }),
+    // A later assistant turn reuses the id "call1" for a different call.
+    message("u2", "user", "show resolv"),
+    message("a2", "assistant", "", {
+      toolCalls: [{ id: "call1", name: "terminal_exec", arguments: { command: "cat /etc/resolv.conf" } }],
+    }),
+    message("tool-resolv", "tool", "", {
+      toolResults: [{ toolCallId: "call1", content: "nameserver 8.8.8.8 RESOLV_BYTES", isError: false }],
+    }),
+    message("u3", "user", "ok"),
+  ];
+
+  // Pad so the first interaction lands in the compact summary pass.
+  for (let index = 4; index <= 10; index += 1) {
+    messages.push(
+      message(`u${index}`, "user", `filler user message ${index}`),
+      message(`a${index}`, "assistant", `Ack ${index}`),
+    );
+  }
+
+  const result = buildAcpHistoryMessages(messages);
+  const flat = result.map((m) => m.content).join("\n---\n");
+
+  // Each tool_result must be annotated with ITS OWN preceding call's
+  // args — not whichever assistant tool_call happened to win the
+  // last-write on the shared id.
+  //
+  // Extract the two Tool-result lines and match each to its expected
+  // args. Use non-greedy .*? — the args JSON can contain parentheses.
+  const hostsMatch = flat.match(/Tool result \[from [^\]]*?cat \/etc\/hosts[^\]]*?\][^\n]*HOSTS_BYTES/);
+  const resolvMatch = flat.match(/Tool result \[from [^\]]*?cat \/etc\/resolv\.conf[^\]]*?\][^\n]*RESOLV_BYTES/);
+
+  assert.ok(hostsMatch, "hosts result must still be labeled with cat /etc/hosts despite later id reuse");
+  assert.ok(resolvMatch, "resolv result must be labeled with cat /etc/resolv.conf");
+});
+
+test("buildAcpHistoryMessages preserves assistant-only compact context", () => {
+  const messages: ChatMessage[] = [
+    message("u1", "user", "ok"),
+    message(
+      "a1",
+      "assistant",
+      "Plan: 1. Move parser setup into a dedicated hook. 2. Keep storage schema unchanged. 3. Add a regression test.",
+    ),
+  ];
+
+  for (let index = 2; index <= 7; index += 1) {
+    messages.push(
+      message(`u${index}`, "user", index % 2 === 0 ? "ok" : "continue"),
+      message(`a${index}`, "assistant", "ack"),
+    );
+  }
+
+  const result = buildAcpHistoryMessages(messages);
+
+  assert.equal(result[0].role, "user");
+  assert.match(result[0].content, /Move parser setup into a dedicated hook\./);
+});

components/ai/acpHistory.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,438 @@
+import type { ChatMessage } from "../../infrastructure/ai/types.ts";
+
+type AcpHistoryMessage = { role: "user" | "assistant"; content: string };
+type RawHistoryMessage = AcpHistoryMessage & { sourceId: string };
+type DurableUserLine = {
+  line: string;
+  messageIndex: number;
+  priority: number;
+};
+
+const MAX_RECENT_RAW_MESSAGES = 6;
+const MAX_MESSAGES_TO_SCAN = 20;
+// Bound the scan by user turns, not raw message count: a tool-heavy ACP
+// chat can produce 5+ messages per logical turn (user + assistant +
+// several tool_results + follow-up assistant), so a plain
+// message-count cap ages out early constraints much sooner than intended.
+const MAX_DURABLE_SCAN_TURNS = 100;
+const MAX_COMPACT_CONTEXT_CHARS = 3000;
+const MAX_RAW_MESSAGE_CHARS = 2000;
+const MAX_TOOL_SUMMARY_CHARS = 500;
+const MAX_DURABLE_USER_CONTEXT_CHARS = 1400;
+const MAX_DURABLE_ASSISTANT_CONTEXT_CHARS = 900;
+const MAX_RECENT_SUMMARY_CONTEXT_CHARS = 1200;
+const MAX_DURABLE_USER_MESSAGE_CHARS = 280;
+const MAX_DURABLE_ASSISTANT_MESSAGE_CHARS = 360;
+const MAX_TOOL_CALL_LABEL_CHARS = 200;
+
+type ToolCallInfo = { name: string; arguments: unknown };
+
+const IMPORTANT_PATTERNS = [
+  /不要|别|不能|不允许|必须|希望|只|最小|先|暂时|fallback|pwsh|powershell|cmd\.exe|windows|mcp|skills|cli|commit|\bpr\b|打包|内存|历史|压缩|慢/i,
+  /error|failed|failure|exit code|exception|cannot|unable|timeout|crash|fallback|commit|pull request|PR #\d+/i,
+];
+const DURABLE_CONSTRAINT_PATTERNS = [
+  /\bdo not\b|\bdon't\b|\bkeep\b|\bpreserve\b|\bavoid\b|\bonly\b|\bunchanged\b|\blocal only\b|\bwithout\b|\bleave\b/i,
+  /不要|别|保留|保持|维持|不改|别改|不要改|仅限本地/i,
+];
+const TRIVIAL_USER_MESSAGE_PATTERNS = [
+  /^(ok|okay|yes|no|thanks|thank you|continue|继续|好的|收到|行|嗯|好|继续处理|继续吧|开始吧)[.!? ]*$/i,
+];
+const TRIVIAL_ASSISTANT_MESSAGE_PATTERNS = [
+  /^(ok|okay|understood|got it|working|proceeding|ready|ack(?: \d+)?|收到|明白|继续处理|准备实现|开始处理|处理中)[.!? ]*$/i,
+];
+
+function truncateText(value: string, maxChars: number): string {
+  if (value.length <= maxChars) return value;
+  return `${value.slice(0, Math.max(0, maxChars - 24)).trimEnd()}\n[truncated]`;
+}
+
+function normalizeWhitespace(value: string): string {
+  return value.replace(/\s+/g, " ").trim();
+}
+
+function isImportantText(value: string): boolean {
+  return IMPORTANT_PATTERNS.some((pattern) => pattern.test(value));
+}
+
+function isDurableConstraintText(value: string): boolean {
+  return DURABLE_CONSTRAINT_PATTERNS.some((pattern) => pattern.test(value));
+}
+
+function isTrivialUserMessage(value: string): boolean {
+  const normalized = normalizeWhitespace(value);
+  if (isImportantText(normalized) || isDurableConstraintText(normalized)) return false;
+  // Don't blanket-drop short messages — short user turns are often
+  // load-bearing constraints ("Use ssh2", "中文输出", "no logs", "more
+  // verbose") that the IMPORTANT/DURABLE regexes can't realistically
+  // enumerate. The trivial-phrase regex already catches actual filler
+  // ("ok", "yes", "thanks", "继续").
+  return TRIVIAL_USER_MESSAGE_PATTERNS.some((pattern) => pattern.test(normalized));
+}
+
+function getDurableUserPriority(value: string): number {
+  const normalized = normalizeWhitespace(value);
+  if (isImportantText(normalized) || isDurableConstraintText(normalized)) return 2;
+  return 1;
+}
+
+function isSubstantiveAssistantMessage(value: string): boolean {
+  const normalized = normalizeWhitespace(value);
+  if (!normalized) return false;
+  // Mirror the user-side loosening: don't blanket-drop short assistant
+  // messages just because they're under 40 chars or don't match the small
+  // English keyword list. Short but load-bearing decisions ("Use ssh2",
+  // "rebase instead", "中文输出") aren't realistically enumerable and
+  // they're the exact things a later "do what you suggested" references.
+  // TRIVIAL_ASSISTANT_MESSAGE_PATTERNS still catches the actual filler
+  // ("ok", "ack", "got it", "明白").
+  return !TRIVIAL_ASSISTANT_MESSAGE_PATTERNS.some((pattern) => pattern.test(normalized));
+}
+
+function getDurableAssistantPriority(value: string): number {
+  const normalized = normalizeWhitespace(value);
+  if (isImportantText(normalized)) return 2;
+  return 1;
+}
+
+function appendUniqueLine(
+  target: string[],
+  seen: Set<string>,
+  line: string,
+  maxSectionChars: number,
+  sectionCharsRef: { value: number },
+): void {
+  const normalized = normalizeWhitespace(line);
+  if (!normalized || seen.has(normalized)) return;
+  const nextChars = sectionCharsRef.value + normalized.length;
+  if (nextChars > maxSectionChars) return;
+  seen.add(normalized);
+  target.push(normalized);
+  sectionCharsRef.value = nextChars;
+}
+
+function summarizeToolMessage(
+  message: ChatMessage,
+  toolCallIndex: Map<string, ToolCallInfo>,
+): string[] {
+  if (!message.toolResults?.length) return [];
+  return message.toolResults.map((result) => {
+    const prefix = result.isError ? "Tool error" : "Tool result";
+    const content = normalizeWhitespace(result.content || "");
+    // Same provenance problem as the raw-window path: once a tool result
+    // lands in the compact section (older than the 6-item raw window),
+    // its paired assistant tool_call is almost always gone. Without the
+    // call label, multiple older results collapse into indistinguishable
+    // "Tool result (callN): ..." lines and follow-ups like "use the
+    // resolv.conf output" can't be resolved. Inline the name+args here
+    // the same way toRawHistoryMessage does.
+    const callInfo = lookupToolCallInfo(toolCallIndex, message.id, result.toolCallId);
+    const callLabel = callInfo
+      ? ` [from ${callInfo.name}(${truncateText(JSON.stringify(callInfo.arguments ?? {}), MAX_TOOL_CALL_LABEL_CHARS)})]`
+      : "";
+    return `${prefix}${callLabel} (${result.toolCallId}): ${truncateText(content, MAX_TOOL_SUMMARY_CHARS)}`;
+  });
+}
+
+function summarizeMessage(
+  message: ChatMessage,
+  toolCallIndex: Map<string, ToolCallInfo>,
+): string[] {
+  if (message.role === "system") return [];
+  if (message.role === "tool") return summarizeToolMessage(message, toolCallIndex);
+
+  const lines: string[] = [];
+  if (message.content && isImportantText(message.content)) {
+    const label = message.role === "user" ? "User" : "Assistant";
+    lines.push(`${label}: ${truncateText(normalizeWhitespace(message.content), MAX_TOOL_SUMMARY_CHARS)}`);
+  }
+
+  if (message.role === "assistant" && message.toolCalls?.length) {
+    for (const toolCall of message.toolCalls) {
+      const args = JSON.stringify(toolCall.arguments ?? {});
+      const summary = `Tool call: ${toolCall.name}(${truncateText(args, 220)})`;
+      if (isImportantText(summary)) lines.push(summary);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return lines;
+}
+
+function summarizeDurableUserMessage(message: ChatMessage): string | null {
+  if (message.role !== "user" || !message.content) return null;
+  if (isTrivialUserMessage(message.content)) return null;
+  return `User request: ${truncateText(normalizeWhitespace(message.content), MAX_DURABLE_USER_MESSAGE_CHARS)}`;
+}
+
+function summarizeDurableAssistantMessage(message: ChatMessage): string | null {
+  if (message.role !== "assistant" || !message.content) return null;
+  if (!isSubstantiveAssistantMessage(message.content)) return null;
+  return `Assistant context: ${truncateText(normalizeWhitespace(message.content), MAX_DURABLE_ASSISTANT_MESSAGE_CHARS)}`;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Build a per-tool-result provenance index. Keys are
+ * `${toolResultMessageId}:${toolCallId}` rather than the bare toolCall.id
+ * so that provider-reused ids (e.g. "call1" across unrelated turns) don't
+ * cause later calls to overwrite older ones in the lookup — each
+ * tool_result resolves to the most recent assistant tool_call that
+ * preceded it with matching id, which preserves historical correctness
+ * when rebuilding older compact summaries.
+ */
+function buildToolCallIndex(messages: ChatMessage[]): Map<string, ToolCallInfo> {
+  const provenance = new Map<string, ToolCallInfo>();
+  // Rolling map of the latest tool_call seen (by id) up to the current
+  // point in the message stream.
+  const latestByCallId = new Map<string, ToolCallInfo>();
+  for (const message of messages) {
+    if (message.role === "assistant" && message.toolCalls?.length) {
+      for (const toolCall of message.toolCalls) {
+        if (!toolCall.id) continue;
+        latestByCallId.set(toolCall.id, { name: toolCall.name, arguments: toolCall.arguments });
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (message.role === "tool" && message.toolResults?.length) {
+      for (const result of message.toolResults) {
+        const info = latestByCallId.get(result.toolCallId);
+        if (info) {
+          provenance.set(`${message.id}:${result.toolCallId}`, info);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return provenance;
+}
+
+function lookupToolCallInfo(
+  index: Map<string, ToolCallInfo>,
+  toolMessageId: string,
+  toolCallId: string,
+): ToolCallInfo | undefined {
+  return index.get(`${toolMessageId}:${toolCallId}`);
+}
+
+function toRawHistoryMessage(
+  message: ChatMessage,
+  toolCallIndex: Map<string, ToolCallInfo>,
+): RawHistoryMessage[] {
+  if (message.role === "user") {
+    return message.content
+      ? [{ sourceId: message.id, role: "user", content: truncateText(message.content, MAX_RAW_MESSAGE_CHARS) }]
+      : [];
+  }
+
+  if (message.role === "assistant") {
+    const parts: string[] = [];
+    if (message.content) parts.push(message.content);
+    if (message.toolCalls?.length) {
+      parts.push(...message.toolCalls.map((tc) => `Tool call: ${tc.name}(${JSON.stringify(tc.arguments ?? {})})`));
+    }
+    return parts.length
+      ? [{ sourceId: message.id, role: "assistant", content: truncateText(parts.join("\n\n"), MAX_RAW_MESSAGE_CHARS) }]
+      : [];
+  }
+
+  if (message.role === "tool" && message.toolResults?.length) {
+    // Keep tool output in the recent raw window (up to MAX_RAW_MESSAGE_CHARS
+    // per message, ~2000). Without this, follow-up turns after stale-session
+    // recovery would only see the 500-char compact summary in
+    // summarizeToolMessage, losing the actual bytes the user might reference
+    // ("use that output", "what did cat show?"). ACP only supports user/
+    // assistant roles, so we flatten to "assistant" — the tool results were
+    // produced during the assistant's turn.
+    //
+    // Inline the originating tool_call's name+args. Tool calls and their
+    // results live in separate messages; if the last six raw items start
+    // in the middle of a tool interaction, the preceding assistant tool
+    // call can be outside the window. Without the call label the result
+    // is opaque bytes and "use that output" becomes ambiguous.
+    const parts = message.toolResults.map((result) => {
+      const prefix = result.isError ? "Tool error" : "Tool result";
+      const callInfo = lookupToolCallInfo(toolCallIndex, message.id, result.toolCallId);
+      const callLabel = callInfo
+        ? ` [from ${callInfo.name}(${truncateText(JSON.stringify(callInfo.arguments ?? {}), MAX_TOOL_CALL_LABEL_CHARS)})]`
+        : "";
+      return `${prefix}${callLabel} (${result.toolCallId}): ${result.content || ""}`;
+    });
+    return [{
+      sourceId: message.id,
+      role: "assistant",
+      content: truncateText(parts.join("\n\n"), MAX_RAW_MESSAGE_CHARS),
+    }];
+  }
+
+  return [];
+}
+
+function buildCompactContext(
+  messages: ChatMessage[],
+  durableScanStart: number,
+  recentRawSourceIds: Set<string>,
+  toolCallIndex: Map<string, ToolCallInfo>,
+): AcpHistoryMessage[] {
+  const scanned = messages.slice(-MAX_MESSAGES_TO_SCAN);
+  const summaryLines: string[] = [];
+  const durableUserCandidates: DurableUserLine[] = [];
+  const selectedDurableUserLines: DurableUserLine[] = [];
+  const durableAssistantCandidates: DurableUserLine[] = [];
+  const selectedDurableAssistantLines: DurableUserLine[] = [];
+  const seen = new Set<string>();
+  const durableChars = { value: 0 };
+  const durableAssistantChars = { value: 0 };
+  const summaryChars = { value: 0 };
+
+  for (let messageIndex = durableScanStart; messageIndex < messages.length; messageIndex += 1) {
+    const message = messages[messageIndex];
+    if (recentRawSourceIds.has(message.id)) continue;
+    const durableUserLine = summarizeDurableUserMessage(message);
+    if (durableUserLine) {
+      durableUserCandidates.push({
+        line: durableUserLine,
+        messageIndex,
+        priority: getDurableUserPriority(message.content || ""),
+      });
+    }
+    const durableAssistantLine = summarizeDurableAssistantMessage(message);
+    if (durableAssistantLine) {
+      durableAssistantCandidates.push({
+        line: durableAssistantLine,
+        messageIndex,
+        priority: getDurableAssistantPriority(message.content || ""),
+      });
+    }
+  }
+
+  durableUserCandidates
+    .sort((left, right) => right.priority - left.priority || right.messageIndex - left.messageIndex)
+    .forEach((candidate) => {
+      const normalized = normalizeWhitespace(candidate.line);
+      if (!normalized || seen.has(normalized)) return;
+      const nextChars = durableChars.value + normalized.length;
+      if (nextChars > MAX_DURABLE_USER_CONTEXT_CHARS) return;
+      seen.add(normalized);
+      selectedDurableUserLines.push(candidate);
+      durableChars.value = nextChars;
+    });
+
+  durableAssistantCandidates
+    .sort((left, right) => right.priority - left.priority || right.messageIndex - left.messageIndex)
+    .forEach((candidate) => {
+      const normalized = normalizeWhitespace(candidate.line);
+      if (!normalized || seen.has(normalized)) return;
+      const nextChars = durableAssistantChars.value + normalized.length;
+      if (nextChars > MAX_DURABLE_ASSISTANT_CONTEXT_CHARS) return;
+      seen.add(normalized);
+      selectedDurableAssistantLines.push(candidate);
+      durableAssistantChars.value = nextChars;
+    });
+
+  const durableUserLines = selectedDurableUserLines
+    .sort((left, right) => left.messageIndex - right.messageIndex)
+    .map((candidate) => candidate.line);
+  const durableAssistantLines = selectedDurableAssistantLines
+    .sort((left, right) => left.messageIndex - right.messageIndex)
+    .map((candidate) => candidate.line);
+
+  for (const line of [...durableUserLines, ...durableAssistantLines]) {
+    seen.add(normalizeWhitespace(line));
+  }
+
+  // Skip messages that are already appended verbatim in the raw window —
+  // otherwise the same last-6 turns get summarized here AND re-sent as
+  // raw, doubling the budget cost of important user turns / large tool
+  // output and crowding out older durable context the replay is meant
+  // to preserve. Matches the recentRawSourceIds skip in the durable pass.
+  for (const message of scanned) {
+    if (recentRawSourceIds.has(message.id)) continue;
+    for (const line of summarizeMessage(message, toolCallIndex)) {
+      appendUniqueLine(summaryLines, seen, line, MAX_RECENT_SUMMARY_CONTEXT_CHARS, summaryChars);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!durableUserLines.length && !durableAssistantLines.length && !summaryLines.length) return [];
+
+  const contentLines = [
+    "[Compact prior Netcatty UI context]",
+    "The external ACP agent may already have its own persisted session context. Use this compact Netcatty UI context only as fallback/background, and prefer the current user request when there is any conflict.",
+  ];
+  if (durableUserLines.length) {
+    contentLines.push("Earlier user requests that may still apply:");
+    contentLines.push(...durableUserLines.map((line) => `- ${line}`));
+  }
+  if (durableAssistantLines.length) {
+    contentLines.push("Earlier assistant context that may still matter:");
+    contentLines.push(...durableAssistantLines.map((line) => `- ${line}`));
+  }
+  if (summaryLines.length) {
+    contentLines.push("Recent noteworthy context:");
+    contentLines.push(...summaryLines.map((line) => `- ${line}`));
+  }
+
+  return [{
+    role: "user",
+    content: truncateText(
+      contentLines.join("\n"),
+      MAX_COMPACT_CONTEXT_CHARS,
+    ),
+  }];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Find the index of the first message to include in the scan window,
+ * bounded by MAX_DURABLE_SCAN_TURNS user turns (not raw message count).
+ * Walking backwards stops at the target turn count, so the cost is
+ * bounded even when the transcript is huge.
+ */
+function computeDurableScanStart(messages: ChatMessage[]): number {
+  let userTurns = 0;
+  for (let i = messages.length - 1; i >= 0; i -= 1) {
+    if (messages[i].role === "user") {
+      userTurns += 1;
+      if (userTurns >= MAX_DURABLE_SCAN_TURNS) return i;
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+export function buildAcpHistoryMessages(messages: ChatMessage[]): AcpHistoryMessage[] {
+  // Compute the scan start once, then do all subsequent work over the
+  // already-sliced tail. This avoids O(N) walks over the whole transcript
+  // on every send — previously buildToolCallIndex + the flatMap-to-take-
+  // last-6 raw history both traversed every message in the chat.
+  const durableScanStart = computeDurableScanStart(messages);
+  const scannedTail = messages.slice(durableScanStart);
+
+  // The tool-call provenance index only needs entries for tool_results
+  // that might appear in our output. Building from the scanned tail is
+  // correct for any tool_result whose paired assistant tool_call is
+  // also within the window, which covers >99% of realistic patterns
+  // (tool_calls and tool_results are always adjacent or near-adjacent).
+  // If an ancient tool_call's result stays within the window while the
+  // call itself is outside, that single result loses its [from X(Y)]
+  // label — an acceptable trade for eliminating the per-send O(N) walk.
+  const toolCallIndex = buildToolCallIndex(scannedTail);
+
+  const rawHistory = scannedTail
+    .flatMap((message) => toRawHistoryMessage(message, toolCallIndex))
+    .slice(-MAX_RECENT_RAW_MESSAGES);
+  const compactContext = buildCompactContext(
+    messages,
+    durableScanStart,
+    new Set(rawHistory.map((message) => message.sourceId)),
+    toolCallIndex,
+  );
+  const recentRaw = rawHistory.map(({ role, content }) => ({ role, content }));
+
+  return [...compactContext, ...recentRaw];
+}
+
+export function buildAcpHistoryMessagesForBridge(
+  messages: ChatMessage[],
+  _existingSessionId?: string | null,
+): AcpHistoryMessage[] | undefined {
+  // The main process bridge only consumes this payload during stale-session
+  // fallback replay, so keep it available even when a session id exists.
+  const historyMessages = buildAcpHistoryMessages(messages);
+  return historyMessages.length ? historyMessages : undefined;
+}

components/ai/aiPanelViewState.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+import assert from "node:assert/strict";
+import test from "node:test";
+
+import type {
+  AIPanelView,
+  AISession,
+} from "../../infrastructure/ai/types.ts";
+import {
+  applyDraftEntrySelection,
+  applyHistorySessionSelection,
+  normalizePanelView,
+  resolveDisplayedPanelView,
+  resolveDisplayedSession,
+} from "./aiPanelViewState.ts";
+
+function createSession(id: string): AISession {
+  return {
+    id,
+    title: `Session ${id}`,
+    messages: [],
+    createdAt: 1,
+    updatedAt: 1,
+    agentId: "catty",
+    scope: {
+      type: "terminal",
+      targetId: "terminal-1",
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+test("draft view never falls back to most recent history", () => {
+  const panelView: AIPanelView = { mode: "draft" };
+  const sessions = [createSession("session-2"), createSession("session-1")];
+
+  assert.equal(resolveDisplayedSession(panelView, sessions), null);
+});
+
+test("session view returns the selected session", () => {
+  const selectedSession = createSession("session-2");
+  const panelView: AIPanelView = { mode: "session", sessionId: selectedSession.id };
+  const sessions = [createSession("session-1"), selectedSession];
+
+  assert.equal(resolveDisplayedSession(panelView, sessions), selectedSession);
+});
+
+test("missing session target resolves to null instead of history fallback", () => {
+  const panelView: AIPanelView = { mode: "session", sessionId: "missing-session" };
+  const sessions = [createSession("session-2"), createSession("session-1")];
+
+  assert.equal(resolveDisplayedSession(panelView, sessions), null);
+});
+
+test("missing session target normalizes back to draft view", () => {
+  const panelView: AIPanelView = { mode: "session", sessionId: "missing-session" };
+  const sessions = [createSession("session-2"), createSession("session-1")];
+
+  assert.deepEqual(normalizePanelView(panelView, sessions), { mode: "draft" });
+});
+
+test("missing explicit panel view resumes the most recent matching history when no draft exists", () => {
+  const sessions = [createSession("session-2"), createSession("session-1")];
+
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    resolveDisplayedPanelView(undefined, false, sessions, undefined, "workspace"),
+    { mode: "session", sessionId: "session-2" },
+  );
+});
+
+test("missing explicit panel view restores the persisted active session instead of the newest", () => {
+  const sessions = [createSession("session-2"), createSession("session-1")];
+
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    resolveDisplayedPanelView(undefined, false, sessions, "session-1", "workspace"),
+    { mode: "session", sessionId: "session-1" },
+  );
+});
+
+test("persisted session id that no longer exists in history falls back to newest", () => {
+  const sessions = [createSession("session-2"), createSession("session-1")];
+
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    resolveDisplayedPanelView(undefined, false, sessions, "deleted-session", "workspace"),
+    { mode: "session", sessionId: "session-2" },
+  );
+});
+
+test("null persisted session id falls back to newest history entry", () => {
+  const sessions = [createSession("session-2"), createSession("session-1")];
+
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    resolveDisplayedPanelView(undefined, false, sessions, null, "workspace"),
+    { mode: "session", sessionId: "session-2" },
+  );
+});
+
+test("terminal scope without explicit view always starts from draft even when history exists", () => {
+  const sessions = [createSession("session-2"), createSession("session-1")];
+
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    resolveDisplayedPanelView(undefined, false, sessions, "session-1", "terminal"),
+    { mode: "draft" },
+  );
+});
+
+test("missing explicit panel view prefers the draft when unsent input exists", () => {
+  const sessions = [createSession("session-2"), createSession("session-1")];
+
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    resolveDisplayedPanelView(undefined, true, sessions),
+    { mode: "draft" },
+  );
+});
+
+test("draft state is used when there is no implicit history to resume", () => {
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    resolveDisplayedPanelView(undefined, true, []),
+    { mode: "draft" },
+  );
+});
+
+test("history selection switches to the chosen session without touching draft state", () => {
+  const calls: string[] = [];
+
+  applyHistorySessionSelection("session-2", {
+    showSessionView: (sessionId) => {
+      calls.push(`view:${sessionId}`);
+    },
+    setActiveSessionId: (sessionId) => {
+      calls.push(`active:${sessionId}`);
+    },
+    closeHistory: () => {
+      calls.push("close-history");
+    },
+  });
+
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, [
+    "view:session-2",
+    "active:session-2",
+    "close-history",
+  ]);
+});
+
+test("draft entry ensures a draft exists before switching the panel to draft mode", () => {
+  const calls: string[] = [];
+
+  applyDraftEntrySelection({
+    ensureDraft: () => {
+      calls.push("ensure-draft");
+    },
+    showDraftView: () => {
+      calls.push("show-draft");
+    },
+  });
+
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, [
+    "ensure-draft",
+    "show-draft",
+  ]);
+});
+
+test("draft entry can preserve the current session view while ensuring draft state", () => {
+  const calls: string[] = [];
+
+  applyDraftEntrySelection({
+    ensureDraft: () => {
+      calls.push("ensure-draft");
+    },
+    showDraftView: () => {
+      calls.push("show-draft");
+    },
+    preserveSessionView: true,
+  });
+
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, [
+    "ensure-draft",
+  ]);
+});

components/ai/aiPanelViewState.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+import type {
+  AIPanelView,
+  AISession,
+} from "../../infrastructure/ai/types.ts";
+
+const DEFAULT_PANEL_VIEW: AIPanelView = { mode: "draft" };
+
+interface HistorySessionSelectionActions {
+  showSessionView: (sessionId: string) => void;
+  setActiveSessionId: (sessionId: string) => void;
+  closeHistory?: () => void;
+}
+
+interface DraftEntrySelectionActions {
+  ensureDraft: () => void;
+  showDraftView: () => void;
+  preserveSessionView?: boolean;
+}
+
+export function resolveDisplayedPanelView(
+  panelView: AIPanelView | undefined,
+  hasDraft: boolean,
+  sessions: AISession[],
+  persistedSessionId?: string | null,
+  scopeType: "terminal" | "workspace" = "workspace",
+): AIPanelView {
+  if (panelView) {
+    return normalizePanelView(panelView, sessions);
+  }
+
+  if (hasDraft) {
+    return DEFAULT_PANEL_VIEW;
+  }
+
+  // New terminal sessions should always start from a blank draft. History is
+  // still available in the drawer, but never auto-resumed into a fresh SSH tab.
+  if (scopeType === "terminal") {
+    return DEFAULT_PANEL_VIEW;
+  }
+
+  // Honour the persisted active-session selection (survives cold mount)
+  // before falling back to the newest history entry.
+  if (persistedSessionId && sessions.some((s) => s.id === persistedSessionId)) {
+    return { mode: "session", sessionId: persistedSessionId };
+  }
+
+  if (sessions[0]) {
+    return { mode: "session", sessionId: sessions[0].id };
+  }
+
+  return DEFAULT_PANEL_VIEW;
+}
+
+export function normalizePanelView(
+  panelView: AIPanelView,
+  sessions: AISession[],
+): AIPanelView {
+  if (panelView.mode !== "session") {
+    return panelView;
+  }
+
+  return sessions.some((session) => session.id === panelView.sessionId)
+    ? panelView
+    : DEFAULT_PANEL_VIEW;
+}
+
+export function resolveDisplayedSession(
+  panelView: AIPanelView,
+  sessions: AISession[],
+): AISession | null {
+  if (panelView.mode !== "session") {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  return sessions.find((session) => session.id === panelView.sessionId) ?? null;
+}
+
+export function applyHistorySessionSelection(
+  sessionId: string,
+  actions: HistorySessionSelectionActions,
+): void {
+  actions.showSessionView(sessionId);
+  actions.setActiveSessionId(sessionId);
+  actions.closeHistory?.();
+}
+
+export function applyDraftEntrySelection(
+  actions: DraftEntrySelectionActions,
+): void {
+  actions.ensureDraft();
+  if (!actions.preserveSessionView) {
+    actions.showDraftView();
+  }
+}

components/ai/draftSendGate.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import assert from "node:assert/strict";
+import test from "node:test";
+
+import {
+  endDraftSend,
+  tryBeginDraftSend,
+} from "./draftSendGate.ts";
+
+test("draft send gate allows only one in-flight draft send at a time", () => {
+  const gate = { current: false };
+
+  assert.equal(tryBeginDraftSend(gate), true);
+  assert.equal(tryBeginDraftSend(gate), false);
+
+  endDraftSend(gate);
+
+  assert.equal(tryBeginDraftSend(gate), true);
+});

components/ai/draftSendGate.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+export function tryBeginDraftSend(gate: { current: boolean }): boolean {
+  if (gate.current) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  gate.current = true;
+  return true;
+}
+
+export function endDraftSend(gate: { current: boolean }): void {
+  gate.current = false;
+}

components/ai/hooks/useAIChatStreaming.ts

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import React, { useCallback, useEffect, useRef, useState } from 'react';
 import { streamText, stepCountIs, type ModelMessage } from 'ai';
 import type {
   AIPermissionMode,
+  AIToolIntegrationMode,
   AISession,
   ChatMessage,
   ChatMessageAttachment,
@@ -120,6 +121,17 @@ export interface PanelBridge extends NetcattyBridge {
     chatSessionId?: string,
   ) => Promise<{ ok: boolean; models?: Array<{ id: string; name: string; description?: string }>; currentModelId?: string | null; error?: string }>;
   aiAcpCleanup?: (chatSessionId: string) => Promise<{ ok: boolean }>;
+  aiUserSkillsGetStatus?: () => Promise<{
+    ok: boolean;
+    skills?: Array<{
+      id: string;
+      slug: string;
+      name: string;
+      description: string;
+      status: 'ready' | 'warning';
+    }>;
+  }>;
+  aiUserSkillsBuildContext?: (prompt: string, selectedSkillSlugs?: string[]) => Promise<{ ok: boolean; context?: string; error?: string }>;
   [key: string]: ((...args: unknown[]) => unknown) | undefined;
 }
 
@@ -137,6 +149,10 @@ export interface TerminalSessionInfo {
   connected: boolean;
 }
 
+export interface DefaultTargetSessionHint extends TerminalSessionInfo {
+  source: 'scope-target' | 'only-connected-in-scope';
+}
+
 /** Typed accessor for the netcatty bridge on the window object. */
 export function getNetcattyBridge(): PanelBridge | undefined {
   // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
@@ -150,6 +166,45 @@ function generateId(): string {
   return `msg-${Date.now()}-${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2, 8)}`;
 }
 
+const USER_SKILLS_CONTEXT_TIMEOUT_MS = 500;
+
+interface UserSkillsContextResult {
+  ok: boolean;
+  context?: string;
+  error?: string;
+}
+
+function buildExplicitUserSkillsFallback(selectedUserSkillSlugs?: string[]): string {
+  if (!selectedUserSkillSlugs?.length) return '';
+  return `The user explicitly selected these Netcatty user skills for this request: ${selectedUserSkillSlugs.map((slug) => `/${slug}`).join(', ')}. Honor those selections even if their expanded skill content is unavailable.`;
+}
+
+async function resolveUserSkillsContext(
+  bridge: PanelBridge | undefined,
+  prompt: string,
+  selectedUserSkillSlugs?: string[],
+): Promise<string> {
+  if (!bridge?.aiUserSkillsBuildContext) {
+    return buildExplicitUserSkillsFallback(selectedUserSkillSlugs);
+  }
+
+  const buildContextPromise: Promise<UserSkillsContextResult> = bridge
+    .aiUserSkillsBuildContext(prompt, selectedUserSkillSlugs)
+    .catch(() => ({ ok: false, context: '' }));
+
+  const hasExplicitSelections = (selectedUserSkillSlugs?.length ?? 0) > 0;
+  const result = hasExplicitSelections
+    ? await buildContextPromise
+    : await Promise.race([
+        buildContextPromise,
+        new Promise<UserSkillsContextResult>((resolve) =>
+          setTimeout(() => resolve({ ok: false, context: '' }), USER_SKILLS_CONTEXT_TIMEOUT_MS),
+        ),
+      ]);
+
+  return result.context || buildExplicitUserSkillsFallback(selectedUserSkillSlugs);
+}
+
 const sharedStreamingSessionIds = new Set<string>();
 const sharedAbortControllers = new Map<string, AbortController>();
 const streamingSubscribers = new Set<() => void>();
@@ -234,6 +289,7 @@ export interface SendToCattyContext {
   webSearchConfig?: WebSearchConfig | null;
   getExecutorContext?: () => ExecutorContext;
   autoTitleSession: (sessionId: string, text: string) => void;
+  selectedUserSkillSlugs?: string[];
 }
 
 /** Context values needed by sendToExternalAgent that change frequently. */
@@ -242,8 +298,11 @@ export interface SendToExternalContext {
   updateExternalSessionId?: (sessionId: string, externalSessionId: string | undefined) => void;
   historyMessages?: Array<{ role: 'user' | 'assistant'; content: string }>;
   terminalSessions: TerminalSessionInfo[];
+  defaultTargetSession?: DefaultTargetSessionHint;
   providers: ProviderConfig[];
   selectedAgentModel?: string;
+  toolIntegrationMode: AIToolIntegrationMode;
+  selectedUserSkillSlugs?: string[];
 }
 
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -296,14 +355,13 @@ export function useAIChatStreaming({
     err: unknown,
   ) => {
     if (abortSignal.aborted) return;
-    let errorStr: string;
-    if (err instanceof Error) errorStr = err.message;
-    else if (typeof err === 'object' && err !== null && 'message' in err) errorStr = String((err as { message: unknown }).message);
-    else if (typeof err === 'string') errorStr = err;
-    else { try { errorStr = JSON.stringify(err) ?? 'Unknown error'; } catch { errorStr = 'Unknown error'; } }
     // Log the full unsanitized error for debugging
-    console.error('[AIChatSidePanel] Stream error (full):', errorStr);
-    const errorInfo = classifyError(errorStr);
+    console.error('[AIChatSidePanel] Stream error (full):', err);
+    // Pass the raw error to classifyError so it can inspect structured
+    // fields (statusCode, responseBody) from APICallError and friends;
+    // string-coercing here would strip the metadata we need to detect
+    // 413 / HTML-error-page / parse-failure scenarios.
+    const errorInfo = classifyError(err);
     updateLastMessage(sessionId, msg => ({
       ...msg,
       statusText: '',
@@ -501,11 +559,10 @@ export function useAIChatStreaming({
             id: generateId(),
             role: 'assistant',
             content: '',
-            errorInfo: classifyError(
-              typedChunk.error instanceof Error ? typedChunk.error.message
-                : typeof typedChunk.error === 'string' ? typedChunk.error
-                : (() => { try { return JSON.stringify(typedChunk.error) ?? 'Unknown error'; } catch { return 'Unknown error'; } })(),
-            ),
+            // Pass the raw error so classifyError can detect 413 / HTML /
+            // schema-parse scenarios via structured fields (statusCode,
+            // responseBody) instead of lossy string conversion.
+            errorInfo: classifyError(typedChunk.error),
             timestamp: Date.now(),
           });
           break;
@@ -535,6 +592,11 @@ export function useAIChatStreaming({
     context: SendToExternalContext,
   ) => {
     const bridge = getNetcattyBridge();
+    const userSkillsContext = await resolveUserSkillsContext(
+      bridge,
+      trimmed,
+      context.selectedUserSkillSlugs,
+    );
 
     if (agentConfig.acpCommand && bridge) {
       const requestId = `acp_${Date.now()}_${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2, 6)}`;
@@ -544,11 +606,6 @@ export function useAIChatStreaming({
         await bridge.aiMcpUpdateSessions(context.terminalSessions, sessionId);
       }
 
-      // Pass only the provider ID — the main process resolves and decrypts the API key itself,
-      // avoiding plaintext key transit across the IPC boundary.
-      const openaiProvider = context.providers.find(p => p.providerId === 'openai' && p.enabled && p.apiKey);
-      const agentProviderId = openaiProvider?.id;
-
       // Mutable flag: set after tool-result, cleared when new assistant msg is created
       let needsNewAssistantMsg = false;
       const maybeCreateAssistantMsg = () => {
@@ -630,17 +687,23 @@ export function useAIChatStreaming({
           onDone: () => {},
         },
         abortController.signal,
-        agentProviderId,
+        // Managed ACP agents (codex, claude) must resolve auth from their own
+        // CLI config/login state, so we deliberately pass no providerId here.
+        // See issue #705 for Codex; same reasoning for Claude.
+        undefined,
         context.selectedAgentModel,
         context.existingSessionId,
         context.historyMessages,
         attachedImages.length > 0 ? attachedImages : undefined,
+        context.toolIntegrationMode,
+        context.defaultTargetSession,
+        userSkillsContext,
       );
     } else {
       // Fallback: spawn as raw process
       await runExternalAgentTurn(
         agentConfig,
-        trimmed,
+        userSkillsContext ? `${userSkillsContext}\n\nUser request:\n${trimmed}` : trimmed,
         {
           onTextDelta: (text: string) => {
             updateLastMessage(sessionId, msg => ({ ...msg, content: msg.content + text }));
@@ -674,6 +737,11 @@ export function useAIChatStreaming({
     attachments?: ChatMessageAttachment[],
   ) => {
     const bridge = getNetcattyBridge();
+    const userSkillsContext = await resolveUserSkillsContext(
+      bridge,
+      trimmed,
+      context.selectedUserSkillSlugs,
+    );
     const getExecutorContext = context.getExecutorContext ?? (() => ({
       sessions: context.terminalSessions,
       workspaceId: context.scopeType === 'workspace' ? context.scopeTargetId : undefined,
@@ -701,6 +769,7 @@ export function useAIChatStreaming({
       })),
       permissionMode: context.globalPermissionMode,
       webSearchEnabled: isWebSearchReady(context.webSearchConfig),
+      userSkillsContext,
     });
 
     // Guard: activeProvider must exist for Catty agent path

components/ai/sessionHistoryLayout.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import assert from "node:assert/strict";
+import test from "node:test";
+
+import {
+  SESSION_HISTORY_ROW_CLASSNAMES,
+} from "./sessionHistoryLayout.ts";
+
+test("session history row keeps metadata pinned to the end while title truncates", () => {
+  assert.match(SESSION_HISTORY_ROW_CLASSNAMES.row, /\bgrid\b/);
+  assert.ok(SESSION_HISTORY_ROW_CLASSNAMES.row.includes('grid-cols-[minmax(0,1fr)_auto]'));
+  assert.match(SESSION_HISTORY_ROW_CLASSNAMES.title, /\btruncate\b/);
+  assert.match(SESSION_HISTORY_ROW_CLASSNAMES.title, /\bmin-w-0\b/);
+  assert.match(SESSION_HISTORY_ROW_CLASSNAMES.meta, /\bjustify-self-end\b/);
+  assert.match(SESSION_HISTORY_ROW_CLASSNAMES.meta, /\bshrink-0\b/);
+});

components/ai/sessionHistoryLayout.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+export const SESSION_HISTORY_ROW_CLASSNAMES = {
+  row: 'w-full grid grid-cols-[minmax(0,1fr)_auto] items-center gap-3 py-2.5 border-b border-border/20 text-left transition-colors cursor-pointer group',
+  title: 'text-[13px] truncate min-w-0',
+  meta: 'flex items-center gap-2 justify-self-end shrink-0',
+  time: 'text-[12px] text-muted-foreground/50 whitespace-nowrap',
+  deleteButton: 'opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 p-0.5 hover:text-destructive transition-all cursor-pointer shrink-0',
+} as const;

components/ai/sessionScopeMatch.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+import assert from "node:assert/strict";
+import test from "node:test";
+
+import type { AISession } from "../../infrastructure/ai/types.ts";
+import { getSessionScopeMatchRank } from "./sessionScopeMatch.ts";
+
+function createSession(id: string, targetId: string, hostIds: string[]): AISession {
+  return {
+    id,
+    title: id,
+    messages: [],
+    createdAt: 1,
+    updatedAt: 1,
+    agentId: "catty",
+    scope: {
+      type: "terminal",
+      targetId,
+      hostIds,
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+test("host-matched terminal session is excluded when another active terminal already displays it", () => {
+  const session = createSession("session-1", "terminal-other", ["host-a"]);
+
+  assert.equal(
+    getSessionScopeMatchRank(
+      session,
+      "terminal",
+      "terminal-current",
+      ["host-a"],
+      new Set(["session-1"]),
+    ),
+    0,
+  );
+});
+
+test("host-matched terminal session remains resumable when no terminal is displaying it", () => {
+  const session = createSession("session-1", "terminal-closed", ["host-a"]);
+
+  assert.equal(
+    getSessionScopeMatchRank(
+      session,
+      "terminal",
+      "terminal-current",
+      ["host-a"],
+      new Set(["session-other"]),
+    ),
+    1,
+  );
+});
+
+test("ownership is tracked by session id, not scope.targetId", () => {
+  // Session was created in terminal-A but a different terminal (B) is now
+  // displaying it after the user resumed it from history. Opening a third
+  // terminal (C) should not see this session as owned, because the new
+  // ownership check is keyed on session id, not the stale targetId.
+  const session = createSession("session-1", "terminal-A", ["host-a"]);
+
+  assert.equal(
+    getSessionScopeMatchRank(
+      session,
+      "terminal",
+      "terminal-C",
+      ["host-a"],
+      // terminal-B is displaying session-1; pass session-1 as an
+      // active-id so C sees it as in-use
+      new Set(["session-1"]),
+    ),
+    0,
+  );
+});
+
+test("session targeting the current scope is an exact match (rank 2)", () => {
+  const session = createSession("session-1", "terminal-current", ["host-a"]);
+
+  assert.equal(
+    getSessionScopeMatchRank(
+      session,
+      "terminal",
+      "terminal-current",
+      ["host-a"],
+      new Set(),
+    ),
+    2,
+  );
+});
+
+test("scope type mismatch returns 0 regardless of target or hosts", () => {
+  const session = createSession("session-1", "terminal-current", ["host-a"]);
+
+  assert.equal(
+    getSessionScopeMatchRank(
+      session,
+      "workspace",
+      "terminal-current",
+      ["host-a"],
+    ),
+    0,
+  );
+});

components/ai/sessionScopeMatch.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import type { AISession } from "../../infrastructure/ai/types";
+
+export function getSessionScopeMatchRank(
+  session: AISession,
+  scopeType: "terminal" | "workspace",
+  scopeTargetId?: string,
+  scopeHostIds?: string[],
+  /**
+   * Session ids currently displayed by other terminal scopes. Tracked by
+   * session id rather than `scope.targetId` so that a host-matched session
+   * resumed from a different terminal is still recognised as in-use and
+   * not offered (or cleaned) as if it were orphaned.
+   */
+  activeTerminalSessionIds?: Set<string>,
+): number {
+  if (session.scope.type !== scopeType) return 0;
+  if (session.scope.targetId === scopeTargetId) return 2;
+
+  if (scopeType !== "terminal" || !scopeHostIds?.length || !session.scope.hostIds?.length) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  if (activeTerminalSessionIds?.has(session.id)) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  return session.scope.hostIds.some((hostId) => scopeHostIds.includes(hostId)) ? 1 : 0;
+}

components/ai/userSkillsState.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+import test from "node:test";
+import assert from "node:assert/strict";
+
+import {
+  getNextSelectedUserSkillSlugsMap,
+  getReadyUserSkillOptions,
+  pruneSelectedUserSkillSlugsMap,
+} from "./userSkillsState.ts";
+
+test("getReadyUserSkillOptions returns only ready skills and clears invalid payloads", () => {
+  assert.deepEqual(getReadyUserSkillOptions(null), []);
+  assert.deepEqual(getReadyUserSkillOptions({ ok: false }), []);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    getReadyUserSkillOptions({
+      ok: true,
+      skills: [
+        {
+          id: "alpha",
+          slug: "alpha",
+          name: "Alpha",
+          description: "Alpha helper",
+          status: "ready",
+        },
+        {
+          id: "beta",
+          slug: "beta",
+          name: "Beta",
+          description: "Beta helper",
+          status: "warning",
+        },
+      ],
+    }),
+    [
+      {
+        id: "alpha",
+        slug: "alpha",
+        name: "Alpha",
+        description: "Alpha helper",
+      },
+    ],
+  );
+});
+
+test("pruneSelectedUserSkillSlugsMap removes stale slugs and empty scopes", () => {
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    pruneSelectedUserSkillSlugsMap(
+      {
+        "terminal:1": ["alpha", "missing"],
+        "workspace:1": ["missing"],
+      },
+      [
+        {
+          id: "alpha",
+          slug: "alpha",
+          name: "Alpha",
+          description: "Alpha helper",
+        },
+      ],
+    ),
+    {
+      "terminal:1": ["alpha"],
+    },
+  );
+});
+
+test("getNextSelectedUserSkillSlugsMap preserves selections when refresh fails", () => {
+  const selected = {
+    "terminal:1": ["alpha", "missing"],
+    "workspace:1": ["beta"],
+  };
+
+  assert.equal(
+    getNextSelectedUserSkillSlugsMap(selected, null),
+    selected,
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    getNextSelectedUserSkillSlugsMap(selected, { ok: false }),
+    selected,
+  );
+});

components/ai/userSkillsState.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+export interface UserSkillStatusItemLike {
+  id: string;
+  slug: string;
+  name: string;
+  description: string;
+  status: "ready" | "warning";
+}
+
+export interface UserSkillsStatusLike {
+  ok: boolean;
+  skills?: UserSkillStatusItemLike[];
+}
+
+export interface UserSkillOption {
+  id: string;
+  slug: string;
+  name: string;
+  description: string;
+}
+
+export function getReadyUserSkillOptions(
+  status: UserSkillsStatusLike | null | undefined,
+): UserSkillOption[] {
+  if (!status?.ok || !Array.isArray(status.skills)) return [];
+
+  return status.skills
+    .filter((skill) => skill.status === "ready" && typeof skill.slug === "string" && skill.slug.length > 0)
+    .map((skill) => ({
+      id: skill.id,
+      slug: skill.slug,
+      name: skill.name,
+      description: skill.description,
+    }));
+}
+
+export function pruneSelectedUserSkillSlugsMap(
+  selectedByScope: Record<string, string[]>,
+  options: UserSkillOption[],
+): Record<string, string[]> {
+  const validSlugs = new Set(options.map((option) => option.slug));
+  let changed = false;
+  const nextEntries: Array<[string, string[]]> = [];
+
+  for (const [scopeKey, slugs] of Object.entries(selectedByScope)) {
+    const filteredSlugs = slugs.filter((slug) => validSlugs.has(slug));
+    if (filteredSlugs.length !== slugs.length) changed = true;
+    if (filteredSlugs.length > 0) {
+      nextEntries.push([scopeKey, filteredSlugs]);
+    } else if (slugs.length > 0) {
+      changed = true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!changed) {
+    return selectedByScope;
+  }
+
+  return Object.fromEntries(nextEntries);
+}
+
+export function getNextSelectedUserSkillSlugsMap(
+  selectedByScope: Record<string, string[]>,
+  status: UserSkillsStatusLike | null | undefined,
+): Record<string, string[]> {
+  if (!status?.ok || !Array.isArray(status.skills)) {
+    return selectedByScope;
+  }
+
+  return pruneSelectedUserSkillSlugsMap(
+    selectedByScope,
+    getReadyUserSkillOptions(status),
+  );
+}

components/settings/tabs/SettingsAITab.tsx

@@ -7,11 +7,12 @@
  *   - CodexConnectionCard, ClaudeCodeCard
  *   - SafetySettings
  */
-import { Bot, Globe } from "lucide-react";
+import { AlertTriangle, Bot, FolderOpen, Globe, Link, Package, RefreshCcw } from "lucide-react";
 import React, { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from "react";
 import type {
   AIPermissionMode,
   AIProviderId,
+  AIToolIntegrationMode,
   ExternalAgentConfig,
   ProviderConfig,
   WebSearchConfig,
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@ import {
 import { PROVIDER_PRESETS } from "../../../infrastructure/ai/types";
 import { useI18n } from "../../../application/i18n/I18nProvider";
 import { TabsContent } from "../../ui/tabs";
+import { Button } from "../../ui/button";
 import { Select, SettingRow } from "../settings-ui";
 import { AgentIconBadge } from "../../ai/AgentIconBadge";
 
@@ -31,6 +33,7 @@ import type {
   AgentPathInfo,
   CodexIntegrationStatus,
   CodexLoginSession,
+  UserSkillsStatusResult,
 } from "./ai/types";
 import {
   AGENT_DEFAULTS,
@@ -61,6 +64,8 @@ interface SettingsAITabProps {
   setActiveModelId: (id: string) => void;
   globalPermissionMode: AIPermissionMode;
   setGlobalPermissionMode: (mode: AIPermissionMode) => void;
+  toolIntegrationMode: AIToolIntegrationMode;
+  setToolIntegrationMode: (mode: AIToolIntegrationMode) => void;
   externalAgents: ExternalAgentConfig[];
   setExternalAgents: (value: ExternalAgentConfig[] | ((prev: ExternalAgentConfig[]) => ExternalAgentConfig[])) => void;
   defaultAgentId: string;
@@ -138,6 +143,8 @@ const SettingsAITab: React.FC<SettingsAITabProps> = ({
   setActiveModelId,
   globalPermissionMode,
   setGlobalPermissionMode,
+  toolIntegrationMode,
+  setToolIntegrationMode,
   externalAgents,
   setExternalAgents,
   defaultAgentId,
@@ -182,6 +189,8 @@ const SettingsAITab: React.FC<SettingsAITabProps> = ({
   const [copilotPathInfo, setCopilotPathInfo] = useState<AgentPathInfo | null>(null);
   const [copilotCustomPath, setCopilotCustomPath] = useState("");
   const [isResolvingCopilot, setIsResolvingCopilot] = useState(false);
+  const [userSkillsStatus, setUserSkillsStatus] = useState<UserSkillsStatusResult | null>(null);
+  const [isLoadingUserSkills, setIsLoadingUserSkills] = useState(false);
 
   // Ref to read current defaultAgentId without adding it as a dependency.
   const defaultAgentIdRef = useRef(defaultAgentId);
@@ -299,18 +308,14 @@ const SettingsAITab: React.FC<SettingsAITabProps> = ({
       .map((a) => ({ value: a.id, label: a.name, icon: <AgentIconBadge agent={a} size="xs" variant="plain" /> })),
   ], [externalAgents, t]);
 
-  const hasOpenAiProviderKey = providers.some(
-    (provider) => provider.providerId === "openai" && provider.enabled && !!provider.apiKey,
-  );
-
-  const refreshCodexIntegration = useCallback(async () => {
+  const refreshCodexIntegration = useCallback(async (opts?: { refreshShellEnv?: boolean }) => {
     const bridge = getBridge();
     if (!bridge?.aiCodexGetIntegration) return;
 
     setIsCodexLoading(true);
     setCodexError(null);
     try {
-      const integration = await bridge.aiCodexGetIntegration();
+      const integration = await bridge.aiCodexGetIntegration(opts);
       setCodexIntegration(integration);
     } catch (err) {
       setCodexError(normalizeCodexBridgeError(err));
@@ -420,6 +425,54 @@ const SettingsAITab: React.FC<SettingsAITabProps> = ({
     }
   }, [refreshCodexIntegration]);
 
+  const refreshUserSkillsStatus = useCallback(async () => {
+    const bridge = getBridge();
+    if (!bridge?.aiUserSkillsGetStatus) {
+      setUserSkillsStatus({
+        ok: false,
+        error: t('ai.userSkills.unavailable'),
+      });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    setIsLoadingUserSkills(true);
+    try {
+      const result = await bridge.aiUserSkillsGetStatus();
+      setUserSkillsStatus(result);
+    } catch (err) {
+      const message = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
+      setUserSkillsStatus({ ok: false, error: message });
+    } finally {
+      setIsLoadingUserSkills(false);
+    }
+  }, [t]);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    let cancelled = false;
+    void refreshUserSkillsStatus().then(() => {
+      if (cancelled) return;
+    });
+    return () => {
+      cancelled = true;
+    };
+  }, [refreshUserSkillsStatus]);
+
+  const handleOpenUserSkillsFolder = useCallback(async () => {
+    const bridge = getBridge();
+    if (!bridge?.aiUserSkillsOpenFolder) return;
+
+    setIsLoadingUserSkills(true);
+    try {
+      const result = await bridge.aiUserSkillsOpenFolder();
+      setUserSkillsStatus(result);
+    } catch (err) {
+      const message = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
+      setUserSkillsStatus({ ok: false, error: message });
+    } finally {
+      setIsLoadingUserSkills(false);
+    }
+  }, []);
+
   return (
     <TabsContent
       value="ai"
@@ -519,9 +572,8 @@ const SettingsAITab: React.FC<SettingsAITabProps> = ({
               integration={codexIntegration}
               loginSession={codexLoginSession}
               isLoading={isCodexLoading}
-              hasOpenAiProviderKey={hasOpenAiProviderKey}
               error={codexError}
-              onRefresh={() => void refreshCodexIntegration()}
+              onRefresh={() => void refreshCodexIntegration({ refreshShellEnv: true })}
               onConnect={() => void handleStartCodexLogin()}
               onCancel={() => void handleCancelCodexLogin()}
               onOpenUrl={handleOpenCodexLoginUrl}
@@ -585,6 +637,130 @@ const SettingsAITab: React.FC<SettingsAITabProps> = ({
             </div>
           )}
 
+          <div className="space-y-4">
+            <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+              <Link size={18} className="text-muted-foreground" />
+              <h3 className="text-base font-medium">{t('ai.toolAccess.title')}</h3>
+            </div>
+
+            <div className="bg-muted/30 rounded-lg p-4">
+              <SettingRow
+                label={t('ai.toolAccess.mode')}
+                description={t('ai.toolAccess.description')}
+              >
+                <Select
+                  value={toolIntegrationMode}
+                  options={[
+                    { value: 'mcp', label: t('ai.toolAccess.mode.mcp') },
+                    { value: 'skills', label: t('ai.toolAccess.mode.skills') },
+                  ]}
+                  onChange={(value) => setToolIntegrationMode(value as AIToolIntegrationMode)}
+                  className="w-48"
+                />
+              </SettingRow>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+
+          <div className="space-y-4">
+            <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-4">
+              <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                <Package size={18} className="text-muted-foreground" />
+                <h3 className="text-base font-medium">{t('ai.userSkills.title')}</h3>
+              </div>
+              <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                <Button
+                  variant="outline"
+                  size="sm"
+                  onClick={() => void refreshUserSkillsStatus()}
+                  disabled={isLoadingUserSkills}
+                >
+                  <RefreshCcw size={14} className="mr-2" />
+                  {t('ai.userSkills.reload')}
+                </Button>
+                <Button
+                  variant="outline"
+                  size="sm"
+                  onClick={() => void handleOpenUserSkillsFolder()}
+                  disabled={isLoadingUserSkills}
+                >
+                  <FolderOpen size={14} className="mr-2" />
+                  {t('ai.userSkills.openFolder')}
+                </Button>
+              </div>
+            </div>
+
+            <div className="rounded-lg bg-muted/30 p-4 space-y-4">
+              <div className="space-y-1">
+                <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
+                  {t('ai.userSkills.description')}
+                </p>
+                {userSkillsStatus?.directoryPath ? (
+                  <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
+                    {t('ai.userSkills.location')}:{" "}
+                    <span className="font-mono">{userSkillsStatus.directoryPath}</span>
+                  </p>
+                ) : null}
+              </div>
+
+              <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
+                {isLoadingUserSkills
+                  ? t('ai.userSkills.loading')
+                  : userSkillsStatus?.ok
+                    ? t('ai.userSkills.summary', {
+                        ready: String(userSkillsStatus.readyCount ?? 0),
+                        warnings: String(userSkillsStatus.warningCount ?? 0),
+                      })
+                    : userSkillsStatus?.error || t('ai.userSkills.unavailable')}
+              </div>
+
+              {userSkillsStatus?.ok && userSkillsStatus.skills && userSkillsStatus.skills.length > 0 ? (
+                <div className="space-y-3">
+                  {userSkillsStatus.skills.map((skill) => (
+                    <div
+                      key={skill.id}
+                      className="rounded-md border border-border/60 bg-background/70 p-3"
+                    >
+                      <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-3">
+                        <div className="min-w-0 space-y-1">
+                          <div className="font-medium">{skill.name}</div>
+                          <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">{skill.description}</div>
+                          <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground font-mono break-all">
+                            {skill.directoryName}
+                          </div>
+                        </div>
+                        <span
+                          className={
+                            skill.status === "ready"
+                              ? "rounded-full bg-emerald-500/10 px-2 py-1 text-xs font-medium text-emerald-600"
+                              : "rounded-full bg-amber-500/10 px-2 py-1 text-xs font-medium text-amber-600"
+                          }
+                        >
+                          {skill.status === "ready"
+                            ? t('ai.userSkills.status.ready')
+                            : t('ai.userSkills.status.warning')}
+                        </span>
+                      </div>
+                      {skill.warnings.length > 0 ? (
+                        <div className="mt-3 space-y-1 text-sm text-amber-700">
+                          {skill.warnings.map((warning, index) => (
+                            <div key={`${skill.id}-${index}`} className="flex items-start gap-2">
+                              <AlertTriangle size={14} className="mt-0.5 shrink-0" />
+                              <span>{warning}</span>
+                            </div>
+                          ))}
+                        </div>
+                      ) : null}
+                    </div>
+                  ))}
+                </div>
+              ) : userSkillsStatus?.ok ? (
+                <div className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
+                  {t('ai.userSkills.empty')}
+                </div>
+              ) : null}
+            </div>
+          </div>
+
           {/* -- Web Search Section -- */}
           <WebSearchSettings
             webSearchConfig={webSearchConfig}

components/settings/tabs/SettingsAppearanceTab.tsx

@@ -7,8 +7,6 @@ import { SUPPORTED_UI_LOCALES } from "../../../infrastructure/config/i18n";
 import { cn } from "../../../lib/utils";
 import { SectionHeader, SettingsTabContent, SettingRow, Toggle, Select } from "../settings-ui";
 import { FontSelect } from "../FontSelect";
-import { STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_RECENT_HOSTS } from "../../../infrastructure/config/storageKeys";
-import { useStoredBoolean } from "../../../application/state/useStoredBoolean";
 
 export default function SettingsAppearanceTab(props: {
   theme: "dark" | "light" | "system";
@@ -27,6 +25,12 @@ export default function SettingsAppearanceTab(props: {
   setUiLanguage: (language: string) => void;
   customCSS: string;
   setCustomCSS: (css: string) => void;
+  showRecentHosts: boolean;
+  setShowRecentHosts: (enabled: boolean) => void;
+  showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot: boolean;
+  setShowOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot: (enabled: boolean) => void;
+  showSftpTab: boolean;
+  setShowSftpTab: (enabled: boolean) => void;
 }) {
   const { t } = useI18n();
   const availableUIFonts = useAvailableUIFonts();
@@ -47,13 +51,14 @@ export default function SettingsAppearanceTab(props: {
     setUiLanguage,
     customCSS,
     setCustomCSS,
+    showRecentHosts,
+    setShowRecentHosts,
+    showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot,
+    setShowOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot,
+    showSftpTab,
+    setShowSftpTab,
   } = props;
 
-  const [showRecentHosts, setShowRecentHosts] = useStoredBoolean(
-    STORAGE_KEY_SHOW_RECENT_HOSTS,
-    true,
-  );
-
   const getHslStyle = useCallback((hsl: string) => ({ backgroundColor: `hsl(${hsl})` }), []);
 
   const hexToHsl = useCallback((hex: string) => {
@@ -269,6 +274,21 @@ export default function SettingsAppearanceTab(props: {
         >
           <Toggle checked={showRecentHosts} onChange={setShowRecentHosts} />
         </SettingRow>
+        <SettingRow
+          label={t('settings.vault.showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot')}
+          description={t('settings.vault.showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRootDesc')}
+        >
+          <Toggle
+            checked={showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot}
+            onChange={setShowOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot}
+          />
+        </SettingRow>
+        <SettingRow
+          label={t('settings.vault.showSftpTab')}
+          description={t('settings.vault.showSftpTabDesc')}
+        >
+          <Toggle checked={showSftpTab} onChange={setShowSftpTab} />
+        </SettingRow>
       </div>
 
       <SectionHeader title={t("settings.appearance.customCss")} />

components/settings/tabs/SettingsShortcutsTab.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import React, { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from "react";
-import { RotateCcw } from "lucide-react";
+import { Ban, RotateCcw } from "lucide-react";
 import type { HotkeyScheme, KeyBinding } from "../../../domain/models";
 import { keyEventToString } from "../../../domain/models";
 import { useI18n } from "../../../application/i18n/I18nProvider";
@@ -221,7 +221,18 @@ export default function SettingsShortcutsTab(props: {
                             >
                               {isRecordingThis
                                 ? t("settings.shortcuts.recording")
-                                : currentKey || t("settings.shortcuts.scheme.disabled")}
+                                : currentKey === "Disabled"
+                                  ? t("settings.shortcuts.scheme.disabled")
+                                  : currentKey || t("settings.shortcuts.scheme.disabled")}
+                            </button>
+                          )}
+                          {!isSpecialBinding && (
+                            <button
+                              onClick={() => updateKeyBinding?.(binding.id, scheme, "Disabled")}
+                              className="p-1 hover:bg-muted rounded"
+                              title={t("settings.shortcuts.setDisabled")}
+                            >
+                              <Ban size={12} />
                             </button>
                           )}
                           <button

components/settings/tabs/SettingsSyncTab.tsx

@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@ import React, { useCallback } from "react";
 import type { PortForwardingRule } from "../../../domain/models";
 import type { SyncPayload } from "../../../domain/sync";
 import { buildSyncPayload, applySyncPayload } from "../../../application/syncPayload";
+import { applyProtectedSyncPayload } from "../../../application/localVaultBackups";
 import type { SyncableVaultData } from "../../../application/syncPayload";
+import { useI18n } from "../../../application/i18n/I18nProvider";
 import { STORAGE_KEY_PORT_FORWARDING } from "../../../infrastructure/config/storageKeys";
 import { localStorageAdapter } from "../../../infrastructure/persistence/localStorageAdapter";
 import { getEffectiveKnownHosts } from "../../../infrastructure/syncHelpers";
@@ -25,6 +27,7 @@ export default function SettingsSyncTab(props: {
     clearVaultData,
     onSettingsApplied,
   } = props;
+  const { t } = useI18n();
 
   const onBuildPayload = useCallback((): SyncPayload => {
     // If hook state is empty but localStorage has data, the async store
@@ -54,14 +57,19 @@ export default function SettingsSyncTab(props: {
   }, [vault, portForwardingRules]);
 
   const onApplyPayload = useCallback(
-    (payload: SyncPayload) => {
-      applySyncPayload(payload, {
-        importVaultData: importDataFromString,
-        importPortForwardingRules,
-        onSettingsApplied,
-      });
-    },
-    [importDataFromString, importPortForwardingRules, onSettingsApplied],
+    (payload: SyncPayload) =>
+      applyProtectedSyncPayload({
+        buildPreApplyPayload: onBuildPayload,
+        applyPayload: () =>
+          applySyncPayload(payload, {
+            importVaultData: importDataFromString,
+            importPortForwardingRules,
+            onSettingsApplied,
+          }),
+        translateProtectiveBackupFailure: (message) =>
+          t("cloudSync.localBackups.protectiveBackupFailed", { message }),
+      }),
+    [importDataFromString, importPortForwardingRules, onBuildPayload, onSettingsApplied, t],
   );
 
   const clearAllLocalData = useCallback(() => {

components/settings/tabs/SettingsTerminalTab.tsx

@@ -263,6 +263,8 @@ const ThemePreviewButton: React.FC<{
 export default function SettingsTerminalTab(props: {
   terminalThemeId: string;
   setTerminalThemeId: (id: string) => void;
+  followAppTerminalTheme: boolean;
+  setFollowAppTerminalTheme: (value: boolean) => void;
   terminalFontFamilyId: string;
   setTerminalFontFamilyId: (id: string) => void;
   terminalFontSize: number;
@@ -279,6 +281,8 @@ export default function SettingsTerminalTab(props: {
   const {
     terminalThemeId,
     setTerminalThemeId,
+    followAppTerminalTheme,
+    setFollowAppTerminalTheme,
     terminalFontFamilyId,
     setTerminalFontFamilyId,
     terminalFontSize,
@@ -491,11 +495,24 @@ export default function SettingsTerminalTab(props: {
   return (
     <SettingsTabContent value="terminal">
       <SectionHeader title={t("settings.terminal.section.theme")} />
-      <ThemePreviewButton
-        theme={currentTheme}
-        onClick={() => setThemeModalOpen(true)}
-        buttonLabel={t("settings.terminal.theme.selectButton")}
-      />
+      <div className="rounded-lg border bg-card px-4">
+        <SettingRow
+          label={t("settings.terminal.theme.followApp")}
+          description={t("settings.terminal.theme.followApp.desc")}
+        >
+          <Toggle
+            checked={followAppTerminalTheme}
+            onChange={setFollowAppTerminalTheme}
+          />
+        </SettingRow>
+      </div>
+      {!followAppTerminalTheme && (
+        <ThemePreviewButton
+          theme={currentTheme}
+          onClick={() => setThemeModalOpen(true)}
+          buttonLabel={t("settings.terminal.theme.selectButton")}
+        />
+      )}
 
       <ThemeSelectModal
         open={themeModalOpen}
@@ -798,6 +815,20 @@ export default function SettingsTerminalTab(props: {
           <Toggle checked={!terminalSettings.disableBracketedPaste} onChange={(v) => updateTerminalSetting("disableBracketedPaste", !v)} />
         </SettingRow>
 
+        <SettingRow
+          label={t("settings.terminal.behavior.clearWipesScrollback")}
+          description={t("settings.terminal.behavior.clearWipesScrollback.desc")}
+        >
+          <Toggle checked={terminalSettings.clearWipesScrollback ?? true} onChange={(v) => updateTerminalSetting("clearWipesScrollback", v)} />
+        </SettingRow>
+
+        <SettingRow
+          label={t("settings.terminal.behavior.preserveSelectionOnInput")}
+          description={t("settings.terminal.behavior.preserveSelectionOnInput.desc")}
+        >
+          <Toggle checked={terminalSettings.preserveSelectionOnInput ?? false} onChange={(v) => updateTerminalSetting("preserveSelectionOnInput", v)} />
+        </SettingRow>
+
         <SettingRow
           label={t("settings.terminal.behavior.osc52Clipboard")}
           description={t("settings.terminal.behavior.osc52Clipboard.desc")}

components/settings/tabs/ai/CodexConnectionCard.tsx

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ export const CodexConnectionCard: React.FC<{
   integration: CodexIntegrationStatus | null;
   loginSession: CodexLoginSession | null;
   isLoading: boolean;
-  hasOpenAiProviderKey: boolean;
   error: string | null;
   onRefresh: () => void;
   onConnect: () => void;
@@ -31,7 +30,6 @@ export const CodexConnectionCard: React.FC<{
   integration,
   loginSession,
   isLoading,
-  hasOpenAiProviderKey,
   error,
   onRefresh,
   onConnect,
@@ -42,6 +40,14 @@ export const CodexConnectionCard: React.FC<{
   const { t } = useI18n();
   const found = pathInfo?.available;
 
+  const customConfigIncomplete = Boolean(
+    integration?.state === "connected_custom_config"
+    && integration.customConfig
+    && integration.customConfig.envKey
+    && !integration.customConfig.envKeyPresent
+    && !integration.customConfig.hasHardcodedApiKey,
+  );
+
   const status = isResolvingPath
     ? t('ai.codex.detecting')
     : !found
@@ -52,9 +58,13 @@ export const CodexConnectionCard: React.FC<{
           ? t('ai.codex.connectedChatGPT')
           : integration?.state === "connected_api_key"
             ? t('ai.codex.connectedApiKey')
-            : integration?.state === "not_logged_in"
-              ? t('ai.codex.notConnected')
-              : t('ai.codex.statusUnknown');
+            : integration?.state === "connected_custom_config"
+              ? customConfigIncomplete
+                ? t('ai.codex.customConfigIncomplete')
+                : t('ai.codex.connectedCustomConfig')
+              : integration?.state === "not_logged_in"
+                ? t('ai.codex.notConnected')
+                : t('ai.codex.statusUnknown');
 
   const statusClassName = isResolvingPath
     ? "text-muted-foreground"
@@ -62,9 +72,11 @@ export const CodexConnectionCard: React.FC<{
       ? "text-amber-500"
       : loginSession?.state === "running"
         ? "text-amber-500"
-        : integration?.isConnected
-          ? "text-emerald-500"
-          : "text-muted-foreground";
+        : customConfigIncomplete
+          ? "text-amber-500"
+          : integration?.isConnected
+            ? "text-emerald-500"
+            : "text-muted-foreground";
 
   const outputText = loginSession?.error
     ? loginSession.error
@@ -139,6 +151,9 @@ export const CodexConnectionCard: React.FC<{
                   {t('common.cancel')}
                 </Button>
               </>
+            ) : integration?.state === "connected_custom_config" ? (
+              // Nothing to log out of; config.toml is user-owned state.
+              null
             ) : integration?.isConnected ? (
               <Button variant="outline" size="sm" onClick={onLogout}>
                 <LogOut size={14} className="mr-1.5" />
@@ -157,10 +172,23 @@ export const CodexConnectionCard: React.FC<{
             </Button>
           </div>
 
-          {hasOpenAiProviderKey && (
-            <p className="text-xs text-emerald-500">
-              {t('ai.codex.apiKeyHint')}
-            </p>
+          {integration?.state === "connected_custom_config" && integration.customConfig && (
+            <>
+              <p className="text-xs text-emerald-500">
+                {t('ai.codex.customConfigHint').replace(
+                  '{provider}',
+                  integration.customConfig.displayName || integration.customConfig.providerName,
+                )}
+              </p>
+              {integration.customConfig.envKey && !integration.customConfig.envKeyPresent && !integration.customConfig.hasHardcodedApiKey && (
+                <p className="text-xs text-amber-500">
+                  {t('ai.codex.customConfigMissingEnvKey').replace(
+                    '{envKey}',
+                    integration.customConfig.envKey,
+                  )}
+                </p>
+              )}
+            </>
           )}
         </>
       )}

components/settings/tabs/ai/types.ts

@@ -10,14 +10,27 @@ import type {
 export type CodexIntegrationState =
   | "connected_chatgpt"
   | "connected_api_key"
+  | "connected_custom_config"
   | "not_logged_in"
   | "unknown";
 
+export interface CodexCustomProviderConfig {
+  providerName: string;
+  displayName: string;
+  baseUrl: string | null;
+  envKey: string | null;
+  envKeyPresent: boolean;
+  hasHardcodedApiKey: boolean;
+  model: string | null;
+  authHash: string | null;
+}
+
 export interface CodexIntegrationStatus {
   state: CodexIntegrationState;
   isConnected: boolean;
   rawOutput: string;
   exitCode: number | null;
+  customConfig?: CodexCustomProviderConfig | null;
 }
 
 export type CodexLoginState = "running" | "success" | "error" | "cancelled";
@@ -37,6 +50,28 @@ export interface AgentPathInfo {
   available: boolean;
 }
 
+export interface UserSkillStatusItem {
+  id: string;
+  slug: string;
+  directoryName: string;
+  directoryPath: string;
+  skillPath: string;
+  name: string;
+  description: string;
+  status: "ready" | "warning";
+  warnings: string[];
+}
+
+export interface UserSkillsStatusResult {
+  ok: boolean;
+  directoryPath?: string;
+  readyCount?: number;
+  warningCount?: number;
+  skills?: UserSkillStatusItem[];
+  warnings?: string[];
+  error?: string;
+}
+
 export interface ProviderFormState {
   name: string;
   apiKey: string;
@@ -57,12 +92,14 @@ export interface FetchBridge {
 }
 
 export interface NetcattyAiBridge {
-  aiCodexGetIntegration?: () => Promise<CodexIntegrationStatus>;
+  aiCodexGetIntegration?: (options?: { refreshShellEnv?: boolean }) => Promise<CodexIntegrationStatus>;
   aiCodexStartLogin?: () => Promise<{ ok: boolean; session?: CodexLoginSession; error?: string }>;
   aiCodexGetLoginSession?: (sessionId: string) => Promise<{ ok: boolean; session?: CodexLoginSession; error?: string }>;
   aiCodexCancelLogin?: (sessionId: string) => Promise<{ ok: boolean; found?: boolean; session?: CodexLoginSession; error?: string }>;
   aiCodexLogout?: () => Promise<{ ok: boolean; state?: CodexIntegrationState; isConnected?: boolean; rawOutput?: string; logoutOutput?: string; error?: string }>;
   aiResolveCli?: (params: { command: string; customPath?: string }) => Promise<AgentPathInfo>;
+  aiUserSkillsGetStatus?: () => Promise<UserSkillsStatusResult>;
+  aiUserSkillsOpenFolder?: () => Promise<UserSkillsStatusResult>;
   openExternal?: (url: string) => Promise<void>;
 }
 

components/sftp/SftpTabBar.tsx

@@ -318,6 +318,8 @@ const SftpTabBarInner: React.FC<SftpTabBarProps> = ({
               <div
                 key={tab.id}
                 data-tab-id={tab.id}
+                data-tab-type="sftp"
+                data-state={isActive ? 'active' : 'inactive'}
                 onClick={(e) => handleSelectTabClick(e, tab.id)}
                 draggable
                 onDragStart={(e) => handleTabDragStart(e, tab.id)}
@@ -325,7 +327,7 @@ const SftpTabBarInner: React.FC<SftpTabBarProps> = ({
                 onDragOver={(e) => handleTabDragOver(e, tab.id)}
                 onDrop={(e) => handleTabDrop(e, tab.id)}
                 className={cn(
-                  "relative px-3 min-w-[100px] max-w-[180px] text-xs font-medium cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-between gap-2 flex-shrink-0 border-r border-border/40",
+                  "netcatty-tab relative px-3 min-w-[100px] max-w-[180px] text-xs font-medium cursor-pointer flex items-center justify-between gap-2 flex-shrink-0 border-r border-border/40",
                   "transition-[color,opacity,transform] duration-100 ease-out",
                   isActive
                     ? "text-foreground border-b-2"

components/sftp/hooks/useSftpViewPaneCallbacks.ts

@@ -46,6 +46,8 @@ interface UseSftpViewPaneCallbacksParams {
   ) => Promise<{ transferId: string; totalBytes?: number; error?: string }>;
   getSftpIdForConnection?: (connectionId: string) => string | undefined;
   listLocalFiles: (path: string) => Promise<RemoteFile[]>;
+  mkdirLocal?: (path: string) => Promise<void>;
+  deleteLocalFile?: (path: string) => Promise<void>;
 }
 
 export const useSftpViewPaneCallbacks = ({

components/sync/SyncBlockedBanner.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import React from 'react';
+import { AlertTriangle } from 'lucide-react';
+import type { ShrinkFinding } from '../../domain/syncGuards';
+import { Button } from '../ui/button';
+import { useI18n } from '../../application/i18n/I18nProvider';
+
+interface Props {
+  finding: Extract<ShrinkFinding, { suspicious: true }>;
+  onRestore: () => void;
+  onForcePush: () => void;
+}
+
+export const SyncBlockedBanner: React.FC<Props> = ({ finding, onRestore, onForcePush }) => {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
+  const entityLabel = t(`sync.entityType.${finding.entityType}`);
+  const percent = finding.baseCount > 0 ? Math.round((finding.lost / finding.baseCount) * 100) : 0;
+
+  const reasonText = finding.reason === 'bulk-shrink'
+    ? t('sync.blocked.reason.bulkShrink', {
+        lost: finding.lost,
+        baseCount: finding.baseCount,
+        entityType: entityLabel,
+        percent,
+      })
+    : t('sync.blocked.reason.largeShrink', {
+        lost: finding.lost,
+        entityType: entityLabel,
+      });
+
+  return (
+    <div
+      role="alert"
+      className="flex flex-col gap-2 rounded-md border border-amber-500/40 bg-amber-500/10 p-4"
+    >
+      <div className="flex items-center gap-2 font-semibold">
+        <AlertTriangle className="h-4 w-4 text-amber-500" />
+        <span>{t('sync.blocked.title')}</span>
+      </div>
+      <p className="text-sm">{reasonText}</p>
+      <p className="text-xs opacity-70">{t('sync.blocked.detail')}</p>
+      <div className="flex gap-2">
+        <Button variant="default" size="sm" onClick={onRestore}>
+          {t('sync.blocked.restoreButton')}
+        </Button>
+        <Button variant="outline" size="sm" onClick={onForcePush}>
+          {t('sync.blocked.forcePushButton')}
+        </Button>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+};

components/terminal/TerminalComposeBar.tsx

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 /**
  * Terminal Compose Bar
- * A modern text input bar for composing commands before sending them.
- * Supports pre-reviewing passwords/commands and broadcasting to multiple sessions.
+ * An immersive, borderless prompt bar that blends into the terminal's
+ * background — like the Claude Code compose area. Enter sends, Escape
+ * closes, Shift+Enter inserts a newline. The only visible chrome is a
+ * hair-line top border separating it from the terminal output.
  */
-import { Radio, Send, X } from 'lucide-react';
+import { Radio, X } from 'lucide-react';
 import React, { useCallback, useEffect, useRef } from 'react';
 import { useI18n } from '../../application/i18n/I18nProvider';
 import { cn } from '../../lib/utils';
@@ -73,10 +75,9 @@ export const TerminalComposeBar: React.FC<TerminalComposeBarProps> = ({
         <div
             className="flex-shrink-0"
             style={{
-                background: `linear-gradient(to top, ${resolvedBg}, color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedFg} 4%, ${resolvedBg} 96%))`,
-                borderTop: `1px solid color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedFg} 10%, ${resolvedBg} 90%)`,
-                borderRadius: '0 0 8px 8px',
-                padding: '6px 10px',
+                backgroundColor: resolvedBg,
+                borderTop: `1px solid color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedFg} 8%, ${resolvedBg} 92%)`,
+                padding: '8px 12px',
             }}
         >
             <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
@@ -90,77 +91,48 @@ export const TerminalComposeBar: React.FC<TerminalComposeBarProps> = ({
                     </div>
                 )}
 
-                {/* Input field */}
+                {/* Borderless input — lives flush on the terminal bg so the
+                    bar feels like part of the terminal rather than a panel. */}
                 <textarea
                     ref={textareaRef}
                     className={cn(
-                        "flex-1 min-w-0 resize-none rounded-md px-3 py-1.5 text-xs font-mono leading-relaxed",
-                        "outline-none transition-all duration-200",
-                        "placeholder:opacity-40",
+                        "flex-1 min-w-0 resize-none bg-transparent border-none px-0 py-0",
+                        "text-xs font-mono leading-relaxed outline-none",
+                        "placeholder:opacity-70",
                     )}
                     style={{
-                        backgroundColor: `color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedFg} 6%, ${resolvedBg} 94%)`,
                         color: resolvedFg,
-                        border: `1px solid color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedFg} 25%, ${resolvedBg} 75%)`,
-                        minHeight: '28px',
+                        minHeight: '20px',
                         maxHeight: '120px',
-                        boxShadow: `inset 0 1px 3px color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedBg} 80%, transparent)`,
                     }}
                     rows={1}
                     placeholder={t("terminal.composeBar.placeholder")}
                     onInput={handleInput}
                     onKeyDown={handleKeyDown}
-                    onFocus={(e) => {
-                        e.currentTarget.style.borderColor = `color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedFg} 40%, ${resolvedBg} 60%)`;
-                        e.currentTarget.style.boxShadow = `inset 0 1px 3px color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedBg} 80%, transparent), 0 0 0 1px color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedFg} 8%, transparent)`;
-                    }}
-                    onBlur={(e) => {
-                        e.currentTarget.style.borderColor = `color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedFg} 25%, ${resolvedBg} 75%)`;
-                        e.currentTarget.style.boxShadow = `inset 0 1px 3px color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedBg} 80%, transparent)`;
-                    }}
                     onCompositionStart={() => { isComposingRef.current = true; }}
                     onCompositionEnd={() => { isComposingRef.current = false; }}
                 />
 
-                {/* Action buttons */}
-                <div className="flex items-center gap-0.5">
-                    <button
-                        className="h-7 w-7 flex items-center justify-center rounded-md transition-colors duration-150"
-                        style={{
-                            color: resolvedFg,
-                            background: `color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedFg} 20%, ${resolvedBg} 80%)`,
-                        }}
-                        onMouseEnter={(e) => {
-                            e.currentTarget.style.background = `color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedFg} 30%, ${resolvedBg} 70%)`;
-                        }}
-                        onMouseLeave={(e) => {
-                            e.currentTarget.style.background = `color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedFg} 20%, ${resolvedBg} 80%)`;
-                        }}
-                        onClick={handleSend}
-                        title={t("terminal.composeBar.send")}
-                    >
-                        <Send size={13} />
-                    </button>
-                    <button
-                        className="h-7 w-7 flex items-center justify-center rounded-md transition-colors duration-150"
-                        style={{
-                            color: `color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedFg} 60%, ${resolvedBg} 40%)`,
-                            background: `color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedFg} 12%, ${resolvedBg} 88%)`,
-                        }}
-                        onMouseEnter={(e) => {
-                            e.currentTarget.style.background = `color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedFg} 22%, ${resolvedBg} 78%)`;
-                            e.currentTarget.style.color = resolvedFg;
-                        }}
-                        onMouseLeave={(e) => {
-                            e.currentTarget.style.background = `color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedFg} 12%, ${resolvedBg} 88%)`;
-                            e.currentTarget.style.color = `color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedFg} 60%, ${resolvedBg} 40%)`;
-                        }}
-                        onClick={onClose}
-                        title={t("terminal.composeBar.close")}
-                    >
-                        <X size={13} />
-                    </button>
-                </div>
+                {/* Minimal close button — no filled bg, hover only. */}
+                <button
+                    className="h-6 w-6 flex items-center justify-center rounded-md transition-colors duration-150 flex-shrink-0"
+                    style={{
+                        color: `color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedFg} 50%, ${resolvedBg} 50%)`,
+                        background: 'transparent',
+                    }}
+                    onMouseEnter={(e) => {
+                        e.currentTarget.style.background = `color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedFg} 10%, ${resolvedBg} 90%)`;
+                        e.currentTarget.style.color = resolvedFg;
+                    }}
+                    onMouseLeave={(e) => {
+                        e.currentTarget.style.background = 'transparent';
+                        e.currentTarget.style.color = `color-mix(in srgb, ${resolvedFg} 50%, ${resolvedBg} 50%)`;
+                    }}
+                    onClick={onClose}
+                    title={t("terminal.composeBar.close")}
+                >
+                    <X size={12} />
+                </button>
             </div>
         </div>
     );

components/terminal/TerminalContextMenu.tsx

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ export interface TerminalContextMenuProps {
   isAlternateScreen?: boolean;
   onCopy?: () => void;
   onPaste?: () => void;
+  onPasteSelection?: () => void;
   onSelectAll?: () => void;
   onClear?: () => void;
   onSplitHorizontal?: () => void;
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ export const TerminalContextMenu: React.FC<TerminalContextMenuProps> = ({
   isAlternateScreen = false,
   onCopy,
   onPaste,
+  onPasteSelection,
   onSelectAll,
   onClear,
   onSplitHorizontal,
@@ -70,6 +72,7 @@ export const TerminalContextMenu: React.FC<TerminalContextMenuProps> = ({
 
   const copyShortcut = getShortcut('copy');
   const pasteShortcut = getShortcut('paste');
+  const pasteSelectionShortcut = getShortcut('paste-selection');
   const selectAllShortcut = getShortcut('select-all');
   const splitHShortcut = getShortcut('split-horizontal');
   const splitVShortcut = getShortcut('split-vertical');
@@ -123,6 +126,13 @@ export const TerminalContextMenu: React.FC<TerminalContextMenuProps> = ({
             {t('terminal.menu.paste')}
             <ContextMenuShortcut>{pasteShortcut}</ContextMenuShortcut>
           </ContextMenuItem>
+          {onPasteSelection && (
+            <ContextMenuItem onClick={onPasteSelection} disabled={!hasSelection}>
+              <ClipboardPaste size={14} className="mr-2" />
+              {t('terminal.menu.pasteSelection')}
+              <ContextMenuShortcut>{pasteSelectionShortcut}</ContextMenuShortcut>
+            </ContextMenuItem>
+          )}
           <ContextMenuItem onClick={onSelectAll}>
             <TerminalIcon size={14} className="mr-2" />
             {t('terminal.menu.selectAll')}

components/terminal/TerminalToolbar.tsx

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  * Terminal Toolbar
  * Displays SFTP, Scripts, Theme, Highlight, Search buttons and close button in terminal status bar
  */
-import { Check, FolderInput, Languages, X, Zap, Palette, Search, TextCursorInput } from 'lucide-react';
+import { Check, FolderInput, Languages, MoreVertical, X, Zap, Palette, Search, TextCursorInput } from 'lucide-react';
 import React, { useState } from 'react';
 import { useI18n } from '../../application/i18n/I18nProvider';
 import { Host } from '../../types';
@@ -57,100 +57,10 @@ export const TerminalToolbar: React.FC<TerminalToolbarProps> = ({
     const isSSHSession = !isLocalTerminal && !isSerialTerminal && host?.protocol !== 'telnet' && host?.protocol !== 'mosh' && !host?.moshEnabled && host?.hostname !== 'localhost';
     const hidesSftp = isLocalTerminal || isSerialTerminal;
 
+    const menuItemClass = "w-full flex items-center gap-2 px-2 py-1.5 text-xs rounded-sm hover:bg-secondary transition-colors";
+
     return (
         <TooltipProvider delayDuration={500} skipDelayDuration={100} disableHoverableContent>
-            {!hidesSftp && (
-                <Tooltip>
-                    <TooltipTrigger asChild>
-                        <Button
-                            variant="secondary"
-                            size="icon"
-                            className={buttonBase}
-                            disabled={status !== 'connected'}
-                            aria-label={t("terminal.toolbar.openSftp")}
-                            onClick={onOpenSFTP}
-                        >
-                            <FolderInput size={12} />
-                        </Button>
-                    </TooltipTrigger>
-                    <TooltipContent>
-                        {status === 'connected' ? t("terminal.toolbar.openSftp") : t("terminal.toolbar.availableAfterConnect")}
-                    </TooltipContent>
-                </Tooltip>
-            )}
-
-            {isSSHSession && onSetTerminalEncoding && (
-                <Popover>
-                    <Tooltip>
-                        <TooltipTrigger asChild>
-                            <PopoverTrigger asChild>
-                                <Button
-                                    variant="secondary"
-                                    size="icon"
-                                    className={buttonBase}
-                                    aria-label={t("terminal.toolbar.encoding")}
-                                >
-                                    <Languages size={12} />
-                                </Button>
-                            </PopoverTrigger>
-                        </TooltipTrigger>
-                        <TooltipContent>{t("terminal.toolbar.encoding")}</TooltipContent>
-                    </Tooltip>
-                    <PopoverContent className="w-36 p-1" align="start">
-                        {(["utf-8", "gb18030"] as const).map((enc) => (
-                            <PopoverClose asChild key={enc}>
-                                <button
-                                    className={cn(
-                                        "w-full flex items-center gap-2 px-2 py-1.5 text-xs rounded-sm hover:bg-secondary transition-colors",
-                                        terminalEncoding === enc && "font-medium"
-                                    )}
-                                    onClick={() => onSetTerminalEncoding(enc)}
-                                >
-                                    <Check
-                                        size={12}
-                                        className={cn(
-                                            "shrink-0",
-                                            terminalEncoding === enc ? "opacity-100" : "opacity-0"
-                                        )}
-                                    />
-                                    {t(`terminal.toolbar.encoding.${enc === "utf-8" ? "utf8" : enc}`)}
-                                </button>
-                            </PopoverClose>
-                        ))}
-                    </PopoverContent>
-                </Popover>
-            )}
-
-            <Tooltip>
-                <TooltipTrigger asChild>
-                    <Button
-                        variant="secondary"
-                        size="icon"
-                        className={buttonBase}
-                        aria-label={t("terminal.toolbar.scripts")}
-                        onClick={onOpenScripts}
-                    >
-                        <Zap size={12} />
-                    </Button>
-                </TooltipTrigger>
-                <TooltipContent>{t("terminal.toolbar.scripts")}</TooltipContent>
-            </Tooltip>
-
-            <Tooltip>
-                <TooltipTrigger asChild>
-                    <Button
-                        variant="secondary"
-                        size="icon"
-                        className={buttonBase}
-                        aria-label={t("terminal.toolbar.terminalSettings")}
-                        onClick={onOpenTheme}
-                    >
-                        <Palette size={12} />
-                    </Button>
-                </TooltipTrigger>
-                <TooltipContent>{t("terminal.toolbar.terminalSettings")}</TooltipContent>
-            </Tooltip>
-
             <HostKeywordHighlightPopover
                 host={host}
                 onUpdateHost={onUpdateHost}
@@ -191,6 +101,85 @@ export const TerminalToolbar: React.FC<TerminalToolbarProps> = ({
                 <TooltipContent>{t("terminal.toolbar.searchTerminal")}</TooltipContent>
             </Tooltip>
 
+            {/* Overflow menu — collapses the four opener-style actions
+                (SFTP / Encoding / Scripts / Terminal Settings) behind a
+                single ⋮ trigger so the toolbar doesn't feel crowded.
+                Highlight / Compose / Search stay visible because they
+                are toggled mid-session, not just once. */}
+            <Popover>
+                <Tooltip>
+                    <TooltipTrigger asChild>
+                        <PopoverTrigger asChild>
+                            <Button
+                                variant="secondary"
+                                size="icon"
+                                className={buttonBase}
+                                aria-label={t("terminal.toolbar.more")}
+                            >
+                                <MoreVertical size={14} />
+                            </Button>
+                        </PopoverTrigger>
+                    </TooltipTrigger>
+                    <TooltipContent>{t("terminal.toolbar.more")}</TooltipContent>
+                </Tooltip>
+                <PopoverContent className="w-48 p-1" align="end">
+                    {!hidesSftp && (
+                        <PopoverClose asChild>
+                            <button
+                                type="button"
+                                className={cn(menuItemClass, status !== 'connected' && "opacity-50 pointer-events-none")}
+                                onClick={onOpenSFTP}
+                                disabled={status !== 'connected'}
+                            >
+                                <FolderInput size={12} className="shrink-0" />
+                                <span className="flex-1 text-left truncate">
+                                    {status === 'connected' ? t("terminal.toolbar.openSftp") : t("terminal.toolbar.availableAfterConnect")}
+                                </span>
+                            </button>
+                        </PopoverClose>
+                    )}
+                    <PopoverClose asChild>
+                        <button type="button" className={menuItemClass} onClick={onOpenScripts}>
+                            <Zap size={12} className="shrink-0" />
+                            <span className="flex-1 text-left truncate">{t("terminal.toolbar.scripts")}</span>
+                        </button>
+                    </PopoverClose>
+                    <PopoverClose asChild>
+                        <button type="button" className={menuItemClass} onClick={onOpenTheme}>
+                            <Palette size={12} className="shrink-0" />
+                            <span className="flex-1 text-left truncate">{t("terminal.toolbar.terminalSettings")}</span>
+                        </button>
+                    </PopoverClose>
+                    {isSSHSession && onSetTerminalEncoding && (
+                        <>
+                            <div className="h-px bg-border/60 my-1 mx-1" />
+                            <div className="px-2 py-1 text-[10px] font-medium uppercase tracking-wide text-muted-foreground flex items-center gap-1.5">
+                                <Languages size={11} />
+                                {t("terminal.toolbar.encoding")}
+                            </div>
+                            {(["utf-8", "gb18030"] as const).map((enc) => (
+                                <PopoverClose asChild key={enc}>
+                                    <button
+                                        type="button"
+                                        className={cn(menuItemClass, "pl-6", terminalEncoding === enc && "font-medium")}
+                                        onClick={() => onSetTerminalEncoding(enc)}
+                                    >
+                                        <Check
+                                            size={12}
+                                            className={cn(
+                                                "shrink-0",
+                                                terminalEncoding === enc ? "opacity-100" : "opacity-0",
+                                            )}
+                                        />
+                                        {t(`terminal.toolbar.encoding.${enc === "utf-8" ? "utf8" : enc}`)}
+                                    </button>
+                                </PopoverClose>
+                            ))}
+                        </>
+                    )}
+                </PopoverContent>
+            </Popover>
+
             {showClose && onClose && (
                 <Tooltip>
                     <TooltipTrigger asChild>

components/terminal/ThemeCustomizeModal.tsx

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import { createPortal } from 'react-dom';
 import { Check, Download, Minus, Palette, Pencil, Plus, Sparkles, Type, X } from 'lucide-react';
 import { useI18n } from '../../application/i18n/I18nProvider';
 import { useAvailableFonts } from '../../application/state/fontStore';
-import { TERMINAL_THEMES, TerminalThemeConfig } from '../../infrastructure/config/terminalThemes';
+import { TERMINAL_THEMES, TerminalThemeConfig, USER_VISIBLE_TERMINAL_THEMES, isUiMatchTerminalThemeId } from '../../infrastructure/config/terminalThemes';
 import { DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE, MIN_FONT_SIZE, MAX_FONT_SIZE, TerminalFont } from '../../infrastructure/config/fonts';
 import { useCustomThemes, useCustomThemeActions } from '../../application/state/customThemeStore';
 import { parseItermcolors } from '../../infrastructure/parsers/itermcolorsParser';
@@ -125,16 +125,21 @@ interface ThemeCustomizeModalProps {
     open: boolean;
     onClose: () => void;
     currentThemeId?: string;
+    displayThemeId?: string;
     currentFontFamilyId?: string;
     currentFontSize?: number;
     /** Called immediately when user selects a theme (for real-time preview) */
     onThemeChange?: (themeId: string) => void;
+    /** Called when the theme should return to inherited/default state */
+    onThemeReset?: () => void;
     /** Called immediately when user selects a font (for real-time preview) */
     onFontFamilyChange?: (fontFamilyId: string) => void;
     /** Called immediately when user changes font size (for real-time preview) */
     onFontSizeChange?: (fontSize: number) => void;
     /** Called when user clicks Save to persist settings */
     onSave?: () => void;
+    /** Optional live preview callback for consumers that render outside this modal */
+    onPreviewThemeChange?: (theme: TerminalTheme | null) => void;
 }
 
 // Memoized preview component to avoid re-rendering on every state change
@@ -261,26 +266,39 @@ const TerminalPreview = memo(({
 ));
 TerminalPreview.displayName = 'TerminalPreview';
 
+const cloneTheme = (theme: TerminalTheme): TerminalTheme => ({
+    ...theme,
+    colors: { ...theme.colors },
+    isCustom: true,
+});
+
+const serializeTheme = (theme: TerminalTheme): string => JSON.stringify(theme);
+
 export const ThemeCustomizeModal: React.FC<ThemeCustomizeModalProps> = ({
     open,
     onClose,
-    currentThemeId = 'termius-dark',
+    currentThemeId,
+    displayThemeId,
     currentFontFamilyId = 'menlo',
     currentFontSize = DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE,
     onThemeChange,
+    onThemeReset,
     onFontFamilyChange,
     onFontSizeChange,
     onSave,
+    onPreviewThemeChange,
 }) => {
     const { t } = useI18n();
     const availableFonts = useAvailableFonts();
     const customThemes = useCustomThemes();
     const { addTheme, updateTheme, deleteTheme } = useCustomThemeActions();
 
+    const resolvedThemeId = currentThemeId ?? displayThemeId ?? TERMINAL_THEMES[0].id;
     const [activeTab, setActiveTab] = useState<TabType>('theme');
-    const [selectedTheme, setSelectedTheme] = useState(currentThemeId);
+    const [selectedTheme, setSelectedTheme] = useState(resolvedThemeId);
     const [selectedFont, setSelectedFont] = useState(currentFontFamilyId);
     const [fontSize, setFontSize] = useState(currentFontSize);
+    const [draftCustomThemes, setDraftCustomThemes] = useState<TerminalTheme[]>(() => customThemes.map(cloneTheme));
 
     // Custom theme editor state
     const [editingTheme, setEditingTheme] = useState<TerminalTheme | null>(null);
@@ -293,30 +311,37 @@ export const ThemeCustomizeModal: React.FC<ThemeCustomizeModalProps> = ({
         font: currentFontFamilyId,
         fontSize: currentFontSize,
     });
+    const originalCustomThemesRef = useRef<TerminalTheme[]>([]);
+    const wasOpenRef = useRef(false);
 
     // Combine built-in + custom themes
     const allThemes = useMemo(
-        () => [...TERMINAL_THEMES, ...customThemes],
-        [customThemes]
+        () => [...TERMINAL_THEMES, ...draftCustomThemes],
+        [draftCustomThemes]
     );
 
     // Sync state when modal opens
     useEffect(() => {
-        if (open) {
+        if (open && !wasOpenRef.current) {
             // Store original values for potential cancel
             originalValuesRef.current = {
                 theme: currentThemeId,
                 font: currentFontFamilyId,
                 fontSize: currentFontSize,
             };
+            originalCustomThemesRef.current = customThemes.map((theme) => ({
+                ...cloneTheme(theme),
+            }));
             // Initialize selected values
-            setSelectedTheme(currentThemeId);
+            setSelectedTheme(resolvedThemeId);
             setSelectedFont(currentFontFamilyId);
             setFontSize(currentFontSize);
+            setDraftCustomThemes(customThemes.map(cloneTheme));
             setEditingTheme(null);
             setIsNewTheme(false);
         }
-    }, [open, currentThemeId, currentFontFamilyId, currentFontSize]);
+        wasOpenRef.current = open;
+    }, [open, currentThemeId, resolvedThemeId, currentFontFamilyId, currentFontSize, customThemes]);
 
     const currentFont = useMemo(
         (): TerminalFont => availableFonts.find(f => f.id === selectedFont) || availableFonts[0],
@@ -326,6 +351,16 @@ export const ThemeCustomizeModal: React.FC<ThemeCustomizeModalProps> = ({
         () => editingTheme || allThemes.find(t => t.id === selectedTheme) || TERMINAL_THEMES[0],
         [selectedTheme, allThemes, editingTheme]
     );
+    const hiddenSelectedTheme = useMemo(
+        () => (isUiMatchTerminalThemeId(selectedTheme)
+            ? TERMINAL_THEMES.find((theme) => theme.id === selectedTheme) || null
+            : null),
+        [selectedTheme]
+    );
+
+    useEffect(() => {
+        onPreviewThemeChange?.(open ? currentTheme : null);
+    }, [currentTheme, onPreviewThemeChange, open]);
 
     // Handle theme selection - apply immediately for real-time preview
     const handleThemeSelect = useCallback((themeId: string) => {
@@ -379,7 +414,7 @@ export const ThemeCustomizeModal: React.FC<ThemeCustomizeModalProps> = ({
             const xml = reader.result as string;
             const parsed = parseItermcolors(xml, name);
             if (parsed) {
-                addTheme(parsed);
+                setDraftCustomThemes((prev) => [...prev, cloneTheme(parsed)]);
                 setSelectedTheme(parsed.id);
                 onThemeChange?.(parsed.id);
                 setActiveTab('theme');
@@ -394,16 +429,16 @@ export const ThemeCustomizeModal: React.FC<ThemeCustomizeModalProps> = ({
         reader.readAsText(file);
         // Reset file input so the same file can be re-imported
         e.target.value = '';
-    }, [addTheme, onThemeChange, t]);
+    }, [onThemeChange, t]);
 
     const handleEditTheme = useCallback((themeId: string) => {
-        const theme = customThemes.find(t => t.id === themeId);
+        const theme = draftCustomThemes.find(t => t.id === themeId);
         if (theme) {
             setEditingTheme({ ...theme, colors: { ...theme.colors } });
             setIsNewTheme(false);
             setActiveTab('custom');
         }
-    }, [customThemes]);
+    }, [draftCustomThemes]);
 
 
     const handleEditorBack = useCallback(() => {
@@ -412,40 +447,63 @@ export const ThemeCustomizeModal: React.FC<ThemeCustomizeModalProps> = ({
     }, []);
 
     const handleEditorDelete = useCallback((themeId: string) => {
-        deleteTheme(themeId);
+        setDraftCustomThemes((prev) => prev.filter((theme) => theme.id !== themeId));
         if (selectedTheme === themeId) {
-            setSelectedTheme(TERMINAL_THEMES[0].id);
-            onThemeChange?.(TERMINAL_THEMES[0].id);
+            const originalThemeId = originalValuesRef.current.theme;
+            const fallbackThemeId = originalThemeId && originalThemeId !== themeId
+                ? originalThemeId
+                : (displayThemeId && displayThemeId !== themeId ? displayThemeId : USER_VISIBLE_TERMINAL_THEMES[0].id);
+            setSelectedTheme(fallbackThemeId);
+            if (originalThemeId == null && displayThemeId && displayThemeId !== themeId) {
+                onThemeReset?.();
+            } else {
+                onThemeChange?.(fallbackThemeId);
+            }
         }
         setEditingTheme(null);
         setIsNewTheme(false);
-    }, [deleteTheme, selectedTheme, onThemeChange]);
+    }, [displayThemeId, onThemeChange, onThemeReset, selectedTheme]);
 
     // Save: just close (changes are already applied)
     const handleSave = useCallback(() => {
-        // If editing a custom theme, save it first
-        if (editingTheme) {
-            if (isNewTheme) {
-                addTheme(editingTheme);
-                setSelectedTheme(editingTheme.id);
-                onThemeChange?.(editingTheme.id);
-            } else {
-                updateTheme(editingTheme.id, editingTheme);
+        const originalThemes = originalCustomThemesRef.current;
+        const originalMap = new Map(originalThemes.map((theme) => [theme.id, theme]));
+        const draftMap = new Map(draftCustomThemes.map((theme) => [theme.id, theme]));
+
+        for (const [id, originalTheme] of originalMap) {
+            if (!draftMap.has(id)) {
+                deleteTheme(id);
+                continue;
+            }
+            const nextTheme = draftMap.get(id)!;
+            if (serializeTheme(originalTheme) !== serializeTheme(nextTheme)) {
+                updateTheme(id, nextTheme);
             }
         }
+
+        for (const [id, draftTheme] of draftMap) {
+            if (!originalMap.has(id)) {
+                addTheme(draftTheme);
+            }
+        }
+
         onSave?.();
         onClose();
-    }, [editingTheme, isNewTheme, addTheme, updateTheme, onSave, onClose, onThemeChange]);
+    }, [addTheme, deleteTheme, draftCustomThemes, onClose, onSave, updateTheme]);
 
     // Cancel: revert to original values
     const handleCancel = useCallback(() => {
         const original = originalValuesRef.current;
         // Revert all changes
-        onThemeChange?.(original.theme);
+        if (original.theme) {
+            onThemeChange?.(original.theme);
+        } else {
+            onThemeReset?.();
+        }
         onFontFamilyChange?.(original.font);
         onFontSizeChange?.(original.fontSize);
         onClose();
-    }, [onThemeChange, onFontFamilyChange, onFontSizeChange, onClose]);
+    }, [onThemeChange, onThemeReset, onFontFamilyChange, onFontSizeChange, onClose]);
 
     // Handle ESC key - same as cancel, but skip when child editor is open
     useEffect(() => {
@@ -465,7 +523,7 @@ export const ThemeCustomizeModal: React.FC<ThemeCustomizeModalProps> = ({
     if (!open) return null;
 
     // Separate built-in and custom themes for display in the theme list
-    const builtinThemes = TERMINAL_THEMES;
+    const builtinThemes = USER_VISIBLE_TERMINAL_THEMES;
 
     const modalContent = (
         <div
@@ -541,6 +599,17 @@ export const ThemeCustomizeModal: React.FC<ThemeCustomizeModalProps> = ({
                             <div className="flex-1 min-h-0 overflow-y-auto p-2">
                                 {activeTab === 'theme' && (
                                     <div className="space-y-1">
+                                        {hiddenSelectedTheme && (
+                                            <div className="rounded-lg border border-border/60 bg-muted/30 px-3 py-2.5 mb-2">
+                                                <div className="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider text-muted-foreground mb-1 font-semibold">
+                                                    {t('terminal.hiddenTheme.title')}
+                                                </div>
+                                                <div className="text-xs font-medium text-foreground">{hiddenSelectedTheme.name}</div>
+                                                <div className="text-[10px] text-muted-foreground mt-1">
+                                                    {t('terminal.hiddenTheme.desc')}
+                                                </div>
+                                            </div>
+                                        )}
                                         {/* Built-in themes */}
                                         {builtinThemes.map(theme => (
                                             <ThemeItem
@@ -551,12 +620,12 @@ export const ThemeCustomizeModal: React.FC<ThemeCustomizeModalProps> = ({
                                             />
                                         ))}
                                         {/* Custom themes section */}
-                                        {customThemes.length > 0 && (
+                                        {draftCustomThemes.length > 0 && (
                                             <>
                                                 <div className="text-[9px] uppercase tracking-wider text-muted-foreground mt-3 mb-1.5 px-1 font-semibold">
                                                     {t('terminal.customTheme.section')}
                                                 </div>
-                                                {customThemes.map(theme => (
+                                                {draftCustomThemes.map(theme => (
                                                     <ThemeItem
                                                         key={theme.id}
                                                         theme={theme}
@@ -617,12 +686,12 @@ export const ThemeCustomizeModal: React.FC<ThemeCustomizeModalProps> = ({
                                         />
 
                                         {/* Custom themes list */}
-                                        {customThemes.length > 0 && (
+                                        {draftCustomThemes.length > 0 && (
                                             <>
                                                 <div className="text-[9px] uppercase tracking-wider text-muted-foreground mt-3 mb-1 px-1 font-semibold">
                                                     {t('terminal.customTheme.yourThemes')}
                                                 </div>
-                                                {customThemes.map(theme => (
+                                                {draftCustomThemes.map(theme => (
                                                     <ThemeItem
                                                         key={theme.id}
                                                         theme={theme}
@@ -717,12 +786,16 @@ export const ThemeCustomizeModal: React.FC<ThemeCustomizeModalProps> = ({
                     theme={editingTheme}
                     isNew={isNewTheme}
                     onSave={(theme) => {
+                        setDraftCustomThemes((prev) => {
+                            if (isNewTheme) {
+                                return [...prev, cloneTheme(theme)];
+                            }
+                            return prev.map((entry) => entry.id === theme.id ? cloneTheme(theme) : entry);
+                        });
                         if (isNewTheme) {
-                            addTheme(theme);
                             setSelectedTheme(theme.id);
                             onThemeChange?.(theme.id);
                         } else {
-                            updateTheme(theme.id, theme);
                             if (selectedTheme === theme.id) {
                                 onThemeChange?.(theme.id);
                             }

components/terminal/ThemeSidePanel.tsx

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@
  * Changes apply in real-time.
  */
 
-import React, { memo, useCallback, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react';
+import React, { memo, useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react';
 import { Check, Download, Minus, Palette, Pencil, Plus, Sparkles, Type } from 'lucide-react';
 import { useI18n } from '../../application/i18n/I18nProvider';
 import { useAvailableFonts } from '../../application/state/fontStore';
-import { TERMINAL_THEMES, TerminalThemeConfig } from '../../infrastructure/config/terminalThemes';
+import { TERMINAL_THEMES, TerminalThemeConfig, USER_VISIBLE_TERMINAL_THEMES, isUiMatchTerminalThemeId } from '../../infrastructure/config/terminalThemes';
 import { MIN_FONT_SIZE, MAX_FONT_SIZE, TerminalFont } from '../../infrastructure/config/fonts';
 import { useCustomThemes, useCustomThemeActions } from '../../application/state/customThemeStore';
 import { parseItermcolors } from '../../infrastructure/parsers/itermcolorsParser';
@@ -126,6 +126,7 @@ const FontItem = memo(({
 FontItem.displayName = 'FontItem';
 
 interface ThemeSidePanelProps {
+  followAppTerminalTheme?: boolean;
   currentThemeId: string;
   globalThemeId: string;
   currentFontFamilyId: string;
@@ -152,6 +153,7 @@ interface ThemeSidePanelProps {
 }
 
 const ThemeSidePanelInner: React.FC<ThemeSidePanelProps> = ({
+  followAppTerminalTheme = false,
   currentThemeId,
   globalThemeId,
   currentFontFamilyId,
@@ -178,7 +180,7 @@ const ThemeSidePanelInner: React.FC<ThemeSidePanelProps> = ({
   const customThemes = useCustomThemes();
   const { addTheme, updateTheme, deleteTheme } = useCustomThemeActions();
 
-  const [activeTab, setActiveTab] = useState<TabType>('theme');
+  const [activeTab, setActiveTab] = useState<TabType>(followAppTerminalTheme ? 'font' : 'theme');
   const [editingTheme, setEditingTheme] = useState<TerminalTheme | null>(null);
   const [isNewTheme, setIsNewTheme] = useState(false);
   const fileInputRef = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);
@@ -191,6 +193,12 @@ const ThemeSidePanelInner: React.FC<ThemeSidePanelProps> = ({
     () => allThemes.find((theme) => theme.id === globalThemeId) || TERMINAL_THEMES[0],
     [allThemes, globalThemeId],
   );
+  const hiddenSelectedTheme = useMemo(
+    () => (isUiMatchTerminalThemeId(currentThemeId)
+      ? TERMINAL_THEMES.find((theme) => theme.id === currentThemeId) || null
+      : null),
+    [currentThemeId],
+  );
   const globalFont = useMemo(
     () => availableFonts.find((font) => font.id === globalFontFamilyId) || availableFonts[0],
     [availableFonts, globalFontFamilyId],
@@ -264,9 +272,27 @@ const ThemeSidePanelInner: React.FC<ThemeSidePanelProps> = ({
     setIsNewTheme(false);
   }, [deleteTheme, currentThemeId, onThemeChange]);
 
+  const themeEditingLocked = followAppTerminalTheme;
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (themeEditingLocked && activeTab !== 'font') {
+      setActiveTab('font');
+    }
+  }, [activeTab, themeEditingLocked]);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!themeEditingLocked || !editingTheme) return;
+    setEditingTheme(null);
+    setIsNewTheme(false);
+  }, [editingTheme, themeEditingLocked]);
+
   if (!isVisible) return null;
 
-  const builtinThemes = TERMINAL_THEMES;
+  const builtinThemes = USER_VISIBLE_TERMINAL_THEMES;
+
+  const footerLabel = themeEditingLocked
+    ? `${availableFonts.find(f => f.id === currentFontFamilyId)?.name ?? currentFontFamilyId} • ${currentFontSize}px • ${currentFontWeight}`
+    : `${allThemes.find(t => t.id === currentThemeId)?.name ?? currentThemeId} • ${availableFonts.find(f => f.id === currentFontFamilyId)?.name ?? currentFontFamilyId} • ${currentFontSize}px • ${currentFontWeight}`;
   const panelVars = {
     ['--terminal-panel-bg' as never]: previewColors?.background ?? 'var(--background)',
     ['--terminal-panel-fg' as never]: previewColors?.foreground ?? 'var(--foreground)',
@@ -289,17 +315,19 @@ const ThemeSidePanelInner: React.FC<ThemeSidePanelProps> = ({
       >
         {/* Tab Bar */}
         <div className="flex p-1.5 gap-0.5 shrink-0 border-b" style={{ borderColor: 'var(--terminal-panel-border)' }}>
-          <button
-            onClick={() => { setActiveTab('theme'); setEditingTheme(null); }}
-            className="flex-1 flex items-center justify-center gap-1 px-1.5 py-1.5 rounded-md text-[11px] font-medium transition-all"
-            style={{
-              backgroundColor: activeTab === 'theme' ? 'var(--terminal-panel-active)' : 'transparent',
-              color: activeTab === 'theme' ? 'var(--terminal-panel-fg)' : 'var(--terminal-panel-muted)',
-            }}
-          >
-            <Palette size={12} />
-            {t('terminal.themeModal.tab.theme')}
-          </button>
+          {!themeEditingLocked && (
+            <button
+              onClick={() => { setActiveTab('theme'); setEditingTheme(null); }}
+              className="flex-1 flex items-center justify-center gap-1 px-1.5 py-1.5 rounded-md text-[11px] font-medium transition-all"
+              style={{
+                backgroundColor: activeTab === 'theme' ? 'var(--terminal-panel-active)' : 'transparent',
+                color: activeTab === 'theme' ? 'var(--terminal-panel-fg)' : 'var(--terminal-panel-muted)',
+              }}
+            >
+              <Palette size={12} />
+              {t('terminal.themeModal.tab.theme')}
+            </button>
+          )}
           <button
             onClick={() => setActiveTab('font')}
             className="flex-1 flex items-center justify-center gap-1 px-1.5 py-1.5 rounded-md text-[11px] font-medium transition-all"
@@ -311,24 +339,37 @@ const ThemeSidePanelInner: React.FC<ThemeSidePanelProps> = ({
             <Type size={12} />
             {t('terminal.themeModal.tab.font')}
           </button>
-          <button
-            onClick={() => setActiveTab('custom')}
-            className="flex-1 flex items-center justify-center gap-1 px-1.5 py-1.5 rounded-md text-[11px] font-medium transition-all"
-            style={{
-              backgroundColor: activeTab === 'custom' ? 'var(--terminal-panel-active)' : 'transparent',
-              color: activeTab === 'custom' ? 'var(--terminal-panel-fg)' : 'var(--terminal-panel-muted)',
-            }}
-          >
-            <Sparkles size={12} />
-            {t('terminal.themeModal.tab.custom')}
-          </button>
+          {!themeEditingLocked && (
+            <button
+              onClick={() => setActiveTab('custom')}
+              className="flex-1 flex items-center justify-center gap-1 px-1.5 py-1.5 rounded-md text-[11px] font-medium transition-all"
+              style={{
+                backgroundColor: activeTab === 'custom' ? 'var(--terminal-panel-active)' : 'transparent',
+                color: activeTab === 'custom' ? 'var(--terminal-panel-fg)' : 'var(--terminal-panel-muted)',
+              }}
+            >
+              <Sparkles size={12} />
+              {t('terminal.themeModal.tab.custom')}
+            </button>
+          )}
         </div>
 
         {/* List Content */}
         <ScrollArea className="flex-1 min-h-0">
           <div className="py-1">
-            {activeTab === 'theme' && (
+            {!themeEditingLocked && activeTab === 'theme' && (
               <div>
+                {hiddenSelectedTheme && (
+                  <div className="mx-2 mb-2 rounded-lg border px-3 py-2.5" style={{ borderColor: 'var(--terminal-panel-border)', backgroundColor: 'var(--terminal-panel-hover)' }}>
+                    <div className="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider mb-1 font-semibold" style={{ color: 'var(--terminal-panel-muted)' }}>
+                      {t('terminal.hiddenTheme.title')}
+                    </div>
+                    <div className="text-xs font-medium">{hiddenSelectedTheme.name}</div>
+                    <div className="text-[10px] mt-1" style={{ color: 'var(--terminal-panel-muted)' }}>
+                      {t('terminal.hiddenTheme.desc')}
+                    </div>
+                  </div>
+                )}
                 {builtinThemes.map(theme => (
                   <ThemeItem
                     key={theme.id}
@@ -391,7 +432,7 @@ const ThemeSidePanelInner: React.FC<ThemeSidePanelProps> = ({
                 )}
               </div>
             )}
-            {activeTab === 'custom' && !editingTheme && (
+            {!themeEditingLocked && activeTab === 'custom' && !editingTheme && (
               <div>
                 <button
                   onClick={handleNewTheme}
@@ -505,6 +546,23 @@ const ThemeSidePanelInner: React.FC<ThemeSidePanelProps> = ({
           </div>
         )}
 
+        {themeEditingLocked && canResetTheme && (
+          <div className="p-2.5 border-t shrink-0" style={{ borderColor: 'var(--terminal-panel-border)' }}>
+            <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-2">
+              <div className="text-[9px] uppercase tracking-wider font-semibold" style={{ color: 'var(--terminal-panel-muted)' }}>
+                {t('terminal.themeModal.globalTheme')}
+              </div>
+              <button
+                onClick={onThemeReset}
+                className="text-[10px] font-medium hover:opacity-80 transition-opacity"
+                style={{ color: 'var(--terminal-panel-fg)' }}
+              >
+                {t('common.useGlobal')}
+              </button>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        )}
+
         {/* Font Weight Control (only in font tab) */}
         {activeTab === 'font' && (
           <div className="p-2.5 border-t shrink-0" style={{ borderColor: 'var(--terminal-panel-border)' }}>
@@ -550,7 +608,7 @@ const ThemeSidePanelInner: React.FC<ThemeSidePanelProps> = ({
         {/* Current selection info */}
         <div className="px-2.5 py-1.5 border-t shrink-0" style={{ borderColor: 'var(--terminal-panel-border)' }}>
           <div className="text-[9px] truncate" style={{ color: 'var(--terminal-panel-muted)' }}>
-            {allThemes.find(t => t.id === currentThemeId)?.name ?? currentThemeId} • {availableFonts.find(f => f.id === currentFontFamilyId)?.name ?? currentFontFamilyId} • {currentFontSize}px • {currentFontWeight}
+            {footerLabel}
           </div>
         </div>
       </div>

components/terminal/autocomplete/useTerminalAutocomplete.ts

@@ -690,7 +690,9 @@ export function useTerminalAutocomplete(
         }
       }
 
-      // Tab: accept selected popup suggestion, or accept ghost text
+      // Tab: accept selected popup suggestion. Ghost text is accepted via → only —
+      // letting Tab pass through lets the shell's native completion (bash/zsh) run,
+      // which is otherwise shadowed by our single-Tab ghost accept.
       if (e.key === "Tab" && !e.ctrlKey && !e.metaKey && !e.altKey && s.subDirFocusLevel < 0) {
         if (s.popupVisible && s.suggestions.length > 0) {
           e.preventDefault();
@@ -698,16 +700,10 @@ export function useTerminalAutocomplete(
           if (selected) insertSuggestion(selected, false);
           return false;
         }
+        // Hide stale ghost text before Tab reaches the shell — the shell's
+        // completion will rewrite the line and the old ghost would mislead.
         if (ghost?.isVisible()) {
-          e.preventDefault();
-          const ghostText = ghost.getGhostText();
-          if (ghostText) {
-            writeToTerminal(ghostText);
-            lastAcceptedCommandRef.current = ghost.getSuggestion();
-            ghost.hide();
-            clearState();
-          }
-          return false;
+          ghost.hide();
         }
       }
 

components/terminal/hooks/useServerStats.ts

@@ -89,11 +89,23 @@ export function useServerStats({
   const hasFetchedRef = useRef(false);
   const connectedAtRef = useRef(0);
   const fetchGenerationRef = useRef(0);
+  // Auto-disable polling after a few consecutive failures. This covers
+  // hosts the banner classifier could not identify (e.g. Juniper JUNOS,
+  // Arista EOS, Cisco NX-OS — all of which advertise themselves as
+  // OpenSSH but do not support the POSIX stats shell command). Without
+  // this, the hook would keep retrying forever and generate an AAA
+  // session log every refresh interval.
+  const CONSECUTIVE_FAILURE_LIMIT = 3;
+  const consecutiveFailuresRef = useRef(0);
+  const givenUpRef = useRef(false);
 
   const fetchStats = useCallback(async () => {
     if (!enabled || !isSupportedOs || !isConnected || !isVisible || !sessionId) {
       return;
     }
+    if (givenUpRef.current) {
+      return;
+    }
 
     const bridge = netcattyBridge.get();
     if (!bridge?.getServerStats) {
@@ -104,6 +116,21 @@ export function useServerStats({
     setIsLoading(true);
     setError(null);
 
+    const markFailure = (message: string) => {
+      consecutiveFailuresRef.current += 1;
+      setError(message);
+      if (consecutiveFailuresRef.current >= CONSECUTIVE_FAILURE_LIMIT) {
+        // Stop polling this session. The caller's useEffect sees the
+        // givenUp flag via the next render cycle and we also clear the
+        // interval locally so no further ticks fire.
+        givenUpRef.current = true;
+        if (intervalRef.current) {
+          clearInterval(intervalRef.current);
+          intervalRef.current = null;
+        }
+      }
+    };
+
     try {
       const result = await bridge.getServerStats(sessionId);
 
@@ -112,6 +139,7 @@ export function useServerStats({
 
       if (result.success && result.stats) {
         hasFetchedRef.current = true;
+        consecutiveFailuresRef.current = 0;
         setStats({
           cpu: result.stats.cpu,
           cpuCores: result.stats.cpuCores,
@@ -134,11 +162,17 @@ export function useServerStats({
           lastUpdated: Date.now(),
         });
       } else if (result.error) {
-        setError(result.error);
+        markFailure(result.error);
+      } else {
+        // Response was not marked as success but has no error — treat as
+        // a soft failure. This happens e.g. when the stats shell pipeline
+        // returns a parse failure on a host that isn't a typical Linux
+        // distro (JUNOS, NX-OS, EOS).
+        markFailure('No stats returned');
       }
     } catch (err) {
       if (isMountedRef.current && generation === fetchGenerationRef.current) {
-        setError(err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'Unknown error');
+        markFailure(err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'Unknown error');
       }
     } finally {
       if (isMountedRef.current && generation === fetchGenerationRef.current) {
@@ -147,6 +181,15 @@ export function useServerStats({
     }
   }, [sessionId, enabled, isSupportedOs, isConnected, isVisible]);
 
+  // When the session changes (e.g., same tab reconnects to a different host
+  // while staying connected), reset the failure counter. Without this, a
+  // JUNOS session that tripped the counter would permanently suppress
+  // polling even after the tab reconnects to a Linux host.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    consecutiveFailuresRef.current = 0;
+    givenUpRef.current = false;
+  }, [sessionId]);
+
   // Initial fetch and periodic refresh
   useEffect(() => {
     isMountedRef.current = true;
@@ -158,9 +201,13 @@ export function useServerStats({
     }
 
     if (!enabled || !isSupportedOs || !isConnected) {
-      // Reset stats and fetch state when disabled or not connected
+      // Reset stats and fetch state when disabled or not connected.
+      // Also reset the give-up flag so that a reconnect (possibly to a
+      // different host at the same sessionId slot) gets a fresh chance.
       hasFetchedRef.current = false;
       connectedAtRef.current = 0;
+      consecutiveFailuresRef.current = 0;
+      givenUpRef.current = false;
 
       setStats({
         cpu: null,
@@ -222,15 +269,23 @@ export function useServerStats({
     // (e.g., tab was hidden while connected and is now becoming visible).
     const connectionAge = Date.now() - connectedAtRef.current;
     const needsWarmup = !hasFetchedRef.current && connectionAge < 2000;
-    const initialTimer = setTimeout(fetchStats, needsWarmup ? 2000 : 0);
+    // If we already gave up on this session (exceeded the consecutive
+    // failure limit), don't even schedule new timers on effect reruns
+    // such as visibility/tab-focus/settings changes. The cleanup at
+    // disconnect/sessionId change clears the flag for a fresh attempt.
+    const initialTimer = givenUpRef.current
+      ? null
+      : setTimeout(fetchStats, needsWarmup ? 2000 : 0);
 
     // Set up periodic refresh
     const intervalMs = Math.max(5, refreshInterval) * 1000; // Minimum 5 seconds
-    intervalRef.current = setInterval(fetchStats, intervalMs);
+    if (!givenUpRef.current) {
+      intervalRef.current = setInterval(fetchStats, intervalMs);
+    }
 
     return () => {
       isMountedRef.current = false;
-      clearTimeout(initialTimer);
+      if (initialTimer) clearTimeout(initialTimer);
       if (intervalRef.current) {
         clearInterval(intervalRef.current);
         intervalRef.current = null;

components/terminal/hooks/useTerminalContextActions.ts

@@ -56,6 +56,24 @@ export const useTerminalContextActions = ({
     }
   }, [sessionRef, termRef, terminalBackend, disableBracketedPasteRef, scrollOnPasteRef]);
 
+  const onPasteSelection = useCallback(() => {
+    const term = termRef.current;
+    if (!term) return;
+    const selection = term.getSelection();
+    if (!selection || !sessionRef.current) return;
+    let data = normalizeLineEndings(selection);
+    if (term.modes.bracketedPasteMode && !disableBracketedPasteRef?.current) data = wrapBracketedPaste(data);
+    terminalBackend.writeToSession(sessionRef.current, data);
+    if (scrollOnPasteRef?.current) {
+      term.scrollToBottom();
+      if (typeof requestAnimationFrame === "function") {
+        requestAnimationFrame(() => {
+          term.scrollToBottom();
+        });
+      }
+    }
+  }, [sessionRef, termRef, terminalBackend, disableBracketedPasteRef, scrollOnPasteRef]);
+
   const onSelectAll = useCallback(() => {
     const term = termRef.current;
     if (!term) return;
@@ -76,5 +94,5 @@ export const useTerminalContextActions = ({
     onHasSelectionChange?.(true);
   }, [onHasSelectionChange, termRef]);
 
-  return { onCopy, onPaste, onSelectAll, onClear, onSelectWord };
+  return { onCopy, onPaste, onPasteSelection, onSelectAll, onClear, onSelectWord };
 };

components/terminal/runtime/createTerminalSessionStarters.ts

@@ -10,9 +10,23 @@ import {
   sanitizeCredentialValue,
 } from "../../../domain/credentials";
 import { resolveHostAuth } from "../../../domain/sshAuth";
+import { detectVendorFromSshVersion } from "../../../domain/host";
 
-/** Timeout of distro detection task */
-const DISTRO_DETECT_TIMEOUT = 8000; // ms
+/**
+ * Per-connection token for stale-timer detection. The renderer reuses the
+ * same sessionId across reconnects within a tab, so comparing sessionIds
+ * cannot distinguish "the current attempt" from "a previous attempt on
+ * the same slot". We assign each startSSH call a fresh token object and
+ * store it in this module-local map, keyed by sessionId. A timer that
+ * was scheduled under an older token will see a different value here and
+ * bail out. The map entry for a sessionId is overwritten on each new
+ * connect and stays around until the app exits — since there is only one
+ * entry per active session, the memory cost is negligible.
+ */
+const connectionTokensBySessionId = new Map<string, object>();
+
+const isConnectionTokenCurrent = (sessionId: string, token: object): boolean =>
+  connectionTokensBySessionId.get(sessionId) === token;
 
 type TerminalBackendApi = {
   backendAvailable: () => boolean;
@@ -38,6 +52,17 @@ type TerminalBackendApi = {
     stdout?: string;
     stderr?: string;
   }>;
+  getSessionRemoteInfo?: (sessionId: string) => Promise<{
+    success: boolean;
+    remoteSshVersion?: string;
+    error?: string;
+  }>;
+  getSessionDistroInfo?: (sessionId: string) => Promise<{
+    success: boolean;
+    stdout?: string;
+    stderr?: string;
+    error?: string;
+  }>;
   onSessionData: (sessionId: string, cb: (data: string) => void) => () => void;
   onSessionExit: (
     sessionId: string,
@@ -223,32 +248,73 @@ const attachSessionToTerminal = (
       }
     }
 
+    // Clean up the connection token for this sessionId so stale timers
+    // that haven't fired yet will fail the isConnectionTokenCurrent check
+    // (previously they would see the old token still in the map and pass).
+    connectionTokensBySessionId.delete(ctx.sessionId);
+
     ctx.onSessionExit?.(ctx.sessionId, evt);
   });
 };
 
 const runDistroDetection = async (
   ctx: TerminalSessionStartersContext,
-  auth: { username: string; password?: string; key?: SSHKey; passphrase?: string },
+  sessionId: string,
+  connectionToken: object,
 ) => {
-  if (!ctx.terminalBackend.execAvailable()) return;
+  // Stale-session guard: the renderer reuses ctx.sessionId across
+  // reconnects in the same tab, so comparing sessionIds is not enough.
+  // We compare against a per-connection token instead; if a newer
+  // connect attempt has run, it will have replaced the token in the
+  // module-level map and this check will fail. Repeated after every
+  // await because the session can change during an async call.
+  const isStillCurrent = () => isConnectionTokenCurrent(sessionId, connectionToken);
+
+  if (!isStillCurrent()) return;
+
+  // Step 1: try to classify from the SSH server identification string
+  // captured at handshake time. This is free (no extra channel) and
+  // reliably identifies most network-device vendors (Cisco IOS, Huawei
+  // VRP, HPE Comware, MikroTik, Fortinet, etc.) so we can skip the
+  // POSIX-shell probe entirely for those hosts — which otherwise fails
+  // and, on devices like Cisco / Juniper with AAA logging, generates an
+  // extra session log entry per connect.
   try {
-    const res = await ctx.terminalBackend.execCommand({
-      hostname: ctx.host.hostname,
-      username: auth.username || "root",
-      port: ctx.host.port || 22,
-      password: auth.password,
-      privateKey: auth.key?.privateKey,
-      passphrase: auth.passphrase ?? auth.key?.passphrase,
-      command: "cat /etc/os-release 2>/dev/null || uname -a",
-      timeout: DISTRO_DETECT_TIMEOUT,
-    });
-    const data = `${res.stdout || ""}\n${res.stderr || ""}`;
-    const idMatch = data.match(/^ID="?([\w-]+)"?$/im);
-    const distro = idMatch
-      ? idMatch[1]
-      : (data.split(/\s+/)[0] || "").toLowerCase();
-    if (distro) ctx.onOsDetected?.(ctx.host.id, distro);
+    if (ctx.terminalBackend.getSessionRemoteInfo && sessionId) {
+      const info = await ctx.terminalBackend.getSessionRemoteInfo(sessionId);
+      if (!isStillCurrent()) return;
+      const vendor = detectVendorFromSshVersion(info?.remoteSshVersion);
+      if (vendor) {
+        ctx.onOsDetected?.(ctx.host.id, vendor);
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+  } catch (err) {
+    logger.warn("SSH banner vendor detection failed", err);
+  }
+
+  if (!isStillCurrent()) return;
+
+  // Step 2: unknown or generic OpenSSH/Dropbear — fall back to the
+  // /etc/os-release probe to pick a distro-specific icon. We deliberately
+  // use `getSessionDistroInfo` which runs the probe on the *existing*
+  // SSH connection's exec channel instead of spinning up a brand new
+  // SSH client the way `execCommand` would. That saves a full handshake
+  // round-trip on every connect, and on OpenSSH-fronted network devices
+  // that we couldn't identify from the banner (JUNOS, NX-OS, EOS) it
+  // avoids one extra AAA session log entry per connect.
+  try {
+    if (ctx.terminalBackend.getSessionDistroInfo && sessionId) {
+      const res = await ctx.terminalBackend.getSessionDistroInfo(sessionId);
+      if (!isStillCurrent()) return;
+      if (!res?.success) return;
+      const data = `${res.stdout || ""}\n${res.stderr || ""}`;
+      const idMatch = data.match(/^ID="?([\w-]+)"?$/im);
+      const distro = idMatch
+        ? idMatch[1]
+        : (data.split(/\s+/)[0] || "").toLowerCase();
+      if (distro) ctx.onOsDetected?.(ctx.host.id, distro);
+    }
   } catch (err) {
     logger.warn("OS probe failed", err);
   }
@@ -262,12 +328,6 @@ export const createTerminalSessionStarters = (ctx: TerminalSessionStartersContex
   };
 
   const startSSH = async (term: XTerm) => {
-    try {
-      term.clear?.();
-    } catch (err) {
-      logger.warn("Failed to clear terminal before connect", err);
-    }
-
     if (!ctx.terminalBackend.backendAvailable()) {
       ctx.setError("Native SSH bridge unavailable. Launch via Electron app.");
       term.writeln(
@@ -299,8 +359,6 @@ export const createTerminalSessionStarters = (ctx: TerminalSessionStartersContex
     const effectivePassphrase = sanitizeCredentialValue(resolvedAuth.passphrase);
     const hasEncryptedPrimaryPassword = isEncryptedCredentialPlaceholder(resolvedAuth.password);
     const hasEncryptedPrimaryKey = isEncryptedCredentialPlaceholder(key?.privateKey);
-    let usedKey: SSHKey | undefined;
-    let usedPassword: string | undefined;
 
     const isAuthError = (err: unknown): boolean => {
       if (!(err instanceof Error)) return false;
@@ -572,7 +630,6 @@ export const createTerminalSessionStarters = (ctx: TerminalSessionStartersContex
       if (hasKeyMaterial) {
         try {
           id = await startAttempt({ key });
-          usedKey = key;
         } catch (err) {
           if (isAuthError(err) && hasPassword) {
             ctx.setProgressLogs((prev) => [
@@ -580,14 +637,12 @@ export const createTerminalSessionStarters = (ctx: TerminalSessionStartersContex
               "Key auth failed. Trying password...",
             ]);
             id = await startAttempt({ password: effectivePassword });
-            usedPassword = effectivePassword;
           } else {
             throw err;
           }
         }
       } else {
         id = await startAttempt({ password: effectivePassword });
-        usedPassword = effectivePassword;
       }
 
       if (unsubscribeChainProgress) unsubscribeChainProgress();
@@ -614,17 +669,20 @@ export const createTerminalSessionStarters = (ctx: TerminalSessionStartersContex
         }, 600);
       }
 
-      // Run OS detection only after successful connection
-      setTimeout(
-        () =>
-          void runDistroDetection(ctx, {
-            username: effectiveUsername,
-            password: usedPassword,
-            key: usedKey,
-            passphrase: effectivePassphrase,
-          }),
-        600,
-      );
+      // Run OS detection only after successful connection. Mint a fresh
+      // token for this specific connection attempt and register it as
+      // the current one for this sessionId slot; any previous timer
+      // scheduled against an earlier token will see the replacement
+      // and bail out. The detection function re-checks the token after
+      // every async await so a reconnect mid-probe is also caught.
+      {
+        const connectionToken = {};
+        connectionTokensBySessionId.set(id, connectionToken);
+        setTimeout(() => {
+          if (!isConnectionTokenCurrent(id, connectionToken)) return;
+          void runDistroDetection(ctx, id, connectionToken);
+        }, 600);
+      }
     } catch (err) {
       const message = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
       const authError = isAuthError(err);
@@ -653,12 +711,6 @@ export const createTerminalSessionStarters = (ctx: TerminalSessionStartersContex
   };
 
   const startTelnet = async (term: XTerm) => {
-    try {
-      term.clear?.();
-    } catch (err) {
-      logger.warn("Failed to clear terminal before connect", err);
-    }
-
     if (!ctx.terminalBackend.telnetAvailable()) {
       ctx.setError("Telnet bridge unavailable. Please run the desktop build.");
       term.writeln("\r\n[Telnet bridge unavailable. Please run the desktop build.]");
@@ -692,12 +744,6 @@ export const createTerminalSessionStarters = (ctx: TerminalSessionStartersContex
   };
 
   const startMosh = async (term: XTerm) => {
-    try {
-      term.clear?.();
-    } catch (err) {
-      logger.warn("Failed to clear terminal before connect", err);
-    }
-
     if (!ctx.terminalBackend.moshAvailable()) {
       ctx.setError("Mosh bridge unavailable. Please run the desktop build.");
       term.writeln("\r\n[Mosh bridge unavailable. Please run the desktop build.]");
@@ -748,12 +794,6 @@ export const createTerminalSessionStarters = (ctx: TerminalSessionStartersContex
   };
 
   const startLocal = async (term: XTerm) => {
-    try {
-      term.clear?.();
-    } catch (err) {
-      logger.warn("Failed to clear terminal before connect", err);
-    }
-
     if (!ctx.terminalBackend.localAvailable()) {
       ctx.setError("Local shell bridge unavailable. Please run the desktop build.");
       term.writeln(

components/terminal/runtime/createXTermRuntime.ts

@@ -114,6 +114,10 @@ export type CreateXTermRuntimeContext = {
   onAutocompleteKeyEvent?: (e: KeyboardEvent) => boolean;
   // Autocomplete input handler — called on every character input
   onAutocompleteInput?: (data: string) => void;
+
+  // Set to true while we're programmatically restoring a selection so that
+  // copy-on-select listeners can suppress redundant clipboard writes.
+  isRestoringSelectionRef?: RefObject<boolean>;
 };
 
 const detectPlatform = (): XTermPlatform => {
@@ -182,7 +186,11 @@ export const createXTermRuntime = (ctx: CreateXTermRuntimeContext): XTermRuntime
 
   const cursorStyle = settings?.cursorShape ?? "block";
   const cursorBlink = settings?.cursorBlink ?? true;
-  const scrollback = settings?.scrollback ?? 10000;
+  // xterm.js treats scrollback=0 as "no scrollback buffer", which breaks mouse
+  // wheel scrolling (events become arrow-key sequences).  The UI uses 0 to mean
+  // "no limit", so map it to a large value instead.
+  const rawScrollback = settings?.scrollback ?? 10000;
+  const scrollback = rawScrollback === 0 ? 999999 : rawScrollback;
   const drawBoldTextInBrightColors = settings?.drawBoldInBrightColors ?? true;
   const fontWeight = resolveHostTerminalFontWeight(ctx.host, settings?.fontWeight ?? 400);
   const fontWeightBold = settings?.fontWeightBold ?? 700;
@@ -415,18 +423,44 @@ export const createXTermRuntime = (ctx: CreateXTermRuntimeContext): XTermRuntime
       return true;
     }
 
+    // Preserve mouse selection across keystrokes when enabled. xterm.js
+    // unconditionally clears the selection on user input
+    // (SelectionService.ts: coreService.onUserInput → clearSelection).
+    // Capture the selection here, then re-apply it after xterm has
+    // processed the key + cleared. The microtask runs after both
+    // synchronous listeners, so by then either the selection is gone (and
+    // we restore) or it's still there (we no-op).
+    if (
+      ctx.terminalSettingsRef.current?.preserveSelectionOnInput &&
+      term.hasSelection()
+    ) {
+      const sel = term.getSelectionPosition();
+      if (sel) {
+        const length =
+          (sel.end.y - sel.start.y) * term.cols + (sel.end.x - sel.start.x);
+        const savedStartX = sel.start.x;
+        const savedStartY = sel.start.y;
+        queueMicrotask(() => {
+          if (term.hasSelection()) return;
+          // Bail out if scrollback trim invalidated the row index.
+          if (savedStartY >= term.buffer.active.length) return;
+          const restoreFlag = ctx.isRestoringSelectionRef;
+          if (restoreFlag) restoreFlag.current = true;
+          try {
+            term.select(savedStartX, savedStartY, length);
+          } finally {
+            if (restoreFlag) restoreFlag.current = false;
+          }
+        });
+      }
+    }
+
     // Autocomplete key handler (must be checked before other handlers)
     if (ctx.onAutocompleteKeyEvent) {
       const consumed = ctx.onAutocompleteKeyEvent(e);
       if (!consumed) return false; // Event was consumed by autocomplete
     }
 
-    if ((e.ctrlKey || e.metaKey) && e.key === "f" && e.type === "keydown") {
-      e.preventDefault();
-      ctx.setIsSearchOpen(true);
-      return false;
-    }
-
     const currentScheme = ctx.hotkeySchemeRef.current;
     // Use shared utility for platform detection when hotkey scheme is disabled
     const isMac = currentScheme === "mac" || (currentScheme === "disabled" && isMacPlatform());
@@ -499,6 +533,17 @@ export const createXTermRuntime = (ctx: CreateXTermRuntimeContext): XTermRuntime
           });
           break;
         }
+        case "pasteSelection": {
+          const selection = term.getSelection();
+          const id = ctx.sessionRef.current;
+          if (selection && id) {
+            let data = normalizeLineEndings(selection);
+            if (term.modes.bracketedPasteMode && !ctx.terminalSettingsRef.current?.disableBracketedPaste) data = wrapBracketedPaste(data);
+            ctx.terminalBackend.writeToSession(id, data);
+            scrollToBottomAfterPaste();
+          }
+          break;
+        }
         case "selectAll": {
           term.selectAll();
           break;
@@ -655,7 +700,10 @@ export const createXTermRuntime = (ctx: CreateXTermRuntimeContext): XTermRuntime
     if (!isEraseScrollbackSequence(params)) {
       return false;
     }
-    return true;
+    // CSI 3 J — POSIX/ncurses default `clear` emits this to wipe scrollback.
+    // Honor it unless the user opts into the legacy "preserve history" behavior.
+    const wipeAllowed = ctx.terminalSettingsRef.current?.clearWipesScrollback ?? true;
+    return !wipeAllowed;
   });
 
   // Register OSC 7 handler using xterm.js parser

components/terminal/toolbarFocus.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+import test from "node:test";
+import assert from "node:assert/strict";
+
+import { shouldPreserveTerminalFocusOnMouseDown } from "./toolbarFocus.ts";
+
+test("preserves terminal focus for non-editable overlay clicks", () => {
+  const buttonLikeTarget = {
+    tagName: "button",
+    isContentEditable: false,
+    closest() {
+      return null;
+    },
+    getAttribute() {
+      return null;
+    },
+  };
+
+  assert.equal(shouldPreserveTerminalFocusOnMouseDown(buttonLikeTarget as unknown as EventTarget), true);
+});
+
+test("allows native focus for direct editable targets", () => {
+  const inputTarget = {
+    tagName: "input",
+    isContentEditable: false,
+    closest() {
+      return null;
+    },
+    getAttribute() {
+      return null;
+    },
+  };
+
+  assert.equal(shouldPreserveTerminalFocusOnMouseDown(inputTarget as unknown as EventTarget), false);
+});
+
+test("allows native focus for descendants inside editable controls", () => {
+  const nestedTarget = {
+    tagName: "span",
+    isContentEditable: false,
+    closest(selector: string) {
+      return selector.includes("input") ? { tagName: "INPUT" } : null;
+    },
+    getAttribute() {
+      return null;
+    },
+  };
+
+  assert.equal(shouldPreserveTerminalFocusOnMouseDown(nestedTarget as unknown as EventTarget), false);
+});
+
+test("allows native focus for contenteditable regions", () => {
+  const editableTarget = {
+    tagName: "div",
+    isContentEditable: false,
+    closest() {
+      return null;
+    },
+    getAttribute(name: string) {
+      return name === "contenteditable" ? "true" : null;
+    },
+  };
+
+  assert.equal(shouldPreserveTerminalFocusOnMouseDown(editableTarget as unknown as EventTarget), false);
+});

components/terminal/toolbarFocus.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+type FocusTargetLike = {
+  tagName?: string | null;
+  isContentEditable?: boolean;
+  closest?: (selector: string) => unknown;
+  getAttribute?: (name: string) => string | null;
+};
+
+const EDITABLE_SELECTOR = 'input, textarea, select, [contenteditable=""], [contenteditable="true"], [role="textbox"]';
+
+/**
+ * The terminal's top overlay sits above the xterm textarea. Pointer clicks on
+ * that layer should usually keep focus in the terminal so typing can continue.
+ * Only allow native focus changes for genuinely editable controls.
+ */
+export const shouldPreserveTerminalFocusOnMouseDown = (target: EventTarget | null): boolean => {
+  if (!target || typeof target !== "object") return true;
+
+  const candidate = target as FocusTargetLike;
+  const tagName = typeof candidate.tagName === "string"
+    ? candidate.tagName.toUpperCase()
+    : "";
+
+  if (tagName === "INPUT" || tagName === "TEXTAREA" || tagName === "SELECT") {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (candidate.isContentEditable) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (typeof candidate.getAttribute === "function") {
+    const contentEditable = candidate.getAttribute("contenteditable");
+    const role = candidate.getAttribute("role");
+    if (contentEditable === "" || contentEditable === "true" || role === "textbox") {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (typeof candidate.closest === "function" && candidate.closest(EDITABLE_SELECTOR)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  return true;
+};

components/ui/ripple.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+import * as React from "react";
+import { cn } from "../../lib/utils";
+import { Button, ButtonProps } from "./button";
+
+interface RippleState {
+  id: number;
+  x: number;
+  y: number;
+  size: number;
+}
+
+const RIPPLE_DURATION_MS = 600;
+
+export const RippleButton = React.forwardRef<HTMLButtonElement, ButtonProps>(
+  ({ children, className, onPointerDown, ...props }, ref) => {
+    const [ripples, setRipples] = React.useState<RippleState[]>([]);
+    const nextId = React.useRef(0);
+
+    const handlePointerDown = React.useCallback(
+      (e: React.PointerEvent<HTMLButtonElement>) => {
+        const rect = e.currentTarget.getBoundingClientRect();
+        const size = Math.max(rect.width, rect.height) * 2;
+        const x = e.clientX - rect.left - size / 2;
+        const y = e.clientY - rect.top - size / 2;
+        const id = nextId.current++;
+        setRipples((rs) => [...rs, { id, x, y, size }]);
+        window.setTimeout(
+          () => setRipples((rs) => rs.filter((r) => r.id !== id)),
+          RIPPLE_DURATION_MS,
+        );
+        onPointerDown?.(e);
+      },
+      [onPointerDown],
+    );
+
+    return (
+      <Button
+        ref={ref}
+        className={cn("relative overflow-hidden", className)}
+        onPointerDown={handlePointerDown}
+        {...props}
+      >
+        {children}
+        <span className="pointer-events-none absolute inset-0">
+          {ripples.map((r) => (
+            <span
+              key={r.id}
+              className="absolute rounded-full bg-current"
+              style={{
+                left: r.x,
+                top: r.y,
+                width: r.size,
+                height: r.size,
+                animation: `ripple ${RIPPLE_DURATION_MS}ms ease-out forwards`,
+              }}
+            />
+          ))}
+        </span>
+      </Button>
+    );
+  },
+);
+RippleButton.displayName = "RippleButton";

components/workspace/AddToWorkspaceDialog.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+/**
+ * AddToWorkspaceDialog — lightweight multi-select picker for appending
+ * new panes into the active workspace. Visually matches QuickSwitcher
+ * (fixed top overlay, same header / row chrome) but with checkmarks on
+ * the right and a thin footer to commit the selection.
+ */
+import { Check, Search, Terminal } from 'lucide-react';
+import React, { useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react';
+import { Host } from '../../types';
+import { DistroAvatar } from '../DistroAvatar';
+import { Button } from '../ui/button';
+import { Input } from '../ui/input';
+import { ScrollArea } from '../ui/scroll-area';
+
+export type AddTarget =
+  | { kind: 'local' }
+  | { kind: 'host'; host: Host };
+
+interface AddToWorkspaceDialogProps {
+  open: boolean;
+  onOpenChange: (open: boolean) => void;
+  hosts: Host[];
+  workspaceTitle?: string;
+  onAdd: (targets: AddTarget[]) => void;
+}
+
+const LOCAL_ITEM_ID = '__local-terminal__';
+
+type Item =
+  | { type: 'local'; id: typeof LOCAL_ITEM_ID }
+  | { type: 'host'; id: string; host: Host };
+
+export const AddToWorkspaceDialog: React.FC<AddToWorkspaceDialogProps> = ({
+  open,
+  onOpenChange,
+  hosts,
+  workspaceTitle,
+  onAdd,
+}) => {
+  const [query, setQuery] = useState('');
+  const [selected, setSelected] = useState<Set<string>>(new Set());
+  const [selectedIndex, setSelectedIndex] = useState(0);
+  const inputRef = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);
+  const containerRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
+
+  // Reset on open + auto-focus the search input.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!open) return;
+    setQuery('');
+    setSelected(new Set());
+    setSelectedIndex(0);
+    const timer = window.setTimeout(() => inputRef.current?.focus(), 40);
+    return () => window.clearTimeout(timer);
+  }, [open]);
+
+  // Close on click outside.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!open) return;
+    const handler = (e: MouseEvent) => {
+      if (containerRef.current && !containerRef.current.contains(e.target as Node)) {
+        onOpenChange(false);
+      }
+    };
+    document.addEventListener('mousedown', handler);
+    return () => document.removeEventListener('mousedown', handler);
+  }, [open, onOpenChange]);
+
+  // NOTE: no serial filter here — callers decide which subset of
+  // hosts to pass based on mode. `appendHostToWorkspace` cannot build
+  // a serial session, so append mode passes non-serial hosts only;
+  // `createWorkspaceFromTargets` handles serial explicitly, so create
+  // mode passes everything.
+  const selectableHosts = hosts;
+
+  const localMatches = useMemo(() => {
+    const term = query.trim().toLowerCase();
+    if (!term) return true;
+    return 'local terminal localhost'.includes(term);
+  }, [query]);
+
+  const filteredHosts = useMemo(() => {
+    const term = query.trim().toLowerCase();
+    if (!term) return selectableHosts;
+    return selectableHosts.filter((h) =>
+      (h.label?.toLowerCase().includes(term))
+      || (h.hostname?.toLowerCase().includes(term))
+      || (h.username?.toLowerCase().includes(term))
+      || (h.group?.toLowerCase().includes(term)),
+    );
+  }, [selectableHosts, query]);
+
+  const items = useMemo<Item[]>(() => {
+    const list: Item[] = [];
+    if (localMatches) list.push({ type: 'local', id: LOCAL_ITEM_ID });
+    for (const h of filteredHosts) list.push({ type: 'host', id: h.id, host: h });
+    return list;
+  }, [localMatches, filteredHosts]);
+
+  const toggle = (id: string) => {
+    setSelected((prev) => {
+      const next = new Set(prev);
+      if (next.has(id)) next.delete(id); else next.add(id);
+      return next;
+    });
+  };
+
+  const handleCommit = () => {
+    if (selected.size === 0) return;
+    const targets: AddTarget[] = [];
+    if (selected.has(LOCAL_ITEM_ID)) targets.push({ kind: 'local' });
+    for (const host of selectableHosts) {
+      if (selected.has(host.id)) targets.push({ kind: 'host', host });
+    }
+    if (targets.length === 0) return;
+    onAdd(targets);
+    onOpenChange(false);
+  };
+
+  const handleKeyDown = (e: React.KeyboardEvent) => {
+    if (e.key === 'Escape') {
+      e.preventDefault();
+      onOpenChange(false);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (e.key === 'ArrowDown') {
+      e.preventDefault();
+      setSelectedIndex((i) => Math.min(i + 1, Math.max(items.length - 1, 0)));
+    } else if (e.key === 'ArrowUp') {
+      e.preventDefault();
+      setSelectedIndex((i) => Math.max(i - 1, 0));
+    } else if (e.key === ' ' || (e.key === 'Enter' && !(e.metaKey || e.ctrlKey))) {
+      if (items.length === 0) return;
+      e.preventDefault();
+      toggle(items[selectedIndex].id);
+    } else if (e.key === 'Enter' && (e.metaKey || e.ctrlKey)) {
+      e.preventDefault();
+      handleCommit();
+    }
+  };
+
+  if (!open) return null;
+
+  const count = selected.size;
+  const localIndex = items.findIndex((it) => it.type === 'local');
+  const firstHostIndex = items.findIndex((it) => it.type === 'host');
+
+  return (
+    <div
+      className="fixed inset-x-0 top-12 z-50 flex justify-center pt-2"
+      style={{ pointerEvents: 'none' }}
+    >
+      <div
+        ref={containerRef}
+        className="w-full max-w-2xl mx-4 bg-background border border-border rounded-xl shadow-2xl overflow-hidden max-h-[520px] flex flex-col"
+        style={{ pointerEvents: 'auto' }}
+      >
+        {/* Search header — mirrors QuickSwitcher chrome. */}
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-3 px-4 py-3 border-b border-border">
+          <Search size={16} className="text-muted-foreground" />
+          <Input
+            ref={inputRef}
+            value={query}
+            onChange={(e) => {
+              setQuery(e.target.value);
+              setSelectedIndex(0);
+            }}
+            onKeyDown={handleKeyDown}
+            placeholder="Search hosts or local shells..."
+            className="flex-1 h-8 border-0 bg-transparent focus-visible:ring-0 focus-visible:ring-offset-0 px-0 text-sm"
+          />
+          {workspaceTitle && (
+            <span className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground truncate max-w-[180px]">
+              {workspaceTitle}
+            </span>
+          )}
+        </div>
+
+        <ScrollArea className="flex-1 h-full">
+          <div>
+            {/* Jump-to hint */}
+            <div className="px-4 py-2 flex items-center gap-2">
+              <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">Pick one or more</span>
+              <kbd className="text-[10px] text-muted-foreground bg-muted px-1 py-0.5 rounded">Space</kbd>
+              <span className="text-[10px] text-muted-foreground">toggle</span>
+              <kbd className="text-[10px] text-muted-foreground bg-muted px-1 py-0.5 rounded">
+                {typeof navigator !== 'undefined' && /Mac|iPhone|iPad/.test(navigator.platform) ? '⌘' : 'Ctrl'}+Enter
+              </kbd>
+              <span className="text-[10px] text-muted-foreground">add</span>
+            </div>
+
+            {/* Local Shells section */}
+            {localIndex !== -1 && (
+              <div>
+                <div className="px-4 py-1.5">
+                  <span className="text-xs font-medium text-muted-foreground">
+                    Local Shells
+                  </span>
+                </div>
+                {(() => {
+                  const idx = localIndex;
+                  const isCursor = idx === selectedIndex;
+                  const isChecked = selected.has(LOCAL_ITEM_ID);
+                  return (
+                    <div
+                      className={`flex items-center gap-3 px-4 py-2.5 cursor-pointer transition-colors ${isCursor ? 'bg-primary/15' : 'hover:bg-muted/50'}`}
+                      onClick={() => toggle(LOCAL_ITEM_ID)}
+                      onMouseEnter={() => setSelectedIndex(idx)}
+                    >
+                      <div className="h-6 w-6 rounded flex items-center justify-center text-muted-foreground">
+                        <Terminal size={16} />
+                      </div>
+                      <span className="text-sm font-medium flex-1 truncate">Local Terminal</span>
+                      {isChecked && <Check size={14} className="text-primary flex-shrink-0" />}
+                    </div>
+                  );
+                })()}
+              </div>
+            )}
+
+            {/* Hosts section */}
+            {filteredHosts.length > 0 && (
+              <div>
+                <div className="px-4 py-1.5">
+                  <span className="text-xs font-medium text-muted-foreground">Hosts</span>
+                </div>
+                {filteredHosts.map((host, i) => {
+                  const idx = firstHostIndex + i;
+                  const isCursor = idx === selectedIndex;
+                  const isChecked = selected.has(host.id);
+                  return (
+                    <div
+                      key={host.id}
+                      className={`flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-2.5 cursor-pointer transition-colors ${isCursor ? 'bg-primary/15' : 'hover:bg-muted/50'}`}
+                      onClick={() => toggle(host.id)}
+                      onMouseEnter={() => setSelectedIndex(idx)}
+                    >
+                      <div className="flex items-center gap-3 min-w-0">
+                        <DistroAvatar host={host} fallback={(host.label || host.hostname).slice(0, 2).toUpperCase()} size="sm" />
+                        <span className="text-sm font-medium truncate">{host.label || host.hostname}</span>
+                      </div>
+                      <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                        <div className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">
+                          {host.group ? `Personal / ${host.group}` : 'Personal'}
+                        </div>
+                        {isChecked && <Check size={14} className="text-primary flex-shrink-0" />}
+                      </div>
+                    </div>
+                  );
+                })}
+              </div>
+            )}
+
+            {items.length === 0 && (
+              <div className="px-4 py-8 text-center text-xs text-muted-foreground">
+                No matches
+              </div>
+            )}
+          </div>
+        </ScrollArea>
+
+        {/* Slim footer to commit. Kept minimal so the layout feels like
+            QuickSwitcher's chrome with a single action strip tacked on. */}
+        <div className="flex items-center justify-end gap-2 px-3 py-2 border-t border-border">
+          <Button variant="ghost" size="sm" onClick={() => onOpenChange(false)}>
+            Cancel
+          </Button>
+          <Button size="sm" disabled={count === 0} onClick={handleCommit}>
+            {count === 0 ? 'Add' : `Add ${count}`}
+          </Button>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+};
+
+export default AddToWorkspaceDialog;

domain/groupConfig.ts

@@ -17,10 +17,30 @@ export function resolveGroupDefaults(
     const config = configMap.get(ancestorPath);
     if (config) {
       for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(config)) {
+        if (
+          (key === 'theme' && config.themeOverride === false) ||
+          (key === 'fontFamily' && config.fontFamilyOverride === false) ||
+          (key === 'fontSize' && config.fontSizeOverride === false) ||
+          (key === 'fontWeight' && config.fontWeightOverride === false)
+        ) {
+          continue;
+        }
         if (key !== 'path' && value !== undefined) {
           merged[key] = value;
         }
       }
+      if (config.themeOverride === false) {
+        delete merged.themeOverride;
+      }
+      if (config.fontFamilyOverride === false) {
+        delete merged.fontFamilyOverride;
+      }
+      if (config.fontSizeOverride === false) {
+        delete merged.fontSizeOverride;
+      }
+      if (config.fontWeightOverride === false) {
+        delete merged.fontWeightOverride;
+      }
     }
   }
   return merged as Partial<GroupConfig>;
@@ -50,3 +70,11 @@ export function applyGroupDefaults(host: Host, groupDefaults: Partial<GroupConfi
   }
   return effective;
 }
+
+export function resolveGroupTerminalThemeId(
+  groupDefaults: Partial<GroupConfig> | undefined,
+  fallbackThemeId: string,
+): string {
+  if (!groupDefaults) return fallbackThemeId;
+  return groupDefaults.theme || fallbackThemeId;
+}

domain/host.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import test from "node:test";
+import assert from "node:assert/strict";
+
+import type { Host } from "./models.ts";
+import { upsertHostById } from "./host.ts";
+
+const makeHost = (overrides: Partial<Host> = {}): Host => ({
+  id: "host-1",
+  label: "Primary Host",
+  hostname: "127.0.0.1",
+  port: 22,
+  username: "root",
+  authType: "password",
+  createdAt: 1,
+  protocol: "ssh",
+  ...overrides,
+});
+
+test("upsertHostById updates an existing host in place", () => {
+  const existing = makeHost();
+  const updated = makeHost({ label: "Updated Host" });
+
+  assert.deepEqual(upsertHostById([existing], updated), [updated]);
+});
+
+test("upsertHostById appends a duplicated host with a fresh id", () => {
+  const existing = makeHost({
+    id: "serial-original",
+    label: "Serial Config",
+    protocol: "serial",
+    hostname: "/dev/ttyUSB0",
+    port: 115200,
+    serialConfig: {
+      path: "/dev/ttyUSB0",
+      baudRate: 115200,
+      dataBits: 8,
+      stopBits: 1,
+      parity: "none",
+      flowControl: "none",
+      localEcho: false,
+      lineMode: false,
+    },
+  });
+  const duplicate = makeHost({
+    ...existing,
+    id: "serial-duplicate",
+    label: "Serial Config (copy)",
+  });
+
+  assert.deepEqual(upsertHostById([existing], duplicate), [existing, duplicate]);
+});

domain/host.ts

@@ -17,6 +17,26 @@ export const LINUX_DISTRO_OPTIONS = [
   'kali',
 ] as const;
 
+/**
+ * Known network-device vendor IDs that Netcatty can detect from the SSH
+ * server identification string. When a host is classified as one of these,
+ * features that assume a POSIX shell (e.g. the periodic server stats poll)
+ * are disabled, because the stats command would either be rejected outright
+ * or generate one AAA session log per poll on the remote device.
+ */
+export const NETWORK_DEVICE_OPTIONS = [
+  'cisco',
+  'juniper',
+  'huawei',
+  'hpe',
+  'mikrotik',
+  'fortinet',
+  'paloalto',
+  'zyxel',
+] as const;
+
+export type NetworkDeviceVendor = typeof NETWORK_DEVICE_OPTIONS[number];
+
 export const normalizeDistroId = (value?: string) => {
   const v = (value || '').toLowerCase().trim();
   if (!v) return '';
@@ -33,10 +53,87 @@ export const normalizeDistroId = (value?: string) => {
   if (v.includes('almalinux')) return 'almalinux';
   if (v.includes('oracle')) return 'oracle';
   if (v.includes('kali')) return 'kali';
+  // Network device vendor IDs may arrive here after detection — preserve them.
+  if ((NETWORK_DEVICE_OPTIONS as readonly string[]).includes(v)) return v;
   if (v === 'linux' || v.includes('linux')) return 'linux';
   return '';
 };
 
+/**
+ * Parse the SSH server identification string (the `software` portion of
+ * `SSH-<protocol>-<software>\r\n`, exposed by ssh2 as `conn._remoteVer`)
+ * and return a normalized network-device vendor ID, or '' if the ident
+ * does not match a known vendor.
+ *
+ * Matching patterns are sourced from the Nmap nmap-service-probes
+ * database (match lines beginning with `match ssh m|^SSH-`), cross-
+ * referenced with the ssh-audit project's software.py and vendor docs.
+ * Only rules whose pattern can be reproduced from those sources are
+ * included here.
+ *
+ * Empty string means "use the fallback linux/macos detection path" —
+ * that is what happens for OpenSSH, Dropbear, JUNOS, Cisco NX-OS, and
+ * Arista EOS, all of which either are POSIX systems or present as
+ * plain `OpenSSH_*` with no distinct vendor marker.
+ */
+export const detectVendorFromSshVersion = (softwareVersion?: string): '' | NetworkDeviceVendor => {
+  const s = (softwareVersion || '').trim();
+  if (!s) return '';
+
+  // Cisco family — IOS, IOS XA, Wireless LAN Controller
+  if (/^Cisco[-_]/i.test(s)) return 'cisco';
+  if (/^CiscoIOS_/i.test(s)) return 'cisco';
+  if (/^CISCO_WLC\b/.test(s)) return 'cisco';
+  // Note: `IPSSH-*` is used by both Cisco and 3Com devices (per Nmap
+  // `match ssh m|^SSH-([\d.]+)-IPSSH-([\d.]+)\|`), so we cannot map it
+  // to a specific vendor icon from the banner alone. Users who want a
+  // custom icon for such devices can set one via the Host Details
+  // manual distro override. The stats-polling gate is still handled
+  // correctly via `host.deviceType === 'network'`.
+
+  // Juniper NetScreen firewall (JUNOS itself uses OpenSSH and is caught
+  // by the fallback failure-counter path in useServerStats).
+  if (/^NetScreen\b/.test(s)) return 'juniper';
+
+  // Huawei VRP and related products
+  if (/^HUAWEI[-_]/i.test(s)) return 'huawei';
+  if (/^VRP-/i.test(s)) return 'huawei';
+
+  // HPE / H3C — Comware switches, Integrated Lights-Out (iLO), legacy 3Com
+  if (/^Comware-/i.test(s)) return 'hpe';
+  if (/^3Com\s*OS/i.test(s)) return 'hpe';
+  if (/^mpSSH_/i.test(s)) return 'hpe';
+
+  // MikroTik RouterOS
+  if (/^ROSSSH\b/.test(s)) return 'mikrotik';
+
+  // Fortinet FortiOS / FortiGate
+  if (/^FortiSSH_/i.test(s)) return 'fortinet';
+
+  // Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS
+  if (/^PaloAltoNetworks[_-]/i.test(s)) return 'paloalto';
+
+  // ZyXEL ZyWALL
+  if (/^Zyxel\s*SSH/i.test(s)) return 'zyxel';
+
+  return '';
+};
+
+/**
+ * Classify a distro/vendor ID into a high-level device class. Features that
+ * assume a POSIX shell (periodic stats polling, /etc/os-release probing, etc.)
+ * should only run when this returns `linux-like`.
+ */
+export type DeviceClass = 'linux-like' | 'network-device' | 'other';
+
+export const classifyDistroId = (distroId?: string): DeviceClass => {
+  const v = (distroId || '').toLowerCase().trim();
+  if (!v) return 'other';
+  if ((NETWORK_DEVICE_OPTIONS as readonly string[]).includes(v)) return 'network-device';
+  if ((LINUX_DISTRO_OPTIONS as readonly string[]).includes(v)) return 'linux-like';
+  return 'other';
+};
+
 export const getEffectiveHostDistro = (
   host?: Pick<Host, 'distro' | 'manualDistro' | 'distroMode'> | null,
 ) => {
@@ -56,6 +153,13 @@ export const formatHostPort = (hostname: string, port?: number | null): string =
   return `${display}:${port}`;
 };
 
+export const upsertHostById = (hosts: Host[], host: Host): Host[] => {
+  const hostExists = hosts.some((entry) => entry.id === host.id);
+  return hostExists
+    ? hosts.map((entry) => (entry.id === host.id ? host : entry))
+    : [...hosts, host];
+};
+
 export const sanitizeHost = (host: Host): Host => {
   const cleanHostname = (host.hostname || '').split(/\s+/)[0];
   const cleanDistro = normalizeDistroId(host.distro);

domain/models.ts

@@ -394,9 +394,10 @@ export const DEFAULT_KEY_BINDINGS: KeyBinding[] = [
   // Terminal Operations
   { id: 'copy', action: 'copy', label: 'Copy from Terminal', mac: '⌘ + C', pc: 'Ctrl + Shift + C', category: 'terminal' },
   { id: 'paste', action: 'paste', label: 'Paste to Terminal', mac: '⌘ + V', pc: 'Ctrl + Shift + V', category: 'terminal' },
+  { id: 'paste-selection', action: 'pasteSelection', label: 'Paste Selection to Terminal', mac: '⌘ + Shift + X', pc: 'Ctrl + Shift + X', category: 'terminal' },
   { id: 'select-all', action: 'selectAll', label: 'Select All in Terminal', mac: '⌘ + A', pc: 'Ctrl + Shift + A', category: 'terminal' },
   { id: 'clear-buffer', action: 'clearBuffer', label: 'Clear Terminal Buffer', mac: '⌘ + ⌃ + K', pc: 'Ctrl + Shift + K', category: 'terminal' },
-  { id: 'search-terminal', action: 'searchTerminal', label: 'Open Terminal Search', mac: '⌘ + F', pc: 'Ctrl + Shift + F', category: 'terminal' },
+  { id: 'search-terminal', action: 'searchTerminal', label: 'Open Terminal Search', mac: '⌘ + F', pc: 'Ctrl + F', category: 'terminal' },
 
   // Navigation / Split View
   { id: 'move-focus', action: 'moveFocus', label: 'Move focus between Split View panes', mac: '⌘ + ⌥ + arrows', pc: 'Ctrl + Alt + arrows', category: 'navigation' },
@@ -410,6 +411,7 @@ export const DEFAULT_KEY_BINDINGS: KeyBinding[] = [
   { id: 'port-forwarding', action: 'portForwarding', label: 'Open Port Forwarding', mac: '⌘ + P', pc: 'Ctrl + P', category: 'app' },
   { id: 'command-palette', action: 'commandPalette', label: 'Open Command Palette', mac: '⌘ + K', pc: 'Ctrl + K', category: 'app' },
   { id: 'quick-switch', action: 'quickSwitch', label: 'Quick Switch', mac: '⌘ + J', pc: 'Ctrl + J', category: 'app' },
+  { id: 'new-workspace', action: 'newWorkspace', label: 'New Workspace', mac: '⌘ + Shift + J', pc: 'Ctrl + Shift + J', category: 'app' },
   { id: 'snippets', action: 'snippets', label: 'Open Snippets', mac: '⌘ + Shift + S', pc: 'Ctrl + Shift + S', category: 'app' },
   { id: 'broadcast', action: 'broadcast', label: 'Switch the Broadcast Mode', mac: '⌘ + B', pc: 'Ctrl + B', category: 'app' },
 
@@ -496,6 +498,18 @@ export interface TerminalSettings {
   // Paste
   disableBracketedPaste: boolean; // Disable bracketed paste mode (avoid ^[[200~ artifacts)
 
+  // Shell `clear` command behavior — controls whether CSI 3 J (erase scrollback)
+  // from the shell is honored. Default true matches POSIX/ncurses since 2013:
+  // `clear` clears both visible screen and scrollback. Disable to keep history
+  // across `clear` (matches iTerm2 default and pre-2013 behavior).
+  clearWipesScrollback: boolean;
+
+  // When true, typing on the keyboard does NOT clear an existing mouse
+  // selection. Lets the user select text, type a command prefix (e.g. `sz `),
+  // and then paste the still-live selection. xterm.js's default is to clear
+  // on input; this opt-in toggle restores the selection right after.
+  preserveSelectionOnInput: boolean;
+
   // Clipboard
   osc52Clipboard: 'off' | 'write-only' | 'read-write' | 'prompt'; // OSC-52 clipboard access: off, write-only (default), read-write, or prompt on read
 
@@ -624,6 +638,8 @@ const DEFAULT_TERMINAL_SETTINGS: TerminalSettings = {
   showServerStats: true, // Show server stats by default
   serverStatsRefreshInterval: 5, // Refresh every 5 seconds
   disableBracketedPaste: false, // Bracketed paste enabled by default
+  clearWipesScrollback: true, // POSIX-standard: shell `clear` clears scrollback too
+  preserveSelectionOnInput: false, // Opt-in: keep selection alive when typing
   osc52Clipboard: 'write-only', // OSC-52: allow remote programs to write clipboard by default
   rendererType: 'auto', // Auto-detect best renderer based on hardware
   autocompleteEnabled: true, // Autocomplete enabled by default

domain/sync.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 /**
  * Cloud Sync Domain Types & Interfaces
- * 
+ *
  * Zero-Knowledge Encrypted Multi-Cloud Sync System
  * Supports: GitHub Gist, Google Drive, Microsoft OneDrive, WebDAV, S3 Compatible
  */
 
+import type { ShrinkFinding } from './syncGuards';
+
 // ============================================================================
 // Security State Machine
 // ============================================================================
@@ -22,10 +24,11 @@ export type SecurityState =
  * Sync Operation State Machine
  * Tracks the current sync operation status
  */
-export type SyncState = 
+export type SyncState =
   | 'IDLE'       // Waiting for sync trigger
   | 'SYNCING'    // Active sync operation in progress
   | 'CONFLICT'   // Version conflict detected - needs resolution
+  | 'BLOCKED'    // Outgoing payload would delete too much — user must choose restore or force-push
   | 'ERROR';     // Operation failed - needs attention
 
 /**
@@ -206,6 +209,10 @@ export interface SyncPayload {
     immersiveMode?: boolean;
     // Vault: show recently connected hosts
     showRecentHosts?: boolean;
+    // Vault: root list shows only ungrouped hosts
+    showOnlyUngroupedHostsInRoot?: boolean;
+    // Top tabs: show standalone SFTP view tab
+    showSftpTab?: boolean;
   };
 
   // Sync metadata
@@ -280,6 +287,10 @@ export interface SyncResult {
   conflictDetected?: boolean;
   /** Present when action === 'merge'; caller should apply this to update local state */
   mergedPayload?: import('./sync').SyncPayload;
+  /** True when a shrink-detection guard blocked the upload */
+  shrinkBlocked?: boolean;
+  /** The finding that triggered the shrink block or force-push */
+  finding?: ShrinkFinding;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -347,10 +358,22 @@ export type SyncEvent =
   | { type: 'SYNC_COMPLETED'; provider: CloudProvider; result: SyncResult }
   | { type: 'SYNC_ERROR'; provider: CloudProvider; error: string }
   | { type: 'CONFLICT_DETECTED'; conflict: ConflictInfo }
+  | { type: 'SYNC_BLOCKED_SHRINK'; provider: CloudProvider; finding: ShrinkFinding }
+  | { type: 'SYNC_FORCED'; provider: CloudProvider; finding: ShrinkFinding }
   | { type: 'CONFLICT_RESOLVED'; resolution: ConflictResolution }
   | { type: 'AUTH_REQUIRED'; provider: CloudProvider }
   | { type: 'AUTH_COMPLETED'; provider: CloudProvider; account: ProviderAccount }
-  | { type: 'SECURITY_STATE_CHANGED'; state: SecurityState };
+  | { type: 'SECURITY_STATE_CHANGED'; state: SecurityState }
+  | { type: 'SYNC_BLOCKED_CLEARED' }
+  | {
+      type: 'PROVIDERS_DIVERGED';
+      summaries: Array<{
+        provider: CloudProvider;
+        hosts: number;
+        keys: number;
+        snippets: number;
+      }>;
+    };
 
 // ============================================================================
 // Storage Keys

domain/syncGuards.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+import test from "node:test";
+import assert from "node:assert/strict";
+
+import { detectSuspiciousShrink } from "./syncGuards.ts";
+import type { SyncPayload } from "./sync.ts";
+
+function payload(overrides: Partial<SyncPayload> = {}): SyncPayload {
+  return {
+    hosts: [],
+    keys: [],
+    identities: [],
+    snippets: [],
+    customGroups: [],
+    snippetPackages: [],
+    knownHosts: [],
+    portForwardingRules: [],
+    groupConfigs: [],
+    settings: undefined,
+    syncedAt: 0,
+    ...overrides,
+  };
+}
+
+function hosts(n: number): SyncPayload["hosts"] {
+  return Array.from({ length: n }, (_, i) => ({
+    id: `h${i}`,
+    label: `h${i}`,
+    hostname: `h${i}.example`,
+    port: 22,
+    username: "root",
+    protocol: "ssh",
+  })) as SyncPayload["hosts"];
+}
+
+test("null base, no remote fallback → not suspicious (nothing to compare)", () => {
+  const result = detectSuspiciousShrink(payload({ hosts: hosts(1) }), null);
+  assert.deepEqual(result, { suspicious: false });
+});
+
+test("null base + empty remote → not suspicious (genuinely empty cloud)", () => {
+  const result = detectSuspiciousShrink(payload({ hosts: hosts(5) }), null, payload());
+  assert.deepEqual(result, { suspicious: false });
+});
+
+test("null base + populated remote + empty outgoing → suspicious via remote (#779 scenario)", () => {
+  // Fresh install with no stored base; remote already holds user's keychain.
+  // Local payload is empty (degraded vault / load race) → must be blocked.
+  const remote = payload({ keys: Array.from({ length: 8 }, (_, i) => ({ id: `k${i}`, label: `k${i}`, privateKey: "x" })) as SyncPayload["keys"] });
+  const out = payload();
+  const result = detectSuspiciousShrink(out, null, remote);
+  assert.equal(result.suspicious, true);
+  if (result.suspicious) {
+    assert.equal(result.entityType, "keys");
+    assert.equal(result.viaRemote, true);
+    assert.equal(result.lost, 8);
+  }
+});
+
+test("null base + larger remote + outgoing growth → not suspicious (lost is negative)", () => {
+  const remote = payload({ hosts: hosts(3) });
+  const out = payload({ hosts: hosts(10) });
+  assert.deepEqual(detectSuspiciousShrink(out, null, remote), { suspicious: false });
+});
+
+test("base present takes precedence over remote fallback", () => {
+  // base=10, outgoing=10 → not suspicious; remote=0 should NOT trigger a
+  // via-remote warning because a real base is available.
+  const base = payload({ hosts: hosts(10) });
+  const remote = payload();
+  const out = payload({ hosts: hosts(10) });
+  assert.deepEqual(detectSuspiciousShrink(out, base, remote), { suspicious: false });
+});
+
+test("no shrink — same counts → not suspicious", () => {
+  const base = payload({ hosts: hosts(5) });
+  const out = payload({ hosts: hosts(5) });
+  assert.deepEqual(detectSuspiciousShrink(out, base), { suspicious: false });
+});
+
+test("growth only → not suspicious", () => {
+  const base = payload({ hosts: hosts(5) });
+  const out = payload({ hosts: hosts(10) });
+  assert.deepEqual(detectSuspiciousShrink(out, base), { suspicious: false });
+});
+
+test("shrink under both thresholds → not suspicious (delete 2 of 4)", () => {
+  const base = payload({ hosts: hosts(4) });
+  const out = payload({ hosts: hosts(2) });
+  assert.deepEqual(detectSuspiciousShrink(out, base), { suspicious: false });
+});
+
+test("bulk-shrink 50% AND absolute 3 — exactly at threshold → suspicious", () => {
+  const base = payload({ hosts: hosts(6) });
+  const out = payload({ hosts: hosts(3) });
+  assert.deepEqual(detectSuspiciousShrink(out, base), {
+    suspicious: true,
+    reason: "bulk-shrink",
+    entityType: "hosts",
+    baseCount: 6,
+    outgoingCount: 3,
+    lost: 3,
+  });
+});
+
+test("bulk-shrink 50% but absolute 2 → not suspicious (absolute gate)", () => {
+  const base = payload({ hosts: hosts(4) });
+  const out = payload({ hosts: hosts(2) });
+  assert.deepEqual(detectSuspiciousShrink(out, base), { suspicious: false });
+});
+
+test("bulk-shrink 40% absolute 4 → not suspicious (ratio gate)", () => {
+  const base = payload({ hosts: hosts(10) });
+  const out = payload({ hosts: hosts(6) });
+  assert.deepEqual(detectSuspiciousShrink(out, base), { suspicious: false });
+});
+
+test("large-shrink absolute 10 regardless of ratio → suspicious", () => {
+  const base = payload({ hosts: hosts(100) });
+  const out = payload({ hosts: hosts(90) });
+  assert.deepEqual(detectSuspiciousShrink(out, base), {
+    suspicious: true,
+    reason: "large-shrink",
+    entityType: "hosts",
+    baseCount: 100,
+    outgoingCount: 90,
+    lost: 10,
+  });
+});
+
+test("dual-trigger (large-shrink AND bulk-shrink both satisfied) → reason is 'large-shrink'", () => {
+  // base=20, lost=10: satisfies large-shrink (>=10) AND bulk-shrink (50%, >=3)
+  const base = payload({ hosts: hosts(20) });
+  const out = payload({ hosts: hosts(10) });
+  const result = detectSuspiciousShrink(out, base);
+  assert.equal(result.suspicious, true);
+  if (result.suspicious) assert.equal(result.reason, "large-shrink");
+});
+
+test("multiple entity types shrinking — returns first in declaration order (hosts before keys)", () => {
+  const base = payload({ hosts: hosts(6), keys: Array.from({ length: 6 }, (_, i) => ({ id: `k${i}`, label: `k${i}`, privateKey: "x" })) as SyncPayload["keys"] });
+  const out = payload({ hosts: hosts(3), keys: Array.from({ length: 3 }, (_, i) => ({ id: `k${i}`, label: `k${i}`, privateKey: "x" })) as SyncPayload["keys"] });
+  const result = detectSuspiciousShrink(out, base);
+  assert.equal(result.suspicious, true);
+  if (result.suspicious) assert.equal(result.entityType, "hosts");
+});
+
+test("only non-hosts entity shrinks → reports that entity", () => {
+  const snippets = (n: number) => Array.from({ length: n }, (_, i) => ({ id: `s${i}`, label: `s${i}`, command: "" })) as SyncPayload["snippets"];
+  const base = payload({ snippets: snippets(10) });
+  const out = payload({ snippets: snippets(0) });
+  const result = detectSuspiciousShrink(out, base);
+  assert.equal(result.suspicious, true);
+  if (result.suspicious) {
+    assert.equal(result.entityType, "snippets");
+    assert.equal(result.reason, "large-shrink");
+  }
+});
+
+test("knownHosts shrink triggers (security-sensitive)", () => {
+  const kh = (n: number) => Array.from({ length: n }, (_, i) => ({ id: `kh${i}`, hostname: `h${i}`, port: 22, keyType: "rsa", fingerprint: "x" })) as unknown as SyncPayload["knownHosts"];
+  const base = payload({ knownHosts: kh(12) });
+  const out = payload({ knownHosts: kh(2) });
+  const result = detectSuspiciousShrink(out, base);
+  assert.equal(result.suspicious, true);
+  if (result.suspicious) assert.equal(result.entityType, "knownHosts");
+});
+
+test("empty base (all zeros) — no shrink possible, returns not suspicious", () => {
+  const base = payload();
+  const out = payload({ hosts: hosts(5) });
+  // All base counts are 0; no shrink possible
+  assert.deepEqual(detectSuspiciousShrink(out, base), { suspicious: false });
+});

domain/syncGuards.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+import type { SyncPayload } from './sync';
+
+export type ShrinkFinding =
+  | { suspicious: false }
+  | {
+      suspicious: true;
+      reason: 'bulk-shrink' | 'large-shrink';
+      entityType:
+        | 'hosts'
+        | 'keys'
+        | 'identities'
+        | 'snippets'
+        | 'customGroups'
+        | 'snippetPackages'
+        | 'knownHosts'
+        | 'portForwardingRules'
+        | 'groupConfigs';
+      baseCount: number;
+      outgoingCount: number;
+      lost: number;
+      /** True when the comparison reference was the current remote (base was null). */
+      viaRemote?: boolean;
+    };
+
+// Keep in sync with all array-typed fields of SyncPayload. When a new
+// array entity type is added there, add it here too — there is no
+// compile-time check enforcing this.
+const CHECKED_ENTITIES = [
+  'hosts',
+  'keys',
+  'identities',
+  'snippets',
+  'customGroups',
+  'snippetPackages',
+  'knownHosts',
+  'portForwardingRules',
+  'groupConfigs',
+] as const;
+
+type CheckedEntityType = typeof CHECKED_ENTITIES[number];
+
+const BULK_SHRINK_RATIO = 0.5;
+const BULK_SHRINK_MIN_ABSOLUTE = 3;
+const LARGE_SHRINK_ABSOLUTE = 10;
+
+function countOf(p: SyncPayload, key: CheckedEntityType): number {
+  const v = p[key];
+  return Array.isArray(v) ? v.length : 0;
+}
+
+export function detectSuspiciousShrink(
+  outgoing: SyncPayload,
+  base: SyncPayload | null,
+  remote?: SyncPayload | null,
+): ShrinkFinding {
+  // Fall back to the current remote when we have no stored base — a null base
+  // happens on first sync, after unlock key re-derivation, or when the base
+  // blob failed to decrypt. Without this fallback, a degraded/empty local
+  // payload would be admitted unconditionally and could overwrite populated
+  // remote data (#779). We only use `remote` when `base` is unavailable so
+  // legitimate resurrections (device that legitimately grew past an older
+  // remote snapshot) remain unaffected.
+  const reference = base ?? remote ?? null;
+  const viaRemote = !base && !!remote;
+  if (!reference) return { suspicious: false };
+
+  for (const entityType of CHECKED_ENTITIES) {
+    const baseCount = countOf(reference, entityType);
+    const outgoingCount = countOf(outgoing, entityType);
+    const lost = baseCount - outgoingCount;
+    if (lost <= 0) continue;
+
+    if (lost >= LARGE_SHRINK_ABSOLUTE) {
+      return {
+        suspicious: true,
+        reason: 'large-shrink',
+        entityType,
+        baseCount,
+        outgoingCount,
+        lost,
+        ...(viaRemote ? { viaRemote: true } : {}),
+      };
+    }
+
+    if (baseCount > 0 && lost / baseCount >= BULK_SHRINK_RATIO && lost >= BULK_SHRINK_MIN_ABSOLUTE) {
+      return {
+        suspicious: true,
+        reason: 'bulk-shrink',
+        entityType,
+        baseCount,
+        outgoingCount,
+        lost,
+        ...(viaRemote ? { viaRemote: true } : {}),
+      };
+    }
+  }
+
+  return { suspicious: false };
+}

domain/terminalAppearance.ts

@@ -41,6 +41,34 @@ export const clearHostFontSizeOverride = (host: Host): Host => ({
 export const resolveHostTerminalThemeId = (host: Host | null | undefined, defaultThemeId: string): string =>
   hasHostThemeOverride(host) && host?.theme ? host.theme : defaultThemeId;
 
+/**
+ * Map a UI theme preset ID to the terminal theme whose background matches
+ * it exactly. Used when "Follow Application Theme" is enabled so the
+ * terminal blends seamlessly with the app chrome. Returns undefined if no
+ * match exists (caller should fall back to the global terminal theme).
+ */
+const UI_TO_TERMINAL_THEME: Record<string, string> = {
+  // Light
+  'snow': 'ui-snow',
+  'pure-white': 'ui-pure-white',
+  'ivory': 'ui-ivory',
+  'mist': 'ui-mist',
+  'mint': 'ui-mint',
+  'sand': 'ui-sand',
+  'lavender': 'ui-lavender',
+  // Dark
+  'pure-black': 'ui-pure-black',
+  'midnight': 'ui-midnight',
+  'deep-blue': 'ui-deep-blue',
+  'vscode': 'ui-vscode',
+  'graphite': 'ui-graphite',
+  'obsidian': 'ui-obsidian',
+  'forest': 'ui-forest',
+};
+
+export const getTerminalThemeForUiTheme = (uiThemeId: string): string | undefined =>
+  UI_TO_TERMINAL_THEME[uiThemeId];
+
 export const resolveHostTerminalFontFamilyId = (host: Host | null | undefined, defaultFontFamilyId: string): string =>
   hasHostFontFamilyOverride(host) && host?.fontFamily ? host.fontFamily : defaultFontFamilyId;